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The Exeter Times-Advocate, 1925-6-25, Page 2Au4tomca Ii AID TO SAFETY IN F Abouta year •and half age, theautomotive tvurld was quite excited about the matter of brakes and much talk was being devoted to the four- wheel brake innovation, 'It was sup- posed to represent a big advance in the amount of control a driver might have over his ear. It was calculated that this ^new feature would toad to Ieseen accidents and prevent injuries, +in the light of the, tested experience of the motoring multiudos who have used these four-wheel brakes • during the last season, can; they be consider. ed in general as a standard .and gen- erally accepted ofeature of the better grade of cars?e Probably, the chief question has been as to whether brakes could be operat- ed on the front wheels without seri- ously interfering with freedom in, ateering. To assure safety in sieer-. ing; thefront wheels are inclined in -e ward and under -graduated, and the steering knuckle pins are set -.et such' an angle that they point directly at the spot where the tires 'tough the" ground, This eliminates the tendency to change the direction of the wheel —a tendenoy that would otherwise Witt if one brake should hold more than another. Equalizingbare or cables similar to those used when only two brakes were employed and a equalizer between the andar front re vexes o£' brakes are. desib ed to "equal- ita the 'braking P.ower. ArrnIt1A.TION. o:` BRAKES. It is erecognized that in turningcor- ners the out$ide front wheel _revolves faster than the inside one. Therefore, If _thebrakes are applied equally the outside wheel naturally would trans- mit more 'of the braking power than the other. To overcome this difficulty some brakes ."ere so designed that the brake on the outside ','rent wheel will not operate it the brakes are applied when turning the corner, To facilitate the operation of the four wheel brakes some makers have installed planetary gearing attached to the brake pedal. This is designed so that it will give quick action to take up lost motion in the linkage and in- crease the leverage when the brake shoes contact'with the erums. There is little doubt that four-wheel brakes enable a car to stop more quickly, Tests have proved that a car going at -twenty miles an hour with two brakes .could be stopped within thirty feet, and . with four brakes an within twelve feet, d that similar rreu-Its could be secured when greater speeds were used.. A car running along at a certain speed has a certain ailment of energy stored in, it. This car going down a hill' has the amount 'of energy filmes- "MR WHEEL BI.AIfES, - �d:,' To bring tine car tri n standstill it is necessary to absorb that eil•ery. The way to do this is to turn it into heat at the brakes, With two brakes the car has a certain area of surface °through which heat is absorbed by at- mosphere. It has been shown that by usiniS four brakes the area of radia- tion is doubled, with the consequence that the brakes'do not heat up and burn the lining. This also allows the driver to increase his gleed. Yet he is not likely to burn cut his brakes and he has a -greater margin of brak- ing safety. GAUsit OF sielonned. The cause of skidding is the tend- easy fol a. car in motion to .keep on moving in the same direction and at the sante speed. To stop a car one must depend, upon the traction of the tires with the road surface. As soon ae'the braking force is greater than the traction the tire slides over the. ground, causing a skid, One of the things . that controls the amount of traction is the weight of the car. The heavier the One of'the most picturesque and novel 'photos of Wembley Is sli.awn,a ove. It was taken when their i•2aes- ties attended the Thanksgiving service and ‘showsthe g ol;Pric.al precession marching aca�o..s .the °arena. Prairie Trees. Tests made at the Poyest Nursery weight Bolding the ear Stations of the Forestry Branch of the to the ground the greater will be the i)epertment of the Interior. show that, tractive force.. With two brakes . an hardy conifers melt as spruce, lodge - the rear wheels only one-half of the pole pine, jack pine anti Scotch pine are Weight of the car is "utilized; as the particularly suited for prairie planting other half of the car bears on the and, thrive under 'adverse conditions, trent wheels.' -.Therefore it has be These • trees are now being widele came recognized that brakes on "four planted throughout the Prairie Pro wheals double the .tractive effort em- vines: tyley ed in braking and halve the lia- bility bility of skidding. Various tests have also shown that contrary to thee general opinion a year a;o brakes on the front as well as rear wheels' assist'a car in turning a corner. The tendency for a car in motion is to travel in a straight line. When the brakes are applied to the. rear wheels only there is a tendency for the rear wheels to lose traction end skid because the centre of gravity is located midway between the front and rear axles. By dividing the brak- ing effort between the front and rear wheels this tendency is .mi'nirnized. This condition , is made still ' better when the outside front brake is re- leased and the inside if brake is applied strongly, as to the case of some brakes, because the car tendsto turn around its oven centre and ' in the direction of the corner to be~ ne- gotiated. If the outside rear brake could be released this would still fur- ther benefit the situation. Ae a result of more than a"year of general usage the couelusion is that four-wheel brakes seem to be growing increasingly popular. The experience. of motorists during the last year has gone a long way toward. demonstrating that they represent a _permanent asset to 'motordom. The Locus In Quo. Native—"Lash week the boys hung our mayor in effigy:" Tourist—"Sol Where is Effigy?" Notes About Noses. One of the purposes of the nose is to raise the temperature and hirnidity of inhaled air before it enters the lungs. The colder and drier the 'air, the greater the need for this function, so that in a race which has -lived long in a •cold, dry environment the nasal passages become long, and the nese high and narrow. After migration a of en- from onetYp vironment to the other the adjustment is not immediate, but takes many gen- erations. ener'ations. Thug, the high, narrow noses of the dominant castes in India indicate that the latter are compara- tively recent immigrants from the. north. Fossil yskulls found in Europe lat - Cate very high, narrow noses during the Ice Age, gY g raduall becoming short - ter and ,broader aseyie climate ire- proved. reproved. • Saving Siva. Birds,- Thanks to the intervention of human. beings, the fierce fight between sea birds and rats for supremacy on Ailsa Craig, the rocky islet at the entrance to the Firth of Clyde has ended in the rout of the rodents. For ages Aliso Craig has been one of the two great British -places for tens of thousands of sea birds. But about, thirty years ago a few rats, swimming. ashore from a wreck in the vicinity, established themselves ou the island, and multiplied at suck a rate that they soon swarmed over the whole rock. As the rats prospered the sea birds disappeared and in 1924 very few could be seen.. Last December the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds contracted. with a certain firm to exterminate the rate, and poison was used so effective- ly that it is impossible to estimate the number of rats destroyed. The cost of the campaign was about £160; and Ailsa Craig is now restored to its old position as a sanctuary for sea birds. Crossing Sea by Train. • A through s aerviee from om Londoe.to Parte without changing cars or alight- ing from the train will become effec- tive •shortly, when huge ferryboats car- rying trains'°are put intocommission between Dover and Calais.. Sharp Answers. Many a sharp answer is made' in blunt language. Moths Use Their Noses. " Moths Can stilet], scientists have as certained. The'CoastClear. he Was Little Janet, home from 'school un- usually early, rang the doorbell, but no one answered. She raiig'a second and a third time but still in vain, Then a brilliant idea struck her; She flattened her nose against the windowpane and in a shrill voice that must' have reached the ears •of every neighbor, called out, "It's all right, they I'm not the entailment man!" MO , What•. Your Eyes Tell.:' .a. We age told that the eyes of the in- tei ectual'man? are gray; and it is a fact that most men of genius . ita,ve "gray eyes.' Brown eyes are said to express .temperament rather •.than °intellect: Although browaa-eyes flash with an- • ger, •light up with joy, :and change. switt1y with jealousy. blue and gray den -express res re t r sadness. •` eyes i s , y p ,g ry e Green and black eye's ere supitoeed to be the most -ricked. BeckrSbarp's green eyes played an important part in her various conquests. • The vamp,"- in modern flctionAustial- ly possesses'' flashing eyes of either green or black Actually, there are mg' blank eyes; dark .brown or dark gray `eyes have tfie appearance of being black in certain lights. D PUZZLE ©'CH[ ,NTERNArION k'S.Y�ptC Tt. SUGGESTIONS FOR SOLVING CROSS -WORD PUZZLES Start out by filling in the words of which you. feel reasonably sure. These will give you a clue to other words crossing them, and they in turn to still others. A letter belongs in each white .-o space, words starting at the numberedsquares and runningeither horizontally or vertically or both. - HORIZONTAL 1 --Prayers " ' remove the husk 9 -Breathes out a 11—Recline • 12 -Land measure of 100 s • meters . 13--A bench 16—A salute 18—An age 20 --Continued in an ;neatIvl state '22—For sham* 23 -Reared 24 --To bar 26—Akind of cloth ' 27=Discloses 28—Wild creature. S0—Laud shouts • 83 --To impel -••• 34—A basic industry (abbr.) 36 --Narrative 87 --Suffix same as "In" 38 -Slumber 40 -Coloring matter l ul 4 1 .arrcv+, 42—sheltered condition -44—lyuneral songs 46--Dest 4 Craw( quare VERTICAL 2.. Fish without ventral fibs 3�Central' line 4-••-A` bundle —A drudge 6—Man of courage` 7—To utilize' • S—A fruit 10 -Rank 14 -Oriental 15 -Sagacity 17—Pedigree 12—To do wrong 19—In royal manner 21—The Scandinavian languaptl 23—Surrounded 2E—To fondle 2G—Cunning 23—Constructed = 29 --To grow old 31—A boy 32—Shabby . • 54—A genus oter ants 33 ---Memento • tlon es tr a '—Busln s an o a SD—An equal q 4 thread fasten with, a i tth 43—Point of compass (abbr.) Natui'ral: Resources Bililietin. The, Natural ResourcesIntelligence Service of the Dept. of .the Interior at Ottawa says:— A very' careful analysis of the world's. silverroductian : s"hews' that p ..., about one-eighthcomes from miners within the .British' Empire. Canada's silver mines have been: the greatest producers' within the-empire.-fortem ' ecedes . according- d a xd to A . A'. W, G. , r Wilson, of the Mines Branch of the. Dept: of Mines.. To-da'y Canada is the third Largest prodii:cer in the world, being surpassed by 'Mexico and the United .etat billy, who togetlter con tribute nearly 65 -per .cent. of the an- nual production. -;Native silver was known to the In- dians about Lake Superior before any Europeans set footin that locality. Champlain ,mentions the occurrence of galena on the east shore of Lake Tettnskaming, directly opposite and but a . few miles away from the fa- mous Cobalt areas of Ontario, but - knowledge of the presence of silver is not recorded. Silver ores have sines beep found in,Nova Scotia, New Brun- swick, Quebec, Ontario, Manitoba, Al- berta,r BBitish Columbia and Yukon. Records of production,` which have been kept. since 1858, show a total re- covery of silver to the end of 1923: of 451,000,000 fine ounees, Last year the . recovery was slightly over Pa. 000,000 fine ounces. The price of sil- ver varies daily, the highest yearly average. on record being $1.23.2 per standard ounce 925 fine, and the low- est. 47.2 cents. ' .. Present prices . are around 68 cents per ounce. • The mines of Cobalt, South Lorrain and Gowganda, all • in Northern On- tario, are Canada's principal silver producers. Since the first discoveries in this area, about twenty years ago, production has been close to 867 mil- lion ounces, while present production is at the rate of nearly, nine million ounces per year. Silver production in British Colum- bia and the Yukon is obtained from: lead -zinc ores. In 1901 the maximum production was obtained, 5,151,333 ounces, in British Columbia. Betv$een 1906 and 1915 silver production mark- edly declined, but since 1916there have been slight advances, until at present the rate of production is about 8,000,000 ounces per year. A number of silver lead prospects were located .in the Yukon, .during the past few.. years, and rich ores .arebeing mined in the'Mayo district, where the present-eate of production Is about one million ounces. • Not a Steady Job: h.She ,had been maid of all work- in the family for more than twenty years. Like all faithful retainers, " .she did. .what she liked. She even tried to e manage them until, In` self-defense; they -gave her a month's notice; "Ah,- well, ma'am,"'she_ said, "I can't' riled. inehow I al- ways I'm sur So say as p ways felt I shouldn't suit: you," Elephants' Keen Smell. African elephants' have been known to scent men'at 1,000 yards., - e -- A kluge Sort of- Carp. A. species of aiamese carp reaches a Taeth ofover 0 er live feet. n b Bride (consulting cook-b ook "0 rriy, that cake is..burning and I can't take it net for five minutes yet." ncleet Saying ---"Pa, nay I use ctir, please?" • the "Are your going away?" " Yest to 'Europe." ' eley which ship?" , "Airs'eire" "But there is no ai;ship service," a 'There will be by the time my wife is ready," Wender where fenaifies used. to -put plunder, years ago when there was no garages? Timely Rhyme—"Hush, : little vaeseet corner, don't yen cry; you'll be ;a. fill, Mg station bye and bye',' e Heard on a Car. firs Woman-»Didyour husband die, a natural death? Woman—"Oe, yes, W he wae. run down, by a motor car." Pedestrians should be thankful chat the. :do not. have to dodge bicycles any y more. .What' is funnier than -;balloon tires. an Ford, wheels? Well, there's the gold monogram, on4tile door of a Ford;run- about..` Most flivvers are filled with nuts, Charity; covers a multitude of sins: So do closed cars. Man's ,inhumanity to man makes thousands hesitate- at the curb. Even if a titan does pass you with his _auto, he may be behind iritic h-ls payments. - The average chauffeur certainly` takes life eas3iy, Let those who 'never break the speed law cuss M.P.P.'s for breaking the dry aw. `< omebody put the hootgh, In my •car, ' sounds, fine,. - But .nobody's ever, . Put any in• mine, The noise an automobile makes de - pantie, more upon the driver- than up- on the machine itself. IX !e' not . - mach, the livingwage as, the flivving wage that .men demand nowadays. Correct This Sentence. "My dear sir," said the traffic• officer, "you disregarded my stop signal and jammed" up truffle erightfvlly, but run along now and try to do better." If you drive fast you're a lawbreak- er; if you drive slowly, somebody whams you from behind, • Avoid Too Much Light. Too much light can be as bad for the eyes as too little. Artificial light is now supplied so readily and so cheaply tbat it is a temptation to use too much of it -or at least to direct it with too great intensity on what one. is reading. • Did you ever try to read a .book or a•newapaper with the bright sunlight falling directly on the page? If you have, .you will understand how excessive light can etrain and fatigue the eye. The golden mean in illumina- tion as i neverything else is the thing to strive for,• Solution of Lala week's puzzle. ®fare©-: filtl®®11 L111:82•_.oQ'l .'ya�CI®®Gt • • i�i.1W IA BILIIII isIOW -1/12U'' ` 00©® r 3 .,f Mfg x MUTT AND JEFF—By Bud .Fisher. JeeF . roLD me To 11koP 1N Tee JEWELR # STotzce Ants Sc Nts tvc-w ait2Lt He Sat, -,,,s" 'ix+ 1.A1,16 A SAD CASE' We RCel -fi-1Av's Hee, e.iterTI, -MAT'S 11 -le OucHees c* FLA't`21USF0,. See's sneeolNt. Here PIN AADNc-Y Fera SOMG`' b AMoNDi Aloe Tee/gees': - Outside of That, Jeff's Girl is O.K. "1 - J1 site Mvs'c-8e \ -:$F ! r 'a HE'"z A t — FALSe tteere AND %LAT FC -ET Wks=pE/e Ateb Hera LEFT yeee GLASS: t -GR, w Tac -'Tel PPRC LACE" -h R HAIR, i fll SE': AND wRINtyLcs tesre as MuTT,-`fou .IAe s-- Atc-;rs 113 tui' ksizere. SHE`S I) :AC OulTe so,' ceterr sol ee'ee (t,*,q * toil ,y t: e )7, Horizons. Radio, whieperirlg new.; ericusly tiireu 'h•the ether to .the oars of inyre lads of ",;hgntes(1l over the land, is ¢ntanugl?'bi�aa118't,Yonder-tales t1,<.t'., widen Ilio lioxzzt his of mankind, as yvhgu .in ,QaYa of eld far -travelers bt;ougbt to ,rise, eceert of Charlemagne or Arthur their stories of adventure thatcaptured and fired the xgi t- tion of the •stay-at-homes: Teeelay .tilt We Cannot travel in pence), ,to the die - tent places we ntey in our melds .,be wafted by the znagic afscience, as on - a wishing -carpet of Aladdin, "'to the,,. earth's remotestends; and MacMillan promises, when he gods ,north, to charas the woretI'e child.cen of a larger growth with bedtime.. .stories from Greenland's, icy moentains, and "per- chalice from an undiscovered country beyond the Beaufort Sea. By,the new device the magnificent distances are abridged . and infinite i;tebes - pay be carried and outpoured • 'like pirate treasure in a little xoor . 'In ,view of so great an opportunity, these rests ��l k tall a obligation .o ee out o' '' on is n g t goo i the air all that is unworthy to invade it, as; we seek to preserve the water+ that we drink from polluting sub- stances. Like "the hound .of heavea4 "' the r • power of the air finds its out, however inconspicuous .we may be; and our awn -senseseven' without 'a box of ' dials and wires,, put our finite lives in eloeo communion with infinity, Fiore' encu Nightingale cavo back from the Crimea to spend almost sir file. cadeet In a sickroom, but frau thetY prison : ere white' there eaaiate. d, a doe- trine of healing that has `evert, since profoundly affected the well -be- ing of mankind, Robert Louis Steven- son,eIieholding "the pleasant hied of counterpane," ,visualised and a made others see the broad demesne of roe mance, and transIateci,bxs own fight against the inroads of; disease into the Homeric onsets and at fors of chit,- airy. hivairy. And in a .Pennsylvania town a' anan of science to -day lies in a room,' but a multitude takes heart of grace and courage from his determined bat- tle against the pernicious -anemia of tropic fever,-incurred1irough his sacrificial devotion to '{science, the--- world has made ;a pathway to his door: Wherever; we are, in crowded" thor- o,ivhfare or wilderness,we mate climb when g'9 le ie down. The topmost h-ight we reach depends oneour own will to rise, and what we see depends on our disposition and our training to behold. A Poem. You Ought to -Know. The British :Heritage. The - patriotic poetry .,of Britain sounds a higher and truer nate than Haat of any other country in the world. While herpoetspraise her they do not spaie,her faults and follies. No pa- triot poet takes, a higher place than Williaia Wordswoath, whose voice was always uplifted in the cause of free -"-7-1 dom. Itis not to tie thought of that the flood Of British freedom,'•whioh, to the open • sea Of the world's. praise, frpm dark an-,. • tiquity Hath. flowed, "with pomp of ws,ters -. unwithsteod," . Roused though it be full often to a mood - Which spurns the check of salutary • bands, • That this most famous`Stream.in bogs and salt Should perish; and to evil and to gocd Be logit foe ever. In our hails: is hung Armourg of the ' invincible knights of olds We must lee tree -or die, who sbedk the - tongue That Shakespeare spoke; the faith and morals bold ' Wliich Milton held. In everything we are sprung,, Of earth's first blood, have titles mani- fold. CIocks Without Dials hi �.. The first clock of which there is e any aathentio . record, was • invented: by Richard de WalIiiagford, Abbot of St, Albans, in 1326: It was known to be going in the time of Henry VIIL Some early clocks had' no dials,: so people had to wait untiethe hour was ,struck to iearfthe time. When dials were first introduced they only bad oehn and hand onl •ntarke only d the 110t1r8. Later thehours h urs were div' s- ded into gear. >, qr tens and "Jacks," o� r xnechairfcal ` fig- ures, - ures, struck the belie. - One of the earliest packet watches known belonged , to Oliver . Cromwell, This was made in .1626 by. John elld- nail and was about the size and shapo of an ostrich egg. At that period watcher became very fashionable and wet`eoften carried iu the hank, There were no watch•glass- es, and a ,shutter arrangement wee used. __teee 5tr'e t Ligl�t'ing 'Street lighteng is comparatively mod- ern. -Paris od-ern..-Paris was the ni-st city n tit 3 world to establish ft; to 1558 the in- habitants were ordered to place lan- terns containing lighted centiles in front of tbeir houses. Ili 1788 ;bowls of pitch or resin were substituted.' 11-' ruminating gas waet first used for street lighting in London in 1809. .ee Twelve:,year's later 'Baltimore tried it, Not till 1881 did•olectric'arc lights ap- i pear; they,were first used in the streets of New York Citye There is one fool more on earth than most people think;. Among some Indian tribes .t is eoti- sidered iiiliproper for a mother=in-Yate +to speak, t,o her ;danglttdx s hitt land.