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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Exeter Advocate, 1920-5-6, Page 21063511ezaig40, t3 One of the. biggest reasons why people don't eat more mutton is be- cause so many sheep men send ram lambs to market. Meat -eating people would soon discriminate against pork if male pigs were sent to market without being castrated, or if castrate ed after the pigs matured. And they would discriminate against beef if bulls were sent to market for meat. Who would blame them? If every sheep raiser would eas- trate his lambs, more people worn d eat mutton. Also, the sheep raisers would receive more for their Iambs. So, there would be a greater demand, and a better price to the producer; it's as broad as it is Iong. Lambs should be castrated when. three weeks old; some growers say when ten days old. The operation is simple --merely cut off the lower half - :each of the serotum and pull out the testicles. Experts say it is not neces- sary to use disinfectant on the wounds, if fingers and instruments are clean before doing the work. Doelc the lambs at the same time. The best method is to sear off the tails with hot pincers; tills method prevents bleeding. Remove the tail about an inch from the body. A sharp knife can also be used for docking. Address communications to Agronomist, 73 Adelaide St. West, Toronto When To Spray and What For. Topics in Season. Spraying Apples: Four or five Plant nut trees! Nuts command a tpray]ngs are necessary, depea^ding on good price. Even is not grown for the season and how bad the orchard,` sale, plant a few of your native vax- ait infested with .:rseets and disease. I ieties for home use. First spray: Apply just after leaf- Mud -spattered harness should be buds burst out before bl iseeems open., washed with warier water, then oiled Vse either Bordeaux r:i:sture 4-4-50.° with a good grade of harness oil. Or eommercial lianewellphite vesting 321 The best thing to da with a wet or 83 deg. Baume diluted 1 to 40. tree, clay soil is to let it alone until the Below afar directions far making wind and sunshine have had a chance Bordeaux mixture.) Ada twopeutels to dry it off and make it ready for the of lead -arsenate to each fifty gallons plow or the lzarit vr. Wind and sun of the spray mixture. Ti 6 spay is' car: do better work than you or 1 and for eontrol of scab, e'.:rt.Ic, dna do it much faster. canker -worm. Behind the stock and in the alleys •afterhies- - 1 .the a o. eeanspray: J _.� z S d Just �v wireshould be' as every barn a s o , seams fall use same ::a er:als as i•oa strung at the right height so that a first spray. This is for control of the lantern can be fastened to it. A Codling -moth. To abase Bordeaux mix- ^-z:sip will do for a fastener and the tare take four pounds of copper sail-, lantern can be moved from one place - phate, four pounds of quie lame, fifty. to another without danger of setting gallons of water. Diseo.ve the copper the bare on fire sulphate by putting it in a coarse; cloth bag and suspending the bag in; Hardy climbing roses need little a barrel partly fined wick water. ipruning. Tie up the canes to afford Slake the lime in a tui.* az:d strain; free eireuiation of air, and cut away idtips t waklo e - barrel. This must be app ed With a t and shar to r thest great deal of force. A rowed spr.a^er' frosted. e ren as suhere ret they t a shave, been Es best. s Third spray: Two or three weeks strips of leather or heavy muslin later than second spray. Sarre mat -i loosely around them. eriais as for first spray. If blotch is Silage is frequently wasted or its bad in the orchard, use Bordeaux mix- feeding value is impaired by ir- ture 4-Lrfin:tead of laE sulphur, Properly removing it from the sile. add two pounds of lead -arsenate. to No more silage should be removed fifty gallons of spray material. from the surface than is required for Fourth spray: Nine weeks after the one feeding or, when weather condi- third spray. Use same material as tions will permit, for one day at most. for first spray. This is for control of An average of about two .inches should scab, brown rot anti second brood of be removed from the entire surface. codling -moth. Loosen no more silage than is re - Fifth spray: This is n e, a sary only moved. Keep the surface level and where blot& black rat. bitter rot and compact at all times. other fungous diseases are trouble- By hitching a third horse to a two- some. L'se same materials we for third horse walking plow a man can cover spray acrd apply two weeh:s after at least one-quarter of an acre more fourth spray. a day. This makes a difference of Pearn and Quinces need the same about five acres in twenty days. Three general treatment as apples, except horses to a sixteen -inch plow should that when lime -sulphur is used it do at least half an acre more a day should not be quite so strong. than two horses to a twelve -inch plow, Spraying Peaches: For control of if the depth of plowing is the same. San Jose scale and leaf -curl, peaches Passing along the road one day, should be sprayed in March with lime- on a trip away from home, the steady sulphur. The summer sprays are as chug of some sort of machine came follows: to my ears. Looking around, I found. First spray: Use arsenate of lead, that down under a bank a little water two pounds to fifty gallons of water,. when the shucks are beginning to fall from the little peaches. This is for the eontrol of curculio. Second spray: Use self -boiled lime - sulphur 8-8-50 two or three weeks after the first spray. Add two pounds of lead -arsenate for each fifty gallons of the spray mxture, Never use commercial lime -sulphur as a sum- mer spray for peaches or Japan plums. The second spray is for control of brown rot and cu amen. does set thepasture back for a long spray: Same as second, ap- plied three or four weeks later. t me to be trodden down too early. Fourth spray: Sante as third, ap- All cattle under thirty months old plied to late varieties of peaches one should be vaccinated for black -leg be - month before ripening, if brown rot fore turning to pasture. If you have fa troublesome on the trees. never vaccinated, get your county agent to teach you. Take out insur- ance on live stock, as well as on buildings. The road drag should be used after each rain. Don't go on the road while too muddy; let it dry out slightly. When properly used, the drag brings a thin layer of earth toward the centre of the road, which is rolled and packed between wet periods. If too much crown is secured by dragging, the angle of the drag should be reversed. ram was tugging away to Iift and to push water up a hill to a tank that supplied two ar three families. They put it in together and shared the benefits. Such a ram does not need so much 'water to operate it as a water wheel does. We get in a hurry most years to turn the cows out to pasture. There is such a thing as hustling them out too soon. Poor grass and little of it doesn't make milk very fast; but it Spraying Plums: A dormant spray of Bine-sulphur .is applied for San Jose scale any time during the dor- mant season, During the growing season several sprays are necessary. Pint spray: Just before blossoms open apply Bordeaux mixture 4-4-50. Add two pounds of lead -arsenate to each fifty gallons of spray material. This is for control of brown rot and teurculi°. Second spray: Jest after blossoms fall use same materials as for first Getting the earth roads graded, ditch - spray. es open, well -drained and properly Third spray: Same materials as crowned by dragging, is about all that second spray, three weeks after petals oan be done until the people are ready fall. to surface the earth with gravel, broken stone oresome other surfacing material. Cherries need the saran general treatment as plums. Sows that will farrow late spring pigs should be kept in good condition. dere are some rations! 1. Corn, one part; maim -mail;, six parts. 2. Corn, two parts; shorts, three,, parts. 0. Corn, one part; middlings, two parts; oats, one part. Add five per cent, oil meas to this mixture. 4. Barley, oats and shorts in equal parts. 5. Baxley and oats in equal parts; :nix with three pounds of skim -milk per pound of grain mixture. Q, Barley, two parts; peas and shorts, equal parts. 7. Corn, five parts; oats, two parts; oil meal, one pert. 8, Corn, eight parte; tankage, one part. Peeture for the sow and her litter wig be necessary later on. There are various crops that can be used—al- , rape, soybeans, s e, Many swine vers sow Oats enc, repo together bog pasture. The rate of seeding A9 . tronasix to eight peek of oats and gamy ar five pounds of Dwarf .'Essex Ape Per acre, The geedbed is pre - ed the same es for oats to hf, fi ested ler grain, and the erop. ie p fated ete 0000 as the >s'oil ane .vi'ea- they con ittlaps allt►v , With good gropving weather hili 40mb na on is ready to graze a reoutb or SIX weeksafter sowing, or when e oats are freer. fo t r to sin inches igh. An acre st good oats and rape ;fits forage will supply pasture for from twelve to fifteen mature hogs. The oats come on more rapidly than the rape and are eaten off first. Until the oats begin to head, they furnish pas- ture which the hogs like. By this time the rape has grown large enough to supply lots of pasture. Three or four pounds of alsike clover per acre is sometimes seeded with the amounts of oats and rape as given above. The alsika comes on after the rape, supplying late summer and fall forage. The Silo Song. Silos short and silos tall, Silos fat and thin, Silos big and silos small, Bring the money If you have a lazy silo, Start it working right away. If you have a lQafilr silo, Start right now to make it pay. If you have an a;zeelent silo, One that tries to rest and shirk, Pix at up with tialand hammer— Make it do ftp sa pi work, LetWei ing the pilo bong, Of 1:1110$ large and small; A hu !ling farmer can't so wrong, . th silos bag and. taxa. So d !fie tasty fanners' 'banks at Firm. and etre Itt they . omni! And yon 911al1 have your children s thank_s Wlien you havQ Ieft the land. . The man .'cv tn91%99 good butter can 0lways iltt q ready mariiet at a good•priee, a ecially if 110 tete folks kalOW. that he 99 geed butter to sell, It has been nue expe• rience in the poultry ry t , business that an early laying g pullet, especially one that begins pro- duction under six months of age, is . worth marking for the breeding pen. To discover these early layers I use the trapnest; then I put a small band around one leg of each pullet. After that, I watch the pullets closely to see if they continue their good work. Occasionally one fails to keep it up, but more often they all make good layers. Those that lay continuously for a year, or until the next molting: season, I mark with a band around the, other leg. 1 find that these birds! make the best breeders. Occasionally pullet year, makes a good breeder, but I have found this to be the excep- tion rather than the rule. The breeding pen should contain no- thing but the best layers; in mei- opinion, yopinion, as it is n waste of time and money to breed with poor stock. In ander to breed successfully, I am com- pelled to watch my poultry closely and make use of the trapnest, but I have found that it pays big returns.. Borrowing Money For Drainage. Often it would be very profitable to borrow mosey for draining farm land. The question is not so often, "Can a man afford to .drain?" but, "Can he afford not to drain?" If he •can bor- row money at six per cent., or even ten per cent., and get from twenty- five to fifty per cent, per year, the loan can be paid back in a few years. It is the opinion of one authority who has been giving a great deal of atte a- ti n te tile drainage, that tile drains ordinarily pay for thorn^elves in two years. Men with money to lend will not hesitate to lead for purposes of farm improvement when it is assured that the increase in commercial value of the property will be much greater than the amount of the loan, and that the increase of income will be suffi- ciert to repay the loan and interest in two or three years., But one high ly important factor in assuring profit- able returns upon any farm invest- ment ment is the borrower's ability as a farmer. His land may be fertile or lacking only in some element that isi cheaply supplied; its productiveness; may be very reatIv impaired led byex^ cess of moisture, and drainage may1 be obtainable at a comparatively low; cost; .yet men will not readily trust; their money to a man who is lacking: in industry, careless of machinery,: stock and other equipment, or waste -1 ful of his income. . The trouble with a good many men who run for office is that they can not run fast enough. Of '2,0,115 persons listed in the Iatest. edition of "Who's Who," 14,660, or 74.5 per cent., had college edueation; 3,0.4, or 18.5 per cent had secondary a pullet that starts producing later' school education, and 1,811, or nine than six months of age and keeps up' per cent., had a common school a steady flow of eggs throughout its education. Invisible Liens on Farms Most people investing in farms are cautious enough to employ a com- petent lawyer to look into the court records and see that there is no en- cumbrance resting upon the property, such as unpaid taxes, judgments, mortgages and liens of any sort. And even after they are satisfied as to all this, they require a deed in which the seller warrants the title free and clear of all encumbrance. So far, so good; but there are izi- visible liens or encumbrances of an- other character resting upon many farms, and these deserve consideration and forethought from the prospective buyer. Many men search the prem- ises carefully, test the soil, look at the growing crops, examine the buildings minutely, weigh the advantages and disadvantages of being near town, of being on a pike, and of various other items, all good 4n themselves and worthy of consideration; but these men forget to ask about the neighbors that join on either side, about the spirit of the neighborhood, the educa- tional advantages, the social life and a dozen and one other important things. Some Houses Harbor Disease. As health is a prime consideration the house should be looked over care- fully. Does it stand in a low, un- healthful situation, and is it dark and inconvenient? It is easy to say: "Of course we expect to make some re- pairs," and to pass the matter over lightly. But most people moving to a new location do not make repairs at once, and there are some defects that can not be remedied. One family I know moved into a low, damp house. In the cellar there was a spring that could not be con- trolled, and later the family learned that during the past decade six people had died of tuberculosis in that house, The walls were repapered, it is true, and the few windows were opened wide, but the fancily, could not afford a new house, or felt they could not afford it, because they were already in debt. So they lived in the house and tried .in vain to sell the farm and get away. Not until two members of their family bad died did they get into a better location. It is well to inquire about the health of the people who want to sell, and to examine the basement more closely than the par- lor before buying.. How About the Neighbors?, Many people unconseiously buy trouble throygh moving to a place where adjoining neighbors are greedy and troublesome. A. man I know moved to p' new location, rejoicing in the bargain he bad obtained, only to find that two disagreeable neighbors kept the community constantly in a turmoil. .These inconsiderate men turned their stock out to graze, al- lowed their chickens to range at will in newly planted fields, kept flocks of pigeons to rtavage the gardens, quar- reled over line fences, and generally 4turl?0 the peace Of eoutse the e owt!er had the privilege of goling to aw and esteblishing his rights, but groiirg to law Is expensive. The former ovrxt.er had sold out at a really low price to escape the cenfl]ct from which he could see rio other eacape. In these days of scarcity of Iabor, farmers must co-operate and be help- ful at threshing them, shredding time, and an other occasions, for with people pulling apart there is no advantage. In many neighborhoods it is not un- common for three or four threshing rigs to work on the same day, all of 'them short handed and all working at a disadvantage, simply because neigh- bors can not agree. There are some men with whom it is simply impos- sible to join fences without constant friction. So it .is well to look into these matters before investing. Be sure of one thing—if a man has good neighbors with wham it is easy to live in harmony he will mention the fact in trying to make a sale. Then there is the social status of the community that must not be ignored. To move into a neighbor- hood with low moral standards, no de- sire for • education, disregard for church life, nothing higher than money -making for an ideal, and .an ignorance of the sweet, pleasant social life that makes toil enjoyable is to move into trouble. A woman who was bemoaning the marriage of her only daughter with a Iow, uneducated fellow, said truly that if they had lived in a community where the aims were higher and the social life uplifting the daughter would never have been lured into a runaway match with a handsome un- principled man. At school and at all the few social gatherings of the com- munity rough jests and uncouth talk prevailed. All the money the father was able to lay by for his daughter could never make her life anything but a failure, for she had bound her- self to the standards of that commun- ity. It is both foolish and useless to imagine that children can associate' with unworthy boys -and girls day after day in school and meet them' elsewhere without danger of contam- inatioti. Community Must Be on the Up Grade. Last, but not Ieast, the neighbor- hood in which any progressive farmer lives should be one that is on the up grade as regards crops, soil im- provement, drainage, high grade stock, and all things pertaining to improved agriculture. To be the only man in the community trying to breed better live stock, trying •to get better roads and.better drainage, means that life will not be easy. The peoiale who ridicule book farm- ing, scientlfie methods with live stook, the help that the government freely gives to those who want help, acid all the other advanced knowledge of crops and animals, are certainly not helpful neighbors, They may be kindly and eeiceftll, but they are of no force in nproving conditions and in interest- ,ing young peeple so that they will not go oft to the city. It takes energy and muscle to farm, but ft takes head work a weliF and: a farm located viz a community of farmers anxious to make more money and to improve conditions is a valu- able asset. In 'short, it pays to 'buy olear of all encumbrances, visible and invisible, if the new owner wants to suocsed. The Welfare of the Home Reforms That Are Needed. By Ida M. Alexander, M.D. Men have met their group needs-byi framing and -passing laws to give them the rights they feel they need.; They are continually improving and: adding to these laws. They see the; man -needs of the world better thane: they see the woman -needs of the world and we have suffered because of this. But now that we are to vote we can; have laws passed that will give to] women the rights they need most. Do we know what we need? Perhaps if I tell you of some of? the problems that a doctor meets in her everyday work, yeti will see that' many reforms are needed. One young' girl remarked that she thought the; barriers of silence as to the laws of life should be removed, She is quite right. Another girl said: "A man offered me a ride home in his automo-; bile and while I was wondering what" to do, an elderly woman came along and told me not to go because I would get diseased. What slid she mean, and how would I get diseased fro a , that?" If any mother reels this article who has a daughter old enough to ask the question, "Where did 1 come from?" and does not answer with the truth, then she is a traitor to her sex. If you don't "know how" to tell her these things, I will be glad to tell you • how to tell her. But you are the right one to- do this. And the moat tragic of all questions, is the one Which comes from the mother of a large family. All the romance of the work is as the ashes of a piece of burned paper when I read this. The grim realities show the farce of fear, suffering and tragedy. "I just can't have any more chil- dren," writes this good woman, "1 have seven now and Lam only tltirty- five years old. It is all I can manage to do for those I have •and Iceep them clothed and fed these days. of high prices. Can't you * * * * " and then 'comes the inevitable question! Men have passed laws to•punish those who interfere with the birth of children, but they never touch the cause, and women have been ground between the upper millstone of the law of man and the nether millstone of the law of God which implants in• us all that.de- sire whose highest expression should be the chill. There s ro sEntence that mer. have thrown into our faces quite so often: as: "Weinnn's patitie le in the home.' We would not resent it quite so much did we not know that the very man who makes this remark oftereet, ex- pects his daughter to work out on the farm to save the cost of a hired n.n n. When e he goes out into the field, he does not remind her that her place is in the kitchen with her another. The city many whose daughter gets a job, .is not reminded by her father that her place is in the home, becaase the home needs the money she cavi earn to help keep their home a place of «some fort. Let us think out all these matters, and many others that need attention, end work out a remedy; and ie.us see to it that we use aur ballot to obtain for the women of Canada the legis. lation that fits their special needs, The Canadian mother is the biggest factor in the making of a vigorous, noble, God-fearing Canadian nat:one is not essential with broadleaf shrub. leery and hardwood trees, but the;: art more thrifty whoa suck care is taken. If the plants are too large to handle in this Way, cover the roots with some wet sacking. They may be able to stand. considerable exposure and live, but it , does not help them any, and every effort should be made to keep them from drying out any wore than is necessary. Shrubbery trust be spaced according to the size of the plants and no de. finite rule can be given for it. By the size of the plant :fa meant the sin at maturity and not the size of the planting stock. Treea along a road- way or street should never be planted closer than forty feet, and in most cases fifty feet is better. No tree, except n dwarf pine, should be planted closer than twenty feet to the house. and specimen trees should be given a space at least thirty feet square. Where groups of evergreens are want- ed the trees may be spaced as close as she 'or eight feet. All trees for groves or windbreaks may be best arranged four feet apart in rows eight feet apart. Planting Nurxery Stock IV hen. the ground has been properly; preparedand the planting stool: has been carefully handled it is not a very difficult task to do the actual planting: Late afternoon or a eloudy day is the; best time for it. This gives the best; opportunity to keep the roots from, drying out and to allow the plant to' recover from the operation before it is exposed to the heat of the sun. Dig a bole Iarge enough to accom- modate all the roots without crowding. Spreading the roots in this way gives the plant a better chane to a ilect food and water. Take a single plant from the bucket, being careful not to pull the roots of the other plants up out of the water with it, and place it immediately in the hole. Hold the plant with one hand so that the ground line will come at about the seine place that it did before the plant was dug'up. With the other hand sift in some fine dirt, rather sparingly at first, and see to it that it is well dis- tributed and pushed firmly around -the roots. No hollows nor openings should be left. When the hole is about half filled, pack the dirt down firmly with the knuckles. The rest of the dirt may be scraped in with the spade and tramped down with the foot. It is a good practice to put the top soil in the bottom of the hole and fill yin with other dirt. This makes the richer soil immediately available for the roots • and gives the deeper soil a chance to mellow on the surface. In the case of ornamental trees and shrubs, where water is convenient and ' the plants not too numerous, it is a good thing to soak the ground around the plant thoroughly immediately after planting. This settles the earth, brings it in closer contact with the roots and helps to replace immediately the water which the plant lost while out of the ground. In the case of a windbreak or grove, such watering is not practical. It is cheaper to let the trees take their chances without it, and then replace the failures the next year. Such careful practice as the above is entirely necessary with evergreens of reasonable success is expected. It A Durable Whitewash. Slake one-half bushel fresh lime with boiling water, covering it to keep in the steam. Strain the liquid through a fine sieve, and add seven pounds of fine salt, previously dis- solved in warm water; three pounds ground rice, boiled to a thin paste and stirred in boiling hot; one-half pound bolted gilder's whiting; one pound white glue, which first soak in eold water until swollen up, then melt over a fire, avoiding burning it. Add five gallons hot water to the mix- ture, stir well, and let stand a few days covered up. When ready to use the wash, make it bailing hot. A pint of this mixture will cover nearly a square yard. A farm without a business record is like a ship without a rudder, The man who does not keep records .is not in a position to plug up the leaks nor to take advantage of the opportunities to enlarge his business in the most prcfitable way. 8iis SpohresDistemperrsomunro Is the ORIGINAL rented�e lfor DISTEMPER, INFLUENZA, PINK S:YD, COUGHS AtD COLDS. Never successfully imitetod, it represents the highest attainment in veterinary science for the treatment of contagious diseases. Sold at ata drug stores. SPORN ISZDXCAL CO., Goshen, Ind„ 17.84.5 Imperial Mica Axle Grease and Imperial Eureka Harness Oil insure long life for wagons and harness. Put up inconvenient sizes and sold by dealers everywhere. Imperial Mica Axle Grease —not only lubricates, but smooths the surface of the axle and hub with a coating of powdered mica, thus reducing friction and lessen- ing the strain on horses and harness. imperial Eureka Harness 011 keeps harness straps and togs pliable and strong, prevents crack• ing and breaking of stitches. It preserves harness against the action of sweat, moisture and dust, also wards off insects. Imperial Eureka Harness Oil imparts a rich, black, lasting finish. IMPERIAL, "MADE IN CANADA" PRODUCTS