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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Exeter Advocate, 1918-6-13, Page 6lay Agronomist, This f9epartniusnt is for the use of our farm readers wile want the advlcn an expert on. any question regarding soli, seed,,crons,..etc., If your question rla of eUfficient general interest It will be answered through this column. it autaenpee and addressed envelope is enclosed with your Tetter, a compiou' Co,, Ltd., answer will be mailed to you. Addreees,A9renomist, care of Wilson Publishing 73 Adelaide 8t. W., Toronto, Alsike and White • Clover as Honey Plants. Farriers know the value of the two perennial clovers, alsike and white Dutch clover, for liay and pasture, but it is not always remembered that a large bonus may be obtained from them in the form of honey, They produce more honey in Canada than all other plants put together, and this honey is of the highest quality. Production of clover honey is greatest in the fanning lands of Basted). Canada, Almost the whole region south of the Ottawa River is excellent. The St. Lawrence "River Valley is almost as good. The val- leys of the St. John, and other rivers in New Brunswick, marsh hay lands. in Nova Scotia and the rich farming lands of Prince Edwaa•d Island and around Lake St. John, Que. are very good too. In the clay belt of Northern Ontario, notably around Haileybury and Dryden, .these clovers grow in immense quantity and luxuriance, and some years produce heavy honey crops, While alsike as a commercial honey plant has reached its highest development in the Eastern Prov- inces, white clover does well in a large part of Manitoba and British Columbia. The cultivation of clover on suit- able lands as a combined farm and honey crop is recommended as fol- lows:- 1. Growing alsike with timothy for hay., Alsike is better for this pur- pose than red clover because the lat- ter is of practically ;no . value for honey production and. is beginning to spoil by the time the alsike and timothy are ready to cut. Alsike will grow on certain types of soil, for in- stance, ill -drained land, better than red clover. 2. Growing aiiike for seed. An abundance of honey bees increases the yield of seed per acre; and leav- ing the plant to produce seed lengthens the honey flow. 3. Sowing white clover in grass mixtures intended for pasture. On favorable lands the white clover will keep spreading, improving the pass ture both for cattle and bees. Graz- ing, if not too close, will not'serious- ly curtail honey production, and it lengthens the honey -Slow. The honey -flow from clover lasts three to five weeks, beginning, ac- cording to latitude, between raid -June and mid-July. Good management of the bees, to build them lip strong in time for the honey -flow and keep them from swarming, is necessary. There is no better food for bees in winter than clover honey. Crow vs. Corn. In Canada, the most serious enemy to the corn crop is the crow. A dose of shot is an infallible cure for the latter's fondness, for corn, but, un- fortunately, it is more easily prescrib- ed than administered. There are, laa•wever, other means of combatting the trouble. 1. Treating the Seed: Immerse the corn for 2 or 3 minutes in water as hot as can be borne by the hand, Drain, and while the cornis still moist and warm, add half a cupful of coal tar or pine tar per gallon of seed. Stir until every kernel is coated with tar. Asa drier, add a small quantity of lime, plaster, or even dry- road dust. If the work iswell done, seed $o prepared may be sown by machine, but the feed should be watched carefully for fear clogging may occur, '2. Deep Planting: Plant the corn not less than 3 inches .deep. This will prevent it from being washed to the surface by heavy rains and, after germination, the young shoot will break off when the crow attempts to pull up the plant. 3. Poisoned Corn: When crows are noticed on the field, take some corn,. say two gallons, more or less accord- ing to the size of the field, and boil for about thirty minutes in just suf- ficient water to cover corn to the depth of one inch, To the water and corn, before boiling, add about one- eighth ounce of strychnine or, better still, of strychnine sulphate, for each gallon of water. Allow the corn to lie in the strychnine and water over night. In the morning drain off any water remaining and scatter the corn thinly over the corn field. In making use of the above plan great tare should be taken to pour the water off the corn into some hole or in a spot not likely to be frequent- ed requented by children or domestic animals. Care should also be.taken to keep poultry off the corn field for two or three weeks after the poisoned corn has been scattered. thereon. 4. A device much used in some localities is ."stringing the field". Stakes 3 or 4 feet high are placed here and' there and connected by twine to which may be attached` pieces of paper or bits of bright tin. Dead crows obtained by method 3 may also be attached to the twine or stakes. The time-honored "scare- crow" may also be tried but it must be admitted that the 'crow of to -day does not seem very deeply impressed by this old device. 5. If crows are noticed in or near the corn field have a boy watch the field for 2 or 3 days, firing a gun now and then when the crows are in sight and showing himself quite openly. Then put up a sort of tent in the field (a stack cover or binder cover will do). The crows are never sure but that the boy with the ; gun is in the tent and will give the spot a - wide berth. .A. combination of some or all of the above plans, which are simple and inexpensive andhave been tested out~with good results, will soon per- suade the crow that the locality is.an undesirable one. How to Select a Horse. The following specifications, issued for the guidance of those who buy army horses, are quoted in an article appearing in the Breeders' Gazette, and as the general description given applies to all horses for each and every purpose in the army, it may well be applied in the selection of horses for any good purpose: Head. -Small and well set on. neck; with ears small, thin, neat and erect; forehead broad and full; eyes large, prominent and mild with weil deveI- oped browand fine eyelid; vision .per- fect in every respect; muzzle small and fine; mouth deep; lips thin and firmly compressed; nostrils large and Sine; and branches of under -jaw (ad- joining neck) wide apart. Neck. -Light, moderately long and tapering toward the head, with crest firm and longer than under side; mane and forelock fine and intact. W`' ith era.- EL evated well developed and rnusel unduly duly fine, Shoulders, -Long, oblique and well muscled. Farmers who ship their wool direct to us get better prices than farmers who ;sell to the general store. ASK ANY FARMER! who has sold his wool both ways, and note what he says or, better still, write us for our prices; they will show you how much you lose by selling to the General Store, We pay the highest prices of any firm in the countryanaarethe largestwool, drillers in CS nada. Payment is ,•e milted the same clay wool is received. &hipusgonrwoolto-day yyottwillbe afore than pleased if you do, and, are 1 assured of a square deal from us 2 13 with ANDREWS 1`, ties Wealth From the Sea. There are fortunes lying under the sea in the holds of torpedoed ships, and many minds are busy on the prob- lem of recovering this wealth. "Salvage companies are -laying plans for raising both ships and car- goes on a big scale," said the manag- ing director of a firm of submarine engineers. "Cargoes to the value of millions of pounds are awaiting re- covery. "In many cases, where ships cannot be raised, cargoes can be salved. We recovered ;£70,000 in Spanish gold coins some years ago from the Al- phonso XII., 165 feet underthe sea off. Point Gando, Grand Canary." Chest, -Full, very deep, moderately broad, and plump in front. Forelegs. -Vertical as viewed from front and side and properly placed; with elbow large, long, prominent and clear of breast; forearm Iarge at el- bow, long and heavily muscled. Knees. -Neatly outlined, large, pro- minent, wide in front, well situated and well directed. Back. -Short, straight and well. muscled. Loins. -Broad, straight, very short and muscular. Barrel, -Large, increasing in size toward flanks, with ribs well arched and definitely separated. eeindquarters.-Wide, thick, very long, full, heavily muscled, rounded externally and well directed. Stifle. -Well defined, prominent and well supported by muscles of that region. Tail. -Fine and intact; wellcarried and firm. Hocks. -Neatly outlined, lean, large, wide from front to rear, well situated and well directed. Limbs, -From lances and hooks downward vertical, short,flat, wide laterally, with tendons and ligaments standing well out from hone and dis- tinetly defined. Pasterns. -strong, medium length, thea not too oblique, and well directed , Feet. ---Medium size, circular in shape, sound; with horn smooth and of fitte texture; sole moderately cone cave, and frog well deVcloped, sound, firm, large, elastic and healthy. Every poultryman interested in maximum production at ipinimum. cost should market all mature male birds early in June. The time has arrived when the male bird• is no long- er useful. Except in a very few instances where special matings are made this season's ,breeding work is. done, It costs as much or more to feed and care for a male bird for a year as it does a laying herr. When the slacker hon is culled cull the male bird. 'Keep no individual that does not produce a value greater than the cost of feed and care. There are some males worthy of being kept over for another year's breeding work, hut they are the exception. It the breed- ing work has been carefully planned there should be young males growing up that will be equal or superior to the old ones. The male., bird does a still greater harm than eating his head off during the summer, fall and winter, If al- lowed to run with the hen he will fer- tilize the market eggs during the warm moa its when nearly half the season's supply is. produced; A few hours under a broody her, in a warm, room or in a store window and in-, cubation starts. Then the temper a tole changes, the. germ dies and the egg's spoil, : This los: is much great- er even in our nearby markets than is commonly supposed. ;[t is worth while to produce infertile eggs. The male is in no way necessary, for egg production; in fact his pre- sence in a flock of hens inay slightly decrease production,' Egg produc- tion roducttion frequently drops slightly when males are placed with the hens for breeding purposes. To Our IIeroes;. Methinks the scarlet poppies on the fields Of France -in this dark hour -- Are but the blood' of our dead heroes, Blossomed into flower. To watch and wait, and not in vain; For, though they blow and tpss im- patiently At last shall bow their glorious Beads And whisper "Victory!" CARE OF SPRING DUCKS By W, E. Gage. More and more farmers are taking up with ducks, and many tell us that t its is the easiest money in poultry- dom. Of course, this is an individ- ual matter, but the fact remains that ducks are becoming more and more popular on the markets, and the prices paid for duck meat is con- tinually on the increase, But the fact that caring for ducks isso un- like the care of chickens, it would seem timely to give a few of the im- portant items. Ducks are great layers producing an astounding number of eggs. ' I had a pen of to nducks, of Indian Runner strain, that produced not less than ten eggs per day during the hatching season, and on several oc- rasions -lar f d eleven. eggs. -Th.o- eggs will hatch successfully in incubators, more so than will hens' eggs. The eggs should be turned regularly twice each day, and must not be more than ten days of age when placed in the machine. The eggs demand more moisture than hen's eggs, and the musty, spoiled grains. After they are ducklings are slower in coming out five weeks old they 'can be left out in of the shell than chicks. Very few people understand the care ducks should receive. The be- ginner is very enthusiastic at first, should have. a dry bedding of some but when he finds that poultry me- kind. The houses must be so that no thods fail, that the ducks "just die,", draughts will enter during- the early he becomes discouraged, and quits. age, nor during the night when the The main trouble is that the little ducks are resting; Do not forget the fellows contract diarrhea, which kills water in feeding ducks. It adds them off by the bushel every night. volume to the food and makes feed - And if kept in the sun without shade, they will be sunstruck and die. The pens should be placed so that shade and sun are combined, and little trou- the ducks should be ready for market, feed the following mash three times a day: Two, measures of corn meal, two measures of middlings, one mea- sure of bran, -one ' measure of green stun, ten per cent. beef scraps, five per cent. sand. At any time if the, ducklings show any signs of loose- ness of the bowels add a little ground I charcoal to the mash. Oyster shells, granulated bone and fine grit are al- ways'kept before the birds. One of the large duck farms where the feed is all bought except the green stuff, the claim is made that it !costs five cents for food alone and from six to ten cents per poupd for labor and food to raise a duckling to ten weeks -a marketable age, after !which are they fall away in flesh and ;profit is less. Each duck should pay raaisedprofit of fifty cents when properly • No expensive grains are needed for ducklings, but they must never be fed the open air unless the weather is bitter cold and stormy: Ducklings need fresh air, and ing cost less becauseit. makes ,the same amount• of feed more filling. But such breeds as Indian Runners should not be allowed any more wa- ble will follow, rations being, proper, ter than poultry, as they are "dry Feed When Young land ducks," and too much water will The ducklings should not be fed un- kill them. The Pekin ducks will do better in swimming h:but til thirty-six hours old. Then feed oles, this the following mash,' barley wet with .may be arranged by using an old vat, on farms where there is no creek, skim -milk or water: One measure of and a creek is a dangerous thing, as cracker or stale bread crumbs; one half mea, there are,minks and other animals measure of middlings; one sure bran; five per cent. sand. ' Feed that will prey upon the flock at night four times daily. The first forty-eight and kill off the best of the stock. hours keep a supply of food and wa- ter before the ducklings day and night, but have the water in vessels Sorting Them Out Drakes may be sorted from ducks by the curled tail feather, which curls which will allow the beaks to enter, upward. A duck quacks, a drake and not get the ducks 'wet, After does not. These becomenoticeable they have been in the brooders for forty-eight hours give the regular ra- tions. ations. From one week to five weeks old feed the following growing mixture four times a day: Four measures of bran, three measures of middlings; one measure of corn meal, thee mea- sures of fresh green stuff or two of dry clover steamed, five per cent. sand, five per cent. fine ground beef scrap. Mix all together dry and wet. up with• cold water or skim -milk to make crumbly gnash. .Feeding for Market From the fifth to tenth week, when farmers to enter this business. when the ducklings become four weeks- of age: The ducks should never be handled as hens. Always carry themby the necks. Making money with ducks is not easy. ' It demands hard work, per- sistence, and careful watching, but the fact still remains that ducks can be turned into ready money in ten weeks, which is not possible with chickens, and the fact that ducks are more . prolific layers, that the eggs hatch easier, and that the care which ducks should receive is not greater, should cause a larger number of ruNm CUT OUT AND FOLD ON DOTTED JUNES FOLD FOCeawR LVVII in the house on rainy days, Heap big Indian Willie plays, 'He's as fierce ;i:r be call be, You just .fold iuxn up and see. e Have Ls,sied A Comprehensive Summary of Canada's four internal (or Domestic)' • War Loans in concise form giving com- plete information regarding these issues... We will be pleased to send you one on request. We recommend Canada's 5 y2 % Victory Bonds. Due 1922, 1927, 1937. Price 98% and: interest for any ;maturity. NESS, , THOMSON Investment Bankers Mercantile Trust Bldg. 222 St. James Street COMPANY ®ted Hamilton Montreal COD HEALTH QUESTION BOX By Andrew F. Currier, M.D. br. Currier will answer all signed letters pertaining to Health. If your question is of general interest it will be answered through these columns; if not, itwillbe answered personally if stamped, addressed envelope is en- closed. Dr, Currier will -not prescribe for individual cases or make diagnosis.. Address Dr, Andrew F, Currier. care of Wilson Publishing Co.. 73` Adelaide St.` West, Toronto. Tonsilitis. By this term is meant inflamma- tion of the almond shaped bodies and the tissues around them which are on either side of the throat or pharynx. These organs are no doubt, of im- portance in guarding the entrance to the throat but they are also ex- ceedingly troublesome for they are very often the seat of disease, and they become so greatly enlarged as practically to block up this entrance and interfere greatly with the func- tion of breathing. When they are enlarged. and the crypts or glands they contain, full of offensive infectious material, in ad- dition to the other infectious material with which' the mucous membrane of the `mouth is always supplied, they are subject to frequent attacks of in- flarnmation, become a constant menace to the hearing and to the health in general and should be re- moved. But this is not an argument for their indiscriminate removal. Like the troublesome, though much abused appendix, they have a mission to ful- fill, and if they cause no trouble, as is true in countless cases, I do not be- lieve any one has any business to re- move them. The acute form of inflammation of the tonsils, also known as quinsy or quinsy sore throat, is a very trouble- some and painful affection which is very common in children and young adults, particularly during the win- ter and early spring. It may be due to the infectious ma- terial already in the mouth and ton- sils, or to tuberculosis in the mouth or the glands of the neck, and it is Often followed zy an attack of rheu- matism. , It begins with dryness, - stiffness, and soreness of the mouth, with thirst and with difficulty in swallowing.", It resembles grippe in the general suggest. discomfort which comes with it, the chill, pain and soreness in the legs and back and "all over," headache and raging fever. Swallowing becomes more and more painful and difficult and the throat more dry, saliva dribbles from the corners of the mouth, opening of which becomes impossible, the speech becomes inarticulate, the tongue is coated, the breath very offensive, hearing is impaired and at Iength an abscess may form in the neck, the throat, or the ear,; When the abscess discharges or is opened, there is a feeling of relief and improvement generally "takes place. One form of tonsilitis called folli- cular or croupous tonsilitis may be mistaken for diphtheria, the tonsils being covered with a deposit which suggests the false membrane of diphtheria. But it is quite different from the latter, for it may be easily scraped away' which is not the case with the membrane of diptheria, In tonsilitis the patient should have nourishing fluid food and as much as he can digest, for the disease is an exhausting one. It is better for him to be in bed, and isolated from other members of the 'family. If an abscess forms it is desir- able to open it, let it drain' freely and keep the surrounding tissues clean, rather than to leave it to nature. The bowels must be kept open, pre. ferably with an antiseptic like cal- omel. The entire cavity of the mouth must be frequently rinsed and clean- ed with peroxide or some other good mouth wash, and the tonsils swabbed several times daily with a strong solution of nitrate of silver. J. W. M. -Answer -If' the person referred to was in good physical con- dition, I can see no harm in what you INTERNATIONAL LESSON. JUNE 16 Lesson XI. Jesus On The Cross- Mark 15. 1-47. Golden Text, Mark 15. 39, Verse 22. They bring him unto Golgotha . The place of a skull -The Hebrew word means skull. There is no general agreement as to the location of Golgotha. The tradi- tional site lies within the present city, The gospels indicate that it was out- side the city, yet near it, on a road leading from the Country to the city. (John. 19. 20; Luke 23. 26.) 23. They offered him wine mingled - c .s tl with myrrh -Drugged wine was offer ed to those about to undergo crucifix ion, in order to lessen their suffering Jesus refused it. 24. Part his garments . cast- ing lots -The clothing of the con demned became the perquisite of the soldiers on duty. Jahn, who was; an eye witness, distinguishes between the garrn ents and- the coat or tunic and states that the latter was not divided 25. It was the third hour -Mark alone gives definitely the houreof thee day. ' Jahn, says "It was about the sixth hour" when Pilate brought Jesus forth to the judgment seat. Some suppose that Jesus was brought forth by Pilate at the sixth. hour of the Ro- man calculation, which would be the third hour according to the Jewish reckoning. 26. The superscription .Usually the criminal bore at tablet indicating his crime, which was affixed to his crass over the sufferer's head. It was n three languages, Latin, Greek, and like the crowd, openly shout their derision, but mock him among them- selves with the taunt, "He saved oth- ers, himself he cannot save." This taunt is his great glory. He would not exercise his power for hisown advantage. Had he done so he would have yielded to the temptation which met him at the very beginning. 32. They that were crucified with him reproached him -Luke refers to only one of the ;malefactors as railing on Jesus and gives the incident of the penitent robber and Jesus' reply to his petition. -- 33. 33. When the sixth hour was come darkness over the whole la• nd -From twelve until three 'o'clock. This was not an eclipse, for it was full moon. "Luke says it was due to the sun's light failing. Was it a local phenomenon or over the whole earth? he languageis best suited to its be ng a local darkness. 34. At the ninth hour Jesus cried with a loud voice -The ninth hour was the hourfor the evening •sacrifice T Acts 3. 1). The Greek. indicates that he cry was, strong and loud, as of one rying out for help. Eloi, Eloi, lama abachthani-Mark;' gives the cry hi le vernacular Aramaic. John and Luke record six other cries from the - cross: 1. The prayer for forgiveness for his enemies (Luke 23. 34);•' 2. The promise to the penitent robber (Luke 23. 43); 8. The charge to Mary and to John (John 19. 26, 27)) ; 4. The ex- • clamation ."I thirst" (John 19. 8); 5, (The declaration "It is finished" (John 19. 30) ; 6. The final commendation of 1his spirit to God (Luke 28. 46). The cry of here, recorded by Mark is from one the great Messianic Psalms (Psi: 21.11101 2. 1.) 35, Behold he calleth Elijah --A word of banter from the unfeeling crowd, not a misunderstanding of the language. 3d. Vinegar -The sour wine drunk by the soldiers, now given to relieve his intense thirst, one of the awful pangs of the crucifixion. 37. Uttered a loud, voice -All notice' the loud cry of Jesus in dying. It was, perhaps, the exclamation re- corded by Luke (23. 46), "Father, itrto thy hands I commend my spirit." Gave' up the ghost--"Yielcled up his spirit" (Matthew), "Bowed his head, and gave up his spirit" (John), • ,Hebrew. 27. With him they crucify two rob- bers -Not "thieves" but "malefac- tors." Men of violence, desperadoes, :lrerhaps fanatical zealots who were heroes in the eyes of the Jews. 29. Ha! thou that destroyest the temple! -That he spoke against the temple wee` the accusation of the two a.witnesses 'before Caiaphas (Matt. 26. tj; Mark 58). That he had done despite to ;he temple had, therefore, become c eluent unong the masses of the, Jeefe and h i hly inflamed them e. an,oinst him, -31. The chief' 1r ieeti ---These do not,