HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Exeter Times, 1921-6-2, Page 7„CONDliGTED BY PROF. HENRY G.WELL.
The objectof this department is to place at tide Seth
tilce of our farm readers the advice of an acknowledged
eitithorIty on all sitbjectsidertalning to eolle and crops.
Address all questiOns to Pr'ofessor Henry G. i3e142 in
are of The Wilson Publishing CornparVin Lted, 'Toroth
to and answers will appear in'this column In the order4
in which their are received. When writing Ittrfdly men,
!Von this paper. As space is limited it is advisable vvhere
medlate reply is neCessary that a stamped arid adt
'tiliessed -envelope be enclo'serr 'with the question, wfsen
,the answer will be mailed direct •
• ConYriliht by WiIsoa
R. W.: Will it pay a farmer to grow
ipePcorn on a largo scale., and what
is the best 'Variety for Ontario?
Abut what should be the yield -for
a fair crop? It being short, eould it
not be harvested with a grain binder?
'What process of curing won's). be nec-
essary before the popcorn is ready for
zsee,rke.ting ?
Answer: If you are located in the
:corn-grosving section of Ontario it
may pay to grow popcoin on a limited
:scale. I do not know that I would
nlehleise a deep plunge into this Chase
of crop growing without consideratie
,experience. Popcorn has proven a
very valuable crop in sections of
.Michigan, Wie,consin, and New York
states; in fact, in certain sections of
•,Ontario many farmers are making
-considerable 'profit out of growing a
limited area of 'this crop, There are
two general kinds -of popcorn—Rice
' and Pearl; each of these kinds come
,in ,at least three eolo'rs, 'white, yellow,
and •colored:, the colored being fre-
quently red Or redsstreaked. There
are early types and, late types of
-each. Just what the best variety for
-Ontario is I am unable to say but this
information shoulci be obtainable from
'reliable seed:smelt Sixty bushels to
the acre is considered a very good
-crop of popcorn. I do not believe the
-crop could be successfully harvested
-with a grain binder. As a matter of
fact, it is probable that the ripened
-ears could be plucked from the stand-
ing crop. The remainder of the corn
stalks could very well be pastured
• dewn. No curing process is neces-
sary in preparing popcorn other than
placin.g the ripened ears in a crib
'where there is a good circulation. of
air so that the cern may dry out. The
corn is seld both on the car and shel-
led. It is altogether probable that
•fitrtiliz.atio,n of the popcorn crop may
•,.,iiiiiir
have a great influence on the early
-1:ceiling of the corn. We have on file
t ;records of several incidents where
field corn has been hastened to Ma-
turity from one to Livo weeks earlier
by proper fertilization. Fertilizers
that give good results on corn are:
en medium loam soil an ,analysis of
from 3 to 4 Per cent, ammonia, about
8 to 10 per cent. pho.sphorivecid, and
• 8 to 4 per eent. potash, applying same
at from 200 to 400 lbs. per acre.
Earlin.ess and thoroughness of matur-
• ity is an essential point in popcorn
raising, also the balancing of the fer-
The1ifly Gout That, Went to Chweh
There was once a little boy in Box
11 -
rn cht who When, yvas on. his way;
to e•htnieh on morning, stuidenty 're- I
membered that he had forgotten to
to the billy gat before he left home,
little bey's name Was Jimmy. it
; was his duty to be sure that all the
goats were tied before the family
started for chu'rch, so he felt very un-
coeifortable irhleh the memory came
o hiM, ;and even *oree when his
ftvliher askerFenddenly:
I
. sen irou tie. t> the billy goat
t1.115 Morning ?".; .
"No father" .Jinemy " answered
,
bravely; forgot him.
' The bell had etopped ringing and
the pagan, was playing softly and
sweetly as their
efamily went into the
pew in the white ehurch.
Jimmy dicl not knew what might
happen VIAL, the hilly goat loose en
Sunday. He sat very still and thofight
aboutnthe matter. However, as time
passed and. nothing happened, he for-
got the goat and felt easy. Then
something did happen.
'Elie minister was in. the middle of
his sermon When there ea/no the
sound of little feet pattering along
the tiled bow: of the middle aisle! "Pit-
a:pat, pl thpi. th a -p a t I And lilt ere
was the s,o,uncl of a chain clanking
&tong behind the feet.
Everyone in the congregation knew
what the soundS meant: some one's
,geat had come to church, where it had
no busine,se to be. The •church was
built flat on the ground, and so it was
easy for any anirnal to come in:
Halfway up the aisle the goat stop-
ped and spoke right out, "Baal Baal
Baa!" ,he ah 'cheerfully. • Then he
went on ,again, his feet pattering and
his chain -clanking imtil he rea.ched
the choir stall.
A. vestryman rose ttnd tried to put
him odt. He stepped en Billy's chain
and was about to tale him by the paper.
cellar when Billy jumped aside. fl
je-rited the chain frein under the inan's
feet und almeetothrew him totb floors
Then Billy backed etli, leweved his
head and WaS ,about to but the
vestryman hard, het the man got out
of the 4 way.
"Baal:Bea! Beal”- said again, ,
ublishing Co., Limited
tility of the so -if ,gre,atly inoreases the
yield of the crop.
H. K.: I have some...poor land on
which I would likis to SOW sweet
clover. How should I prepare the
field and sow the seed? What kintl
of seed vietild you advisee sioWhig to
raise 'a crop for hey? I eniglit 158tY
that this field hasn't had a eel foi.
several years.
Answer: If your field has been in
small gr,ein os.• Itust year grew a culti-
vated crop, a medium plowing is the
first thing it 1111.1S eceive. following
plowing, broadcast from 1,000 lbs. to
2,000 lbs. per acre of lime and week lit
in by thorough disking and harrow-
ing. This will forin a good seedbed
When such has been accomplished,
drill in sweet clover seed with a nurse
crop, seeding the clover ,tit the rate
of 8 to 10 lbs. of good seed per acre.
If you use barley or oats for the
nurse crop, cut down the ,amount of
this seed to about a bitshel and a
peck per acre; so that the young
• clover plants may have an epportun-
ity of a good start. It would g-relatily
• increase the ,chancies" of a geed stand
of clover if you drill in about 250 lbs.
per acre -of a 2-8-2 fertilizer at the
time the seed is sown.
- A. P.: Will you please tell me what
my land requires? It will grow tim-
othy, clover, or corn fairly well but
will not mature good wheat, their be-
ing plenty of straw14 with shrunken
grain. The soil is a dark sandy loam
with patches of sorrel. This sorrel
comes up, no matter how often the
land is plowed. What is needed. to
make this good soil for all crops?
Answer: From the deseription of
your crops and soil I would ,conclude
that lime is the first thing that you
need, the presence of sorrel would in-
&tate this. I would a:clvise you to
apply lime it the rate of 2,000 lbs.
per acre, working it tin -immediately
after the -ground is plowed, following
this application, if you are growing
grain, with fertilizer as advieeth 413014
se that the crap may get a good start.
'Vie present sournes;s of the soil will
have retarded b,acterial growth uirtil
the -re is -very little free plantfood in
the soil. The 'constituent of plantfoo,d
you must emphasize most is ph.os-
pheric acid since it is the -special duty
of phosphoric acid to invigorate root
•
grOwth and ripening of ;gram, hence
apply at fertilizer high in phos,phoric
eel(' at the rate of about 400 to 500
Ilie. per acre.
Hogs on Pasture.
Cost of production playat very int -
Portant part in deterMining the net
profit a farmer makes on what he has
to sell. Manufacturers of the articles
that a farmer has to buy study the
question of east of production very
carefully. The 'farmer-producee many
of the things the urban worker has to
'buy, arid shouldi do more towards le,
e
sening production costs. Take as an
• example the productionof pork.
Economical production of pork de- „I
pend,s largely upon the cost of feeds, -
, This may be materially re,cluced by
the use of pasture and forage craps
in conjunction with the grain ration.
If the pasture is luxuriant, mature
hogs may he maintained; in a satis-
factory -condition with at very small
amount of grain in addition to the
pasture. , ,
Pasture forage has a variable com-
position. Alfalfa, clover, vetch and
peas furnish feed much higher in
protein. than Most other crops. Where
such leguminous crops are used for
hog pasture a smaller ration of con-
centrates • is necesseay than where
tihnothy, bluegrass, or where the non -
leguminous cereals are sown for pas-
ture. Hag raisers differ in their
opinion a.s to the quantity of grain
that should supplement the pasture.
Seine give the hogs 0:11 they will eat,,
oth,ers from -two to three pounds of
grain per hundred pounds live weight
of the animals, while some feed as lo'w
as one pound of grain per hundred
weight -of live animals. The amount
of grain which should be fedt to grow-
ing hogs or hogs being fattened must
depend on the qualityea$ abundance
of the pasture, the length of tithe
;available for finishing the. animals
and the gains behtg made. Plenty of
clean water, clean" quarters; and suc-
culent pasture, 'along ,with the grain
ration, will certainly reduce the cost
of producing pork and, irvere-ase the
!profits,
haisazzatiser
Ship, irtrar lot to ourselves, and
receive immediate caSh, payment
and the <highest market. price.
'We will treat you right.
Wm. Stone Sons, Limited
.
WOODSTOtK, ONTAR10
Established 1370 '
eintsrawetinessommamegi
To Make at good appearance on the
table,: butter -squares should .be even
and- smoothOne -way of insuring this
is to cut the butter-wit:ha knife cover-
ed with'elied. p-aper.-
___anreas,
'W.heraboiling onions pour milk into
the water. It gives the onions a: nice
flavor and takes away the rank taste,
VIL 11(l LiIP
_
goo In 40 06,1111.10
741111110110 4„4100,Le-
ti
meimmosimv
vuiti
'Manufactured by
THE" CANADIAN STEEL AND WI E CO, Ilrnited
Hamilton
Canada
le ay
JUNE
Making the Nati on Christian Psa. 33: 12; Prov. 14: 34;
jimmy 'wished thatthe floor would • 13:140. 4o1de
Iepen end let him drephlawn to
All the other children were laughing,
;
but ite for jin.uy, thiere was nothing
1 -to laugh about. a
I He was thankful when his father
;get up and helped 'several -other in‘en
I pat thn. g -oat eat Of 'Church, Billy was
Idetermined not to be put out; he hatted
, 'and baned; he bent his head and shook
I Inc horns at the Men and made a
shocking dist:us:Lance, But he had to
leo. As the men s-vetre ,pulling the goat
Ipast Jimmy's pew, Jimmy raised his
shamed head and looked at him, Then
he threw back hes ileac!, ashamed no
longer, for it was not his gent!
When at last the goat war safely
outside arid the door was closed, and
when all the mothers had made their
children 'Step smiling and the clergy-
man was getting ready to begin agarn,
Jimmy whisnereck to Lis father, "Shall
beexeus,ed ,ancl go home and tie our
o am go et ?," ,
Jimmy's father • shook his hee,d.
Then he bent eider •and whispered, "I
tiecl him myself before we left home."
After that no one ever had to re-
mind Jimmy to he :sure that the hilly
goat was tied to his poet an Sunday
morning.
en-e.enene.
A Sick Room Device.
To add interest to the monotonous
days in a siek room, arrange a ;shelf
that will hook over the "foot" of the
bed, -and on itnirrange flowers in :pots
ar vases. Then Change these about
with Pictures and other interesting
things. The saine kind al shelf can
be ,a,ttachecl tO the „"foot" of a brass
or an iron bed.'
Do not put medicines on such a
shelf—just pleasant, thin.grs that will
help pass the, time -arid be more enter-
taining than the 'pattern of the wall -
Ten Ways to Preve t Fires on Your Farm
y- HarrY Botsford
The average fire loss in Ontario
for the last three years exceeds one
miilLou dollars a month; a per capita
less of $5 for eveu man, woman.. and
child in the province. The average
annual fire loss in the principal
European counitcliesi under normal
Conditions, is 33 cents per capita.
-Much of this enermous loss earn be
preven:tecl by proper fire precaution:S.
An analysis of the fire's, ef -the paist
three years will serve to bring be-
fore us some facts th-at are rather
surprising:
Ligitining is the chief 'cause of fires
on farms. This deng.er may be re-
moved. iby the installation of nightning
rods, for the wholeof a lass of
$491,910 is due to lightni.n:g striking
buildings.
The second great eause of fires .in
farm buildings is defective fines and
chhieheysi
Sparks on reefs sttLitd third as a
,
cause of fires. -
Exposseire---really a result of fire',
a-nd not a primary cause—is respon-
sible for a :heavy lo -se.
Matches—In 1918 there were 991
fires caused by matches, entailing
loss of $552,404, in Ontario.
Spontaneous ,cambuition is one of
the naetiest haizardls of the whale lot,
and farmers lase hea,vity from this
cause. •
Poor eileetriciaI wiring- and faulty
insulation were resp,oriiitale far a con-
siderable lass. • •
During 1918 there were 836 barns
hurried in °lista/if:5, causing a less of
$1,093,931. The buildings destroyed
were val,uedi at. $677,096 and their, cone
tents at $416,835.
Let us consider passible ways and
means of „preventing this huge na-
tional lose.
The lightning los,s 'may be readily
eliminated by rodding every farm
building, including barnsi'houses, out-
buildings, silos, and all structures.
Even wire fences Should be "g-ilounicl-
ed.." Farm animals inpastur,e
usa-
nily drift along with a storm until
they come to a barrier, often a wire
fence. In an electrical s-to,ran this
fen,ce will inc charged with lightning,
and, unless grounded, there may be a
loss of valuable animals. Allowing the
ground wires to project ,a few inches
,above the tap of the fence will pre-
vent strokes. If your wire fences are
connected with farm buildinge, a
ground ;connection Shahid be made -at
the first C:ost, from the •
To go into detail trelative to the
proper methods Of chimney e,oristruce
tion is not the purpo,s,e ,of this article.
The following, however, may he us,e,c1
es a proper standard of construction:
Solid brick or .cotetrete chimneys
should ,be at least four Meshes tin
thicknessi, exclusive of flue lining;
conerete ehould be -reinforced vertical-
ly and horizontally to prevent cracks;
stone thinineys should be at least four
inches thicker than required, for cor-
responding concrete or brick aim-
theiy, and shoulcl have flite linings;
r:ulliblestotte tleinineye should' be at
tenet 12 inches thielt. Chi-Mine:ye
should never rest on wooden beam
or brackets. .
Flue holes, when not ill uta, -shoalci
he -covered with ,tight -fitting metal
covers, and never ;pasted ever withe
paper. A Inaba] collar should lie needs
at leaeot 12 inches larger than the
9
Connecting Links ----The ,citizen who
i'ea'ande 'his duties of citizens -kin in
the light of the teaching and example
of Jeeps will find a solution of inany
;difficult problems, He cannot bp a
mer patisari 1 -le will not be aVII' d
abiled
Peadera. [le will not selfish or sectional, or class interests
or hatteds. • Re
dispaesiairate laide7t ‘deliiilsidtetcolvrvse'Dieinbest
' wttlo
iti
1ightt of all the
or
the peoPle and the nation, and he will
port thoist41:r mol,11.1n6id iesaibilsztatifotth•S:e
dif-
1 fere: from others, will do so intelli-
gently. a,nd ,conseientiously, and he
will not hesitate to break with party,
or with leader, if he believes thern to
be wr.aniele
Psalm 33: 12. Blessed is the nation.
The most important duty of the na-
ti;on, es of the individual:, is to seelc
God,. The nation's true wealth is in
finding and knowing God, Just as that
is the true wealth of the individual
man. Our statesmen should re,cegreize
this our incligee and our magistraites,
The .poet of \ ancient Israel hold
Ieraelfs chief possessioa , to be Je-
hovah. So, in- Psalm 16, he says
:—
"I have said unto Sehovali, Thou art
my Lord: I have no good beyond
thee."
"Jehovah is the p,ortiori of mine hi-
ll era:a:nee.'
In Psalm 18: "1 lave:thee, 0 Lord
my strength."
In Psalm 23: "The Lord is my shep-
herd." "
In P-solin 27: "The Lorci is my light
and, my salvation." , -
The nation is indeed blessed whieh
finds in the God revealed in Jesus
Cluiist its wealth, its strength, its
gaidence, and its eafety.
Prov. 14: 34. Righteousness exalteth
a nation. So said the ancient law of
Israel: "That which is altogether just
sh-alt thou follow that thou mayest
live, andinherit the lend which the
Lord thy Gott thee." This was
also the teaching of the prophets, as,
for ex,arrspleo in Isa. 1: 16-17; Jerenn
7: 5-7; Am -os. 5: 24; Micah 7: 6-8;
Zech. 8: 16-17. And this same nation-
al ideal of chartucte,r is found again
and ,again in the Psalms'. See Psalm
15, 18: 20-26; 37: 5-6, 28-31, and many
other passages. "
Rom. 13: 1-10. The higher powers.
Paul has the vision and the outleok
of a Christian statesraan. His, ambi-
tion is to make the law of Christ the
law of nations. But inc knows that
In his time Christ's law of lave has
net yet. taken possession of all men,
It has not even in mu- time. One may
dream of a social order in which
every ina,n will of his own accordann,c1
of his own -will, do what is right, but
that is an ideal still far from being
realized. For its, own s,afety. and
well-being every society must have its
irulersi The priniitive s,ocial -unit, the
!family, has as its rulers the father
and the mother, and the group of
f,aneilies which constitute the clan or
tribe has its council of elders, an,d its
head of the council who ;becomes chief
or king. Such powers or authorities
arise out of the very nature of things.
The authorities elected by popular
vote in a democracy are their legiti-
mate successors, for they are the
chosen representatives of the Midi -
stovepipe, at -every pleee where the
pipe goes through a floor or roof. No
Parc stovepipes should ever be placed
within .12 inches of any wooded part;
of the building. A stovepipe often!
gets 'red-hot, and the fire hazard is I
obvious in„eases`of this kind.' It ise
advisable to have all wooden surfaces'
near the ',stove, Protected with &fleet;
metal or iasbeistois. If metal is used
there should be an air space left be-
hind it. ,
Accelerating elinggish fire with
-kerosene has Icing' been a butt for,
humorists, and yet this form of grass;
carelessness bc responSible for many -I
'destructive fires endanu,ch loss of life.'
'Dumpinet ashes in ,a wooden barrel
has cans,ed: many fires. Ashes slrouldl
be placed in metal containens with!
tight -fitting cevers,^ a safe distance'
from all buildings.
Threshing time is a dangerous time
on the _farm from a fire -prevention
standpoint. A county representative
told me of a terrible fire that he Ita.d
witnessed in which two men were
• trapped in n silo that they were help-
ing to fill. A spark from a gasoline
engine flew into the adjacent barn
which was filled with grain. Within
one minute the huilding was a mass
of flames., and the two men in the
-silo died; a terrible death. A spark
'arrester on the me,c,hinery would have
,sarved this terrible lose of life and
property.
Every stray spark from a chimney
is whirled through the air, and at
last finds a resting place. II that
resting place is a shingle red, a fire
may result. With timber cheap, there
Was a good excuse for -roofing with
Shin-gles, but at the present price of
eiltingles there is no reason ;why a
safe material may not 'be used.
The mysterio-us -chemical action
that we know of as spontaneous com-
bus,bion can be practiee.liy eliminated
by the use of proper precautions.
Wooden beanie that s'tand in. the midst
of damp grain Or hay are often char-
red by spontaneous cornibustio,n before
the hay Os grain blazes. It is strong-
ly urged that all such iveoclen pillars
be covered by asbestos er metal cov-
ering. Keeping grain or hay in well -
ventilated rooms -will tend Ito reduce
this particular hazard.
Despite every reasonable effort the
farmer may take, ei blaze m,ay de-
velop, and -proper provision :should be
made for just such- a condition,
Buckets of water, properly protected
against freezing, sh,ould be kept at
convenient Place's in, ell buildings.. A
peal of water at -the right tinve will do
more good than hundreds; of gallons
after the fire gets under way. A small
anto,unt cif bicarbonate of ;Soda placed
ill e,aeli bract will add to the eadin-
guishing qualities 01 the water. The
patent liquid extinguisherseare excel-
lent fire -fighting tools, and their use
is urged.
Around the farm .garage or tractor,
whore tuer6 is a passibility of on Ion
or gasoline fire is an excellent place
for buckets of fine sand. Sand: smoth-
ers en oil or ga,soline fire in • short
order, while water will only serve to
spread the flamee.
'Community fire -fighting plans can
be Profitably laid in every farm
trict. 'Several districts have carried
gut plans in this clireetionnincluding
the purchaee of some fire -fighting ap-
p,aratue.. The advantages of each
Organizations are ob id 0 US.
ra Text—Prov. 14: 34.
viduals and fainilies which Melte up
the elate. No d.onlit, 4' large and
complex ocrivty, such a method of
eleetien ,should be soug'h't ta,s 'will en-
sure the fairest and widest represen-
tation, of kill cle,sses, interests, and
40(3, ,so
chosen should have the loyal support
of all good citizen:se-a support, 11,0W -
civeri !Which wilt not exclude fair and
reasonable and friendly criticism.
The higher powers Of St. Paul's
time were those of the Raman l'ilrepire,
which in many cases hard, established
iteelf by cosi-quest and ruled withoutI
the c,onsent of the governed people.
Yet, for the most part, ite rale was
just. The Roan -an arms eleared sea
and land of pirates and robbers,
established and. preserved pioace, ansi!
made travel and commerce both pos-
sible ,and safe. Manly people were
much better elle under Roman rule
than they *cold h,ave been if intle-
pendent, The Empire proseflecli,nt
le,als.t, an educative dis,cipline, as th,e
British Empire has done in many
lands, through which subject peoples
were prepared for self-go;vernment.
Paul lays down the general prin-
ciple that such higher powers are of
God. ;and should be obeyed. No doubt
lie would not lithe couns'elled obedi-
ence to anything morally wrong, nor
would he have denied the right of
subject pcsaidle to revolt against a
tyrannical o,r unjust government;
such revolts iwould, be merely a trans-
fer of allegiance to rightful auth-or-
Ries cho-sen by the people. But where
the -powers are established eind re-
cognized they ,should be obeyed. The
• good citizen will keep the laws of
his country. ;
The ruler thus becomes a minister
of God, to whom obedience is render-
ed, not by eees.ote of fear or force, but
for conscience sake.
Pay ye tribute. The injunction, in
terms, of to -day, would be, "Pay ye
taxes." Even though they- bear h-eav-
ily at times, ancl we desire economy
administration, they are. neee,ssary
for the conduct of the affairs of the
nation.
Owe no many anything but to love
one another." This is a great precept,
a finely -conceived ideal end -1aw of
citizenship. Paul's injunction is to
give tax or tribute, Tear or revereike,
and honor, where they are due, and
lave to all, and thus to discharge- our
debt to all.
Love worketh no ill. Love works
manner of lgood. Lave is the one
great Christian law.
Application.
The Je,ws were intensely patriotic
and felt very keenly their sad politi-
cal state. They ree.alled the glory of
farmer days and writhed under foreign
dosninion. As a result of this, rebel-
lions were constantly breaking ont,
and the Jews hopesi thus to attain
politioal freedom. The message of
Jesus- to these men ivas that the real
slavery was the slavery of sin.. This
uniclerlyin:g moral conditionwas res-
ponsible for their political servitude.
To th-ese men, hot with resentment
against Roman rule, Jesus saki:
"Everyone that committeth sis is, the
bondservant of sin." Thus Jesus show-
ed that the real hond'age is when the
soul is under the dominion of evil
pa ssion.
Fractures.
The word fracture comes from the
Latin word frange, which ineans,
break; therefore, a fractured hone is
a brokers. bone. Fractures may be
either simple or compound. "In a
simple fracture the bone is broken in-
side the skins without much lace -ration
of the surrenn,ding parts, and with-
out any external wound. A compound
fracture is a =eh more,s-eriou.s affair,
for the skin is broken, and sometimes
the fractured bcine protrudes through
the wound In very bttd cases the bone
itself is splintered into -sinaill frag-
ments, and the tissues ell round are
severely lacerated. Whe-n a fracture
is "complete" the b!0ne is broken en-
tirely across; when it is "inco-mplete"
the ,bone is broken partly through, or
the tough membrane that covers the
bone is not torn.
Children are nmeh more likely to
escape with incomplete, or "green
stick," fractures than old people are,
because their bones are rnucle less
brittle. Therefore a broken hone isa
a chilcl often cracks halfway 'Enough,
and then splits up leng-thwise, just as
a green stick breaks when, you bend
it. The bones of the old-, on the con,
traria .iesnally snap right ;across, just
as the old stick snaps after it has
,grown dry and old. ••
The treatment of fracture varies act -
cording to the particular bon -a injured
ancloalso ,a,ccording to the kind -of frac-
ture—svhether simple or eompound,
Of whether complete, incomplete, Or
splintered,. The most difficult thing
is, to getithe broken ends of the bone
ex-actly into place and to keep them
in place after they are set. That is
because the consten,t pulling, of the
!muscles sometimes- makes it almost
-impossible to keep the broken ends
together.
When the !break is in the middle of
a long bone, like the arm bone or t,he
thigh bone, the usual practice is to
put the limb hito a splint, .after the
fracture is set, and, to fasten a weight
to the lower extremity. That keeps
the muscles etretiohed so that they
are ;unable to pull the bones out of
place, Occasionally 'this method, is in-
effectual, and !then it -is necessary to
tut down to the ho -ms and fasten the
two ends into place by Mecum; 01 a
metal plate, nailed right into -tire
shaft of the bone.,
The result, even With the most ex.
pert 'treatment, is sontetiinee unsatis-
factory, andthe surge,on in inany
cases is -blamed unjustly for a d,eform-
ity that nothing -could halve prevented.
• Systems of Feeding Hogs
Compared.
The high cost of coarse grains that
has obtained during recent years has
in,acie it necessary to give ,careful con-
sideration in the feeding, of hogs and
to the methods of supplying the feed.
Useful information on this point was
brought out in a series of experiments
carried on for several years at -the Ex-
perimental F•arm at Ottawa. Experi-
ment was carriecl on to -compare the
following systems: (a) the nee of a
limited grain ration given to hogs on
pasture, (b) trough feeding in -an open
feed lot without pasture, (c). allowing
blie hags free aceess td grain rations
placed in a self -feeder inethe bare feed
lot, (d) ,hand feeding by the trough
method in p -ens, (e) the use of a self -
feeder in perse. The results of this
test with respect to cost per pound; of
gain was as follows:
Pasture and limited grain. 9,7 c,ents
Trough fed (paddock) .... 10.3 "
Self -fed (paddock) 9.8 "
Self -fed (inside) 0,3 "
Besides arriving at a conviarison of
the cost of gains made by the hags
feeding according to the different sys-
tems, certain other conclusions were
reached at the conclusion of the ser-
ies which was continued up to the end
of March, 1920. These conclusions
are 'as follows:
1. Pasture Tesclin,g, using a limited
grans ration (trough Ted), proved
slightly more economical than whore
the sell-fee,d,er free choice system was
used the yoar before, considering the
higher! -cest of ail Teed.
2. That the self-feeding method
proved ,slightly more expensive in cosi;
per pound, but that the hogs so fed
were ready for market front ten, to
fifteen days earlier.
3. That the selifefeeder is a good Log
fattener, but not to be recommended
ill, the growing of young breeding
stock, Trough feeding M this experie
meld proved nio-i5C eeenemieal indoors.
Itt outside 'feeding the reverse was the
ettoe.
4. That hogs led in cool ind,00r
quarters snitched with earth, charcoal,
etc., and with a reasonable Amount of
green feed, make mere economical
g,anen.ettlian those similarly !Ceti °tit-
an:ate,. Ii`sea--,seir-sicl end sunburn gen-
erally is a Most sefStriiliOT 'condition with
the yOung white -.skinned inididt•
The red mitea sonietAtnts leuodcia
the p-oultry roosts are rect beidatige
they are wiiic the bloiod of tit*
paultry wlueli they 'two drawn whillia
the birds were on ,the root. gala
that hire pestered with mites every
night ore reduced in health end vigor
and cermet lay so- nmicsry etrg'5-. "
rolsg,0 are sprayed with mite -killing
solutions no mites will ever trauhte
the hone.
are seVerat ways of killing
the mites., Take a brush and 4 sn
pail of kerosene oil and paint the
rocibS about once each month during
the hot weather and every other
month in the winters. The commercial
coal,tar disinfectants can be diluted
with water and painted osi the ronsti
or sprayed on with at hand potato
sprayer If thereere only a few roosts,
We find the Ciatnimercialimlictinee a
little cheaper than 'kerosene.
The -old ei,1 drained from an auto
engine catt be used to p-aint the roosts.
Commercial lice paint will give pro-
tootion for g long time. The insain
point is to keep up the mite applica-
tions often enough ,so that the pests
will never become thieltly ntrenched
in wery crack and crevice of the
house. In neglected poultry houses
the mites will sonietime,s hang in
great re -d clusters and.er .the roasts.
The nests may also betionfe infested.
In such eases the birds will often
hide their nests ,and roost anywhere
outside rather than opine in the in-
fested house. But too often the liens
will use inite-infested roos-ts .and they
are ,Steackly devitalized by the ex-
perience.
Blue ointment, is the best treatment
for lioe we have ever used. It con be
mixed half -end -half with low-grade
vaseline. Both mat,erials can he ob-
tained et the druggists end a -small
tin box of the mixture will last is
small farm float for several years.
It is• applied by placing a hit tinder
e,ach wing and beneath the vent. Ruh
in the ointment thono,u.ghly. It is
poison and must be placed ,away from
the young children and farm stook.
Hens that have a gond dust bath
will a,ecomplish e great deal in free-
bag themselves fliora lice. In the sum-
mer they will enjoy dusting on sunny
day:s in the garden loam. Save up e
few boxes of garden soil for winter
use and it will hdlip itt keeping the
hens healthy and free. from "nests.
It pays to spray the n-ests occasion-
ally -to keep them free from lice. Use
quarter -inch niestiwire ten the p,onl-
try house windows and sparrows will
not rtioet in the h.onse. They seent
to -be carriers ef lice and should be
exterminated aroun-d the poultry
houses as much as possible,
Canada's Trade With the
Unlied States in Butter
and Egg's.
In 1919 the 'United States reached
its p-eak in the export of butter, the
,antourit going 'abroa-d that year being
32,739,060 of which 203,372 lbs.
ceme to Canada. In 1917 our neigh-
-bars ex,p-orted 66,050,013 lbs, of cheese,
that year being their busiest itt that
commodity. Of this amount 460,080
IPs eante to Canada. Our best export
year M these products was 1920,
where of 87,454,172 lbs. of butter im-
ported by the 'United States we sup-
plied 10,693,311 lbs., and of 15,993,725
lbs. of chees,e imported by that noun -
try we furnished 6,031,404 lbs. But
last year was very exceptional far,
in the first twenty years of th.e cen-
tury, our imports from the United
State -s of butter(' amonnted in all to
13,554,553 lbs. and cur exports to 9,-
394,981 lbs., and of chees-e to 12,607,-
143' lbs. in imports and 4,031,015 lbs.
in exports, '
Reverting to the year the world
war brake out, namely 1914, we find
that the United States inni5rted,7,-
200,699 lbsof butter of which we only
supplied. 500,623 Inc., and 55,477,049
Nes, of cheese of which 1,346,128 Inc.
was -frani this country, or less than
onegfortie,th. Taking the yefaris 1916
to 1918, o-flicial figures les'ued both
from Ottawa. ancl Washington show
that Canada imported, practioally 66
per omit. 11.10re butter from the 'United
States than she sent to that country -
The greatest disparity, howeve-r, was
in cheese, as in those years we im-
ported from the United States no less
than 10,314,594 lbs. avhile we only sup-
plied to that country 2,748,563 lhs,
In the last six yean% the United States
has exported 245,196,429 lbs. elt
cheese against 31,370.357 lbs. in the.,
previous six years- end imported 10S,-
655640 lbs. against 287,205,591 lbs. In
the same period, that is in the last
six years, Canada exported to the
United States 6,724,692 lbs. of eheesiii
and imported from there 8,124,693
lbs„ end in the, previous' s,hx years
expOrted to the United States 2,372,-
447 Inc. and irriporte.d from that CO -411, --
try 2,935,905 lbs. Tints eatih ease
vve imported more than ave expattedi
Of butter in the last half dozen years
Canada exported to the United! Stat -es
16,277,598 lbs..ana inip,orted from that
country- 7,186,639 lbs. Iry the previous
six years we exported to the United
States 2,724,400 ihe. and imported
'tram there $,121,412 lbe.
That the trade of the United States
in dairy ,crocluots exceeds greatly inc
exports is proven by the font that for
the last four nears the average value
in ;experts has been. $97,711,577 While ,
the imparts from all counbries have
„only averaged $15,902,ti70, or less than
one-sixth, The manufectine of
deneed milk increased mverrnausity ini
the United States durieV, 'itie War