HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Exeter Advocate, 1918-5-2, Page 6!3y Agronomiet.
This Department is for the use of our farm readers who want the adeslc®'
of on exert on anyquestion regarding soil, seed, craps, etc. If your quaItlost
Is of sufficient n If
general Interest, it will be answered through this colu►nn•lete
stamped: and addressed envelope Is enclosed with your letter, a come
late
answer will he mailed to vete Address Agronomist, care of Wilson Publishing
Co., Ltd., 73 Adelaide St. W., Toronto,
FACTORS INFLUENCING CROP YIELDS.
Crops require moisture, heat and following an application of manure•
food in suitable amounts and propos The area sown to these cereals, if
tions to make rapid, strong growth. seeded clown to clover and grasses,
Nature supplies the essentials for will supply a hay crop the third, or
crop life and growth, the farmer's task the third and fourth years, and the
and problem is to utlize these re- sod turned down, manured if neves-
sources in such a way as to ensure sary, fits the land for corn or roots
satisfactory yields. Investigations once more.
conducted at the Central Experiment- Such general plan of rotation may
al Farm, Ottawa, have, led to the con- be modified by such farmers as will
elusion: that the following factors ex- best suit soil and needs, but some
est a telling influence towards in- such scheme is necessary in order
creasing crop production. that humus, probably the most valtu-
Underdrainage --Probably the mostable of all soil constituents, be added
important and indispensable whereand maintained in the soil, to keep it
the rainfall is great, in good producing shape, Humus
(a) To carry off surplus water,. decomposed and decomposing vege-
(b) To allow air to enter the soil. table matter is provided in applica
(c) To aid in raising the soil tem- tions of barnyard manure, in legume.
perature, crops such as clovers and in green
It is equally a necessity in soils manuring crops like buckwheat,
where moisture conservation has to be Humus absorbs and holds soil moil-
considered. Drainage lowers the na- ture and is a means of raising soil
tural water table in the soil leaving temperature since dark soils absorb
the soil in shape to absorb rain as it heat readily and rapidly,
falls, that is preserved for use of Manure. -Barnyard manure is most
crops: effective fertilizer -.and furnishes
On the whole drainage improves the humus forming material. Fresh
mechanical condition of the soil and manure gives crop yields almost equal
assists in influencing the liberation of to those from rotted manure and when
plant food elements. applied directly it can be handled
Plant Food.—In proper proportions more economically with regard to'
for the different classes of crop to be labor. Manure should be spread even-
ly and incorporated thoroughly with
the soil. Applications should be made
in moderate quantities frequently
rather than in larger quantities at
longer intervals. Apply the manure
for hoed and clover or other hay crops
in a suitable crop rotation which pro-
vides that eachfield in the 'farm will
receive regularly its fair share of
manure.
Proper Cultural Methods.—To make
a good, seed -bed requires thoroughness
in carryingout each step in its pre-
paration.
grown. This involves the adoption
of a good crop rotation. This rota-
tion should be a short one, say of 8
to ik years' duration, and the order of
crops is most important. Crops
such as corn, roots, potatoes and hay,
require large supplies of food from
the soil for stem, leaf and root
growth. This . may be most easily
supplied by clover or other sod
turned down, or by heavy : manuring.
The cereals, such as wheat, oats and
barley require less of this food and
generally do best if sown the year
An easy, quick and thorough way to
get the lice off, or keep them off cat-
tle is to put about equal parts of wood
ashes and sulphur in a salt sack or
close -woven gunny sack and hand it
where cattle will run under it, and
rubbing against it dust themselves.
Infectious abortion is retarding
some farmers in developing a dairy
business. It causes losses in the herd
increase but does not unfit the milk
for human use although the germ is
frequently located in the udder. It
is a souree of great discouragement to
some cattle owners but as yet there is
no way of overcoming it. The ani-
mal diseases are a warfare between
the microbe and the host and they
make a high degree of intelligence
necessary in the successful live stock
owner. If it were not for the skill
which is necessary to fight diseases,
almost anyone could be a live stock
farmer. Stable sanitation is an import-
ant factor in the control of animal dis-
eases.
It takes just one dairyman in a
community to start the movement to
obtain a community -owned pure-bred
bull. In many sections scrub bulls are
used because everyone knows that
they need a good bull,but no one
wants to bother his neighbor with the
suggestion of starting an organiza-
tion.
A dairyman owing forty cows re-
cently said: "The milking machine
has taken all of the `sting' out of
dairying on our farm. We now ob-
tain more satisfaction in caring for
the cattle and save much time." He
is the type of a man who has milked:
cows all of his life and knows the
dairy business thoroughly. He is
also the kind of a man who has some-
times been discouraged with the
drudgery of milking a large herd of
cows. His milking machine has giv-
en him quite a little inspiration and as
lie says, it has helped overcome one
of the unpleasant features of dairy-
ing on a large scale.
There are many old barns still ren-
dering''good service and they have to
be used, but it is unfortunate that the
value of sunshine as a disinfectant
as not always been appreciated. It
s the dairyman's best friend for keep-
1US RA o S WANTED
I will pay highest market prices
for Rats, Ginseng ,toot .and all other
rave furs,
20 years of reliable trading
eforance—Union Bk. of Canada
N. SILVER
20 St x aur St. W., aaoattsoeX,
Sure Cure for
Here's What Jas, Mcl ,rnan, tilutwv'lile r,q,
,Sa s about CAPITAT, Elr.Av:r 11EMEDI
h us-aic1 CAPI'!"ir, 11 1AVE itIIli LDk
before ona, horse that another man turned ori
a baro pasture to stat--tn. i cured her with
the powders. I can prove this about the old
Sorse; T have her yet; ,,ho has ,Sever showed
FIeaveleinee,", b.
NiREE 7`Srhh .L FFE
We have such' confidence in ihisreinedY
that we send a full week's trial free, cot,
tie. to °everposta{ge and wrapping.
write to Vii'ffillINA5Y SUPPLY ROUSE,
-Ay. Slip ca a12t..treet Oiia a, ons
ing a stable in good' condition and
when the sun can shine on; the gut
ters, the work of keeping the barn
sanitary is not so difficult. In' build-
ings used for live stock it pays to ar-
range for plenty of sunshine and it
pays to study bulletins and building
literature before using expensive ma-
terial to experiment with home-made
plans,
The brood mare that seems to have
the least trouble and produces healthy
i sound colts, and also has little trou
ble at foaling time, is one which had
been worked moderately, or has had
i regular daily exercise. Of course,
i she should have plenty of nourishing',
food of good quality, especially dur-
I ing the latter gestation period. It is
also important that she should be
supplied with clean drinking water,
groomed once a day and her stable'
well supplied with fresh air. The
brood mare does best when kept in a
box stall. The writer knows of °no
very good reason why a brood mare
cannot be used to do moderate work
up to within ten days or two weeks of
foaling timer A box stall should be.
thoroughly cleaned . and disinfected
with either coal tar disinfectant al:
white -washed' with fresh lime wash
for her to foal in. She should be
kept in this stall for a week before
she foals. The bedding should be
clean. A quiet secluded place where
1 the mare can hide away from other
1horses seems to be her choice location;.
Her food supply should be nourishing,
but of a laxative nature. A few well -
salted bran rnashes or roots will open.
her bowels. A mare that is constipat-
ed sometimes has trouble -foaling.
When she foals, notice if she cleans
properly. The udder of mare should.
be washed clean before the colt is al-
lowed to suck this will often prevent
the young colt from becoming infect-
ed. The navel of colt should be
washer with one part bichloride of
mercury and 1000 parts water; or one
part coal tar disinfectant andtwenty
parts water, then the cord immediate-
ly painted with one part tincture
iodine and two or three parts of gly-
cerine or olive oil two or three times
a day until it>shrivels completely. It
is not, necessary, and sometimes a
great mistake to tie the cord. If
there is much hemorrhage, it some-
times has to be done to stop the bleed-
ing, but the string should not be left
on more'than twelve or twenty-four
hours. The bowels of the new born
colt are usually costive, but if it is al-
lowed to suck the first milk from
mother, it will usually loosen its bow-
elsj but if not, inject . two or three
ounces of olive oil cautiously into
rectum occasionally until, bowels move
fairly free, Both the mare and colt
should be kept in a warm, dry, clean
portion of stable until the colt is two
or three days old; then you need to
pay little attention, more than to feed
the :mare. During " warm: pleasant
weather the brood mare that is run-
ning on pasture seldom retlu'lres much
watching or special are,
Apples cored and baked with resins
in the cores` are delicious.
CUT Q'JT AND P'QLD ON PO"e Tt:Ci .UNe*
Willie's always up to tricks,
Hope the teacher doesn't look;
Till we fold him up and fix
His attention on his book..
A Home -Made Stone Boat.
A very convenient stone boat for
hauling big rocks can be made 'easi-
ly. The simplicity ofthis device
leaves little to explain. It consists
of two two-inch planks about eight
feet long, with •a crosspiece two inches'
by six inches, having two three -quar-
ter -inch holes, 20 inches from centre
to centre. This piece is bolted loose-
ly to the plailles at one end with five -
eighth -inch bolts, the heads of which
are counter -sunk in the undersides
of the planks.
At the other ends of the planks,
about six inches from the ends, two-
inch holes are boxed. A piece of
chain with a toggle on one end is
slipped through these holes. The
planks are drawn•up to straddle the
boulder. The chain being held in one
plank with the toggle, is drawn tight
through the hole in the other plank,^
bringing the planks as close up un-
der the boulder as possible_ A hook,
spike or an old bolt may be used to
hold the chain in the other plank
after it is drawn tight:
The team is then hitched to the
chain between the planks; The first
pull draws the planks together un-
der the boulder which will • ride per-
fectly as if on a rigid sled.
To unload the boulder, a stone or
a chunk can be placed where one
of the planks may be drawn over it.
The boat will tilt, rolling off the stone.
Riced Potatoes Help Out Flour.
Freshly cooked potatoes,' put
through a ricer, or forced through a
fine strainer, can be used in place sof
part of the flour in batters or loughs,.
Cold, left -over' potatoes may be used,
but are not so easily blended as the
fresh hot potatoes, ner is the flavor
quite as good.
Beef can be made more tender by
soaking in vinegar and water.
GOOD HEALTH QUESTION BOX
By Andrew F. ('orrier, M.D.
Dr. Currier will answer all signed
question is of general interest it will
if not, it will bo answered personally
closed. Dr. Currier will not prescribe
Address Dr. Andrew F. Currier, care
St. West, Toronto.
t7lcers;
X.—Please say a word about ul',
vers, their cause and. effects, and the
proper' treatment ---if they are re-
sponsive to treatment. I have heard
a strict diet is beneficial in ulcer of
the stomach. What are some of the
symptoms?
Answer—An ulcer is simply a sore
upon the skin or mucous membrane,
in other words, a breaking down of
the cells, frequently with only. slight
tendency to get well.
In the latter respect ulcers differ
fioni healthy wounds which begin to
get well almost as soon as they are
formed or made.
Ulcers niay be caused by injury,' by I
burns, and by poor nutrition of the
tissues where they occur.
They may be accompanied with
sloughing or destruction of the tissue,
andperhaps by reabsorption of dead
and poisonous material.
They are often attended: with
haemorrhage and with great weak-
ness in consequence of the prolonged
discharge which comes from, them
and which means waste of tissue "With-
out proper strength for repair.
This is particularly the case with
ulcers which' attend such diseases as
syphilis and tuberculosis.
Ulcers, which accompany -. P y these dis
eases are often incurable unless
means are found to cure the diseases
which caused them: The treatment.
of ulcers should be constitutional and
consist m building up the general con-
dition; and also local, which is direct-
ed to the sore itself. •
The first will include all necessary
hygienic: measures, comfortable and
well ventilated ` housing, sleep, exer-
cise in the open air, good food, in-
cluding an abundance of , Milk, and
perhaps such 'tonics as cod-liver oil,
quinine, strychnine and iron.
Local treatment includes cleanli-
ness and frequent* dressing of the
letters pertaining to Health. If your
be answered through these columna;
If stamped, addressed envelope is en
for individual cases or make diagnose,
of Wilson Publishing Co.. 73 Adelaide
ulcer, and the application of astrin-
gent and stimulating substances, es-
pecially such minerals as lead, cop-
per, zinc, mercury and silver.
In ulcer of the stomach a
strict diet is almost impera
tive=that is, the stomach must be
given just as little work as possible.
Same of the symptoms of ulcem•.'of
the stomach are sharp pain, indiges-
tion, loss of appetite and haemorrh-
age.
If the ulcer perforates the peri-
toneal
eritoneal coat of the stomach, there
may serious haemorrhage and even
fatal peritonitis.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
J. H. T1. For two years I have suf-
' fered with dull pain on the back of
both legs, from knees to toes, and I
have thus far been able to get very
little relief. FIs there any cure for
this trouble ?'
Answer—I should imagine, 'from
what you say, that you are suffering
from 'sciatica. There are many things
for the treatment of this trouble—in-
cluding blistering, sheat, baths,' mas-
sage and electricity—and sometimes
it is necessary to make a trial of all
of them before finding the proper
means of relief.
A young, Mother—My- baby, seven
months old, is healthy and strong, but
cross and fretful and has no teeth,
She nurses my breast. Shall -I begin
to feed her with any other nourish -
men .
ourishmenu?
Answer—Do not worry because of
the non-appearance of teeth. If they
are delayed for a few months, it usu-
ally does no harm.. If you have suf•
ficient nourishment in your breast,
there is nothing better for the child;
and if your supply continues, I would
"advise you to nurse the baby through
the summer—perhaps supplementing
the breast with milk by the bottle!
the breast supply should fait
Do not neglect to plant gladioli
every ten days from, say, May 5 to
July, for a succession of flowers lett
into the autumn.
11111i11111111191111191111119111111991991191911119111911I699991111111191911111111i1119119911911191i11111111111119911111i11111999119➢1699!11111111111111191111111191991111111911111111111911111111111 11.4.4
Mega
IMOM
lemma
MMiarait
aMeee
Soma
mica
Nevem
Menem
Iseme
ammo
Immel
Mame
melee
MOM
IMMO
D elmer
maw
mama
mama
mama
mamma
mamma
mmea
mama
emmm
OrAILMI
i
mese
raVILI
110▪ 1101.
neletel
ANA DIANS have good reason to'lbe.. proud of the' ppsition Canada
•
holds in the world today. This pride is justified by the activities of
her people, by her unlimited natural resources, by her splendid institu
tions, and particularly by her Industries.
Facts about the immensity of .
some Canadian industries would
astonish most =people.
These industries, when viewed
in the light of comparison with
other countries, are simplyatre
mendous.
The growth of any industry is;
limited to the number of people'
it canserve, and that is a fact not
often properly appreciated when
Canadian industries are compared.
to similar enterprises in, say, the
United States.
For example:, tke population
of the United States exceeds
l 00,000,000. Opportunity for in-
dustries there is almost unlimited.
In comparison, Canada with its
seven million population is a;small
country-yet.in spite of this com-
'partitively small population,'
Can-'
ada 'possesses several industries;
,which in actual size rank .among
;the biggest in the world.
In shoemaking, one Canadian
'concern has developed a volume
(of business and a service to the`
Canadian people which is not,
equalled .by another shoe mane=
facturer anywhere in the world,
This concern, if located in the
United States, would rank as one.
of the twelve largest out of some:
two thousand shoe manufacturers'
there..
While the sales of the largest•,
shoe manufacturer in the United.
States—selling to the ' American'.
people—do.not exceed twenty-five,
cents percapita peryear, the sales
of Ames Holden McCready to the
Canadian people last year were
approximately 'eighty cents per
capita.
In a comparative sense, there -
lore, this Canadian concern is
greater than the foremost Ameri-
can shoe manufacturer in, the
United States.
Thus Ames Holden McCready
truly merit the distinction of their,
title `Shoemakers to the: Canadian
;Nation."
Just imagine for a moment the,
,enormous, work of supplying a large
'portion of Canada's 7,000,000 peo-
ple with its boots and shoes:
it requires—huge up-to-date fac='
tortes ' equipped _ with the most
modern machinery able to turn
out 8,000 pairs of shoes a day.
--it requires -a variety of 'nearly;
800 different styles to meet the'
'requirements of all classes of peo-
ple, for different grades, shapes and.
kinds of shoes.
—it requires—the maintenance o£
six Iarge distributing branches
principal cities from coast to coast,.
and in. these are carried over a
million dollars worth of stock;
ready for quick 'delivery to re
tailers.
---it requires—sixty travelling sales
mere to call on the retail trade,
because out of approximately
10,000 retail dealers who sell shoes'
in Canada, more than 5,000 handle
A.H.M. Shoes.
it requires—many other detail's
of organization arid equipment,:
but this brief outline will give you;
some slight idea of the part that
this great shoe concern is playing in
`the business of supplying footwear,
to the Canadian people.,
You will be interested in these facts; because the next time you buy footwear)`
bearing the A.H.M. Brand, you will know that they are the product of a large and
efficient organization making .shoes wliacf Twill ln, every cane give•you the greatest
value for your money.,
.. HOLDEN IVICREA1DY
LIMITED
"Shoemakers to tke Nation"
ST. JO ' MONTRSAI;
TORONTO WINNIPEG
'When you buy
Shoes' look for..
EDMONTON' VANCOUVER
--this Trade -mark
on every sole.
tea
41A la, l '
IY yt fin i i .' { Ai) "�
1"cE2i'd�a�r•it�l'rl 1 a1 C t, Y, �•' i rr ti'''
it�lillll�'l �`�I�l
.1k.1G�Ii tt� J vtl
rg {.iQi lil, . (. �?l
. ! l{;li
.li
... :�1�)lii�linliliillll'^ ;. i} ,�i�
11611911911911111611111116161619191199111911lI?999196991111191119ii�999919116991911�1119911111111111111111111i111191611911119111
-..... _._ -... 1111119991111191111999191111 111111
.... , ....... r-. 1 ,.• 0911i10111099111119111111q
10.441,
11 A
Mame
IMMIX
am▪ mo
IMAM
COMM
Mama
Meier
Mewl
acme
IsMele
moms
MOM
mama
Mama
naMall
Mime
mem
Mamie
emeol
Mauna
Mean
Mom
loose
ee▪ Me
mo- n
W orm
.6-721
mme
mme
IMera
e pe
Mane