HomeMy WebLinkAboutGoderich Signal Star, 2017-03-01, Page 7Wednesday, March 1, 2017 • Signal Star 7
The Northern Grave
The Northern
Gravel Road was
the only privately
owned road in Huron
County's history. It
stretched 22 miles from
the Maitland Bridge
Goderich Market
Square down Hamilton
Street to Dunlop Cor-
ners before turning east
to Smith's Hill (Carlow)
and then north to
Lucknow.
Another four -mile
branch of the road
extended further east
from Carlow to Manches-
ter Bridge (Auburn). For
nearly 20 years, the
Northern Gravel Road
became one of the most
controversial issues in the
county's history.
In 1853, the county
council passed a bylaw
to borrow $400,000for
the construction of
county gravel roads: In
May 1857, a joint-stock
company, the Northern
Gravel Road Company,
was formed to build the
gravel road from Goder-
ich to Lucknow as a
thoroughfare from
Bruce County to the
Buffalo, Brantford and
Lake Huron Railway
depot in Goderich then
under construction.
Although Goderich con-
tinued to pay its road
levy, the county
removed the Northern
• Gravel Road from its
road scheme in June
1857. However, "to pro-
mote the interests of
Goderich and sur-
rounding area," the
Goderich town council
supported the road's
construction.
Huron History
David Yates
Both the county and
Northern Gravel Road
Company placed tollgates
on their respective
roads. Rather than put
the full tax burden on
property taxes, travellers
would have to pay a toll,
or fee, to drive their team
on a gravelled road. By
1872, the Northern Gravel
Company operated six
tollgates on the
road. Each tollgate was.
•
auctioned annually to the
highest bidder who paid
rent and collected the
tolls. The collected tolls
were to be invested back
into the road works, pay
the tollkeepers and show
a profit for its-
shareholders.
Unfortunately, the
Northern Gravel Road
Company could not
build, let alone main-
tain, the 26 miles of
roadwithin its jurisdic-
tion.The Town of
Goderich was forced to
loan $60,000 to the
Northern Gravel Com-
pany to finish the road's
construction. In turn,
the town became the
largest shareholder in
the company. The
Goderich council
objected to having to
expend so much money
outside the town limits
and pay the county levy
at the same time on a •
road that the county
would have had to
maintain anyway.
It was obvious the
Northern Gravel Road
Company could not
meet its contractual
obligations. In Septem-
ber 1866, a judge asked
the county engineer to
investigate complaints
about the road's condi-
tion. The engineer
reported that Northern
Gravel Road "was in the
worst possible condi-
tion" and that culverts
were "so damaged and
broken as to render
them quite unsafe." The
engineer further
reported that the com-
pany had not made any
attempt to complete the
ordered repairs. The
engineer concluded the
road was nearly
"impassable." In April
1867, a letter by "One
Who Suffers" was
printed in the Huron
Signal questioning the
legality of the company
collecting the toll while
the roads were in such
terrible condition. The
Gravel Road Company
replied that it spent
more on maintenance
than it had received in
revenue from rentals
and tolls.
• On November 14,
1870, a countywide ref-
erendum to abolish the
hated tollgate system
and.purchase the North-
ern Gravel Road for
$40,000 was rejected.
Ratepayers may not have
been ready to raise
property taxes for the
sake of freeways, but
they really resented pay-
ing the higher tolls on
the Northern Gravel
1
Road
Road that were charged
by the private company.
By 1871, the Northern
Gravel Road Company
was in arrears of their
debt repayment to the
town. The town was
forced to take over the
company's assets and try
to maintain the expensive
road until arrangements
could be made with the
county. The town, with its
greater resources, went to
work repairing the
road. The Iluron Signal
reported in October 1871
that nine teams and 20
men were at work on the
Northern Gravel Road
trying to get the bridges
and culvers "safe and
passable" and claimed
that "travellers along the
road are already feeling
the benefit of the change
of owners"
Paying tolls on the
Northern Gravel Road
became a major source
of contention among
travellers. Pedestrians
travelled free (as did .
clergymen, Indians, and
drivers taking fresh milk
to cheese factories,
wedding parties and
funeral processions) but
everyone else had to
pay a toll at each gate.
Gavin Green in The Old
Log School recalled
that "the toll was: dou-
ble team of horses or
oxen, 10 cents one way,
return same day 15
cents; single, 5 cents;
man on horseback, 2
cents." According to
Green's rates which dif-
fer from the 1 866 county'
rates, a man on horse-
back would have had to
pay 12 cents to ride
one-way from Goderich
to Lucknow.
Evading tolls was con-
sidered a noble act of
defiance. Colborne Con-
nection' (1986) recalled
'hat "teamsters would
leave Lucknow at mid-
'light, reach Carlo in
time for breakfast. There
they would feed and rest
their horses, -proceed to
Goderich with their load
and be back in Carlow
before starting another
night trip to Lucknow" in
order "to avoid paying
the many tolls between
Goderich and Luc -
know." Gavin Green.
recalled that tollkeepers
"had to be a husky piece
of humanity" to collect
the toll from the "wild lot
of boys and big men"
who "did not think the
Goderich Northern
Gravel Road Company
had any right to make
them pay toll to get into
Goderich."
Hostility to the North -
em Gravel Road's tolls
boiled over into mob
action. In the fall of 1870,
a tollgate at the Nile was
smashed. A tollhouse
built to watch the Nile
gate was torn down in
August 1871 by unknown
marauders. The Signal
reported that Sheriff Mac-
donald was "after the
depredators, but they will
be hard to find" because
"all the people are death
on tolls."
A more seriousinci--
dent occurred at the
Nile when the second
house built Was
besieged one night in
September 1871 by over
20 armed men with
"blackened faces, coats
turned inside out and
disguised voices.." The
two men, one woman
and several children
were holed up inside
equipped with muskets
and revolver. The Signal
said that the "garrison"
could have "died hard"
but "clingingwoman-
hood" forced them to
surrender. The mob
instructed them to
remove their furniture
before destroying the
tollgate and house.
In October 1871, an
inquest was held in Dun-
gannon into the burning
of the Lucknow tollgate
and house by seven or
eight men. As in the Sep-
tember attack, the occu-
pants were told to remove
their belongings before
the gate and house were
torched. Const. Barnard
Trainer found govern-
ment -issued ammunition
around the tollhouse,
indicating the assailants
were militiamen. Despite
gruelling questioning,
"not much was elicited"
from witnesses.
Clearly, it was'becom-
ing too dangerous to
operate tollgates on the
Northern Gravel Road, In
December 1872, county
council voted to assume
responsibility for the
Northern Gravel Road
and dismantle all toll-
gates in the county as of
January 1, 1873. In 1874,
the county agreed to pay
the Town of Goderich
$20,000 for its share of
maintenance on what
should have been a
county road in the first
place.
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