HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Exeter Advocate, 1919-4-24, Page 3FREE OFF
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Address
WORK ON St PAUL'S
IN PRIMARY STAGE
'PRESERVATION OPERATIONS
REVEAL BUILDING FACTS
Arch i,s of Burford Stone—Numerous
Carved. Capitals Not Original
Piers by Wren.
During the war a work of the first
importance has been going forward
on the fabric of St. Paul's. Cathedral.
The fears of those experts who were
of opinion, a few years ago, that a
very serious task awaited the repair-
ers have been more than justified;
and in particular, the south transept
has been discovered to be in so shat-
tered a condition that the cement
used to strengthen and solidify the
walls has found its way out, in sev-
eral cases into the ,streets and gar-
dens beyond., This article by Mer-
vyn E. Macartney, however, deals.
with the completion of the repairs to
the southwest ,pier of the dome,
which marks a primary stage in the
work of restoration at St. Paul's.
Now that the boarding has been
removed, it is possible for any one
to observe the extent of what has
been virtually the rebuilding of this
vital support of the dome. The
whiteness of the substituted stones
sljows distinctly how the 3000 cubic
feet of new masonry has been insert-
ed. It has only been possible to
'tarry out this work by using the
greatest care to avoid disturbance
of the enormous weight of 8000 tons
which it iscalculated that each pier
carries, Any sudden withdrawal of
large extent of support might have
involved most serious dislocation of
pressure and created an alarming
condition of affairs.
It says a great deal for the care
:and efficient workmanship of the
artificers, contractors, and expert ad
visers that no perceptible settlement
has occurred during the progress of
the work. It would be untrue to say
that no feelings of alarm have ex-
isted while these operations have
been proeeding. But, fortunately, so
nnwh diligence has been exercised that
no untoward accident has marked the
steady march of restoration during
the four or five years that have elap-
sed since the work -was begun.
Interesting Facts Discovered.
Many interesting facts have come
to light, such as that the main stone
on which the two arches pitch prov-
ed to be a huge block;' of Burford
stone and not Portland which Wren
employed in this pier. This stone
was cracked right through. We know
that great difficulties beset the build-
ers in obtaininglarge g stones, and.
evidently this block was utilized be-
cause there was no other of that.
scantling available from Portland. Its
dimensions were five feet by six feet
by two feet three inehes. To replace
it being impossible, the shattered
portions, weighing four and a half
tons, were removed, and as •large a
piece of Portland .inserted as was
practicable; which,>gouted in cement,
has made a sound base at this point.
Another discovery was the fact
that a great many - of the .carv-
ed capitals were not the originals,
but poor copies insecurely fixed to
the stone behind them by cramps,
dowels, and lead. In many cases so
badly had they been fixed that they
fell off on the slightest attempt to
examine
them. Althoughpositive
ithoug.i no
i
eL 4
.fence exists to show when they
were executed, we may assume that
they were of later date than Wren's
building. No work of such a "shod-
dy" description would have beenpas-
sed
assed by Wren or Ilawksmoor. When
the full weight of the dome came on
the piers it caused serious satterings
of the stone walling, and it clearly
went on during the first half of the
eighteenth century, as the rubble
felling of the piers dried and became
compressed, The core or rubble filling
is not of uniform quality. A great
deal of the mortar was made with a
lime obtained by burning chalk lime
or shells. Had Wren used even a
poorly hydraulic lime he would have
hada much more satisfactory agglo-
merate. Considering the extraordin-
ary aptitude of this genius for ex-
periments, more particularly in ellenl-
istry, one is lost in wonder that he
should have used such a poor cement,
especially as he was always lauding
the "fine Roman manner" and meant
himself to "build for eternity;" That
he was imposed upon by same of the
contractors is likely; we know that
there were eight or nine, not all of
them of the same excellence as the
Strongs. Por instance, in the con-
struction of the S. E. pier the work
is not nearly as good as that of the
S. W. pier; the mortar is worse and
the masonry of a very inferior char-
acter.
in . nn, tnteatisfa, ctory g to a
the faulty system `of' reptr,ir, it was de_.
ter•rdinerl to carry out 'a complete rr-
storatien about 1781 awl to close the
Cathedral for nearly two years, Mylne
seems to I1ave,used a large ?alumni of
stone veneer in his repairs and also
iron cramps. Airing to the.lbrmation
of rust solve' of the 'masonry has:,
cracked and split in all directions. We
have removed every iron clamp And
dowel so as to safeguard the public
from all. danger.of•falling stone .as far
as this pier is concerned. These
papers of Mylne refer to sorne,of the
works carried out, such as the iron
bands forged by "ships anchor smiths"
and the 'compensation" worked on the
moldings and on the main eornioe'
level to disguise .the settlements over
the four .arches of the transept, EYi-
deuces of these works are there to
this day.
Method of Construction.
To improve the power of resistance
of the filling in the S. W. pier the
method was employed of solidifying
by liquid grout. By this means it is
believed that in addition to the two
feet of reliable stonework on each
side of the pier, we have consolidated
at least an extra six inches of the
core and possibly one foot, Taking a
mean of nine inches, this means that.
the reconstituted work on the pier
represents about half of the sectional
area of the pier (Le., two feet on each
face equals four feet, and nine inches
of grouted core on each face equals
one foot six inches—total, five feet
six inches out of nine feet six
inches).
Another discovery was the method
of construction of the building. The
piers were built up with setoffs—that
is to say, the masonry was reduced in
area as the work gained height,. The
foundations were set .in a of very
hard clay and consist of two layers
of stone each two feet thick and
spreading out four feet, all round the
crypt -piers. The piers in the crypt
are set back-i.e:, .reduced from this
to sixteen feet by twenty-two feet.
This size is carried up to the impost
or molding from which the vaulting
of the crypt starts. We discovered
that at this point—i.e., the level of
the impost—the piers were set back
or reduced two feet. They then con-
tinued perpendicularly till within two
feet of the floor of the church. At
that point they went back to the
face of the pier.
The Rev. R. S. Mylne, a great-
grandson of Robert Mylne, a surveyor
of the Cathedral from 1765-1821 and a
member of a family of masons for
several generations, said he had de-
posited the accounts connected with
St. Paul's left hila by his ancestor in
the library at Lambeth Palade..
We learn from them that there had
been serious destruction of the stone
work and that it had been covered ug
Sold at the same fair"
price as before the,war.
INSTNT PSTUM
Its . fine flavor appeals to
f,ea and coffee drinkers'
• -*-0-
A ric
*,,.A delighffil1 drink .;,...;-t��..
h,
ad
pro -vides real . economy.
.
Not a / r Wast
THE TRAMP'S. RETURN.
Nev,t That the War Has Ended the
Road Merchant Again. Appears..
One of the signs of demobilization
is the return of the tramp. During
the war there has been a very-at'otice-
able absence of these roads merchants,
with their fluttering rags, their venti-
lated footgear, their 'shocking bad
has, and Ches e l
their u n hav jowls.
n
The casual ward is the Mecca of the
tramp, It is his dormitory, far which
ho makes like a homing' pigeon,
though with much less celerity, He is
always on his way there. When he
meets a "toff" he begs; when he gets
an easy chance be steals.
But the tramp is universal, cosmo-
politan. The American tramp goes
very far afield. The trans -continental
lines know hien. He boards the train.
out in the unknown, and when he has
travelled a few hundred miles, and got
a change of scene, he drops off, and
resumes his walk.
The Australian variety of tramp Is
known a8 a aundowner, because lie
"blows in" when the orb of day is
westering.
SUFFERING CATS!
o , GIVE THIS MAN
o THE GOLD MEDAL
Let folks step on your feet hereafter;
wear shoes a size smaller if youlike,
for corns will never again send electric
sparks of pain through you, according
t'b this Cincinnati authority.
He says that a few drops of a drug
called freezone, applied directly upon
a tender, aching cora, instantly re-
lieves soreness, and soot, the entire
corn, root and all, lifts right out.
This drug is a sticky ether com-
pound,
ompound, but dries at once and simply
shrivels up the corn. without iniia in
m g
or even irritating the surrounding
tissue.
It is claimed that a quarter of an
ounce of freezone obtained at any drug
store will cost very little but is suffi-
cient to remove every hard orvsoft corn
or callus from one's feet. Cut this out,
especially if you are a woman reader
who wears high heels,
WHEN HUNS SAY GOOD-BYE.
The Latest
Designs
The Directoire influence is felt in
this coat with the high waistline and
deep gathered cuffs. McCall Pat-
tern ern No. 8
85a Ladies' s Coat. In 6
sizes 34
to44
bust. Price, 25ce
cents.
.
No. 8829, Ladies' Straight Skirt, Ir
6 sizes, 22 to 32 waist. Price, 20
cents.
Their Farewell Letter to British Pris-
oners of War.
Craftiness and stupidity, so strange-
ly mixed in all German propaganda, is
once more evident in a farewell docu-
ment issued to prisoners about to
leave Germany. No cooing dove could
voice itself more softly than the Ger-
man authorities in their plea that the
prisoners return to their homes with
kind feelings towards their captors.
So barbarous has been Germany's
treatment of prisoners that some ob-
servers are justly enraged at this at-
tempt to wheedle sympathy and gen-
tle dealing for the vanquished foe at
the Peace Conference. The document
given to departing prisoners is re-
published by the London Westminster
Gazette, which says that "as an ex-
ample of effrontery to men who have
learned by bitter experience the true
nature of the German, it would be.
hard to parallel." It is called "A
Parting Word," and begins as follows:
"Gentlemen, the war is over! A
little while and you will see your na,
tive land again, your homes, your
loved ones, your friends
When you are already united to your
families, thousands of our country-
men will still , be pining in far-off
prison camps with hearts as hungry
for home as -yours.
"You have suffered in confinement
as who would not? ' Your situation
has been a difficult one. Our own has
been desperate. Our country block-
aded, our civil population, and army
suffering from want of sufficient food
and materials, the enormous demands
made upon our 'harassed land from
every side—these and lna.ny other af-
flictions made it impossible to do all
that we should have liked to do. Un -
deer the circumstances we did our best
to lessen the hardships of your lot, to
insure your comfort, to provide you
with pastime employment, mental and
bodily recreation. It is not likely that
you will ever know how difficult our
circulnstances have been."
With square -head clumsiness the
authorities go on to admit that "er-
rors have been committed, and that
there have been hardships for which
the former system was to blame,"
There have been "wrongs and -evils•on
both sides,". it is touchingly confessed,
and "we hope that you will always
that—and be . To
think of just." pro-
ceed:
"You entered the old L"inpire of Ger-
many; you leave the 'new Republic.
—the . newest, and,. 55 we hope to
mil
make it, the freest land in 'the world."
A becoming frock is this unusual
creation which is developed in flower-
ed challis, that material that bids
fair to be popular for summer wear.
McCall Pattern , No. 8801, Ladies'
Dress. In 6 sizes, 34 to 44 bust.
Price, 25 cents.
These patterns may be obtained
from your local McCall dealer or
from the McCall Co., 70 Bond St,,
Toronto, Dept. W.
litinar4'a Llntment torr sale everywhere.
April.
April greets us with a smile
Only for a little while.
Pretty soon she'll drop a tear,
Yet we're glad that she is here.
Smiles and tears win back the Sowers
That- will charm through summer
hours;
Make the grass put on its green;
Coax a thick and leafy screen
For the birds to nest and woo;
Send the brooks a-d.anciiig, too.
Coy, uncertain, full of wiles,
Often chary of her smiles,
April trips along the way
Decking earth in bright array.
I consider MINARD'S; LINIMENT
the BEST Liniment in use.
I got my foot badly jammed lately.
I bathed it well with MINARD'S LINI-
MENT, and it was as well as ever
next day.
Yours very truly,
T. G. Mcb ULLEN,
To -Gay
We who have loved the Old -World
Spell,
The glamour of ancient things,
Poetry stored in lands afar,
Majesty crowning kings.
Ruined castle and ivied moat,
Armour and blunderbuss,
Blazoned scutcheon and jeweled
shrine,—
What are they now to us?
BITS OP
wo
FROM HERE{ ERE
By His Letters.
"Where's your uncle, Tommy'."
""In France,'"
"What is he doing?"
"I think he has charge of the war."
Mathematics,
"One, two, three, four; one, two,
three, four---" yelled the drill ser-
geant,
"My goodness me," said the sweet
little thing, "do they really have to
teach those ignorant mechanics how
to count up to four'-"
Dead is the past of yesterday
Like the pant of a thousand years;
Gone the beauty of outworn things,
The horror of bygone fears.
Life! Life unseals our eyes!
These are the wonderful, days.
Glory beams from bumble souls,
Treading familiar ways.
Proven.. valor' of poor and weak,—
Not by a fairytale;
Golden legends are daily news,
Christendom does not fail.
The mighty are fallen, the proud as-
"- hauled,
Force is bowed in the dust,
But heroes march in the rank and file.
And the meek hold power in trust.
When was the beautiful world so.
strange,
Or ever romance so rife?
With nit undreamed, Future—ours to
mould
From the marvelous gift of Life.
Potatoes laid in shallow fiats in a
sunny part of the basement or house
send out sprouts, which, if carefully
handled when the potatoes are cut
and planted, will give potatoes earlier
than those, not started.
iusard'a Liniment Cures Eandr ar_
Noble Mariners.
Miss Softleigh (watching revolving
light of the lighthouse)—"How patient
sailors are!"
Coast Guard—"How, indeed?"
Miss Softleigh "They must be. The
wind has blown out the light six times
and they still keep lighting it again."
What the Cow Delete
Teacher (et a class chiefly of
for-
eigners): "What areo ha"
The children looked blank. •
"Does anyone know what a cow is?"
A dingy band waved wildly at the
back of the room.
"Well, Johnny," . the teacher said,
smiling, "telt us please."
"A cow," answered Johnny, "she
lays milk,"
PIPMIMMO
Knowledge Going to Waste.
A man who was travelling in the
mountains stopped at a cabin and
asked for a drink of water, An old
woman brought it out to him, and af-
ter drinking be had quite a talk with
her, telling her great stories about
some of the wonders he had seen in
the outside world. Finally, when he
stopped to take breath, the old wo-
man took her pipe out of her mouth
and said:
"Stranger, if 1 knowed as much as
you do Fd go some'ere and start a
little grocery."
Shocking.
An elderly lady of very prim and
severe aspect was seated next a young
couple, who were discussing the merits
of their motorcars.
"What color is your body?" asked
the young man of the girl at his side,
meaning of course, the body of her
motor.
"Oh, mine is pink. What is yours?"
"Mine," replied the man, "is brown
with wide yellow stripes."
'Phis was too much for the old lady.
Rising from the table, she exclaimed:.
"When young people conie to asking
each other the color of their bodies at
a dinner party it is time I Ieft the
room."
Kinard,' Liniment Curer Burns. S.te.
Sailors' Sixth Sense.
Sailors have a curious way at know-
ing when their ship is approaching
land. They go to Mother Nature for
their knowledge. If you are on the
ship they may ask you to feel the deck,
which is wet with dew. Even though
the stars are shining clearly and the
sea is absolutely smooth, the deck
seems as though water had been pour-
ed across it. The sailor will then in-
form you that dew . is never to be
found more than thirty miles from
land, so the dew is a good indication.
MONEY ORDERS.
It is always safe to send a Dominion
Express Money Order. Five Dollars
costs three cents. I:
LIVE POUX.TBY WANTED.
50e PAI t O4' PIGEONS AND UP,
• Any fancy poultry to sell?
'Write for ]'t ices, I, vtireinranch &Son,
le -•18 St, Jean Baptiste Market, Mont-
real, Que.
NURSES.
XT DIMS : 'EARN $15 TO $26 A WEEK
Learn without leaving home. fiend.
for free booklet; Royal College of
Science. Dept. 46,' Toronto, Canada;
pox saw:
WELL exauirPED l -u w/pApza
and lob printing plant in Eastern
Ontario. insurance carried 51,600. Will
•0 for 111.200 on oulck sale, Box id..
Wtle:rn Puhllfhinc Co, Ltd., Toronto,
AVNEKLji ?&%1'sl'Ak'E1t FOft SALH
Vika Ontario. Owner going to
Trance Will sell ;..000, Worth doubts
that amount App1T .1, $„ cio Wi1soa
Pnbliehtn,r Co.. Limited. Tornnte.
• iKISCELLANZOITS
CANCER. TU)COitS. LUMPS. ETC,.
Internal and external. cured with-
out pain by our home treatment. Write
Its before too Iate. Er, liellman Medical
Ce., .Limited, Coliins•wood, Ont.
('1E YOUZ BE,011TC5ITI, CeuG $
��IIJJ a 0 x. a $, EaONc8IAL ASTHMA
errs 8R,►Rs.^,.N ss dS w CtJn,ED
OTIRa, We havehundreds of testi-
monials from every part of Canada tes-
ttfytag to the wonderful healing power
of War= amoziCnrrxs mI TUSE,
fele, Clarke, 776 Indian Road, Toronto
coughed for 85 years with Broach„is: ft
cured him, liars, Clarke. No; 1 Yorlr.'ilie
Ave., Toronto, coughed for 16 year's;
one bottle cured her, John E. Gibbs.
Fenella, suffered fifteen years with
Bronchial Asthma, says there is nothing
Me it. W. 11ia13rayno, New Liskeard,
"At is the greatest Mixture I ever took.
Send me three more bottles.” The above
are only a few names of the many thous-
ands that have benefited by this great
mixture. write any of the above. They
will be only too pleased to tell you more
about it. The above mixture is sold un-
der On iron bound money back guarantee
to cure any -of the above ailments. Ten
times more powerful than any known
preparation, acts hive magic. One dose
gives instant relief and a good night's
rept without a cough. Pride 60 cents.
16 cents extra for mailing, Three bot-
tles mailed free for 11.60. Said only by
Buckley The Druggist, M Dundas St.
East. Toronto,
A Helpful Thought.
But the nearer the dawn the darker
the night,
And by going wrong all things come
right;
Things have been mended that were
worse,
And the worse, the nearer they are to
mend. —Longfellow.
¥ nsr4's Liniment *sheers !Neuralgia,
Canada's New Marine Fleet.
A. new feature of the forthcoming
navigation season will be the appear-
ance on the St. 'Lawrence of the Cana-
dian Government's mercantile marine,
of which by the end of the 'summer
there will be thirty freight steam-
ships.
No English king had ever passed
under Napoleon's Arc de Triomphe'
until King George's recent visit, to
Paris. 1
DARTING, PIERCING
SCIATIC PAINS
Give way before the pene-
trating effects of Sloan's
Liniment
So do those rheumatic twinges and
the loin -aches of lumbago, the nerve-
inflaminationof neuritis, the wry neck,
the joint wrench, the ligament sprain,
the muscle strain, and the throbbing
bruise,
Tease ease of applying, the quietness
of relief, the positive results, the
cleanliness, and the economy of
Sloan's Liniment ;cake it universally,
preferred. Made in Canada.
The total number of men, women
and children killed in Paris by air
raids and the shelling by "Big Ber-
tha" was 522. By a curious coinci-
dence the total number killed by air
raids in the .London Metropolitan
area also numbered 522.
GIRLS! THICKER AND
BEAUTIFY YOUR HAIR
ARD STOP. DANDRUFF
Try this! Your hair gets'wavy,
glossy and abundant
at once.
To be possessed of a head of heavy,
beautiful hair: soft, lustrous, fluffy,
wavy and free from dandruff is mere-
ly a matter of using a little Danderine.
It is easy and inexpensive to have
nice, soft hair and lots of it. Just get
a small bottle of Iinowlton's Dan-
derine now for a few cents—a11 drug
stores recommend it—apply a little as
directed and within ten minutes there
will be -an appearance of abundance,
freshness, fluffiness and an incompar-
able gloss and lustre, and try as you
will you cannot find a. trace of dand-
ruff or falling hair; but your real sur-
prise will be atter about -two weeks'
use, when you will see new hair—fine
and downy at first—yes—but really
new hair—sprouting out all over your
scalp—Danderine is, we believe, the
only sure hair grower, destroyer of
dandruff and cure for itchy scalp and
it never fails to stop falling hair at
OEM
If you want to prove how pretty and
soft your hair really is, moisten a cloth
with a little Danderine and carefully
draw it through your hair -taking one
small strand at a 'time. Your hair will
be soft, glossy and beautiful in just a
few moments- -a delightful . surprise
awaits everyone who tries this.
cam,,
Cees
r111=111oso6=1ms Miers. d�
1 A Kidney sewed;-
1
Kidney troubles are frequently
caused by badly digested food
which overtakes these organs to
eliminate the irritant acids
formed. Neap your stomach to
properly digest the food by
taking 18:to 30 drops of Extract
of Roots, sold as Mother Seigei's
iCurative Syrup, and your kidney
disorder will promptly dis-
appear. Get the genuine. 7
•
Laass sraaaltfa+11ss•INONIMOSei>IRE •a
Cudcura &IA Clea! , way;
Dandruff and Irritation
On retiring, comb the hair out straight,
then make a parting,gentlyrubbing i
a
Cuticura Ointment with the end of the
finger. Anoint additional pardnge until
the whole scalp has been treated. Place
a light covering over the hair to protect
the pillow from possible atain. The next
morning shampoo with Cuticura 'Soap
andhotsin leof soap,best
water, using plenty,
appliedd with thehands. Rinse in tepid
water. ; Repeat o two weeks if needed.
Cuticura Soap Piq merit' and Taicene-
25d. each plus Canadian duties.
ED. 7. ISSUE 116-'19,