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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Exeter Advocate, 1924-1-3, Page 7DAIRY a superior or inferior cow born,. or grown? Answering this common? question has called for a great deal of investigation; and the matter is by leo • means settled as yet, but some of the information may prove of aid to the dairyman. who is looking forward . to getting a better foothold in the game, address communications ter. Agronomist., 73 Adelaide St, West, Toronto and, who is not satisfied -to just stand. EARLY' STRAWBERRIES. horse's life is the time from weaning until the foal is a year old. The ;am- :,.�Question—York YCounty, Ont. ---i am ount and quality of feed' fed during growing; strawberries or t q I y f the Toronto this market but find the Glen Ma a little; period 11 largely . too,laie in ripening, to catch the early. market, Please advise me .of. earlier : draft horses are so checked and stunt - kinds; . also tell zine ed in growth from `a lack''af proper what iii a good feed and care as colts that they never green manure to plow down after the m strawberries: are plowed up. in pie-' attain the size iced, .wouldraise the oration for re- ! from a .law -priced, nondescript chunk p planting? l' Answer b� the Doaatiizion'Harticul- on a high-priced,' profitable drafter. tufts!-.Thero are two or three var- The first step • is to get it feeding •Ieties whichregularly on grain before weaning it are somewhat earlier the from the mare. A mixture of oats and es than theGlenMary. Perhaps: etylbran'are the best feeds to -use for, this earliest is the Excelsior, an old varlet which is poor in m ualit but a v Y' purpose. When the foal is feeding „quality, ems'! regularly it may be weaned without good yielder. Among the fairly early: danger of. tt severe: cheek in growth varieties is Maggie, and still another which; will alwa °s: occur if eaned. is Boder Wood, the 'latter being fairly; y. well known and perhaps as~ geed ins without being taught to feed first. If. quality as any. g two foals can be put together in a If the stxawbexxy patch could not be' roomy loose -box they will fret less plowed under by the middle'of July,• _ than 1 kept by themselves. i Would be difficult tocr et, Thea beat feeds to use are oats -- get a�over crop preferably roiled, Oxon, a.little linseed of .sufficient quantity to be of much meal and oodclean' well -cured alfalfa service. On the Experimental Farm g f at Ottawa hay. ""The concentrates are readily or 7th f J' ly and get a .fairly good procurable anywhere but the' alfalfa will not be 'lbs 'd a Zvi ar ely determine his future . development. Many potential I a we sow rape about the 6th. o u stand, sown it n avaia a over. as wi e. P g under the. following range. It is, however, more valuable spring. Ilubam clover. 'might be worth, than, any other roughage and horse a trial as it is,.a fast grower and as:breeders would be well, advised to' It is an annual. does not carry with it ` make a special effort to grow enough the danger of becoming a weed. of this feed for their foals and also the brood mares, if possible. Other good ;quality hays rank next to alfalfa in value as roughage and good results can also be obtai ed f • th Feed should be given three times a day at as nearly as possible regular intervals and the foals should be wat- ered before feeding; The foal is easily taught to drink before feeding and once the habit is formed no further trouble will be experienced. Salt should be available at all times. A small block of rock salt in the corner of the manger is the most satisfactory method of supplying it, The amounts -of feed necessary will vary with different animals. A foal will very seldom eat more than it can properly assimilate, differing in this point: from older horses. Reasonably generous feeding will be amply re- paid in the extra growth and develop- ment. .Good sound thirteen -hundred - pound horses flood the market at low prices, .,while. well built, sound horses of seventeen hundred pounds, or over, are readily saleable in the same dis- tricts at from one hundred and eighty dollars upward in price. Regular exercise each day is just as important as' plenty of good feed and should be regarded as.part of` the feeding operations for, without exer- cise, the feed would not ba utilized properly. FORCING VEGETABLE CROPS. Question—I should like to get some Information on forcin b tnatoes, peppers, cabbage, and squash. I succeed in raising the plants but not In getting rapid growth, especially the cucumbers. Answer by fhs Dominion iiortxcul-i iurisi—The failure to get rapid.' growth' would indicate a lack of avail-` able plant food at the proper time. Such crops as cucumbers, peppers and: muesli require a soil that will warm th up quickly and respond to cultivation,! by yielding up the plant food rapidly;1 It would be well to apply nitrate of soda at the rate of 300 pounds per acre. If this is not done until after planting scatter a small amount of the nitrate of soda along each row of plants and cultivate it into the soil, .A. similar quantity of'16 per cent. superphosphate applied with the ni- trate of, soda would also help develop- menu of the fruit especially the pep- pers, squash and cucumbers. Treat- ment for the growing of these crops is found in pamphlets distributed by the Publications Branch of the De- partment of Agriculture at Ottawa. FEEDING THE WEANING FOAL. The most important period of -a g cusum ere to - still. Feed is supposed to affect: size, type and production, and though it would tale a large book to cover' all these points; ,a short article may:con- tain ,the substance of the facts thus far learned; 'by careful and well con- ceived investigation, There is no, doubt that a heifer fed a heavy grain ration will develop into a larger cow than'one reared, on roughage alone; but the difference in size is much more marked during the first few years and lees se at matur- ity. Experiments show the height at the .withers of an. eighteen -months -old, heavy -fed heifer, to be 3.5 inches more than for the poorly fed' one, while at maturity the difference 'was only one. inch.. Liberal fee d ng; may affect' type temporarily in that heifers so fed will be heavier and show beefiness of form instead of the angular conformation looked for in the good dairy cow. If, however, the heifer has inherited from her;parehts the factor of heavy milk production she will usually "milk ofd" this additional fat during her first' lactation period and ultimately de - • velop into as good a producer as her. More scantily -fed mate. f Under certain conditions, such as preparing pure-bred stock for sale or oahibition, or when it - is desirable to increase size somewhat, it might pay to feed very heavily on grain, and it must be said that there is no fear of injuring heifers in doing this, for if. the cows are bred right they will lose the 'surplus fat soon after calving. But, in general, the most profitable !course to follow will be an interinedi Harve g the Toter Stump Crop By Gaston ,Farmer. Said a neighbor: to me the other day, the:turnp the more charges required, "I have been plowing and cultivating and i the deeper the holes should • be. he big : crop of stumps on my place This: method -is- effective on all stumps note, and I can't see that regardless of size or kind, when prop - ng at;all—so .I'm go- erly loaded. It is slightly more ex - hem! I have bought pensive than fuse shooting, but is -also blasting machine and less dangerous, more. effective `and them out, as you: did takes less .time and labor. With the inexperienced man, too s, the same neighbor much dynamite is wasted on account ce,- e'effc ctiveness and of improper loading that is, not load- cost of stump, blasting and. I gladly ed' deep -enough or not suffif zciently con - gave hizn my experience.~- •fined For- l7este ttelts the hole- , a >First, he wanted blearing is expensive. I told him "Yes. deep and should: be completely closed Any method of getting rid of stumps with damp soil packed tight after the will cost something. Still more ex 'dynamite is placed. Loaded in this pensive,, however, is the method of Way, the explosion should make very waiting for them torot and thus pro -little noise'and the stump will not be hibiting' the use of improved, machin thrown over the field. When. there is a erg for years, and years—machinery which would pay for itself and the cost of stumping many times over." a , ces to know should seldom be less than four feet w if stump FIRING WITH 2USES. There are two'general methods of blowing stumps with -dynamite'at the present time. One is by firing the charge with fuse and - the other by an electric firing machine. The. first method is most"generally Y used at' present and ,gives the best re - putts when shooting tap -rooted -pine: stumps, where_ one charge of 'dynamite is placed in an augur hole in the centre of the main root. Where these conditions' are found, the fuse mediad of blasting is very satisfactory' and is 'economical, as it cuts off the tap -root below the - plow line' and. splits the, stump into easily -handled pieces. It has"the disadvantage of, labor and. time required to bore the Bole into the loud, sharp explosion, the force'ef: the dynamite is being wasted; .arid when stumps fly all over the field, too much dynamite is being used. - HOW MUCH DOES IT COST? Next, my neighbor wanted to.know' the cost of stump blowing. I told him that depended on the size,,age, and kind of stump and' the nature of the soil. Green ''stumps require more dynamite than old ones; lateral -rooted stumps more than tapieooted ones. It also- requires ° more dynamite to blow a stump in sandy soil than it will in clay' soil, Recently, I kept the -exact cost of ridding, a field -of very large lightwood stumps. The average cost was ninety- two cent's each: The estimated cost of digging them, made by. myself and other farmers, was: $1,50 to $5 each Most pine stumps can be blown for root from twelve to -thirty-six inches, according to the size of the stump. A sati sfactor y'method of boring such holes by machinery has not been de- vised for the average farmer. ,. Still another "method: of loading for fuse shooting is to bore a hole down by the tap -root and place the charge ' - outside the root. This works ;satisfac- torily on small stumps, but on large' ones it is not effectiveb 1 ess, and taking pine stumps as they come the cost will be between forty and sixty cents each. Y Takingall k' . Inds of stumps as they come, t: cost will be still.lower,' In figuring the cost, however, one must remember that blown stumps (especially 'lightwood ones);; have _`'a, fuel -value, while in the'field they are doubly expensive, because they, occupy Valuable `pace; and prevent the use of mechinery., , bee on y. one charge can be fired at a time, The usual effect of such a shot is to; blow the dirt away, leaving the stump split, but intact. A second or third shot will then be necessary; and •with, the ground loose and the stumpsplit, it is next to impossible to confine the charge so as to do a clean job. The electric method consists of plac- ing two or more charges around the stump and firing all at the :fordo time waif h eerin g machine.. The larger The Windmill. The windmill, spinning round and round, Emits a dreary, snarling sound; And so,woulcl you, perchance we'll say, If you should spin around -all day, Potatoes must breather so they must have air or they din. ate one, between the two extremes; on very good pasture, no concentrate;. and at other times, all the clover hay they will consume, with ensilage and rooter when available, and a grain al- lowance of from two to three pounds per animal, per day, according to age., Canadian Lamb in Demand. 1 Canadian lamb has obtained such a reputation on the New York and Bos- ton markets that it is now: a specialty on the menu cards of some of the lead- ing hotels in the big cities of the Eastern States. Mr. II. S. Arkell, Do- minion Live Stock Commissioner., stat- ed recently that the duty has made no: marked difference: as regards demand, as customers had shown a willingness to pay the increased price asked. They Montreal market has established Itself as one of the best lamb markets on. the North .American .continent, and Many` of the best pure-bred rams that laid the foundation of this state of things were from Ontario. Infortitaa tion received by the Live Stock Branch shows that there is a wide -spread de mend ,for high-class•.breeding rams in all parts of the country, due largely to the fact that Cinadian lamb is now recognized as a high class and fashion - Ole product. Mr. Arkell urges sheep breeders to do all they can to improve their stock, not only for the production of a tasty' and, popular, meat, but as well in order to, obtain a more favor, able.,standing in the wool market. The Live Stock Commissioner believes that an optimistic outlook in both branches of the sheep industry is justified. ome .docathon '.:The Chltd's First, School ,Is the Family'"—!'raw!paia Are' You. Dulling Your Child's Sense of Appreciation? By HELEN GREGG GREEN. "Papa Bob;':I heard, little Mi s ; • for taro others for ' and Babel to her grandfather, "there's .a little' Lamb. In less than 'a year each ons bo our lock w e 1 of the expensive carriages was out oI y b ho g. is en y one, contmission; a wheel lost; from ono, toy every Christmas. "Anel, do Yau; the handle roue an hthe t1 b non of er, ho t4 w uan , q i tly, I think its a good' tom atlt of tile. third. thing. Because• Papa when u � , a p Bob,, � h n yo i The. reason for Such carelessness2 get so many you;really don't 'predate: Too many toys! .The children did not l them." Her remark set me thinking.'. appreciate them. If they had, you can l Most . parents dull their children's' . be assured the carriages would ever sense of appreciation and enjoyment; now be as good as new. by .over= indulgence. Isn't it for this,' even vi1' drei Why,. zttlo Mid, herself, a its reason'athat the majority of grown -nes: the gifts aren't appreciated.:; expect too much from life, and axe' I know. one wise little mother, a more or less disappointed, and quite: mother who could, if she were less a little bored if life doesn't come up wise,, fulfill every wish of her small to their expectations? Is it any kind -son and d liter who -e i rul- ness aug , mad... this ru ness to_ teach a, child to expect to xe- ing at, Christmas; one good toy from ceive everything his heart desires? mother, and father; one good toy front. And eventually that will be his atti- grandparents; and all other gifts from tude if we shower him. at, Christmas, the many cousins and little friends tee birthdays, and other limes with all cozn.e from. the Five and Ten, And the toys and clothes wished for.. you should know these children, They Little Mid has two younger sisters:.; are the most appreciative little folks These very interesting children have you could imagine. two "sets" of admiring, indulgent Let us not surfeit our boys and grandparents. One Christmas. Grand girls with too much of this world's! ma. Grace paid twenty; dollars for ,a goods. It may be a lot of fun for us, delI's carriage for the youngest of the but our children will be hagadeir if we N i children, and twenty-four dollars each. do not dull their sense of isaille ation, i SHEEP The ewe lambs': should be separated from the older members of the flock and given special care. On. account of being younger and timid the ewe Iambs, if allowed to run with the ewe flock, will not receive the food they require and consequently fail to ma- ture as rapidly as they should. I find it a good practice to separate the ewe lambs'in the fall and winter, and feed them liberally on muscle and bone -making food. Alfalfa or - clover hay, bean pods and bright corn fodder are excellent roughages, Corn silage is a splendid source ofsucculence and can be fed safely if not too rieh in grain. Roughages alone should not, be de- pended upon for' developing the ewe lambs. I fed a light grain ration, con- sisting of equal parts ` of oats, corn and wheat bran in shallow troughs twice daily—R.; Ontario's Greatest Grain Crop. In 1928 oats were grown more ex- tensively x tenaively in Ontario than' all other grains combined. It is probably safe to say that three-quarters of the oat's which are now grown in this province are of the O.A.C. No. 72 and the Ban- ner varieties. According to extensive experiments and accumulated records at the College Guelph and in 'West- ern,. Eastern and Northern Ontario, the Q.A.C. No. 72 has surpassed the Banner in both quality of grain and, yield of grain per acre. TIie difference:' between these two varieties, if applied to the oat lands of Ontario, would mean millions of dollars annually in finished favor of the O,A.C. No. 72. g P Live Stock Movements in i 1 Ontario. Ontario marketed 297,180 Cattle, 120,505 calves, 694,693 hogs, and 327,- 427 sheep and lambs in 1920; 388,474 cattle, 150,202 calves, 1,003,632 hogs, and 319,407 sheep and lambs in 1921, and 307,500 cattle, 182,427 calves, 1,- 080,270 hogs, and 266,226 sheep and. lambs in 1922. Report No, 8, of the Markets Intelligence Service of the Dominion. Live Stock; Branch, from which these figures are quoted, gives detail of the movements of live stock from every district not.. only in On- tario but in Quebec and in each of the Prairie Provinces in the three years 1920-22. The report suggests among othe °f hillside, several miles away. Bruin e had been there before. He had always gone around by the road, but this day he decided he would take a "short-cut." If he went straight' ; north after turning the bend in the road just beyond. Willie Woodchuck's Province of Ontario. It is apparent, says the report, that considerable over -marketing has occurred, in con- nection with sheep—much of it from the districts where our breeding stock is largely recruited. Relative to Que bec the remark is made in the repor that .,well over 50 per dent. of th cattle, ,calves; and hogs marketed at public:; stock yards in that province a - received from Eastern Ontario.. Protect the Lawn in Winter. During the winter the area whit in summer 'is a lush green carpet in front of the house is often abused. Frequently it Is not only neglected, but maltreated. ;Occupants of the house during sessions of cold weather are prone to remind : themselves that "a straight line is the shortest distance between: two points" and often they economize in distance travelled at the expense of the lawn. things . that the heavy marketing calves in 1922' is likely to cut down th prospective beef supply. • The fact is revealed that,of of the hogs marketed Nell over 60 per cent. went direct t slaughter at Canadian packing plants that practically all the: choice to good cattle marketed are' from th THE CHILDREN'S HOUR BRUIN IS CAUGHT IN A MAN'S Very early in the morning, it was when Bruin and Roily breakfasted. Both were up with the sun, for they had planned a busy day. Roily was going to can some of the nice fresh vegetables from their gar-, den for winter use, and Bruin was go- ing over to Charlie Cottontail's houea • to exchange a bushel of corn for a bushel of wheat ✓ Charlie's home was way over an the TRAP. Hay properly stored for a -long pe- riod of time does not deteriorate'to any marked degree in feeding value. Farm Scales -'-A Good Investment By R. B. The average farmer has' no idea how much he loses each year because he has not a pair of good, reliable scales on the farm. If you feed a number of hogs you should have a pair 'of platform scales+ to weigh them when you commence to feed them, and then by weighing the grain that is fed them' you should' be able to ,tell whether you are feeding at a profit. When you,are ready to deliver to the market it takes, just a few minutes to weigh'your wagon empty and again after' the hogs are loaded, then you are able to tell where you are.. Of course, you must. allow a little for shrinkage. From my own experience I would say that fat hogs My custom weighing at ten cents a draft paid good interest on the invest- ment the first year, and has. every Rushing. on a load of wheat that fell short 500 pounds, and the • other was wool; and still some will say that it does not pay to bother with weighing everything you sell. They are satisfied as long as they see the weighing done, but even this is not always safe. I have in mind a pair of scales that can be thrown short 200 pounds right in front of your eyes and eleven men out of every dozen would not notice it. When I first purchased my scales, my neighbors thought I was just sinking that, much money in the ground un- necessarily, but I have learned to con - eider them a good paying investment.. CUSTOM WEIGHING. t. will-,ahrink""about two pounds- apiece, hauling four :miles. Here in our: neighbo,00d many of the hogs and cattle are sold to the. buyers, who' . cone and buy them at the farm, and unless there is a. pair of rscales the_animals are generally lumped ,off. '" This. is too uncertain.. The 'buyers are buying' all the time and are very likely to make a price thatis more than safe for themselves. Besides there is not the satisfaction in. the deal ;that there is when you can see them` weighed on your own scales. GUESSING THE WEIGTHT. OF HAY. If you.do not feed stock, you sell your hay and grain to.feeders, you: certainly do need a pair of scales. You can not afford to' .guess the weight of a load of. hay. What you vvoald lose, in this way in .a year would usually buy a pair.of good. scales, if you do, much business. If you sell your corn to feeders you are` liable to lose money by guessing' off a crib of corn or by I measuring it. This, as you plainly see, is not a safe -way to do business. 1 The first year I had my scales I got enough more money on two deals to half pay for my scales. ` One deal was n. • year since. I bought a standard•make of five -ton capacity and the scales, 1 timbers for the frame and platform, stone and mason work, cost me about an even $100, including a fifty pound test weight. When 'you buy a- set of scales be house and around the east end of Sleepy Hollow frog pond, he would come directly to Cottontail's house. The road was not quite so good this way. But it would save him about two miles of toting the bag of corn. Waildng along in the morning aun- t shine and fresh air, Bruin was so e happy that he sang as he went. As the sun finally climbed higher In xe. the sky, it became warmer. Bruin sat down to rest and to eat an apple to refresh himself. He was nearing Sleepy Hollow fro h pond, when he stopped suddenly and held his head near the ground. "Sniff, sniff, niff-ff!" Was that the smell of man lila! mother had taught him to fear anct avoid? "Snif, sniff, nif-ff!" "No, it couldn't be, away out here," Bruin thought to himself. He had only gone a little way when a saucy wood- pecker chatting gaily up in a big tree attracted his attention. Without. stop- ping he looked up to see hire. Suddenly he yowled. "Ouchie ow, Oh, my I me! My foot, oh, my foot!" Was it another swarm of bees, he wondered. He tried to °run, but could not. The more he tried, the more his, foot hurt. Something held him fast. He coup not move. What could it be? With his free foot, he poked away the leaves to find his foot held securely in iron jaws so sharp they pierced his flesh/. and blood trickled down over his toes He was held in a man's trap, and try as he might he could not get away. Hearing his groans, a little stranger, Squirrel came to help him, but he was too small to do anything. Bruin'sent him right* away with a message fob help to Roily Rabbit. A well -beaten path made across the lawn in winter will probably, work permanent damage. The grass may be killed and the soil so compacted that grass seed sown thereon the next sea- son will not thrive. Such" a path will generally be obvious for a number of years. - A "cow path" is distinctly an. unattractive feature on a lawn. The awn sign of summer, "Keep "off the paths that -are making," may well be heeded throughout the year, Another sin against a lawn is to flood it for the purpose of malting a skating rink. 'A body of ice over.the lawn in winter is ahnost certain to completely kill the grass. The grass will not tolerate for . a long time , a covering which precludes movement of air. Young -lawns should have a covering of snow. A wind-swept lawn, blown free of snow in winter, is likely to lose much o_ f, its r young clover. Brush spread about tends to deflect the wind and holds the snow. sure to get a test weight.-. Then if you keep the scales tested, they will be as standard as any, and you need not take a back seat for short weight. A pound is a pound, and you areentitled to ft. When you get ready to buy a set of scales do not let a few .dollars differ- ence in the price stand in the way and lead you to buy inferior scales. If you are buying a set orwagon scales for a lifetime, which you are, get a set that will stand up, and one that you can stand behind, and be sure that the weights are correct. When you set your, scales put them where they are handy to use; : don't put them in a corner where no one can get . to then.' Have them handy to. drive onto, and collect ten cents for all custom ^weighing. Y. . rf e ray t<�a k pei �)S • 14111.:��lf�7 teaecriell "What would you charge for, a life=slzo paint?"—From the laindoz~,Mai . miniatui e ol. me if 1 supply the Keeping Egg and Poultry Accounts The Dominion Poultry Husbandman, Mr. P. 0. Elford, reports that many 'requests.; continue to be received by his division of the Dominion Experimental. Farms, Ottawa, for the monthly egg andpoultry account forms for the use of poultrymen.; This, he points out,: indicates their usefulness to those who desire to know more of ' the profit- making capabilities in theiroultz• P Y. flocks. Where accounts of the revenue and expenditure are properly kept, they indicate that the .profits from the industry` compare favorably with the praflts from any other branch of farm- ing, Asa rule; where 'a sample, system is followed such as that provided by the forms referred to, the progress of the business may be ascertained at any time and a fairly accurate balance sheet can be drawn up annually. The forms are available to poultry keepers tri request. The s$mach of the young animal is not sufficiently developed to assimilate' bulky, fibrous foods. Capacity to do. this comes slowly, but can be encour- aged by starting lightly on grass, hay or. other :materials which ars easily digested. Soft Bacon. Experimental work at the Ontario, Agricultural College has proven that soft bacon comes from pigs that have been fed heavily during early life an fattening feeds while enclosed in pens or yards so small as to revent pro, P per exercise to the animals. O.A.C. experiments have also proven that pigs grown to 125 pounds weight on `. mixed feeds well balanced with skim milk (2z/e pounds milk to 1 pound of meal) or tankage up to 10 per cent,` in the ration may be finished on corn or barleyand still Produce a firm, high quality product. Dairy by-products tend to offset the trouble arising from lack of exercise, but bath exercise and skim milk are better than either alone,,. e : Fox Farms in Canada. There are 977 fox farms hi Canada valued at e7,649,877, Of these 434 valued at $8,692,509 are in Prince Ede ward Island, 107 -valued at $474,047 in Nova Scotia, 86 valued at $839,705 in New 13runseviche 146 valued at $773e 324 in Quebec, 120 valued A $765,115 in Ontario, 19 valued at S654,510 in Manitoba, 4 valued at $91,825 in Sas- katchewan, 24 valued at $1.33,982 Alberta, 21 valued at $122.850 in Bri- tish Columbia, and le Yelled at $1,02i. 060 in Yukon Territorets