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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Exeter Advocate, 1923-11-22, Page 71 '11 _ - ' - Address communications to Agronornisi, ea Adelaide St. West, Toronto CULLING THE FLOCK AND completely with the plow. The great FLUSHING BREEDING point to keep hinnind is that no stalks, , EWES. pieces of stalks or even cobs should bel The culling and flushing of the left above ground in the field or 'along breeding ewes are two essential face! fences or in the barn or the barnyard tors in profitable sheep husbandry. 19r anYwhere else; moreover, all learn - By culling, we mean that during the ing or plowing must be completed by taely daYs e., September one should the end of May, for otherwise the go carefully through the flock and : borers will change into moth, s fly all , take out all non -producing ewes, around and lay their eggs. (The poor milkers made evident by a poor Pu()Ills aPPear in June and JulY). unmarketabl 1 d 11 haPlowing down of the stabble and e amb , an a ewes v- 1 Mg defective or broken mouths. i . other corn renmants plays a great th • I to be effective, what is plowed under eost of production and decreasing the profits from the flock. !must not be dragged up again when ' cultivating the field, but must be left From data collected over a periodburied of three years at the Experimental , for if they are dragged up Farm, Nappan, we found that the many borers will escape destruction. • T. K. DOHERTY It is 'th part in the control of the borers, but of Ottawa, Canadian Commissioner of IXI p average cost of maintaining a breed- . lin a field in Elgin County where much tbe World xaarkets this year, twice ing ewe properly was $10.02 and the cx tne plowed sd stubble was dragge up n tiie export predicted far the Tenited average value of a grade Iamb ready by a toothed cultivator. In this field States. fox, xriarket was $7.20. From these over 10,000 living boreeen left covered re were founc1.1 — If figures one can easily estimate the corn is fed clueing the winter months the stubble had b loss from every non-producer—onealmost everborer would protein rich feed should be fed y have per.: some means a loss of $17.22 and three such, balance the ration. ished. Henethe cultivation of the to ewes mean a loss of $51.66. In other, d Feeds not mentioned in the above field should not be done with a toothe words, it will take from two to seven rations may he used, but those out - implement, but with a disc, and a disc lambs to cover the cost of maintain -i lined may be safely taken as a guide g drill, if possible, used M sowing. ing from one to three non-productive in the making up of the ration. I Should, however, some of the stubble ewes. I be brought up it will pay well, and The good ewe will produce a lamb DAIRY wilI not take much time to pick and ready for the early rnarkets of July: burnit. The milk stool should not be used and August, while the poor milkern The as fl, currycomb. yields a lamb late for market and plowing should be done with a wide -furrow plow and should be to a Then- 300 -pound cows will give yout contmued, Then, too, my cupboard is unsightly in the flock and the non -:depth of at least six inchesIt may six times the profit that twenty 150- empty. I must go in search of food, . producer is a dead loss. Then there be done either in the fall or the spring pound cows will return. and I may as well search for a new is the ewe that is off-type—she should but if in the fall the earlierte better. Put your best effort in the first two home." . • be culled out of the flock and thus; I Often the stubble cannot be covered years of a cow's life, After that your With a last look at the hillside lhat raise the standard of your breed. In , completely unless it is first rolled or reward will come. bad been his home so long, he ambled the case of pure-bred flock, this Not only does milk build up good ig disced, or both rolled and disced, or off through the Big Woods. He did very essential to -day. The breeder : in some cases unless a split log brain development in the consumer not stop to pack his suitcase or leek d this • the International Institute of Agri- culture, who predicted that Canada will control- the world market for wheat this winter. He indicated that Canada would probably ship three hundred million bushels of grain to THE CHILDREN'S HOUR BRUIN ,SEARCHES FOR A NEW HOME. , sunny. Little rays of early morning sunshine danced around the door of a big bear's home out in the Big Woods. Let us call this big bear Bruin, foh that was the name by which, he's known to his woodland friends. Bruin's home was a leafy shelter on a hillside of this Big Woods and our story begins just as he was getting up on this fine morning. As Bruin thrust his head through the door, he blinked, rubbed bis eyes, and stepped outside. "Oh, what a fine morning," he said, stretching himself and yawning as lie did so. "I had a splendid steal) last na ingTahht.hehis hair was combed for the day. he shook himself vigorously (Boys, don't you wish you were both- ered no more with combing your hair than was Bruin?) 1 This hillside had been Bruin's home since he could remember. But on this particular morning he• seemed to feel differently.about it. His home did not hold him as it had before. He wanted to leave, to get away and see what the outside world was like. To himeelf and the brightly smiling sun he said, "I wonder what is over yonder mountains? I never have been half that far from home." After thinking a few minutes, hel SUNDAY SCROOL LESSON NOVEMBER 25 Christians Called to Be Missionaries --John * -18i Matt The day -Was beginning bright and , . • • e-. * 28: 16-20; Acts 1: 6-8. • Golden Text—Go ye tnere- fore, and teach all nations.—Matt. 28: 19. who has the right breed type and aor leveller is run over it to break it but the dairy business needs such his door. But started right in the uniform flock will have no difficulty n up or loosen or pull it apart This is trains to carry it on. Nature, appar- direction of the Big Mountain. • in disposing of his surplus breeding especially true when the corn has ently, tries to care for her own needs. The shadows had not shortened very stock at good prices. Take the time; been planted in hills or has been cut The thing that compels us to cry naich when he became hungry. "What to cull the flock—it will pay. you.ihigh or broen down by storms"dairying" so hard is not so much am 1 to h' 1) f.kf 9" 1 k. Before the breeding season, all In the parts of the county where ewes selected for breeding purposes , the borers are namerous it will be should have a short rest in order that advisable for a time to grow dent they may maintain their vitality and , corn instead of flint, because it is vigor; this is essential if they are stouter and so . withstands attacks expected to give a profitable lamb better. crop. March and April lambs should It will also help greatly in such be weaned during the last week of places if a trap crop of flint—for ex - August and not later than the first ample, Smutnose—consisting of about week in September. The lambs to be; a dozen rows is planted about the mid - retained or sold as breeders should be dle of May and the planting of the ANik put on after -feed and given a little' main crop postponed until June 1st grain so as to develop into strong! t or as late as possible without running vigorous stock. The undesirable, any risk. The moths then will lay lambs and cull ewes should be put on their eggs chiefly on the early corn the market as soon as they are fit. and leave the main crop largely unin- The breeding ewes should be put fested. The trap rows should be cut in a good thriving. condition before low in August and fed to the cattle el' mating -time. One of the most mon- 'arid the borers present thus destroyed. malice' methods of doing this is to have The above measures involve only a a field of rape ready for the middle small amount of extra work for any of September on which the breeding farmer. The crop is well worth this ewes can be pastured for from four and therefore we hope that each farm - to six weeks before the ram is turned er will gladly do his part and encour- in with them. The rape is ready for age his neighbor to do likewise. Now use about the time the bottom leaves that control measures have been dis- and tips of the upper leaves turn covered and made possible the prob- yellow. There is little danger from lem of saving the industry lies with bloating when fed on this. Failing the farmers themselves, no govern - a field of rape, aood clover aftermath ment can do it for them. makes a splendid crop on which to flush the ewe. Care of course is nec- essary at the start to prevent bloat- ing; the clover ehould be dry and the ewes allowed on it only one or two hours at the beginning; otherwise there is danger of loss. The two main factors governing the profits from the flock are (1) demand and supply; (2) economy of produc- tion. The breeders individually can- not control the former but by a sys-e ternatic method of breeding, feeding: and weeding, the latter can be influ- enced to a very great extent. HOW TO CONTROL THE BORER. The methods of control are simple, inexpensive and not contrary to good farm practices, so says Prof. L. Caesar of the Department of Entom- ology, Ontario Agricultural College. To get a clear idea of them it is nec- essary to keep in mind that the borers Winter over and remain until the end of May in any part of the corn plant above ground large enough to conceal! them; hence they will be found in the ' stalks stubble, cobs or any remnants of the crop left in the field or else- where. They will also be to some esea tent in stout weeds growing among the corn. Control measures, therefore 1 consist mainly in so treating these that the borers will, be destroyed. If there is a silo this is easy for all that is necessary then is to cut the crop low, ensile it, plow the sfubbW under conipletely and not drag it up again when cultivating. The cutting knives and fermentation kill all the borers that go into the silo and the plowing destroys all left in the field, provided everything is kept beneath the surface. If there is no silo, or if the silo will not hold all the corn, the task is some- times, a little harder. In such cases the field must of course be thoroug,hly plowed after the crop has been remov- ed, In addition some method must be practiced of disposing of the stalks and ears or cobs. The best is to run all of them through a cutting -box or shredder, feed the cattle all they will eat, throw the. remainder into the manure and haul this out and plow it under before th2. end of May. If for any reason the stalks are fedi whole the uneaten portion should not . be thrown out into the manure but should be kept separate and drawn I out and burned, It is better to burn! the remnants than to plow them 1 under, because it is hard to COVer them! STANDARD RATIONS FOR BREEDING SOWS. Nursing for a 450-1b. sow: Oats and barley, equal parts7 lbs. Middlings 3 lbs. Skimmilk 22 lbs. Roots 7 les. This is a ration when the pigs are young. Increase to 15 pounds of grain as the litter grows older. Corn or buckwheat might be used as one- quarter of the ration in place of bar- ley. Whey, tankage, or oil cake could take the place of skirrunilk. In sum- mer, green clover, alfalfa, peas and oats, or rape would largely take the place of skirnmilk and roots. • .- - Per 100 lbs. Dry: •• live wght. Equal Parts barley and oats....1 lb. Whey ' . . 4 lies. Or skim milk 2 lbs. Or shorts or middlings 1-3 grain ration Roots • lb. Cured alfalfa or red clover hay. All they will eat in winter. In summer 2 lbs. grain mixture per sow per dale, when oa pasture of clover, pea a and oats, or rape. • . 4 bushels charcoal or hardwood ashes 8 pounds salt 2 quarts air -slaked lime 1 pound sulphur A small quantity of bone meal may be added to the above. In feeding breeding sows the main factor to be kept in mind is that at all times they should be kept in as healthy and thrifty a condition as possible. -Under-fed sows do not pro- duce or rear strong, thrifty litters.' Over -fed sOws-do not search for any feed and consequently do not take much needed exercise. In winter months some palatable roughage in small quantities should be fed to give t. little bulk to the ra-I tion. Where well -cured alfalfa or red clover hay are available either ailswers the purpose very well. Roots are of special value to the brood:sow in winter as is pasture in the summer. Where skim milk is not available. tankage is a fair substitute for the nursing sow. Where green alfalfa, or red clover,_or peas and oats, Or rape are available durieg the summer months, skimmilk and other protein rich feeds are not so essential. Where "Some the economical production of human thought. bread and honey would suit me best of all, but -where food, but, more particularly, because dairy products are so o essential to the will I find the honey?" best development of the human organism. The shortest way for the dairyxnan to increase his bank account is to join a good cow -testing association. The pedigree that appeals strong- est to the average farmer is the pedi- gree of performance. Remember that good breeding re- quires corresponding good care. The scrub cow shivers when she sees the scales and Babcock tester. Give 'the Scrubs the plank. Keep chummy with the butcher so long as you have 'non-profitable cows in the herd. It is fatal to the dairy business to fall in love with a scrub dow. Care of Spray Machinery. The winter care of spray machinery is very important. Good orchardists know that as soon as the last spray- ing is finished in the summer the spray machinery should be thoroughly cleaned out with enough lear, water run through to clean thoroughly all hose'spray rods, nozzles and pumps. All drain plugs of engine cylinders, radiators, etc., should be removed 'to allow complete water drainage to pre- vent freezing. The winter time is a good time to overhaul the pump. It should be re- packed, tightened and thoroughly oiled so that no delay will be caused by sticking valves or pistons when it is He had gone but a few steps when a drowsy "Buzz, buzz, buzz" told him' a story he remembered right well. Only -last winter his mother had , taught him how to gather the honey which the bee stores in trees for win- ter use. The taste for that sweet still lingered. "I'll get some," he thought, and withl that he began searching for the bee's home. Climbing the tree he found the door to it near the first branch. It -was winter time when his mother had shown him how to gather the honey freerv a bee tree, but this he forgot. Carefully he put his paw as far down into the hole in the tree as he could reach, just as he remembered her hav- ing done. Down, down he pushed his paw, but could reach nothing. Then all of a sudden he felt a piercing pain in it. "Gr-r-gruf-gruf-gur-wh-h-whou!" he exclaimed, pulling his paw out so quickly that he scratched it against the tree. To his surprise and pain, instead of seeing it covered with honey, it was covered with bees. It felt to him as if eg,ch bee was sending long needles down deep into his flesh. He howled with pain as he hurriedly hobbled down the tree on but three feet. "Owliew! What shall I do?" he growled as he brushed furiously at the bees. But the more he brushed the more saucy they became. Lgasoer sereme—In the lesson for to -day we see that it is God's clear and expressed will that his followers continue the ministry of their Master, and that the world is the field of that ministry. Christ is the gift of God to the race. The Church has a divine mission to fulfil and this mission is imposed apon the Church by Christ, in words of unchangeable authority and unmistakable clearness. 1. THE GREAT EXA7M:1PLE8,.—CHRIST, JOHN 1 John 17; 18. As thou hast sent me. This verse is part of the intercessory prayer of Jesus. He prays for him- self, for his disciples, for those who shall afterwards believe in his name. In his prayer for himself he gives thanks that he has fulfilled the work which he was sent to do. His work was to make God known to men and to speak to them the words of 'God. In v. 18 he passes to his disciples. He fit reaff:rnis that he had by God to the world on a definite mis- sion. So have 1 -,'so ,ent them. As the Father has Sen t the Son, so also has the Son sent his disciples into the world, This verse gives first to the missionary precedent for the disciples of Christ They one sent as Christ was sent. Second, it gives the mis- sionary authority. They are sent by Christ as Christ is sent b • God. Third, , it gives the missionary field. They are lsent into the world as Christ was sent into the world. In the previous verse Ihe prays that they may be equipped for their task by the sanctifying of theIL rTilII; GREAT FIELD,—THE Won% MATT, 28; 16-20, Vs. 16, 17. The eleven disciples went away into Galilee. in v. 10 Jesus gave commandment to the women to whom he appeared, that they shoidd tell the brethren to go into Galilee !where they would see him. Into a mountain. The hill is not known. Some think of the Mount of Trans- figuration, others of the hill where the Sermon on the Mount was deliver- ed. It would doubtless be gome well known haunt where they had met often before. And so Jesus did not mention the place specifically to the women. Where Jesus had appointed them; where Jesus, through the wo- men, had appointed a meeting. They worshipped . . some doubted. Some are so fully persuaded of the resur- rection that they give to Christ the worship due to him. Others are be- wildered with the wonder of it all. But they love even if they do not worship. Vs. 18, 19. All power is given unto me. Jesus now proceede to give his last and great commission to his fol- lowers. The giving of the commission is based on the power and authority of him who gives it. It is an em- powered and authoritative commis- sion. Christ is supreme in heaven and earth. Christ is not the convey- ing channel of power. He is the orig- inating fountain. Go . . teach all na- tions . . baptizing them. To teach means "make disciples of." In the name; rather, into the name of the Father. Baptism is a symbol of the forgiveness of sins. It is also a seal of the fellowship with Father, Son and Holy Spirit into which the disciple is received. Vs. 20. Teaching them to observe . . whatsoever I have commanded., The teaching of Jesus is to be the content of all their gospel. Jesus is the final revelation as he is the final, authority. I am with you al -way. . I unto the end. The disciples go. The; Master goes with them always and everywhere. This is a commission with promise as well as program, with companionship as well as authority. These words have been well called the marching orders of Christianity. World-wide evangelization has been thrust upon the Church as a para- mount duty, by Christ. necessary to start spraying again. "Help, help. Oh, please help me," Hoops •around the spray tank should he begged as the bees grew in numbers be tightened up well and the inside of and seemed to come at him from every the tank should be painted to prevent drying. The urgent necessity of spraying which sometimes develops requires that the spray machinery be kept in the best of order if crop -values are not to be decreased. siae. Phrei under the leaves in the cherry orchard, for the leaves are the chief source of infection of cherry leaf -spot disease which causes cherry leaves to fall in early summer. Ditching With Dynamite BY GASTON FARMER Late in fall or early in winter, I do this, holes were placed thirty inches farmers everywhere begin to think apart and three feet deep, each being about land clearing and drainage. One loaded with three sticks of 40 per of the most important of these prob- cent dynamite. The charges were fired lems is ditching—a job that is costly electrically, and the result was a ditch and disagreeable to do by handfour feet deep and seven feet wide, But most of the difficult ditching at a cost of forty-five cents a lineal jobs can be done with dynamite at a yaz d. cost which is even more economical' In another section of the swamp than ditching by hindwh there heavi undergrowth, There are two methods of ditching a thirty-foot section of ditch was with dynamite. They are called the blasted. The charges were placed propagated and the eleetric methodsfour feet deep and thirty inches apart The propagated method is vcrhere a four sticks of 40 per cent, dylearnite line of holes, eighteen tothirty inches in each hole. In this section there apart, is leaded with straight bo or were four gum trees ranging from six 60 per cent -dynamite and fired at one to eighteen inches in diameter. apecial time. That is, by firing one'hole, the charges were placed under the largest' shock is carried on down the line. This and the whole section fired with a method can only be used in wet soil blasting machine. The result was a where tha dynamite is loaded under i clear ditch eight feet wide and five, water, the water Carrying •the shock feet deep at a cost of seventy-nine; waves from bele to hole in sufficient' cents a lineal yard. The trees and force to set off the chargesundergrowth were no hindrance to the: ELECTRIC FIRING METHOD. explosive. They had to be cleared from the channel, however. I The electric method may be used There are millions of acres of land under any condition. It consists of in Canada 'which could be drained ef- loading each hole with electric caps fectively and economically by dyna-1 which are connected and fired by a anite. Natural stream channels can. blasting machine, the length of the easily be deepened, widened, and section shot being limited by the ca- straightened in this way, where labor -1 pacity of the blasting machine in use. -ems will not work In fact, the worst mand to the disciples that they should not depart from Jerusalem, but wait forthe promised gilt of the Holy Spirit. It was this gift that would enable the disciples to fulfil the great tom:desk:1n entrusted to them. In ac- cordance with that command they are met together. Wilt thou at this time restore? This question shows that the minds of the disciples were still pos- sessed by the idea of a temporal king- dom. It is not for you to know the time, It was a natural question to ask. It was the question, of human curiosity that desires to eenetrate the veil of the future. But Jesus turns the question aside. The great Issues of the future are in the keeping of God. They are his concern. Vs. 8, 9. But ye shall receive power. The disciples desire information of the future, Jesus says that they shall receive inspiration for the present. Ye shall be wi witnesses. This s the su- preme duty of the disciple. He points to some one else. In Jerusalem . . and . . Judaea. Up to the death of Stephen this was the sphere of wit- nessing. In Samaria. This marks a step. Philip was the first to go there, Acts -8: 5. The uttermost part of the earth.. It was Paul who blazed the world trail for the gospel. APPLICATION. The Mission of Christ and the Christian Are Similar, John 17: 18. As thou has sent me into the world, even so—have I also sent them into the world. Ile was able to do that which no followers could hope to attempt, but there was nevertheless a similar- ity of purpose and equipment. The Mission of AU Disciples to Dis- ciple All the Nations Matt. 28: 16-20 The eleven, plus upwards of five hun- dred who met at an appointed moun- tain where perhaps the Sermon on the Mount had been preached, now re- ceived their missionary instructions The kingdom of this world which was , Jehovah's by right, was handed on to nthe only begotten Son who had risen from the dead in triumph. That king-. dem must be won, however, at the point of the sword of the spirit, which is the word of God. The disciples were to be the soldiers of the cross. In this great movement for world evangeli- zation, they were to do four things. 1. Teach the gospel of the kingdom. , Superstition and error were to be roll- ' ed away and the true conception of God set forth like the clear shining of the sun after rain. What men and women think about God will color all , their lives. ° 2. Baptise in the name of the triune ' God. An idea sometimes obtains that Jesus did not greatly care about the Church, and was wholly preoccupied with the gospel. This does not tally exactly with his great saying, I will build my church and the gates of hades shall not prevail against it. An unorganized discipleship could never survive the persecutions and contro- versies of the early Church. Organ- ization, though not iron -clad in its de- tails, was a part of Christ's plan from the first. 3. Training the world to observe the commandments of Christ. Christianity was not to make obsolete the Ten Commandments. Our Lord absorbed what was eternal in the law, and cre- ated some new commandments, all of which may be summed up under three beads. Follow me, love the brethren, disciple the nations. He came to earth with a glorious ethic about which he was profoundly concerned. "If ye love me, keep my commandments." 4. They were to lean for inspiration upon him who would be with them al- ways, even unto the end of the ages. Jesus the missionary is still in the midst of all his followers. Here is one of Browning's shouts: "Shakes- peare was of us, Milton was fer us, Burns, Shelly. were with us,—they watch from their graves." We know a shout worth ten of that. He ever liveth and watched from his throne,— not a grave, and we are co-workers with him. We are to watch vehich way he is going, down through pos- terity, and we are to move -things out of the way for him. A voice still cries out of the wilderness, "Prepare ye the way of the Lord." 1n. THE GREAT ENDOWMENT, --POWER, ACTS 1: 6-8. Vs. 6, 7. When they . . were COMC together. Jesus has showed himself ahve after his passion by rnany 'proofs, and had given cone - POULTRY Professor Graham, of Guelph, states that the average farmer can keep seventy-five hens on the farm waste. Above that number each hen requires about as much feed and care as. the hens in the flock of the connnercial poultryman. The great problem of the poultryman is renewing the flock. For the early hatches it usually takes six eggs for the incubator for every 11 • • I Feed is Dot all there is to egg pro- duction as this example proves. Two cows, poesibly a Jersey•and a Short- horn, are both eating the same June grass, but one will produce milk. while the other is producing beef. In feed- ing for eggs a variety of protein is just as desira.ble as a variety of . . • • gleans. vane y o greens ecom- mended rather than using one kind. exclusively. Professor Graham ob- serves that hens often go for green feed in the morning the instant they leave the roost and so advises a little green feed for breakfast when the hens are confined in bad weather. They like it three times per day and it is good for their health and for egg production. Plenty of green feen has helped pre- vent the bleaching of the legs in the heavy -laying hens. This may indicate that the hen that bleaches before lay- ing many eggs /bay be out of condi- tion, due to a lack of green feed in ber ration: "According to their expeei- i ' The cost of some of the dynamite conditions for hand labor are usually ditching done on my farm will per- the best for dynamite. In one place, haps be interestingIt was desirable I recently saw a sand bar eemoved by to have a canal through 1,000 yards of I dynamite and the fall of the creek ewamp in one section of the place. To 'increased twelve inches at that point. ments, the early hatched pullets which lay early and take a rest will produce strong hatchable eggs. Unrefined cod liver oil, or raw cod liver oil, is the kind that contains the vitamines which are good for chicks. The refilled oil is not so good. Infer- tile eggs tested from incubators are good for chicks. They can be fed raw if the hens are tested for white diarr- hoea, but otherwise should be boiled. In feeding chicks they have found A mash made of three quarts of yellow cornmeal and one quart of low-grade flour will not cause diarrhoea. The yellow is better than the white corn- meal. They have had good results using calmed tomatoes for chicks every day and giving no scratch feed for the first six weeks'. Both milk and water are given after the first week. All the milk is fed sour. Medical ad- vice says that the chicks cannot handle milk sugar. In an experiment where tomatoes were given to the old breeding birds, it was found to increase the hatch- ability of the eggs.—R. It is occasionally aecessary to give animals physics. Give horse or cow one to two pins of raw linseed oil, or twelve to sixteen ounces of Epsom or Glauber salt in three pints of tepid water sweetened with molasses. Sheep take four to six ounces of these medi- cines, hogs two to four ounces. Castor oil is best for young animals, Dose is one to four tablespoonfuls. --Dr. A. S. Alexander.