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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Exeter Times, 1921-9-8, Page 2, little Or 110 tia' 4 1 for the pos- D0 YourPay Your for llis.,Tune,,, AiV a dollars oa the eje crepe The. 'With the leage' or o e orT.le Does j 4'.,4114 enaite help an airOrq 'Ina his erain safe i3y H. Z. Francis to .0;0 tledinaleajeVeather. tie will axpe4t'eaeli Man to set 'up twice es niany sheaves in a day as the small Despite our beeptavea inachinerte half or fa#17.q there aro serne• opevatIOW.1 On nearly every farm which aTe still done en- tirely by hand, and which will he done for, yearn to ceme. Are yed 'doing those handi operatiotes as-eheaply ad quickly as you cant Thielt of the weds required totalteek your 'wheat and oats and banley every airmeriet, of. the amen who spend n month every fall husking- coari,„ the thne apristt in picking and sorting and packieg yank stia,Pleal. Cutting corn by hand,. picking up potatoes, handa work en •:sugarbeets, each• take many; inaity day ef laber eaelf year. ' No eatiafactiny iriaachiaes aave ever been invented for some a these Jobs,: day just because he had aever etop-'' However, to do this the men cannot to 'think Omit the detaile of this little operation, Wlaan stmelang wheat ea eatait 1114i be harder to follow a definite system than when cutting corn, The binder mast lie doing ' exceptionally good work, and the binder operator must pay very dose attention to dropping the bundles if the work on every shack is to be exactly the same. But the »shocker who sizes up hie week, leeke at the bundles on the ground, anclede- cides before he starts the shock just where he will build it to cut down the amoupt of carrying, how many 'bundles he will put in R, how Melly eaps.' he As a rule, I find there is more time will use, and who has a fixed order for and energy wasted on handwark; starting and building the shock, *111 whether done by the farmer or the aceoniplieh toneideralaly More With the hired man, than there is on work done „same effort than the Mar who gives by implements and machinery. At leaSt., many of us could -save same ea our own time and money by planning such work more carefully and stick- ing to the an. The fact that carn-husiciitgis usu- ally paid for ty the bushel is largely these raatters no thought. How Three Men WqIced. The other day I was in a 50 -acre oat field, where two binders had cut nearly the whole of the field before the shockers started» to work. There were three men shocking, and each of responsible for this being one of the them was going down a bundle TOW meat efficient hand operations in the by himself. There were 15 or 20 entire, country. I venture to say that on the whale less time is lest and energy wasted in husking corn from the standing stalks than in any other hand operatiori en the farm. The men put in full days, keep busy all the time, and do not often stop even to talk to each ether. Furnishing each man with a team and wagon, sa that he works by him- self, also helps to get more eorn in the crib. Oe any job, there is nearly shooks to each bundle row, and I could see no difference in the ameunt», of work -required en the different TOWS. Hewever, one of the men always, fin- ished his row firet, and helped the others set up their last three or four sheeks. - This man was nearly 70 years old, had stooped shoulde•rs, and a shuffling walk, ancl it dia not seem possible"that he was exerting more energy than the otheas, who were considerably young - always a certain- emeant ef loss when er and apparently more able. A half - two or more men work together. They hour spent with each one showed me get in each ether's -way, the fast that the old man was actually making ries-kers have to wait for or help out fewer motions, and that „each indi- the slower ones, and there is often a vidual motion was slower than those general lack of co-ardination all of either of the others. He was using around. hie head in an „effort to ceneerye his ' Put Pay on Piece Work. , It is a mistake to thina that effa tient work always means herd work. Of course, if one expects to do a fell =moiler energy, and as» a result he decernplished ati tat 30 per cent. .more than 'hiSafelrow.-Workers. • That same day .1» found: ori a.neigh- follow around the field .aftelt,t:eyt.ip er and have all the Set up within 'ea ' hoer:: aft the t ti triet it" tic.' Mei mast work clown tae latiadle eciWa at a eimaidereble, .distanee behind» »the binder, and wane of the grain. must lie, pp the g-,reund for a data or, so after' it is aut. Even then the shoekers cannot spend so much time witheach shack, liut must he content with building them so they will withetand the o'tdit nary weather' between, cutting and stacking or threshing. Of course, • Good Housin SaVeS Cattle Fcatl. -14:91-e-eaPcsia11y-whea feed is Scarce is it important that farm animals make the "best ese of what they con- sume. Cattle or other stock stabled in quarters that are too cold, or on the other hand, where proper veirtila- tion cannot be provided; will not only fail te put on flesh, but also to give Milk to their full capacity. While eattle cari accastoni them:Selvesto un- favorable stable conditions, it is bet - tee to provide conditions as near -per - feet as is- practitable. Cattle living 34 a cold temperature w41 take on ine-eit heavier coats of hair than those which are warmly housed. This abila ity to adjust „themselves explaine in some measure the eutcess•that attenda' feeding cattle for bee f in open sheds! No succesafal farmer, however, :would thinkOf tketePing :thtiry ("etas in, open same year the damage done by the shed -in thetwinter timeenor of keep. - weather to- a crop, handled in -this manner may amount to more than the 50 per cent. saving in the cost 'of shocking, but not often -the 'Same prin- ciple holds» true .for nearly all hand- , work on the hum. Marketing Hog Products. The Year before the war, or in, the ing theni »hi a -stable in which the air temperiatureis not to some extentdon- trallable, is,eoneeded by live stock 'autboa- itieg that' it is worthawhile"te'proVide for a proper ventiletion of all stack barns,, A necessary :hinter h stable Ventilation is SO COhStillef the walla as to practically exclude the air • and aia ha.ve the"wintlowe and- doors fiscal year 1913-14 Canadaexpoed so fitted ae to avoid draughts Of. air Mainly to Great,Britaina23,859,754.lbetil:seeing ell the autiinale. The -ventila- „ of bacon, 1,890,182 -lbs. of lutin,- and 1,811,204 'lbs.' of -Pork. • For .the last fiscal year, 1920-21, ,she exported' 98,- 233,800 lbs. of bacon and, ham and 3,125,700 lba of pork, a total Of 101,- 359,500 lbs. against 27;561,140"11.4: in -1913-14. This increase waS beloarthat of the abnormal year of 1919-20, when because of ekhauSted stocks abroad 230,324,900 lbs. of hog prodeets were »expeeted. These figureare taken from the third and revised edition of "Swine Husbandry in Canada," a bul- let -in treating of the hog in all its aspects recently issued by the Domin- ion Department of Agriculture. , It is ,inaterestang to note that domestie eon'. sunnition haa inceeased to Slleh an ex- tent etal;tetirans adilliel7alsa7g7eIr'beis 11)fe'raeeadt'» feet' by 30 feet'bY' 10-feet-hgqhae- . that weemaytlose OUT footing on the 'British Market in consequence. With a maintehance ofthe supply, however, Canadian hograteers may, leek „far- ward,,,to theeluthee with coefittenee exaii41ela'oriXia daiff%teevnacies•inPr:eeffistei3.:lekticYrg.- 'iOne f- tile* Inl'Iagrkoeft Ca-t(tt-bilenillia-'otrItl•IllicneeZaiteh;st day's work he cannot Teat too eftenlbe'r-n- er too long, but in tEe actual doing niust be properly finished. Aecording of the work the best w -ay :really the On this aa.rm, also; were three men easiest way, provided the quality ofshocking oats, all -day hande, eeceiying- to repots front -the leading. pa»ckirig no companTes the propoTtion of unfinisla the same wages, but there were the work is kept up to standard. The ; age nearnei I ed hags is much too large, running as fferenees' 'atta at'— high as .15 per cent. in eentral and great trouble in inducing hired help gTetiaet tv However, one of them set run to use efficient »methods is that they alw:"-- western- Ontario and 20 per cent. in nearly as much °Tait:. es the other two eastern Ontario and Quebec. In the western arovineen proportionately fewer"light hoge are Marketed, the tendency being to Tan to the other extreniet,- -Hogs' that eaceed.;220 lbs. live weight are not suitable for -the production of bacon, a Thebreed's of ',swine most favored in Canada are shown by the aegistrat tion of pedigrees with the Dominion Swine Breeders' Association. For in- stance, in 1919-20, the numbers re- corded were 5,578 Yeaksbirea; 3;722 Berkshires; 2,325 Duene-J»e-rsens, 1,877 Chester Whites; 1,009 Poland -Chinas, 127 Ta.mwerths and 258 Hampshiree: The cbaracteristics of tath of -these breeds are , described. in thee bulletin nton 'system Should, be independent' of other, avenues of air. . • , Experimental Farms Bulletin No. 78 available at Ottawa- points out that the air in a stable wheie the thermometer shoWaeeveral degrees ef :frog inlay easily be very impure. Matteie should be so arranged' it is pointed out, that there shall be about the right -number ea animals in the stable, alleWing, -Say, from 600 to c)1? cubic, feet of ale apace for each COW two years old and,eaer. With a well 'built stable :thee filled with tattle, it is pointed out that:the capacity of the outlet should be ;about 15 square Inches forteach animal, while the con- trolled inlet should, be ablaut 8 square inches. for each animal. A stable 36 often do not realize this fact. If you ask a man to use a ntetlacal which will increase bis output in any way, even though it is not accompanied by any increased expendtture of energy, be generally thinks you are trying to make him work aarder. If yen Eire a man by the day or hour, Red, lee knows that he will be discharg- ed as soon as the job is finished, the only way by which he ean gain any- thing is by es -eking the work last as long as possible. Then, too, it in hard for a hired ream to see whyhe should try to do a fell day's werk, provided he stays in the field all day. Such troubles with hired help are done away with When, pay is placed en a piece -work basis. My observa- tions !save been that work paid for by the 'piece is nearly, always more efacient and ecoeoinically dune than that paid for en a time basis. When pay depends on the amount of work actually done, the hired 'man has an incentive to do as much as he tan, and you are relieved of the necessity of »closely supervising his weak. It anablea geed workers to draw better pay, aria automatically weeds out the lazy, slaw -moving ones, or at leaet materially reduces. their wages. The enter passible ohjection from the farm- er's standpoint to this method of pay- ment is that the worker in his desire to accoraplieh the maximum may net do as high-class work as he otherwise would. But which ie the greater evil? Why can't rat handwork be done as efficiently as corn -husking? In cut- ting down corn by band, a great deal of labor coeld be saved, and MOTO together, and the quality ef his work was noticeably better. The two inefficient ones worked» as a pair, but made no attempt to gat in any teamwork. The size of their shocks varied from 8 to 16 bundles., they generally used both hands to pick up a bundle—it ean be done with Tess effort and thne with one hand— and they never tailed to carry name than ,one at a time. As nearly as I could judge; the other man did not use up- any more energy during the day than each of these, but he did not do anywhere near as much unneces- sary walking and carrying, nor use anything like as much effort in pick- ing up the bundles and-placitig the:in In the shocks. Some men „just naturally seem to get mere done than others, but if you -will watch their work carefully for a little while you can always find the reas,on for it. Are you sure that you do not Tose a lot of time just beca-ase you do not size up your own work or that ef your help as carefully as you might? Handwork in lihe field, the delay chores and all the eda jobs on the faTrn still take a surprisingly large amount of time. Arid time rneans money. How Well Should Work Be Done? When work is done by _machine it takes just about as long to do it poorly as it does to make a first-class job of it. If you have a good corn planrter or gr.ain, drill, and handle it right, you should do a good job of planting. IT you have a poor mac -bine, and do net adjust it and, handle it ground covered in a day, if everyone, Properly, you will likely do a poor would adept a definite method of pro -I job. But in either case you will cover ceclure in cutting end 'building al about the same amount of ground in shock. If you, are not euro that you a day. have learned by past eaperience just In nearly all 'handwork, however, what will be the best -method under; after a certain paint is reached, added the conditions, you earl afford to try l quality can only he setered at a con- eeveral different inetheds—keepingl siderable 'sacrifice in quantity, and it account of suca things as the -time may pay to figure a little eafatow well required and the :number of steps taken for each ehock---before de- ciding just what system ta use. The syst,em which you filially adopt may, not be absolutely the ',best one, but itl do work ef extra high quality, while If you were hiring the work done the reduction in amount resulting from deing it'better might more than offset any poeeible gain. Take shocking waeat or oats.as an example: The man with enlY a few acres who »can use some unpaid family later, or can exchange labor with a neighbor without any outlay ef cash, can siffeed to take mole pains and Deena considerably more time per a.cie than can, the farmer, with a' large acreage vrtio has to run two or three binders to get ais crop harvested be- fore it gets too ripe, to handle, and vale has» to pay a goad price for all the labor used in shocking The first man can have enough belp in the field to follow tlose .'oellind the binder, pick up the »bundles almost as eoan as they are dropped, and set them 'up in solidly 'built sheeks, with two well-loroken, precieely »placed cap iheeves, on each, so -that, even the at least ae hour's tuna and walked a evoTst wind and ram storms can do a piece ef week 'should be, done. , If you are doing it yourself, have plenty of time, and are not neglecting other »gainful work, you ean afford to will certainly be better than the hap- hazard way. Tbe work of a young farmer 1 -visit- ed while he wee:eating corn last fall offers a good example of the way in which »a etemiegly unimportant detail may cut down a ntan'e output. He was, following a fairly definite eystem in cutting and tuilding the Shoeks, but evidently bed given no thought to tying them. The wind was rather bigh, and he bad ad tie each shock es goon as it waa cut. The twine wee in a badly tangled bunah, which was always -di-appal en tbe ground somewhere near the lest finished » shock. When »rcady tO tie the next shack the worker had to walk back and search among the etueble and weeds for this little beech' of twine, and then untangle a string, My watch allowed that tilts gerierally took nearly» a minute. lie was tutting from 75 to 100 shock a per <Tay so he lost coinniedating 18, or 20 bead, should have eur Outlet about,18 inches square or 20 belles..., in :diameter if round, achileathesinletsashould. be at least 6 rnehes by** -1.2,- b. and two in • inches, , . nUrrb- lb`CT. ' ThetExperimental -Fa-rrns have at their several» farm,s and stations in- etalled.what is known as the Ruther- ford system of ventilation, -which is fully exPlained in the belletin already named, -and which may -be obtained 'from the Publications Branch, Queen Street, .Ottawa. • • t •• HarvestMg Potatoes. c.,...Tpyli,irerYiti.eblitlintatd.0.staoftoodesseexaPie'ett.heids year, • ...suggests tthe -importance ' of making the' verydbest of whatever erop is harvested, Nothing is gained by -leaving potatoes in the ground after the tops have died. Whether the killing of the tops is due to dry het weather or to disease, potatoes will make no further georwth, and had bet- sterlse lifted and »stored in a control- lable temperature or iininediately marketed. ' Potato vines that have been killed by late (blight will-susually rot as .seee coNopc-reoqw:pnor, HENRY -•Ge Olen - The cibjectofttins department is to riled° at the sea recede, eurtfarat tenders the advice of an acknowledged apthoiity,..on-alt-eub,lectavertalnino to soils and crops. Address: nlit'aleatteitatte- arafeeeiffati car 'n ia date' ont,The-Wiladr(Ptialiailliatneialfailyel-lailted, Totera ta,' ancansWersiIUppear1n this ''ciAtirainArt .thO orilet in which they are receivecla When vvritIng kindly man, ,tion this fraPelt As space Is limited It Is advisable' where ' immediate' reit-1y la iteeepsary that a stamped end' ad- dressed cm:tea:fee be enclosed with the ciaestIon, 'weer) the answel . will' be mailed direct. » ' • , - Copyright by Wilson a' ublishing Co., Limited L. F.: Will you please_ give the beatgetit off, al. u -ring -May' or early -Julie. .methoda of eradicating the common If you -wish to let attriren the gram large itill.kweedk, and ale' tlie best Willeprehaltly be cut 'friar?, the middle ;method:1d 'desticty -:Siandlicattisailtis for te tlietenddef Jurices OloVer and:grass tltat, etr,,ttiitsteterYt•Year. a1°4 r'aPidlY! and •. Answer: There a,re several,- Methods' .recommerided for' treatiiig 'perennial „weedsaall t'Which are based on the 'general principle ',of » preventing the weeds, from flowering and attacking their neat systems at, a thne When the plant' is exhausted. If the field e is bad' - least oiteette. monthalliie" fall until dneell. increased Yield' 111 lare infedted I would adaiee„ you to lose whielt will as soon ti6 ricsiNe'ttn4' working it at , grain and hay, I would' acIvise you to a cropping season, plovving the field winter, seta in. In the »spring take up .the work:tile-of 'Iliad fiela' again- :with at»sPring-tooth - cultivatior and eon,' finue this at periods al three weeks or atmonth eatil, mid -summer when the weeds ahould be 13idtts, the -rough- ly killed, tout. If you are a a located that you can grow fall 'grain this field can be safely, sown 'with' fall wheat ». .,next autumn. d If you mus, t., c. re.,p the :ground I 'would offer the eame advice as above for fall working with a little* . intended to sow rye and vetch this summer; but other work came' on and »eareful and frequent spring *Operation nitre I was net able to keep it clean enough for that. I am wondering if I could 'lla.ve to be seeded. .1 would still fur- Plew it this fall and seed to rye and vetch after the corn is -cut: Clover 'llniii the time that your spring crops Alber advise „building up the fertility ds not growth, will, be advaticed to ,alich a :ranted to lime it this spring, but could not. Sorrel does well. Would do well on this piece and 1 of the ,soile so .that the' general crop a3cleegirisoeeettalt,d-anoustth. As the egewneeerdasi •ruatillel rot!' pay to to -Plant the Yete'h‘without•linl'' ing? '•lidti farm is email and -I wanted In Which Position Would Your Wire Be? J A business man told me this story: "A very pitiful thing happened in my office a couple of day e 'ago" he "IVIes. Horace Parker came to see me. You remember Parker:a-big two- hundred-peunder; looked as solid as Bapk a England; sae e manager er earneartitlavaY-equipment house, - :Talker died a couple of weeks ngn. Pneumonia. Fever in the office; heene a teal; dead in forty-eight hour, "lVIrs. Parker lookedevery young 'alia very .attractive in her black gown. t. It: was a. distinctive sort of, gown, and caetly, as „ell- her gowns had always been. I 'thought perhaps she might have come to conatitt Me about the inves,tmeat of ' Parket a' estate. »lie must haVe :left considerable, I as- Iplataavit-a1 nu goodgre eperrioespgta,aist: al)N, ialil:%relewsloll:i II:libel el, one hs1:12111,:add: treytotl.lhaeasTobilliwai sraldhinio:eila n'thylesthh. 1 e: egtd.o told cutting of` hay and » second crop f:OT Was a little life insurance; they had II pasturage. To .niake sure of the stand .give 'both 'the 'grain and the pta'ultkeidt' off. lnere"irig it, but alwat'!'s grasa inalteaedd'asaigor and 'growth, i4Ha was gaee for ten years, , at least, he saidnarid at the rate he was saeing- money he, wOuld have enough »- so thet she -would never need to -worry.-4 Insurance wasa't a good irivestment, he argued. The chly people who needed. te have an: insuranee cOmpany invest their money.for thein were those who didn'.t have brains enough to care for their money themselves. "As Mrs. Parker told me her story, a big tear crept but ef the corner of » her eye and rolled . down her cheek. It was an unpleasant interview foe both of us.» "When .a»11 the bills are paid she will have a few hundred dollars. So rhe had came to me for work. And we made a job for her in our filing de- partment: it was the only kind of work she eould do." "The man who told» inc the story stopped at this point and took a couple- of deep ,breaths. t`Driving home that night I came to a crossroads, aboet a, half -mile this fertilize -your »e -round with abota o to 300 lbs. per acre »of a fertilizev analyzing 3-8-3. This can be worked in at the time, the grain and, clover seedls sown -if you have a grain drill With a fertilizer -Sowing attachment. Iitnet, scatter the fertilizer evenly on the Plewed 'ground end work it in with ,harrowing and disking, working down the need bed. e » E. B.: I have a field of clay that I have had into corn for two years and referredto, together with information as cosuBtiona are favorable. The som- as to breeding, rearing, feeding and eri therefore, such » potatoes are dug housing, supplemented by Alegre - tants. Pork production on the Prairies receives »partioular attention. The Veterinary Director General contri- butes a paper on hog cholera, with quotations from the law in regard thereto, and the Chief Meat Inspector one an tuberculosis, its` =causes and symptoms.' When picking grapes, handle them by the stem and avoid injurang the bloom on the berries. The bloom adds to t,heir looke. and selling qualities. ' , • and used th'e bettek will be the re' sults 'aroin the area. Petatoes will keep better if du »iii (ley weather, Or even when the sell- is comparatively dry. ' If taken utr) under »swih condi; Cons, the tubers are ready to go into storage or to be ehiaped in presentable shape. - The Dominion Horticulturist, W. T. Macoun, recornimends the use of the mechanical potato 'digger where the acreage is considerable; that isto say, where the work ,Of digging tannot be done within a few days. Ile points Proper Housing of the Farm Flock Pays Thousands of farm flocks are being been discouraged in. her_ ambition 'to culled and the non -layers weeded out; new » and modern poultry hmises are being erected; »and the entire project is showing a decided tendency toward betterment. A. farmer known to the writer sev- eral years ago conceived the idea that if goodhousing and better treatment for cattle and hogs resulted in ,In- creased revenue for him, the same principle could be applied -to hie- peel - try. He went ahead on this assump- . -ton, arid the first move he made was to remodel his old poultry_ house, vvIiich was » by far the worst -looking building of his farm group. He en- larged the house to twice tts former size, applied every PrilteiPle ef aor- Teat eonstruetion »and cullecl*out one- half of his flo' ck, because the hens failed. to .show the proper, »aharaeter- isties ea good egg production. Hie success was assured faorn the start, and hi a hens paid for the entire -work of Ternodeliag his peeltry house, in the first feur menthe, the first win- ter. The past year, according to his record, he sold $750 werth of eggs, to say, nothing of the poultry sold. It paid him to house his poultry properly. Cases are numerous where better housing and -care of the farm flock have Teturned the owner a decidedly increased revenue. • -. It has' often been said that less- at- tention 'hat » been Paid, genera* epe,alting, to the poultry en the farm than to eny other kind of liveatock. alridoubtedly many a fame woman has rnanyttaeedaethkive witere soil fertility is 'dealt:king:, -Manure' and' fertilieers will do .gaeat deal to buildelipeyour field. - D. R.: Fintend to seed fifteen acres with rye this fall and eat same next year, arad »want to use this land 'for pasture the following year. 1 Would liko to know whether it will come up the following year, how much to sow to the acre, and when is the best time to sow_ The land is cia-ir and gravelly loam, very uneven, and has a great many stones on it. tut Out the amall 'grams and raise side of my house. The -street isn't - eern and liayUSo want to seed in the any too wellaighted at that point; and -corn. e good,an etrong. soevii -during the arattenn shauld be- come well established and come up the following year in quantities suf- ficient In make good pasturage. For seeding use aborit a bushel or iive pecks of rye with twenty-five pounds of early vetch ta the acre. In order to make as sure as aossible ea a good as I turned,- another car shotaround 'aansiveia Fall rye and. winter „vetch the corner. I gavedthe wheel a quick jerk, and we slid pant each other easily enough It was one of these almost accidents. "And yet, you know, it scat of set me thinking. couldn't seem to for- get Parker's wife up there in -the of- fice. You remember how Parker used to protect her from the rough spota stand I -would advise you to daell m also about 200 lbs. 'per acre of a fer-I Of life: what pride he took in the fact 'TIP -tut that she never had to do any reai work— - tilizer analyzing 4-10. If you de not Answer: Rye will net come up after have » fertilizer drilling machinery, being eat. If you wint pasture for scatter the fertilizer on evenly be - next summer I would advise yoii to fore the last harrowing arid work into 'seed» the rye with about 8 lbs. of core- the soil when you are harrowing in mon red clover, 4 lbs. of sweet clover, the seed. This additional fertility 2 lbs »of alsike »and 2 lbs.,. of timothy. will give both the rye and the vetch Fall -sown rye will came along quickly a vigorous start which will help them in the spring. If you wish to cut it stand the vvinter and give them added for hay you will probably he able to growth and strength. out in Leaflet No. 15, Digging and Storing of POtatoes, that not only will the potato digger raise the »crop inere ,economically than a fork or plow, but with it the gaorwer is mere likely to get his »crop dug anti gathered' while the weather is fine, Which is' a great consideration. Warbles in Cattle. Investigations -were searted'in 1911 ,s by officers Of: the 'Health •of Animate Bra-nch, .Ottaeva to discover exped- ients" that -weal& reduce the plague of warble » flies. Which worry- cattle* and 'to ascertain the damage they inflict and how. -While it is impossible te ascertain with any exactitude the arra ount of loss they cause and» the ex- tent ofthe inarry these pests» inflict, an idea,,of ,the iittmensity Of -the dant- age they »cause an be imagined when it is stated that particalars obtained from the principal tanners show that 27.5 per cent, of the hides ere injered by these fliesevery. year. In- addition, tim loss of intik faerat clairyieattle aft -,:aeateel'ead the iitjuxy to 'beef cattle has to 4.?ti taken ipto account, These investigations, which. are being can - The Slumber Coach. When we are safely tucked in bed, Baby; and Jean, and 1, And the g-reate soft, clerk looms over- ' ' head And the coats in the fireplace die, We hear the wagons far down the street , , As they rumble slowly by, And we -love the song of their turning wheele, Baby, and jean and I. First it' e a farmer man and his wife - Who've been insthetatan all d.ay; The great gray horse that drags them » Dreams ef his clorvery hay. The farrner'e wife will light the lamp When she reaches her night -black raise goad Poultry on the faTIll by lack door, of proper housing. Damap, • poorlyr And she'll carry her little child to bed, ventilated and carercrawded peultry, .Cre.akity, oven the floor. houses do not tend to produce healthy fowls. , -- Many an aspiring fancier has found to his, sorrow that any old hops ---et will not do for poultry housing. And while it is true that the 'housing is not the whole solution ea the problem ef bet- ter poultry land mare egg production, yet it is ome of the most important things to con -eider » 10 enteming the Many a loss of poultry in the spring can be elir-ectly taacea to poor bousiag during the winter months. Cases have bean known where entire flecks have been eviped out owing- to the tontraci- .tion of -some disease in a peer poultry house during the winter ,seasera -TheeefoTei it is essential that. the hatise »be given -careful and painstak- lag attention. A hoes° which ereibocla ies the following principles is the kind to. build: Protectionfrotrt »cirafte, wind, filth, tiaMpneset vermin and 'tithes' -causes wild& may lead to' the elevelon- 'Merit ”OT disea-Seand.low- vitality n flock. Chickens, require fecal 'air, plenty, et reem stallight dryness' and - plenty of fresh water, Overcrawdifig should be 'avoiad; The house should be large enough -to dhotise the entire 'farm flock; »poultry Should -be treated one unit en '6efitiriet VaTith to the Deminion Patiltry,' IluShandirme., for a, f.re`e eopy Of•Bulletiti No. 87, eon- -tairiing detailed plena of the hest types' oft ptfultry housea. aireeedeare..pet.ferth ip a bulletin pee - pared by the -ChiefAnirnal Pathologist arid: publierbett 'by the Dominion De- partment of Agrieultere, , There are two classes 'orf ithe pest, one known aa H,ypod-Cenea lirieeturn and the other as Hypoderm:1 bovis, The» former makes Then it's a 'postman, and then it's a squire, And then it's a gypsy train; And still we listen» and still we hear, Moptihig'ht» or wind or. rain; And last of ahl and every night, Sure as the» day is through, the earlier appearance of the two and The slumber Coach like a gray ship is the les e irritant. At Agassiz the comes, firet flies 'wear.) taken. in 1915 on April Wet with a wealth of dew. Tis the Gray Sandman t ac the days. They aetale ander the temas heel and attach *mit eggs ta the COTO:netrei" • And delves from e End of Day. ,oy in the region of the fetlocks and .o n th A There are two little elves at the the kneee and' hocks. Hypocierma horses' ears Jnno and continuos lausY until het T° wihiePer •biln ever the way, • bovis appears in the early :part of The i ,:cintrrisrintg5 Novfo:rAkruignuwAh. ale bhe raiinatt6tirrA.c gray coac door s open» wide, And, -We eellinfit »in with a sigh.., 'Ana are driven away to .S,leepy- Street, resting, 1-1. bovi.s usually attack -eat - 11° n tsid °f the h" Baby and-j-LaTiriarna4 CI lark Potter. o e ou e n quarters , a and on 'the »lege .aboae the fetlocks whenthey are en the Move. Taxiners agree that Touiala long-haired, ill -kept Ian cutting the winter's suppler of aniinals are the meet warlaleY and that weed care should be taken that only properly • and ele.anly housed dead. treeeor thoee thatare hinder- alltina»eis' are far lesa fi'etalentlat,affeeld inethe growth of others more valu- ed. 'The tanimee are also agreed that 'able abetild be taken Out, warbled hides are dear at any price. . Buyers are 'consequently ica»utiousand Ourrarits and gociesbericiee may. be paY.„, a lower Prl6e 'Wile:1'e the nest 18 in pruned as soon as the leaves fall; or eyieence.„, 1. the' Nverk: may ,be telt_ elan early -Get oiit aldt, oanea of, raspberry apdspaing. Cut back one-third oa this 'blackberry busheS-, The' eut,tinge should yearte growth, and thin out surplus • "And to think of how hard she'll have to +work now, jasieto keep herself - and» her baby alive. "I carry a good deal of insurance_ Istory: used'to think it was ample; but with the cost of »living going up, I don't in his Checks with *the thaught that he was leaving his wife the way MTS. know. . . A man evould hate to pass Parker was left. . . . . " A day or two after' he told me this "Mrs. Jones and her s,on called ori me. She is the widow of an old friend of mine who went swimming in the lake one afternoon after a hot game of tennis, and died in the water from heart disease. "A man of modest means was Jones, but he took -no chances evith the future °Phis family. Mrs». Jones Ime lived comfortably since_ he went; her daugh- ter is hi a good school, and the boy, having finished: his college coarse, is ready to make a fait start in life. "And I thought as she talked that. I would like to have her picture aral Mrs. Parker's picture to publish side by Side. She with her children's line's' assured; and Mrs. Parker -struggling away at -a job for Which she was neyer trained. "I woulci lay those pictures in front of every father hi, Canada and say: ." 'The dollar you earn 'buys much less than it bought five years ago. Has it occurred to yeti that your in, serene() dollars, too; are worth less 'than they used. 'to be? 4' 'It didn't occur to Parker in time; be .learyied peamatter in order to (lest ,diseased or untinifte. roots. Old bush - troy insect rind fungoua Poste Which es may :have two-thirds of the pres- may be on thee -a ent yearaa growth removed. it did occur to Jones. Here are the picturen of their wives: t" 'In which' poSition would your wife 'be if something should happen to yop ?' "--liruce Barton. e. • September. Of all twelve months throughout the year, From January to December, The prirriest month of all the twelve Is the merry.month of September! There aro flowers enough in the sum- metaime, • More flowers than I can remember; But none with the purple, red and gold That dye -the flowers of September, W -hen apple's so' -red. -•hang overhead, And nuts, ripe brown, com.e shower- - ing down In the bountiful days of 'September. Remember tbat'atanding thnber will keep; it can wait 'over a period of low prices without rapid deterioration. Just think, -eometimes; what a peat- ty advertisement yete cotildtwrIte for your »best ceelte,rels, 'Adequate records are necessary to the ,efficieet inanageinent of: any busi- ness. The farrpora to be successful, must be a ''business nasun age -Well' as a grower of crops and producer of live abock. Ae bashiess :man he should have suitable husiness( r4;fards.