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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Exeter Advocate, 1920-6-17, Page 6• One often hears the statement .lade that it -does not pay to give pigs more than the most ordinary attention and ;- -" r ._--�--.`, '' �'•��'' the farmer oan scarcely be blamed Addremss communications to Agronomist, 73 Adelaide St, West, Toronto inexperienced and yet has to be paid in this respect if his hired help is. Thin the Apples. ,if .Teo Thick. - • There are some very good reasons why it will •pey to thin the frbit on the apple trees, if too thick. Where spraying is followed it is very com- e to overproduce if thin - Ping is not done, for not mueli fruit• falls, -An overload makes the fruit anferior :sa size and quality. • Orchard • men - who hale thinned overloaded trees say thinning is a saving of labor instead of an increase of labor as niany contend •it is. The pieking of small fruits and the extra `"care in grading at harvest time will more than make up for the additional labor of thinning. Where tests have been made it was found that in some cases the raving in labor was twice as much as cost of thinning, when all - the work of picking, enaling and peek- ing, was taken into consideration; and this did not count the prefft from the better fruit. If you will stop to eonsider. you e..n readily see" that there would be a E ;• ditfereree between picking three of four small apples or one big one, alai ,n cadging cat the hundred and one '-i- f t earls caused by crowding.. �1•i a - I etre- ; au untithired or, bard last sum • - rear in weal h net bait the apples were. of are Lee Leen pet'fect shape. 1 ,,ml,:mt if ora than twenty, per rent. of the f :nt w ehl sell as first class, pr.*'e,'de wine w uI4 if the size ;;'; ± ? tel he, tetnelgered E k. rlv; and that, c"rel ".r:r had been sprayed well and the:roes were healthy. S 9 •atro ring, tie mel ef:en rein t in no tap at al! the folder:hie* year; if the ,e. ;;gree rlc fill:,.': d the trees wi:l • i' geniel: ice ren mi,. ;*,m thing te', or.'i .,r where s',rne' '• .1 teiiy ee- too tnealt- heee i Oji ., attire tiff~ era it ..;,. .. g hoar fir s. eery ether y, a:. 'I'°: .. w net pay. Tit thin - t : `.0 .. keep tai.:i the %ho , ^ , m I:� oars in the .: i e'en. r,-;, c if yea levee oaly few f.um t far home. us.e :lie, liinl.ua iidaehines Aro Dependable'. helpers. 4 , i the :att liour n'or. hs I leave' i t: eery dairy itinns where' momm'lunes are in use. 1 have' net heari a word of dissatisfaction' f.reis, one of the twenty ueers; every; user has said, but not in so nianyo >.•o. i:, that his milking machine is ae. dependable helper. The telett,nany of these twenty. -user, only strengthens my belief that; in a herd cif not less than fifteen cows a milking machine is a paying invest- ment. Where there is a gasoline en- gine or a motor on the farm, so that a milking machine does not call for extra p.:'wer, a herd of twelve cows is large. enough to make a milking nma- cl:ne pay. The principal things that make niiiking inachines sueh dependable help, aeeording to the testimony of these twenty men, are as follows: 1. Machine milking takes Iess time than hand .milking.. 2. The last cow milks as easy as the first; consequently there is no tend- ency to slight the last cow, as in hand milking. 3. It is easier to get hired help on a dairy farm where cows are milked by machinery. 4. One man can take care of more cows with a milking machine,• thus cutting down overhead expenses per cow. 5, Cows have less udder trouble when properly milked by machinery. 6. hared -milking cows, or cows with tender udders or sore teats, are more readily milked by machinery. 7. Machines are more dependable than hired men. S. Cleaner milk is possible with ma- chine milking, if the machines are properly cared for, 9. Take a great deal of drudgery out of dairying. 10. It eosts less to mill, by machin- ery. Where the milking machines are used, considerable extra time and labor are involved in washing and caring for the, machines. But the time. required for this work is .lade up many times in the greater speed of milking with machines. The opinion of .most of the users with whom I talked is that the sur- cese of a milking machine depends al- most entirely on the man who uses it. The worst thing that can happen is to have a green hand or careless, hand operate a machine, The char deter of work done by a good machine is no better than the care it gets. `,My advice to -any mea who ex-; pecte to buy a milking machine,, said one man with whore I talked, "is to` be sure he understands the machine.i A milking,. machine, like a eream sep-1 ;;rater, or more so, is an abomination if not kept clean. It is up to the plan. who buys the machine to make a suc- cess of ma chine milking. The milk- ing machines of twenty-five year:- ago were jokes. Those of today are rear-, ly me,:hanically perfect." Age When Fruit Trcea Bear. Pe.Acr,i ng the age of a tree from time tines ;hen it is planted in its reerneneent place, apple trees shettld beet':t to bear, as a rule, when they have been planted from six to eight" years. Certain varieties. such as.the Yellow Transparent eel Wegener,- may e ener,-may bear coni dentbiy younger; others. such as the Northern Spy, not until they are somewhat older. Indi- vidual trees of the same variety vary somewhat in this respect. Pear trees bear, in general, at about the same age as apple trree, though perhaps a little younger, Peach trees under favorable condi-' tions often bear at three years of age,' and in any event they should bear ate four years, unless injured by frost or otherwise. Plums vary considerably according to the group to which they belong, but most sorts begin to bear in four or five years after plainting. Sour cherries ordinarily begin to bear in about four years and sweet cherries at six or seven years after' planting. Apricots come into bearing at about! the same age as peaches, or a little later. Quinces are usually five or six years old before they bear much fruit. Raspberries, blackberries and dew- berries, if planted in the spring, should bear a light crop the next year. Strawberries planted in the spring, or early enough in the autumn to make a good growth before the advent of cold weather, should produce a crop the next season. Currants and gooseberries common- ly bear a few fruits the third season. after. planting. Grapes may bear very lightly the third season, where conditions are favorable, but not much fruit should be expected earlier than the fourth year. Idleness must be discouraged in the broods which are confined, as it is almost certain to lead the chicks into evil ways—bad habits. Toe pecking and other forms of cannibalism are invariably the pro- ducts of injudicious feeding and idle- ness. Harmlessly inclined at first, a few chicks will pick at another's toes; an abrasion starts; the victim's toes commence to bleed, the sight of which seems to thrill the rest of the flock with a bloodthirsty impulse; they get a, taste of the blood and fight viciously for it, until very soon their victim is rendered helpless and subsequently is partially devoured. In a surprisingly short time the habit spreads throughout the entire flock, and where ehicks are brooded in large numbers, as they are round stoves, the floor of the brooder com- partment willbe the scene of numer- ous gatherings of chicks fighting and tumbling over themselves in frenzied attacks upon unfortunates that are powerless to resist then. Brooder operators are cautionedto keep on the lookout for the first signs of this habit, and to isolate the ring- leaders at once. If a chick is injured in any way, especially if thereis any blood showing, isolate it, to forestall an outbreak of cannibalism. ' Changing the diet sometimes checks cannibalism. Increase the animal feed —milk or beef scrap, or both; reduce the grain ration; if a mash is fed it is well to make it a light feed, such as eoarse-flake branand mealed alfalfa The beef scrap may be added to this mixture. ee— Buy Thrift Stamps. TED! At all points in Ontario For the -KnoanOns Saver 99 n� 'k'. AWs lAL..v.uY l..:. �M vx ,...•vs. ,1,', AND CARBON .REMOVER Saves its. -price siman ti y yes eadi season Thousands of satisfied •customers testify to its .merit, including -tile biggest and most Pro- minent business firms. Liberal commission to students and can, vassf,ng agents selling direct -to auto owners. NO KNOCKS GAS SAVERS. Limited 102.W. RYCHIIONiJ ST., TORONTO as high a wage as a real good exper- ienced .fan, The keeping of a. few pigs is prac- tically always a paying proposition but, to make it more so, means must be resorted to whereby the labor- can be reduced to a minimum, particular- ly as the pigs are apt to receive the scantiest of attention ''in any ease. Towards this end, therefore, it seems ohly natural to try to find out • just how well pigs will thrive if allowed to feed themselves. By feeding them - ant s lves is meant the e e adoption of a "self-feeding" method whereby the pigs are allowed access to a limited supply of dry feed whenever they feel so inclined. This system is of value` to the breeder who goes in for swine raising on a large seale .and also to the small farmer who has other countless duties to perform but finds the feeding of pigs the worst chore of all. The latter might find the "self -feeder" of great value, particu- larly in reducing expenses. With a view to gaining some de- finite information en the use of time "self -feeder" for swine, experiments have been carried on at the Experi- mental Farm, Agassiz, B.C., for sev- eral seasons. Comparisons have been made in the use of the "self -feeder" as against the trough -feeding .method.' As far as cost of -feed is concerned, results go to show very little differ- ence one way or the other, but when the labor question is considered, the; value of the "self -feeder" cannot be ignored. This comparison of the "self- feeder" with the trough -feeding me- thod is being eontinued until absolute and definite results are obtained, but up-to-date, howevtr, the advantages, of the "self -feeder" have been etril.-; irgly evident. With all classes of feeders this de- vice ran bo used to advantage, while it also may be remade use of in the feeding of young sows up to breed-, ing age. With mature breeding stool:,' however, it is wise to avoid the use of the "self -feeder." The "self -feeder" for swine has' many features to commend it, one of the .most important being the face that, of all farm enimals, none adapt then elves eo profitably to this me- thod as do swine. Where only two or! three pigs are kept, the use of a, "self -feeder" can hardly be recom- mended butt. with more than ten pigs , the adoption of a "self -feeder" is well worth a trial. Finally, as a means towards the reduction of the "labor expense, the "self -feeder" has a dis- TIIE. SUNDAY SCHOOL LESSON tinct advantage over hand -feeding THE SUNDAY SCHOOL methods, JUNE 20TH, Replace Swiirg Barn - Doors. The Lord Our Shepherd --Psalm 23. Golden Text, Psalm 2a 1. 1. My Shepherd. The poet rem -em - The wind came up suddenly. He was bered his own day, and nights with the flock on the Bethlehem moors, and standing just outside the barn on the be call find no more appropriate figure drive. A heavy :gust caught the big than this to describe rod's care for svriimging door whi•ch had been o erred but not propped, swung it with ter- His people. So very often in the Old rible force against him, and the life Testament is God compared ared to a shep- herd out of Egypt Ile led forth His of a promising young farmer eante to an end, The swinging door did itto, own peoplele l.ke sheep, and guided If the door had been properly prop. ,them in the wilderness like 'a flock, ped open the accident might have hap- and I -le led ot." (Psalm. '78: 52.)em safely, so that they feared not. pened just the same, for when wind He is the "Shepherd of Israel" get a powerful pressure behind a hig (Psalm 80 1), who "shall feed his door it exerts a powerful pressure and o rather the lambs in it might have brought his ht the door around flock, and shall b m s aim, and carry them in his bosom" just the same. That can not be de- (Ise. 40: 11). Ile is the good shop finitely settled, We do know, how- herd. of Ezek, 34: 11-16, to whom ever, that a good roller door would m z • -1' i John 1. have saved this young man's life. Christ coma paree Himself t n oh 0. There are many, heavy barn doors 11-16. areCompare Heb, 13: 20; 1 Peter on the barns of this country. Every 2: 25;a 5:- 4;4; and Rev. 7: 17, ore of them ought to be replaced at The men of the Old Testament once by a strong, well-hung teller learned that, though they might sum - door. Such doors are not expensive things" fer from the want or loss of material and they can be .made and hung by the they possessed all real and farmer himself, perfect good in the the f efavor and blessing Seven -eighths -inch stuff is the right of their God, thickness, and it should be planed on 2. In green pastures ant beside the both sides. A. perfectly level space stillat ts. The shepherd seeks for should be found for nailing the boards his hock' the best pastures,, and rest.. together, The barn Elder i$ a good ing places in the ehadott; of trees by place.. IIelp enough should be on 'springs .or pools of mviitem;� The rat- hand to raise the dccra after theyare ter pas ,age is, literally. by waters of rest. Compare Ezek, 31: 14-16. done. Guides ought to be at the bot- R is a great faith which regards God u tom to prevent the door from swing- with such sifaite amid whole -hearted g out. A has; and staples will hold p the doors together in the middle. Somel confidence, and which can Find satis- put a small door through one of the faction and rest even in the midst of big, ores, through which to go to the perils and in the presence of foot. f;It ;s what James Mussell Lowell cal - barn floor, but I do not like this so led "eonfic ingneee and affection." It well. Better put the small door some- is loving and trusting Iiiin whose goodness never fails and witese care never slackens or grows we^,ry. We, Pigs should never have birthdays, who have found God in Christ .Esus, unless they are befog saved for breed-4fknow well how{ good a shepherd He ie, erg stock, and into what heavenly places" lie is _..e, • eontinuully leading us. 3. He rei4oreth my noel. Th idea reeding, an orphan foal: Cow's .milk liar to be well sweetened with sugar ms that eoe reviving, strengthening,rtot. or molasses and should be rather poor ,vhgiving t wearyea life and vigor t S tdoes in butterf=tt for the feeding of an who are and fa.tett: �. S°°> :roes orphan foal. The -Milk should be fedi the Lord. restore His people. IIe leadeth me. Just as sure as we warm once an hour at first, and theme are of His care for our wants, so sure six times a day. As soon as the foal are we of His leading. Not in devious will eat, it should be allowed crushed ways or..desert byways does God lead, sate, and wheat bran should be added gra-Wally. where else. The Welfare of le. Horne Children at the Company Table. Aimost every one of us can look back on those times when,. with black rebellion in our hearts, sitting at the table when there was company for dinner, we watched the grown-ups ex- claim over the wonderful dessert that mother or Bridget had concocted, and tried to choke down our "nice prunes." Of course, there are families where the children have their meals by them- selves and are not allowed to comae to the table with the rest of the family. But in most homes this is not true. All properly brought up children know perfectly well that there are a great many things that grown-ups may e'tit that they may not, and usu- ally they do not mind. But when there is -company, it does seem as if they should share in the fun. The thoughtful mother will never. begrudge the few extra minutes and the little extra work that will make the children feel that they are not abused. 'It really isn't much .mors trouble when you have everything out on the table Saturday and are baking the Sunday layer cake to mix up a single little sponge cake, or a brown sugar ginger bread, and bake it and ice it for the children. Every mother who studies the care of children knows perfectly well that they should not have pie, but pie is usually daddy's favorite dessert, and when it comes on he makes a big fuss over it. Why not, on those days 'that you have pie, make one specially for the little folks? It isn't any more trouble than the usual rice pudding or custard. Cook 'some rice and when cold line a deep plate"with, it. Fill it with stewed fruit, apples, peaches or aprioote, pour some soft custard over it, and cover with meringue. It is. delicious. And when cut in wedge- shaped pieces it will look like daddy's. I know one young mother of four who has bought four very pretty little fancy pudding molds, and when there is company for dinner she always makes blancmange, and molds it in them for the children. They are never used at any other time and it is such a treat that they never notice the more elaborate desserts of the guests, unless to be sorry for then. Another mother with several little boys and girls, who entertains a lot, has made an institution at her home of what she calls Good Boy Tea. All it seems to be is the old-time cambric tea of my childhood, hot water with milk and sugar, but when it is drunk Irons a very pretty little china 'cup in the middle of the afternoon, with a lot of pretty ladies, who are sitting around in mother's living room, drink- ing, too, out of mother's best cupsit How like nectar and ambrosia. much better, I think every time I go there and see them drinking their Good Boy Tea and eating little bread and butter sandwiches like grown-ups, is this way than to have thenrhanging around whining and begging for a bit of this and a piece of -Chat, and getting it more often than not, justto keep peace, and then having to_:,suffer after- ward for the indulgence. This same mother told me that she always bought somne good hard candies whenever she bought a box of choco- lates, wrapped them In gilt foil and put thein in the box with the rest. 3t was understood that the "gold ones" were for the children 'exclusively, and no one was to touch them. It is better worth while to think up some little trick like this than to make the children unhappy. Annual Climbing vines Nothing improves the appearance of a ,cottage so much as vines at porch or window. It is not always desirable to wait for the permanent climbers; the annual vines are quickly grown from need. A oombination' of morn- ing glory, coboea, mnoonflower and wild cucumber wi11 lilt every wane though there are several other annual climbers just --as desirable but not so well known. The Scarlet bean will yield an abundance of flowers. The young plants may` be started more; quickly, if the seeds 'are .planted in a` hotbed or window. They can also be more easily protected while tender. Transplant them to the bed where they are to grow,, before :they have formed runners, A kind of bed of,trich earth and well rotted niantzre ordieaf mold should be inane at least two feet from' the wall •or porch columns.' Un- less there are gutters, the bed pre- pared for the vines .,should bo well outside the drip from the eaves. If the -vines ate to be on a protected side of the house, It Is sometimes de- irable to plant ,,the seed directly in the bed where they aro to grow. • One objection that has been ad- vanced against vines is their tendency to ' -discolor woodwork or even cause it to decay. With the proper trellising this -will not result. Vines -should not be allowed to touch the window easing for verandah columns. Set two posts in the ground, brace apart at the top by nailing on themn :a narrow board, and stretch light poultry netting across the frame thus made. The posts should be as high., as the top of the windowor.''eaves of the verandah; and should ,stand ,at least two feet :from the wall: Vines thus trained will not only make a denser -growth, but will allow a free circulation of air through' the window. The shade will be effec- tive and beautifying. but in straight paths to places of duty and of blessing. Ho leads in paths of righteousness, in right living and right doing, in 'ways of duty and honor, of truth and purity, of kind- ness indness and wiseltish service. And all. this He does for His name's sake,`be- cause He must maintain the honor of His name. His very nature, Ilia own essential being, the glory of His char- acter which is revealed in His name, demands this of Hina. God is love and His thought for His own is ever a thought of love. 4. The valley of the shadow of Death. God may lead through dark and difficult and •dangerous ways, but' He Himself will be near. There may be much pain and sorrow to bear, but His comforting presence and,strength will be at hand to help. "God is our refuge and strength; a very present help in trouble. Therefore will not we - fear." This is the great assurance. "There shall no evil befall thee." I will fear no evil. The shepherd's rod and stag, are the symbols of his office. Ile carries in his band a long straight pole which he may use for climbing a steep hillside, or for support, or for guid- ing his sheep. There niay possibly be also a reference in the first of the two words to a sort of club which hung by hie side and which he used for defence, 5. In the presence of may enemies. For there are real dangcrc in the way. There are enemies. There are battles. to fight. But the table of God's boun- tiful hand is always spread for His own. And not only that, but IIe puts gladness into the feast and hecto-ve honor upon Ili; guest, For the.ano;nt- ing with fragrant oil amid the cup filled to overflowing marked both the bountiful hos vitality of the hn.,t an l the honor he would do to hint who eat at his tab e. 6. Surely goe'iness and mercy. There will be no abandonment et'' Hid (leek by the Geed Shepherd, ilea goot- mate and mercy shall not ecaa'e More. nmt.;•h r.,.,me, he has i'een a guest in , .and at Ilis table, and tivr.l-•'ii,;: there. IIe will not go out any were. There is no contradiction here. The lean who is thus the object of Jehovah's care both goes and stays. Ile goc.f to his varied tasks and du- ties, but abides .:till under the caro of Ccd. Practical Studies of Soil Fertility. Nothing is mare pressing at the present time than the study of ways. and means to increase present food production. That Ontario soils are failing to yield their utmost, either in quantity or quality, is a fact recog- nized by careful students of crop and sail conditions. Indeed it is a fact that hits at the foundation of the progress of this Province and Do- minion. For the purpose of considering present soil conditions and making a somewhat extensive study of the fer- tility problem, the Canadian Fertilizer Association has called its second An- nual Conference in co-operation with the Ontario Agricultural College at that Institution on June 16th•to 18th inclusive. The above Conference will consist. of a gathering of scientists specially trained in various phases of soience which have a bearing on farm produc- tion. It will also include a consider- able number of practical successful farmers who are anxious to add to their practical experience some of the latest scientific information to the end that they may be able to increase and 'improve the products of their farms. The program is open to the public and should prove of mater:al interest to all dire:tly or indirectly interested in this question of crop production. The program tncludee among Its prominent speakers Prof. G. W. Oav anriegh, head of the Chemistry De- partment of Cornell University, Dr. H, O. Buckman of the Department of Soil Technology, Cornell University, various members of the Faculty of the Ontario Agricultural College, Mr. A. H. McLennan, Vegetable Special- ist of the Ontario Department of Agriculture and Mr. Henry G. Bell, Director Soil and Crop Improvement Bureau. In addition to the foregoing, various, representatives of the Can- adian Fertilizer Industry will speak. Subjects of vital interest will be handled by the foregoing speakers. 'Such topics as the following are indi- cative of the nature of the Confer- ence: "Changes and Losses that Cer- tain Plant Nutrients Undergo in the Soil"; "The Physical Nature of, the Soil and Some Fertilizer Relation- ships"; "Fertilizer Law and Its Inter- pretation"; "The -Relation of Fertil- izers to Labor"; "Lime inr Agricul- ture"; "Vegetable Growers' Problems in Soil Fertility"; "Fertilizer Theories and Practices." Iceless Ref r gera r a borne -Made Device Country houses without ,ice -houses and too far from town to have access to ice supplies, may have an iceless refrigerator as ` a good substitute. This convenience comprises a simple wooden frame with a covering of can- ton flannel, burlap, Indian head cloth or linen crash made to fit so that lit- tle air is admitted into it. Wicks made of the . same material as the cover are tapked en top of each side' of, the ,cover and extend over into the pan of water sittingon top of the frame. This water is taken up by the wicks and carried down on. the side$ of the cover, by capillary 'attraction, when evaporation takes Place, drawing the heat from the in- side and lowering' the temperature: The''he' more rapid the evaporation the lower the terlperature.' Teste have shown that ifthe refrigerator is kept in a place where the air ,circulates freely • a temperature of fifty degrees Falnenheit may be obtained. When the fra'tmie is finished it should be painted white and enamelled. A covering of white canton flannel. is :... made to fit the frame, with the smooth side out, care being taken that the cover comes to the lower edge of the frame, The wicks are made half the length of ;the sides and tacked on the top edge of each side. They must be long enough to extend three inches into the water. Sew hooks and eyes along the upright seam of the cover that is left open to serve as a door.' The whole refrigerator, should stand in •a larger pap. which which catches the drippings from the cover and keeps away insects: Keep the refrig. erator in a shady placed where there is a free circulation of air: Keep time wicks an a supply of fresh water' in the top pan.