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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Exeter Advocate, 1920-2-12, Page 6Costly Ailments of Horses - And How to Prevent Them BY A. S. &LERA IDES, V.B... • ' More than ever before it now is a Matter of the gravest importance to prevent your animals from suffering disease and injury, instead of having their ailments to treat. I eha`I1 try Isere to tell you same ways: in which you can do this. Did space allow, hundreds of ail- ments of animals might be listed as preventable, direetly or indirectly, but to demonstrate the importance of this subject and indicate the possibil- ities of a campaign of disease preven- tion, it will suffice to mention some of those most commonly met with, Azoturia and its hurtful associate, lylnphangitis, or "Monday morning disease," are induced by continuing to give the ordinary ration of oats, or other rich feed, when bad weather or i holiday confines the horse to his stable. Both diseases alight absolutely be prevented, were it made the invari- able rule that no horse shall ever stand for a single day without work or adequate exercise, and that oats andother o er n rQt4'ln-rich teed shall be omitted or materially lessened in amount during all periods of idleness. That you may be able to recognize these diseases it may be stated that the urine is dark red -brown in color in azoturia, and the muscles of the loins, hips, and thighs become swol- len, hard and paralyzed, so that the horse loses the power of his hind legs. Acute attacks often are fatal, A,JI attacks lay the horse off work. In lymphangitis a hind leg becomes acutely swollen, and so great is the pain in thee region of the groin that high fever is caused, and the horse stops eating, sweats, breathes fast, Arid has a full, bounding poise. The ttit anal is "anchored" en his stall and unfitted for work for e period of one to two or three weeks. f'nneeessary suffering entailed upon the stricken horse and the heavy financial loss due to the terrible mor- tality from azoturia surely are mat- ters of serious concern, but they do' not complete the bill of loss. Puncture of the sole by sharp oh-, jects, generally termed "nail prick)", as another cause of temporary or per-" manent retirement of the horse fromi work, and many cases end in death; from tetanus (lockjaw), which might! be prevented. In the recent world war it did not take the Allies and enemy long to dis- cover that steel helmets, by proteot- ing the head against shell splinters, shrapnel, and partially spent bullets, would save many a life, and, prevent thousands of troubleeome wounds. But to this day few work horses have the eoies of their feet protected against the ever-present and deadly trail. Why? Who can answer? Well, we fancy the explanation is chiefly one of negligence. No horse should work without a thin plate of canvas -covered steel or a thick pad of leather between his shoes and the soles of his feet. Then, under these pads, should be a dressing of oakum and wool fat (lan- olin). Time was when pine tar was used, but it is too strong, and always injurious in the long run. Wool fat, on the contrary, softens and encour- ages growth of the hoof. So shod, the /roof of the horse actually may im- prove instead of dry -1g, contracting,: and causing lameness. But some nail -prick cases will occur,: while stone bruises and corns are other common causes of lameness)! and so the modern veterinarian must do all he can to prevent deadly •lock-! jaw. To this end every horse that is known to have suffered a nail •punc- ture should ,immediately be given a protective hypodermic injection of tetanus antitoxin, and it is well to give similar preventive treatment in all wounds, in addition to the usual disinfectants. Sore necks, backs, and shoulders an- nually cause the temporary retire- ment of many horses from work or make their work less efficient. Every- thing possible should be done to pre- vent such sores. Most of them are caused by ill-fitting harness, but even a properly fitting collar will cause sores, unless it is kept clean and smooth. The draft of the tugs also must be properly adjusted on the same hames, and the swing of the wagon pole, or tongue, Rept from hurting the horse, The efficient "barn boss" will see to it that collars' fit properly, are kept clean and smooth, and that the skin of the neck and shoulders is soothed and strengthened by bathing with salty cold water two or three times a day, Barbed wire ,is another common cause of wounds, and such wounds also necessitate protective treatment with tetanus antitoxin. Usually it is a loose wire at the ground that does the harm, so that the fences should' be examined at regular intervals to keep all wires in place and taut. Better far would it be were barbed- wire fences done away with in pas- tures. Where a board fence is too expensive, 48 to 52 inch woven wire should be used, with two strands of barb wire over that to keep horses from pasturing over the fence. alsowise1 It Is is to carefully ex Imine a strange stall before a horse is al- lowed to enter it. Depend upon it that if a projecting nail is there your horse will be sure to come in contact with it. The navel of every foal :should also be saturated with tincture of iodine at birth to prevent infection. Thous- ands of foals are killed each year by this preventable form of infection, and the joint diseases which occur as complications. Colts that survive are Deft with unsound joints. The attendant, rather than the horse, usually is to blame when a case oz colic occurs. The same :nen should always feed all of the horses, and each ,feed, so far as possible,l should be `given at exactly the same hour. Watering should be done with similar care and regularity. Sudden changes of food commonly cause eolic. The feeding f new hay or new oats without due preparation often proves disastrous. All changes' of feed should be made gradually, and the horse should not immediately be fed when he comes in hot. There would be far fewer cases of colic were the following plan adopted itt the city and on the farm: Allow the horse n few swallows of cold water when he comes in hot and tired. Remove his harness, and bathe..neek and shoulders with cold water con- taining a heaping teaspoonful of salt per pint. Allow him to eat a pound of good hay while cooling off; then allow drinking water, and thea the feed of oats. Do not allow drinking from the trough if the horse immediately goes to work, but let him drink now and then when at work. The modern veterinarian no longer prescribes a hot bran mash to be given to a work horse on Saturday night. Such a feed is absolutely un- natural and a fertile cause of colic. It is better to mix bran with the oats for every work horse. It will lessen! bolting •of feed, induce more perfect mastication, help to regulate the bowels, and be a valuable nutrient. Green grass suddenly allowed is also a common cause of indigestion, as is cut green grass that has been allowed to start heating before being fed. It is not generally understood that a horse usually is suffering from in- digestion when suddenly overcome by heat or killed by heat apoplexy when at work in the sun. Were the atten- dant to note the appearance and con- sistency .,of each horse's feces (man- ure) in the morning before harness- ing many a horse could be saved from attack. If the feces in any marked way is other than normal, the horse is unfit to work hard in the hot sun, and should be rested until well• The changes in feces indicative of -de- ranged digestion are mushy, steam- ing, etinking condition, sense -lig -did passages, clay -colored masses, or dark -colored, mucus -covered balls: I snention here only a few of the ,common preventable troubles, which if you manage by precaution to pre- vent, will save you much money. If old household scales are used in weighing dressed poultry for private customers, it may be best to have them tested by comparison with scales known to be accurate. If the scales underweigh it means a financial loss to the poultryman: If they aver weigh It means a still more serious loss by casting a reflection an the honesty of the: producer. In advertising hatching/eggs it is not best to place too much emphasis on home egg records even if they are good. Producers who wish to bring i p their stock and charge high prices for the eggs should enter their birds in the official contests and obtain re- cords supervised by disinterested parties. Poultrymen who do :not en- ter rniter ;their birds in the contests can ob- tain birds of good laying ability and sell the hatching eggs at a fair price. But they eannot expect buyers, to place too: much 'confidence in private records naw that we have the egg - laying contests to furnish producers With offieial records. A. broody coop made of slats should be in every ;perebir house, Then the broody hens needed for hatching eggs can be quickly removed. from the nest and fastened up until broken. These coops should be portable so they can be taken outside for sunning and spraying. And in the summer when it is very hot in the- poultry house it may be best to place the broody coop outside in the protection of a shade tree. In the winter and barlye spring the broody hens tnusi be locked up inside the laying house where they will bee -protected from storms and draughts. The Lion's Head. ,The water ,;in a great many public fountains, whether for man or beast, comes out of a lion'e mouth. This is said to be the reason: Among the ancient Egyptians the rising of the waters of the River Nile was the most important event of the year, since it meant life and prosperity to the whole nation. The rising al- ways took piece when the sun was in. the constellation of Leo, oi. the lion; so the Egyptians adopted the shape of a lion as the symbol for the life giving waters of the,. Nile, Warm lemons laefore'. You'tvil1 get more juice. squeezing. • n• et-- ees THE CANADIAN FUR AUCTION SALES COMPANY, Limited, of Montreal, organized and financed by a repre- sentative body of Canada's leaders in great commercial enterprises will hold its First Great Sale of Raw Furs IN MARCH Offering Immense quantities of fresh, original, unculled Canadian Furs -the Best in the World -UNMIXED with inferior southern varieties, the company will sell to the highest bidder of hundreds of eager buyers from all parts ofhe United. States and Europe. You get the world's best prices on the WORLD'S BEST FURS, your CANADIAN goods, at our sales. We do not issue extravagantly -quoting, misleading price lists, but we do seethat your furs bring absolutely top prices:- Eager inquiries reach us daily, from the world's chief buying capitals. Buyers from London, Paris,.New York, Chicago and other great distributing centres have already arranged to attend the MARCH SALE. The widespread interest shown by buyers clearly indicates the unusual scarcity of raw furs; unmistakably points to an unusually keen demand, particularly for the finer furs - Canadian goods. We think we are not unduly optimistic in predicting WORLD'S RECORD PRICES FOR OLJR MARCH SALE LIBERAL CASH ADVANCES will gladly be made on request accompanying any shipment large or small pending sales. The expense to shippers to the Montreal sales is less- the buying force is as strong -as in any market in the world. Write us. Get our advices- market reports, accurate, reliable guidance to you in buying, and SHIP NOW- any quality, of any variety or grade. No market in the world will net you better results. Last day of receiving for this sale is MARCH 1st. The Canadian Fur,Auction Sales Company MONTREAL, LIMITED Temporary Offices -Windsor Hotel a sores of the teats would be compar- r Ad • atively rare. s.r� Cleanliness and proper hygiene would also help to prevent many of the skin diseases of cattle, and some of the common cases of lameness. How vital it is that every milk - producing cow should be free from disease, seeing that infants often are largely dependent upon cow's milk for their sustenance! Milk is a secretion from the blood elaborated in the mammary gland (udder), and there supplied with added ingredients. To have healthy milk preconceives the idea that the cow's blood must be kealthy. Given a healthy cow we should so feed and house the animal that she will re- main :healthy, and so produce safe and wholesome milk. Many of the diseases - attacking cattle are avoidable. This is well demonstrated Ify the extreme rarity of contagious foot-and-mouth dis- ease among cattle in this country. At all times the disease is more or less prevalent somewhere in. Europe, but our live -stock sanitarians keep it out of this country. Occasionally it has appeared, but allnest instantly has been stamped out. It never appears spontaneously. Always it comes from a previously` existing case. So with otherr infectious diseases of cows. Tuberculosis, for example, cannot occur spontaneously. Each, new case comes from ' an old one. Do away with the seed -producing case, and the seed from it, and no new case can occur. Bacilli of tuberculosis are its seeds. Kill them, and there can be no crop. So the modern veterinarian tests every cow with tuberculin, and disoovers' and eliminates those which react "because they are infected. Afterward lie does everything iii his power. to make the remaining : cows resistant against disease, and to pre- vent them from -coming in contact with germs of disease. Johne's dist ease (chronic -bacterial dysentery) may also: be kept out, as we. now have a test for it similar to that fot tuberculosis. Anthrax, blackleg, and hemorrhagic eeptietemia also are germ diseases, but different from tu- berculosis, in that; they 'may, be pre vented by vaccination just. as :j eople nowadays are immunized with serum against ' • typhoid and vaccinated 'against smallpox. ,. Even many of the simpler ailments. of cattle are avoidable. Were °s crup- epee, cleanliness observed and :main- tained in the cow sta'ble,' and as re- gards the udder and teats of the cow and hands of the 'milker, cases of cowpox, mammitis o garget, and Seed Orders and Supplies. The new seed -catalogues are com- ing in with their lists of novelties and staple varieties attractively ad- vertised, and one gets much enjoy- ment in turning over the pages of one of these catalogues and mentally picturing the fine craps one will have next summer. Often, however,• the catalogue is laid aside without the order :being sent, and nothing further is done until spring, when it may be too late to get what is desired. The quantity •available of the best ,strains of vegetables and flowers is usually small, hence it is very important 'to order early before the stock is ex- hausted. There is a great difference between the best and the poorest strains. The stock of the best haibeen rigidly sel- ected so that a large proportion will come true to type, whereas stock; which has not been kept up by select- • tion may have a bad mixture of types,' and the resulting crop will be very unsatisfactory. This is of so .much importance that, with a crop like the cauliflower, for instance, where • a strain that will give a large propos-, tion of good heads, means much profit and a poor strain may mean very lit -1 tie, it pays the market gardener when he gets a good strain to hold over: what seed he does not use until an ether year, as he will thus be sure of having a good strain next year: This The Welfare 'of the Home Is Your Child Well Nourished? Is Your Child Well Nourished? [ 43 This seems a surprising and even 44 impertinent question to the averaged 45 'parent, but it is ta. matter of fact 46 #,hat even in well-to-do homes chil- 47 dren are found wha fail to measure ,i 48,,. up to the required standard. The re- 49 lation of weight to height is consider- 50 ed the best standard of nutrition. 51 Test your child by means of the ac 52 companying table and satisfy your- 53 self on this all-important question. 54 First, have the child stand with 55 heels together, shoes having been re- 56 moved, against a wall. Mark his 57 height by placing a ruler or book on 58 top of his bead. Now measure this 59 heighe from the floor by inches. Next have the child weighed , in or- dinary indoor clothing without coat or shoes. Having the weight in pounds and the height in .inches, consult the table, For a boy, run your finger down t'fie first column until you come to his 67 height, then look in second column 68 i for the average weight correspondng. to this height. If he is up to this standard he is probably not under- ! nourished. If he is below this stand- ard then see if he is 10 per cent. or Height. more underweight by comparing with Inches. the corresponding figures in third col- umn. If he is below the weight shown in the third column, then his condi-1 tion is serious, and he needs the best? of attention. If his weight lies be -i tween these two, he then is under - f nourished to a slighter degree, and. should also receive attention, al -I though his condition is not as yet ° really serious, The same measures apply to girls,. using, however, the second table, .1 I Table of average' heights and s weights of children, also showing weights 10 per eent. under weight for i height. 60 61 62 63 64 60 66 Height. Inches. 35 30 37 38 39 40 41 42 Boys--- Average 10ee weight for under height weight Pounds Pounds 32.0 33.55 34.5 86.0 37.5 39.0 40.5 42.0 29.0 30.0 31.0 32.5 34:0 35.0 y6.5 38.0 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 43.5 39,0 45.5 41.0 47.5 43.0 49;5 44.5 51,5 46.5. 53.5 48.0 55.5 50.0 59,5 53.5 63.0 56.5 66.0 ,, 59.5 69.0 62.0 72,5 65.5 '75.5 68.0 79.5 71.5 83.5 75,0 87.5 79.0 91,5 82.5 95.0 85.5- 99.5 89.5 105.0 94.5 109.5 98.5 116.0 104.5 119.5 107.5 126.0 113.5 134.0 120.5 138,5 124.5 -Girl- Average 10% weight for under height weight Pounds Pounds 31.0 32.5 33.5 35.0 36,5 38.0 39.5 4L0 43.0 44,5 46.5 48,5 51.0 53,5 55.5 58.5 61.0 64.0 67.5 71.0 75,0 78.5 83,0 87.0 91.5 96.5 102.5 110.5 116.0 28.0 29,0 80.0 31,5 33,0 34,0 35.5 37.0 38,5 40.0 42.0 43,5 40.0 418,0 50.0 52.5 55.0 57.5 61.0 61.0 07.5 70,5 '74.5 78.5 82.5 87.0 92.5 99.5 104.55 method would not however, serve with the onion, which loses its germ- inating power very rapidly, hence should he purchased every year. There is a wonderful difference in onions. Sometimes from the seed of one stock a large prcportion will be thcknecks while from another most cf the plants niake good bulbs. If one has had good success from a certain source one year, the safest plan will be to order from the same source an -i other year. Sometimes novelties have not ap- parently been compared very care- ' fully with the best of the older var- ieties before being offered for sale, as they do not prove superior, if as good. While it is interesg to test varieties, it is well not to spend much money on them until they have .been tested' at the Experimental Station. Another advantage of ordering early is that one can test the germ- inating power of a seed before spring so that there will be time to order again if the germination is poor. Often seed .is ordered so late, that when it is sown and the plants do not come up there is not time to order again, and one loses the crop. When there is a shortage of many kinds of supplies, as there is at present, it is very desirable to order early the ma- terial needed for next season's oper- ations. 1 do not slink for. weahll or 1^ame I've other hope that - I long to Find before I die Just one. becoming hat. l�:l`C�Mq • • What Makes Nation Great? "Commerce makes a nation great," says the captain of industry. "A large standing army," says the military authority. "Schools," says the educa- tor.' "A right spirit," the preacher.' But let all these take heecl. Forget not the importance of the plow, Without it railroads would' become' streaks of useless iron and rust away. Cities and towns would decay and them names be forgotten. Social pasitio'n would become a legendand all fame and distinction be obliter- •ated. History is little more than a record of wars, privations all heroism, be cause these. things "kindle the imagin- ation and make the blood run warm. But, after' all, the, tranquil arts 'of husbandry are • what: 'measure a mat tion's greatness; gauge its couuiier tial power. Without:; agriculture coi- •coerce"would die and the pottage give way to, the 'hunter's cabin. Civilize= tion begins and ends with"agrieulture. Great is commerce, great are arni.. id's„ wondelfful is the power of educa= tion. But greatest gfeall•is the plow. Speed the Plow!- When ironing, stand on a cushion. IOne does not tire so, The World's Greatest Rabbit For meat, fur and profit is the Black Siberian Fur $are. Pedigreed �I - Breeders for Sale. Write Black Diamond Fox Farm Vankl•ek Hill •• Ontario Fertilizing the Orchard Pays ecause:-- 1. Fertilizers supply well baa food for orchard :trees. This means desirable wood - growth. 2. Fertilizers cause fruit to fill and mature uniformly. 3. Fruit borne by trees that have been properly nourished with fertilizers is superior in size, color and flavor. 4. Fertilizers cause great in- crease In yields. Write for. Pamphlet No. 3. Soil and Crop Improvement Bureau Of the Canadian •Fertilizer Assn. 1111 Temple Bldg., Toronto, Ont. 54a OVERCOMES CHILLS n IN 60 MINOT S Good Advice. Don't be a sneering.cynlc• And needlessly give pain, Or soon you'll find your pathway Is turned to Lonesome -Lane. • Wet the spoon before serving jelly with ilt. Paii'sies •like' a samewhat.sand'Y soi . i. In planting spread the' roots out care'-• fully and•.,plan firmly. Liquid manure occasionally is beneficial, and If your horse has a cough or cold,• or ie feverish, give it Dr•A.C•Daniel's Distemper Ds•. . s Remedy When properly given this won- derful remedy Will overcome chills in from 30 to 60 minutee in a horse or any other ' -stock at a.cost of • II less than 10 tenth. It thiia provers/is it ever,: Pneumon- ia. i ia. Lung Troubles, 's • t It' w o rk'• , ulcke ` a . r and � bot- , • ter .than any, thing :else in the world, leaving no A aftermath of weakness, swollen limbs' or blindness. This remedy is worth its weight in . gold; to 'shippers because it has no equal for acclirnatina horpses,. /t 114, also .a perfect cure 5 or Milk Fever in I. cows; and Rog Cholera in swine. PRICE 60c. „ Big Anlmal Medical Book Free.' DR.A. C. DANIELS r., LS.COMPANY,. op ',A.l0.Sa. stigmas }<NOWL;TON '4, . 'QUEBBo. a light mulch of manure ;during hot, .. weather.