HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Exeter Advocate, 1919-3-20, Page 6By Agrouoiaust..
This Department le for the use of ourefarr readers who want the advice
ref ars expert on any questionregarding soil, Seed, craps, eta If ,your queens*
is of sufficient general Interest. It wilt be answered through this column. if
*tamped and addressed envelope Is enclosed with your tatter, a- complete
*newer will be mailed to you, .Address Agronomist, carp. of Wilson Publlehina
Ca,. ';.td,,, 73 Adelaide St. W», Toronto
Smut of Oats, entire length of the fifty -six-foot
The oat crap of Canada is estimat- house and is connected at the farther
edat sheat 400 000,000 bushels. The end with a pipe which carries the
ff
average lois from oat smut, usually ey ff e o
brush is used to tcl an ids, the trru A.ag
ns h,
placed at four to six per cent., means' making it possible for the hens to
the destruction of about 20,000,000 have plenty of fresh water at all
bushels, a loss which can easily be times without any trouble to the pout-
prevented by seed treatment. it try keeper,
.
Oat smut is easily recognized s A galvanized tank is set in front
destroys the kernel and hull and el the engine. This was a hot water
sometimes the chefs, changing them tank,discarded because of a small
to a black dusty powder composed of 'leak:During the winter the tank is
xnillioas of spores, which are scatter- connected with the engine in such a
the sound oats in the vielnit;:ed by the wind and which lodge on. manner that the exhaust enters it
lFhen below; -leaves it at the top and passes
this grain is SQ n the smut ugh ` through a pipe leading aiong the cell-
armir ite and in,eet the young seed-
lings.
The smut develops inside the; ing, down qe wall and thez e through
growing plant and reduces the kernel! the wall to the rim of the horse
to a mass of spores instead of sound, trough outside, There the pipe is
grain. Q connected with a rectangular frame
The o°a; e„t o;' seed treatment is to of gas pipe resting on the floor of
kill the spores ledged on the grain, the trough. An elbow over the riml
The safest and best d
method is to permits the exhaust to escape into
treat the seed with a smethod
of the air, When the engine is running
ormaI0 thyde by one of the followini, there is sufficient heat generated by
method :the exhaust and radiated from the
Dipping method.,--Mlat welt one' tank to raise the teml erature of the
girt of form ble:01e (formalin) it,: room storage o batteries from fromee hfprez freezing, and
the
>olut gallons of sorter, putting the, also arns the drinking water forol..aion in barrels or casks. Put they the cattle. By this simple device a
seed in coarse bans that the solution; p
•svi? readily pass throtIgh and dip into waste product icarryingmade of a practical
the casks, al/owing to soak for about; use „ 1 sc is
five minutes until every gratin is wet.' tion to its highest efficiency.
Remove the hags and allow to drain `
en slats into the Basks, as the solu-: Plow Early for Corn.
tines may be used several tunes. Then Most farmers realize that in prepar
pi's the grain on a clean floor and ing land for corn the earlier the land
sewer with eaeke or eanvas for two; can be plowed in the spring the bet -
or three haurs. Dry the grain by' ter. There are, of course, excep-
sersading on a clean ioor and stir-' tional years when very early plowing
ring now and :hen. Sow the grain is net desirable, but these exceptions
as soon as it will run freely or, if, are. rare. Consequently it is germ: -
necessary to store, dry thoroughly.' ally w'lse practice to plow the land
as damp si e.i will mould or sprout. (as early as possible. The fact that
Sprinkling method, Pile thegrain; many farmers fail to get this done is
l a cleat: floor er grain wagon and ` not so much because they do not be-
s;ir raids the ,rain with the solution,lieve in early plowing as it is because
sir , a sprinkling can, shovelling, of a failure to organize their work
the seed from one pile to another so' properly. Of course, there are sea -
teat each kernel will he thoroughly; sons' when no man can plow early,
wet. About a gallon of solution will, but again it may be said that these,
',e required quired for each bushel of grain,! eeasons are rare.
Cover the grain as in the dipping' Early plowing makes possible a
method and dry. I good seed bed. The soil is given time
Do not allow the wet grain to' to settle together below, which is a
freeze as it mighteiiijure germination. very important principle, the weeds
When the grain has been treated and l are held back and the farmer has
i; damp and swollen the rate of seed -more time in which to prepare a thor-
ing should he increased about three-ough pulverized surface. Late plow -
fourths of a bushel per acre. Any I ing means either clods or the neces
bags or re:eptaeles used for holding ` sity of turning under a large growth
the treated grain should he disinfects' of weeds too late for its proper de-
ed in the eolution of formaldehyde. 1 cay. Usually it means both of these
Dry method: -This method has' things and the impossibility of pre -
been recently introduced but requiresparing a good seed bed.
more rears. A solution consisting of i The only cases where early plow -
one pint of formaldehyde to one punt; ing is not desirable are on those sea -
of water is sprayed on the grain while;Sons and on those soils in which the
it is being ,hovelled over on a clean'; land runs together after plowing. A
floor or canvas. A sprinkling can ` soil lacking in organic matter may
must not he used as a sprayer that' readily be beaten down by spring
will deliver the solution in the form r gains after it is plowed, so that it
of a mist is necessary. In this' becomes very hard. On the average
method there is no danger of freer-, soil, however, such a condition is not
ing and no drying is required. It: to be expected, and the early plowing
should not be used for wheat except; means a much better seed bed than
in an experimental way. One quart' can possibly be prepared where the
plowing is done late.
F. Y!l9VlR�. y
.y • eye K' K/J"T ,ik,, �. 'I s r N".
u3�4�!'i�b*!
s -'lies.
"Making two blades grow where only one grew before."
Don't Experiment With Fertilizers
Let the other fellow risk his season's crop and living—you stick to the
tried and proven winner, Gunn's "Shur -Gain." New fertilizers face you
at every turn, but remember,. for a completely balanced soil food made
by men with many "years' experience with Canadian farm needs, you
can't beat
Fertilizers
Get yan requirements in at once before it is too late: Guun's Shur -
Gain Fertilizers not only mean an early start for your crops, but a
steady stream of plant food right through the growing period, meaning
strong, full -headed, disease -resisting growths. We have a mixture to
suit your soil and crop.
Ask your dealer about Gunn's "Shur -Gain" to -day and write us for
interesting Booklet, "Bumper Crops,"
GUNNS LIMITED
WEST TORONTO, ONT.
all over. Taking the legs as a center
more body should be shown in front
than behind.
The sex of geese can generally be
told by observation. The gander
grows larger than the goose. The
goose is deeper in body, a trifle slim- it for ten seconds in water nearly, always troublesome during the clear It is frequently mistaken for dis-
mer in neck, and smaller in head. Time but not quite, boiling hot, and then cold days of winter bus . at aft other ease of the kidney or `spine or other
call of the gander is loud, long and immediately in cold water. After- seasons of the year particularly in organic diseases whish ewes to be
silent, while that of the goose is
ward hang in a cool place until the the early spring and fall it flourishes located in the back,
merely an answer to it, The male, animal heat is all gone. I'luinp,iUP causing great pain and misery, Heat is perhaps the best and most
adds to the appearance of the dressed It has seemed to me from a rather soothing remedy we 'have for Chia
poultry. careful study of it in my own person ailment, a hot water bag at the feet
: that the most important influence in and another at the back,
of the female sounds like `Come back, In ancient times the countrynow causing it is the atiuosphexe. It is often helpful to cover the back
conte back," while that of the male known as Portugal was called Lusi- When the air is l,ravy, the l'a'•0- with flanuel and ,iron it vigorously
resembles: "Tick,` tick," The red ear- Janie. The present name is derived metric pressure low, the atmosphere with an iron as hot as can be borne,
lobes are larger in the cock than in from Porto Carlo, the original Appel- nearly saturated with moisture and Blistering, cupping, massage and
the hen, lation of Opparto, which has ever the wind south, south-east, or north- electricity are also useful. It is beat
The hatching periods required for been the chief commercial city of the east an attack of lumbago may. be to avoid the use of drugs as far as
eggs of domesticated fowls are: country.
GOOD ;HEALTH QUESTJON SOX
By Andrew F, Currier. M.D.
Dr, Currier will answer all signed letters pertaining to Health. If your
question Is of general interest it will be answered through these columns,
if not, it will be answered, personally If stamped, addressed envelope Is en-
closed. Dr. Currier will net prescribe for Individual cases or make diagnosis.
Address Dr. Andrew F. Currier, care of Wilson Publishing Co., 73 Adelaide
St, West, Toronto..
Lumbago, become more and more annoying,
Recent medical writers fight shy of more and more painful..
this term, but like crick -in. -the -back, When you get downto a chair or
homely and expressiveand supposed the bed it seems as if you could never
to mean the same thing, it has long get up, and when you get up it is
been used by plain people and may] some seconds or minutes before you
not reaiiily be displaced by a morel can get so limbered up that you car
remove with any degree of comfort as
freedom from pain, .
After being around a few hours
during the day your back is so painful
and all motion is so difficult that li
seems as if you could never again get.
down to a chair or get into bed,
Not infrequently there is ' involun-
cuiar rheumatism, as many do, tary crampor spasm of small par•
though it is unlikely that it ,is en teens of the museles which is ex-
l infectious disease like the rheum- tremely painful,
tsm which attacks the joints. Usually it is possible to get into a
1 But whatever its cause it is a position le whish the pain is only
mighty unpleasant thing to have. moderately acute, sometimes a
It is one of the signs of approaching change from one position to another.
ageforseems only to start up a new kind
, and feebleness, I never knew Y „
i of a case in a person who had not of pain,
t passed initiate life, and the alder one Other causes of this trouble are
I gets the more susceptible to it he exposure to cold and dampness, via -
becomes, lent exercise of the muscles, intense
There does not seem to he any outs emotion, etc.
scientific or exact term.
It means pain in the lower or lum-
bar region of the back and. seems to
be seated in the muscles of that re-
gion.
You may call it a neuralgia if fou
like, just as every painful trquble is.
a neuralgia, or you may call it muS-
i growing it as there is with some It is made worse by constipation,
aches and pains, it may go away for by overwork and fatigue, by improp-
Chielens, twenty-one days; ducks, a few weeks or months but it in- er eating and drinking, by loss of
twenty -a ght days; turkeys, twenty- variably conies back again no neat- sleep and many other causes..
eight days; geese, thirty days. The ter how careful you may be to get An attack may last a few days or
Chinese goose egg requires five lid of it. several weeks, varying in its sever-
:eks to Batch, It is far less prevalent in summer ity with the weather' and 'with the
To plump a dressed fowl first~ dip than at any other season, and is not treatment, of the case.
too, is more aggressive.
The male Guinea is larger than the
female, and more aggressive. The cry*
of the solution will treat about fifty
bishels of seed,
Farre Machinery.
Conservation is the watch -word of
Canada to -day. Conservation has
always been the aim on a certain
farm known to the writer. A des-
cription of one or two little "saving"
devices which have been in satisfac-
Facts Worth Jotting Down.
A. fowl consumes about three
ounces of mash in the morning, two
ounces of grain at noon, and four
ounces of grain at the evening meal.
Guineas, like geese and pigeons,
pair when the number of males and
females is equal.
tory use for •the past five years may The turkey does not fully mature
be of some assistance to those who until two years old, and is at its best
are now, more than seer, feeling the at three years.
need of getting more service out of ' One pound of feathers can be se -
their farm machinery. cured from five ordinary fowls, or
In the centre of the engine house from ten ducks or from four geese.
on this particular farm is the gaso-
line engine, to the left, the air -com-
pressor tank and the dynamo, the
corn-sheller and feed grinder on the
right. At the extreme left is the
well -pit, On the opposite side of the
room are the storage batteries and
a work -bench.
The five horse -power engine is run
for half an hour night and morning.
It is capable of filling the air -com-
pressor, running the dynamo, which
charges the batteries for a thirty-
five -light
five li ht electric plant,and shelling
and grinding corn all at the same
time. The air -compressor furnishes
the, motive power for an air -pump In
p p
the six-inch well, supplying fresh
water, direct from the well, for all
parts of the farm, including three
residences. In this system there. are
for fully equipped bathrooms, three
kitchen sinks, two laundry tubs, and
various out -door faucets for lawn -
sprinkling. Four residences, the
barn, engine room and henhouse are
electrically lighted. . The owner's
house is installed with electric iron
and washing machine. The motor for
the latter also runs the churn.
The well, which is ;over ninety feet
For producing strong chicks two-
year-old hens are best, and well-de-
veloped yearlings come next. There
is a risk with pullets under nine
months of age. r
Nine dozen eggs a year is the egg
record of the average hen. The re-
cord for a turkey is two dozen; a
goose, three dozen; a duck, eight
dozen; a Guinea, eight dozen.
Young gobblers may be distin-
guished from the females by being
heavier, more masculine in appear-
ance, more naked fleshy growth on
the head, and a development of the
tassels on the breast.
A "chicken" is a young fowl, usu-
ally under six Ynonths of age. It be-
comes a "fowl' 'after that period. In
the same manner a young male: under
twelve months old is a "cockerel"—
after that a "cock"; and a young fe-
male until a year old is a "pullet"--
after
pullet"-
after that a ,"hen.",. A "baby chick"
Is one just hatched.
Hens' lay best in damp weather,
even during winter. It will lie notic-
ed that they are more prolific during
showery spells than they axe when it
is dry,. The • theory is that moisture
produces expansion and growth,
deep, overflows during . the greater whereas cold or dry warmth can -
part of the year. And at all times, tracts.
the exhaust from the air pump In salting the mash dissolve suf-
throws .a small stream of water into ficient salt in the water with which
the pit, llhris surplus water is piped the mash is to be moistened. •In this
to the henhouse, where it flows way the'. salt will' be more evenly dis.
through a cement trough. This trough tributed. An ounce o3 salt is about
_,is built along the front of the house, tight for 100 fowls." a 1 olzght fro1 'the publisii.e1s of
�.attractive able.f fowl is tong i arm ISIi"pei; If. you know of a "boolt
just beneath the �,vindnws, and is of An attract t o o g i n
proper hl tght to ` make it easily ac- body, wide in back, full. in breast, a.d you want and know its price, send the
image f sr the hent It . runs the plump over the keel—showing lime pioney to the farm paper and you will
THE FAMIER'S LIBRARY
By C. B. Ford �+
You perhaps are the one farrier in get the book without any trouble. My
a hundred who appreciates the value advice to the farmer who has never
of agricultural literature and spends made a start toward developing a
more or less money every year to add farzti library is to ask the editor of Many trainers make the mistake
to his collection of agricultural books. this paper to name for lzim in in.- of hitching the colt to a wagon be-
You may realize the advantage of partance the twenty best books for fore teaching him to drive with bar -
having at hand theocollected ideas of his library. While it is important to ness without a load, The "bitting"
other men who have made a study of buy the books, it is more important harness should first be used. This
managing a farm, and yet it is likely to have them read. The attitude of `consists of an open bridle with a
that you do not regard what agri- the farmer should be that both he and snaffle -bit, check and side reins and
cultural literature you have in the his hien should read the books. The surcingle with crupper. The side and
expected by those' who are suscepti-
ble to it, no matter what precautions
they may take to keep it off.
It begins with stiffness hi the mus-
cles on one or both sides of the lower
portion of the 'back, which rapidly
possible, with the exception of such
as may be necessary to keep the
bowels freely open.
The clothing must always be suffi-
cient to guard against chilling the
surface.
light of a library, and yet I believe it
does give added importance to it to
allow it that dignity, 'And more than
than, if you habitually view your
business literature from that stand- are all on our way up or down. The reins should be slightly tightened
point, you will be more likely to give question as to which way is our way, the second day, and the lines put ed
it the: care and attention it deserves.
In every farm home there ought to
be a growing collection of books, and
these books ought to be kept ,in a
suitable ease or set of shelves where
they will be•easily reached by any-
one connected with the farm. If the
farm is so small that the work is all
done liy the owner, or with the help.
of one pian, this little library is none
the less' important; perhaps I should
say it is all the more important. If
the farm is large and,. employes are
many, the library ought to be corres-
pondingly large, and perhaps divided
or duplicated so that the different de-
partments of the farm will each have
a library. Whatever the farm, what-
ever the labor and managing condi-
tions, there ought to be good agricul-
tural literature within reach of the
help and of the employer. The help
will be benfited by reading such
books, and it will pay them to take
an interest in that kind of reading,
but the manager must read. He -can-
not succeed in any large degree with-
out reading. On the small farm there
are times nearly every day when the
homed-` man and his employer have
time to spare for a little reading. It
may be during unfavorable weather,
dinner hour, or -the evening. One
cannot keep6' keyed , up to hard work
all of the time. *When -you let down,
instead of merely loafing read some-
thing out of the farm library. If a
man wants to get 'ahead he can do ,it
through agricultural {books. If 'he
a—t l he
to
shed ve 1 h
does not -want get ,
will not be reading this article.
The laboring positions on farms
too lar e an extent with
led to
`.b. fitg .
ax
people who are simply waiting and
hanging on. They are_living from
week • to week with nothing more than
a. vague hope that ,sometime, some-
how, luck will come their way. As a
matter of fact, they give almost no
thought to what they are .going to do
or become. It is perhaps the fdult
of the employer that the help are not
shown that they have in their own
hands the making of the future, a,nd
that one thing that will do more than
almost anything else to develop their
power and•ability is reading good
agricultural literature.
The editor of any•good farm - paper
will advise a subscriber at any time
as to what books are best for him to
use in; hips farm .library. In fact,.
practically all'; agricultural books can
owner himself needs the books to de- check reins should be left compara-
tively his ideals as much as the hired tively loose when the "bitting" har-
uien. The farmer can no more stand ness is put on, and the colt turned
still than can the hired man. We loose in a small yard for an hour. The
can be very nearly answered by not-
ing whether we are or are not read-
ers of agricultural literature.
Thera ought to be a willingness tor After he is quieted sufficiently, the:
the third day. One man shou
the colt while another walks behind, r
thus accustoming him to driving.1'
ld lead
learn to start the load. Gradually
accustom hint to automobiles, street
ears and railway trains, until he
learns they will not hurt him,
For To -Day.
Fut off your griefs and your sorrows,
Laugh and be glad while you may;
There are so many to -morrows,
There is but one to -day.
read agricultural books and papers, one who ,is leading can be dismissed.
When the eolt is ready to drive,
double, select ,a horse with which he
is familiar, Bitch the two together,
drive them about the yard in a. circle'
for about half an hour, first in one;
direction, then in another. After-
ward hitch a light wagon end, with
an assistant leading the colt, . drive
about, being sure that the brakes
along way, that ;at ought to be the keep the wagon from running on to
only way. The farm library ought the colt, Use a short stay chain on
to be a circulating library to the ex- the old horse so that the colt will
and this willingness ought to amount
even to anxiety. We all ought to be
anxious to get ahead and anxious to
find means of doing so. The key to
success,..is knowledge. Some knowl-
edge,we can get by our own experi-
ence, but more we can get from books
and papers. The reading route to
suceess is so much easier than the
hap -hazard, pick it up as you go
tent that everyone connected with the
farm shall be allowed to take any
book home to read. Employes ought
to be encouraged to do such reading
outside. They ought to be shown its
great advantage to them.
A. rnest .important feature of the
farm library should be the farm pa-
pers. It is sot enough to read agri-
cultural books. There is rnuch in the
agricultural papers that never ap-
pears in a book, and an addition there
is the news of the business that will
keep everyone connected with the
farm up to date, and informed on
what is new in stock, tools; equip-
ment,methods and practice.
Some employes take the position
that it is not their business to keep
themselves informed, that they are
merely laborers, and all they have to
eput out b the
follow orders do ,is y
manager or owner of the farm This
may be theoretically correct, but
time to raise wages,
when it comes g ,
or when at comes tin.±o choose em-
ployes to be kept or promoted while
others are discharged, the fortunate
ones are those who have tried to see
how much they could learn 'about the
busifiess, rather than how little. And
when another farm owner wants' a
manager or herdsman, or when the
owner' wants to advance a man, the
one that is capable :of taking the po-
sition, who has read books, studied
the farm papers and informed him-
self is the one that is selected. It is
not enough to take one agricultural
paper and keep it on file There ought
to be papers taken representing every
phase of agriculture that is conduct-
ed, when there is, a special publica-
tion for that branch of the business.
The fainr library will be the big-
gest paying ,investment the farmer
eves' made,' if he uses care and intel-
ligence in the choice of literature and
methods for getting it read.
POTATOES
50 New Varieties can positively be
grown from one Packet of Hybri-
dized Potato Seeds. Every hill will
be different. All colors, shapes and
sizes May be worth a gold mine.
Don't miss these rarest and most
wonderful of Seeds. Packet, with
Directions, 15o., 4 for 50c., 10 for
$1.00, with our booklet;' "Making the
Garden Pay."
$AR$Y'S. SEED STORE
Dept. 8 360 Dorchester St. W.
MONTR LDL, ODD.
Varicose Veinst?'-
WEAR THIS
Non-E1asho Laced stocking
SANITAEY, as they may
be washed or boiled. '
ADJUSTABLE; laced like
a legging; always fits.
CON 'O1eTAELE, made
Measure; light
and
to - meas g
durable:
COOL contains NO.ItUB-
r
TJO TT
it 00® SOLD
�
ECONpillZCE.L, cost $3.60
each, or two for the same
limb, $6.50, postpaid.
Write..for Catalogue and,
Self-Ilfeasui'einent $lanfk
Corliss Limb Specialty Co.
514 New Birks Bldg.
3i ontreal,. P.Q.
SPRING MUSKRATS
We pay, the best price for Spring
Muskrats
Send any Furs you have. You are.
assured of satisfaction in pr1cesand
treatment.
ABBEY FUR COMPANY
310 St. Paul St. W., Montreal, Que.
In business for 30 years
Reference: Bank of Hochelaga,
St. Henry.
N.B. SEED 7ATOE3�
Roses, Hebrons, Cobblers, Delawares.
Green Mountains and. Silver Dollars.
Strict attention large or small orders.
F. L. ESTABROOKS & CO.
(Dealers in Hay, Potatoes &Produce)
SACKVILLE, N. .
SPRING:
SK RATS
1n Big Demand
Highest Prices
Assured by
Sending to
Waner9 Brasier
& Company
84 FRONT ST. EAST
TORONTO
Established 1907'
Send a Trial Lot
Results Will Please You
r.............
i
ACrqpSaver'
1 Top -Dress Fall Wheat
With Fertilizers
Frosts and thaws have done con-
sierable damage to ia1
1 'Wheat by
heaving the soil.
Spring top -dressing is oiten the.
life-saver. .:
Increases from
Top -dressing �� rvVath i:
iq , Fertilizers 1
p
Increase in yields Ohio Eapert-
resent 'Station for a period aef 23
year's was 13.2 bushels per acre.
Ontario Agricultural College I •
reports an increase of 8.3 bushels py
Per acre. Y
IMake sure of yo'ir' i -ass catch and in:
creasecur wheat yield this spring b
feeding the weak, plants. P S Y
1 IT PAYS TO FERTILIZE I
Write for Paanpii]et• ITo. 1 --"reeding for
hood';
The Soil and Crop
Improvement Bureau
i of,the Canadian
Pertilizer Association
11i0f3TEMPL;'
BLDG., TORONTO „z „
.1�