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The Exeter Advocate, 1918-4-4, Page 7By Agronomist. • Tilts Department is for the use of our farrn readers who want the'advIce ran expert on anyequestion regarding Soil, Seed,. crops, etc. If your questlora of sufficient gefieral Interest, it will be answered through this column. 11 stamped and addressed envelope le enclosed with your letter, a complete flswei- will he mailed to you. Address Agronomist, care of Wilson Publishing, •uo., Ltd., 73 Adelaide St. W., Toronto. ' had a field of beans last year, would it be all right to put n beans this year again? Is fertiliz- er any good for growing beans? 2. What percentage .shotild fertilizer have for growing tobaceo? 3. is there any way of finding out if the winter wheat has been killed before spring conies? Would( it be advis- able to sow spring wheat? • Answer: -1. The, largest bean growers of the East, are large, users of -fertilizers. The bean crop is a rapid growing crop and thrives where there is •a• ready supply of available plantfood. Investigation, of their methods show that mansuceeesful bean growers use from 200 to 600 pounds of fertilizer\ per acre, carry- ing 1 to 2 per cent. ammonia, 8 to 12 per cent, available phosphoric acid and 2 per cent. or over potash. In applying this fertilizer, 'on account of the tenderness of -the crop, do not ap- ply the fertilizer too near to the row. I Many •successful growers apply the fertilizer through the fertilizer At- tachment 'of the grain drill 7 to 14 days befort-' planting the beans, and never at planting time. If you do not have a drill, any broad- cast distributor may be used, pro- vided that you thoroughly harrow and disk the land after the fertilizer is spread. When the fertilizer is ap- plied with the grain drill at planting time, it should be allowed to run in the hoe on either side of the one drop- ping beans, and not in the hos, drop- ping the seed 2. A good tobacco fertilizer for medium loam soil, car- ries 3 to 4 per cent. ammonia, 4 to .8 per cent. available phosphoric acid and 3 peincent. or more potash. 3. 'There iseno way of finding out wheth- er wheat has been killed or not, until -there has been sufficient growing weather to allow for the germination of the crop. Do not be in too great a hurry to plow up your winter wheat field. In view of the shortage of food cereals, it is my opinion that Ontario farmers would do well to put in a conservative acreage of spring wheat. F. C.:—I have 8 acres Of wheat that was sown in good time but didn't get a very big top. Would it be advis- able to top -dress with manure on -the snow? Now, I am going to seed.tlds field in the spring, and I thought of • getting some kind of fertilizer, then seed with the ellsk drill, running the disks light, and sowing the fertilizer at the seine, time. If you think this would be all right, wouldyou, advise sowing the same way this wheat is sowed or go crossways? Answer:—I believe Yen would do well to top -dress your spring wheat with manure or fertilizer. Indications from experimental tests are that you will get biggest return by applying the, manure at the rate of about 5 tons to the acre. If you have a ma- nure spreader, you will be able to dis- tribute •the manure "evenly 'over the wheat. In view of the fact that you are going to seed this field to grass and clover, I would advise you to top - dress it with a fertilizer carrying 3 to 4 per cent, ammonia and 8 to 10 per cent. available phosphoric acid. The method you have in mind of applying the fertilizer is all right. I would by all means advise sowing • the same way that the wheat was drilled. C. F. H.:—Please advise me if the culture for inoculating alfalfa sold in bottles is a success? What kind of alfalfa seed should I sow, Grimm or common alfalfa? I have a fairly good ground, sandy in character. Is it all right to sow with oats in the spring? Answer:— Well prepared inoculat- ed cultures for alfalfa, sold in bottles, have •proven very successful. I be- lieve the Bacteriological Department of Ontario Agricultural College is patting out such cultures. Best re- sults are obtained by sowing Grimm seed. Common alfalfa seed does not tend to be as .strong in germinating quality-. The oat crop, I am afraid, will provide a little too much shade for a good catch of alfalfa. I would rather recommend about a bd:Shel and a peck of barley seed per acre instead of oats. I know a successful alfalfa grower in Wisconsin who never at- tempts to get a good catch of alfalfa without applying 250 pounds of ferti- lizer per acre. This available plant - food gives the young crop a strong, vigorous start. The fertilizer for this purpose should analyze` 2 to per cent. ammonia, 8 to 10 per cemb available phosphoric acid, and pos- sibly 1 per cent. potash. It can be applied with the fertilizer dropper of the grain drill•at the time the alfalfa is sown, or broadcasted like lime and then harrowed into the soil -just be- fore the seed is sown. 1 n 1918 if you cannot inoregise Ihe area of your fields in crop you ean increase the yields by MORN; Of proper fertilization, An reasof 8 bueohole acre In wheat yields In Ontario 19,44 this spring would mean 64 rn illone of bushels more food grain. 'Phis Increase ewes reported In 1917 by th.e Ontario Agricultural College de a reedit/of top dressing wheat in the smrtng with suit- able fertiliser, The Canadian Fertilizer Astaselatiosta announces the establisb. merit of its Soll and Crop Improvement Bureau, under the direction of Henry G. Bea, (a native of Ontario, and graduate of Ontario Agricultural College), formerly Profeesor of Agronomy at the Dal- versity of Maine.• • . The purpose of the Bureau is to oolleot and disseminate prac- tical inlormatiou regarding soil, tillage, fertility management. and crop producti o a. 'rhe,,Bureau oo-operates with all organizatione working for the betterment of Canadian Fanning. Write for bulletin, "How to • Increase Ontario Crop Yields." G 11 and Crop improweraent Btfeall OF THE CanSdian Fertilizer Association 1111. Temple Building - Toronto INTERNATIONAL APRIL 7 LESSON Lesson 1.—Jesus Sets Men Free— Mark 7. 1-37. Golden ' • Text, John 8. 36. • Versa! 24. The borders of Tyre and Sidon—Jesus' purpose in going so far; and into Gentile territory, sees to have been for retirement, we may infer from the statement "He would have no man know it." The hostility of the Jewish leader's was growing in Galilee, and the multitude was increasing in enthusiasm, sofor atime he would get away. These two Phoenician cities figure prominently inbiblical history. They were great Centres of commerce and culture, but Iat the time of Christ had lostmuch of their ancient importance. He could not be hid -.—The report of his great I works had penetrated even to these I remote parts,. 1 25: Straightway a woman ---At once, 'when it became known that he was in ' the neighborhood, the seclusion which he sought was broken in upon by 4 suppliant. . . . 1 26. A Greek, a Syrophoenician— Matthew describes* • her as ass Canaa • . SI belonged t the .. . Phoenicians of the Roman province of Syria. Though a: Phoenician, she spoke Greek. Besought him—Matthew tells us that, she adjured himbyethe title "Son of David" to have mercy -- I orf.her. Through. the Jews in the vicinity she had doubtless become ac- quainted with their Messianic ex- pectations and with the name "Son of • Davie," "Her use of this titledveuld not necessarily mean that she had ac- cepted the Jewish Messianic hope, or that she had a religious faith in Jesus as the Messiah; but thalashe adopted the title bestowed upon him by his ecountrymen as a way of approach to li'm in her need." 27. Let thechildren first be filled, — his is the p maple n winch his mission was to proceed. The Jew had i the first claim, but his was not the I only claim, . The Greek also was in- cluded. - In. Canker is hest treated by the train- , ed and experienced veterinarian, but there, is no specific remedy., Before succeeding with a bad case it usually Dry Stables, Sound Feet. is necessary to alternate remedies and try a great number. The first step Every practical horseman knows in all cases should be to cut down the sprouting growth level' with the walls of the foot; then it is usual to canter"- ize the sole with a red hot iron or with some. strong caustic.. We usual- ly employ terchloride of antimony, or full strength formaldehyde to start with, and if. that does not suffice change to di -sonde acid, or strong nitric acid. After applying the caustic, oakum saturated with tinc- ture of iron, or a solution of two ounces of sulphate,. of copper, (blue - stone) to the pint of hot water, is bound upon the sble in such a way as to eau -se firm pressure, for pressure is absolutely' necessary. The dress- ing is changed or renewed every twenty-four hours. Dry dressing powders also are useful, such as a mixture of equal quantities of calomel, 1.11snitrate ofbismuth and tannic acid or burnt aluin, or a cheaper mixture of slaked lime, alum, sulphur and charcoal. •Naphthalin sometimes. is edded. that the disease known 'as thrush is caused, by allowing, the horse to stand with his feetconstantly in wet and filtha but few, comparatively, under- stand that canker of the frog and sole is caused in the ,fame way, says a veterinary surgeon. Thrush is characterized by inflam- mation of the fine skin between the toes in cattle; pus—arms and tends to underrun the horny wall- of the foot. In horses the frog is the part affected, and its cleft, normally shal- low, becoines deep and exudes a thin, foul-smelling liquid. Gradually the frog becomes rotten and loose and the disease may spread to the surround- ing parts; lameness is rare. Canker of the frog, and sole, differs froin thrush in that the horn of the 'sole becomes soft or spongy and readily bleeds When,. cut. In canker, • the sensitive tissue (pododerm) of the sole, which ordinarily is covered with • solid horny tissue, seems to have tak- en ,the place of the solid material. The sole is made up of sprouting fungous tissue and is extremely sensi- tive and vascular, If it he cut away it may grow again in a single night and the entire affected Dart is covered with a stinking fluid. , Prevention is all important in these diseases. Stable management should be such that no horse is allowed to stand for any length of time in wet and filth:, In horse stables where the 'manure is removed "now and • then, the"now" sand the "thens" • sometimes coining months apart, so that the horse has to jump into bed overs a highbarrier of manure, it is little wonder that the animal con- tracts thrush Ier canker. Treatment of thrush consists in re- moving the cause, cleansing the affect- • ed foot thoroughly, then cutting away all loose, rotten and tinderhun horn of the frog and on each side of it, and packing the -cleft of the frog full of calomel, or a mixture of calomel, powdered 'wood chatcoal, Subnitrate of bismuth and slaked lime. Tide is to be covered with oakum, upon which pine tar has been spread, and the dressing is to be renewed at intervals of three or four daye. The tall floor should, be kept clean, sprinkled with slaked lime or gypsum (landsplastet) and bedded with saw- dust or planing -mill shavings. am. is • tions the greatness of her faith as the reason that Jesus granted her re- quest. He shows how Jesus met her first by silence, then by refusal, and by seeming reproach' (Matt. 15). Over this apparent rebuff her faith triumphed. She was willing ,to take the humblest position and take the slightest favor, anything? so that her little daughter. might, be cured. 30. Found the child laid upon the bed, and the demon gone out—Her faith had its reward. The demon was gone, though the child was not yet recovered from the exhaustion of the possession. It will be noted that it was not the faith of the sufferer but the faith of -the mother which here was honored. This is one of three instances of healing at a distance. The nobleman's son (John 4. 46-54) and the centurion's servant (Luke 7. 1-10) are the two others. 21, He went out from. the borders of Tyre—"Having come out of Galilee • 28. The dogs tinder the table— Dege are 'Seldom mentioned in Scrip- ture .exchp-13 inteinsS of 'Cohtenift but it is usually the street* dog; the mit- cast • animal.which infests Oriental cities as scavengers. The Jews ablud- ed to the Gentiles as dogs. The dog The Centre of Hospitality. The centre of hospitality in the home is that point about- which *the family itself gathers most often. This GUT OUT AND FOLD ON DOTTED A.INES point is in most homes the fire -place. Hence its Iodation and construction are of vast importance in building a home. - The fireplace, if there is only one, should be in the living -room, for there the family and friends can enjoy it most. It should be located in athe centre of a wall space, either*on one side or at one end of the room. Select the space which will permit the great- est number o,E people to sit around it. • In the construction of the fireplace you must not forget that its chief push pose is for a fire. The more simple the lines' ali construction, the better taste is displayed, and the more room the open fire receives. There is a great 'variety of mater- ials suitable for a fireplace, and' your individuality and taste can be well ex- pressed in this important factor of the home. Brick, .tile, wood, and many tile substitutes may be used, These offer great possibilities both for good color and design, and lend themselves to any Style of arehitecture, o'II Sewing Hint. When apVIng on hooks and eyes, pin a tape measure where the hooks are to go and sew on hooks an inch apagt, then pin the tape measure: im opposite side e and sew on the eyes. This 1.0 much simpler thandineaearing for °ads ono goperntely, here alluded to is the little house dog,' likely to be under ,the table 'St, the family meal. - Yea, •Lord: even the dogs tinder the table eat of the children's crumbs.—"It is as *if she said --JI grant, Lerd, that the Meal: is for the family, and that the children must be fed... "'But are not the dogs, also of thehoesee and is there not also something for them -in their turn?' She does not think of contradicting Jesus, but accepts what he says as true, and turns it into an argument in favor of her appeal.".. 29. For this saying—Matthew men-, forretirement,, the performance of this miracle with the inevitable gath- ering of the populace around him determined. Jesus to leave the neigh- borhood of Tyre for other regions further removed from the border and therefore more likely give him the set- tled retirement lie needed.' Through Sidon unto the Sea of Galilee—This would lead' him noethward along the coast through the city of Sidon, then southeastward over spurs of the Lebanon mountains—a difficult jour- ney of several days. We have no- thing of the details of this journey - There must hape been some reason for • of ani ncid ent the s on way. frequently. ing an X-ray examination. GOOD HEALTH QUESTION BOX Andrew F. Ciurrler, I/r. Currier will ans-wer all signed letterS pei-taiertag to.1-lealth. It your •srpestion is of general interest it will be answered through these collie:ins; if not, it will be answered personally if ataroped, addressed envelope is en- closed. Dr. Currier will not prescribe for indiviclua.1 cases or make diagnoets, Address Dr, Andrew F, Currier, care of Wilson Publishing Co,, 73; Adelaide St. West, Toronto, Rielsets. X, Y. Z,—Please write an article on Rickets, My baby eleven months old cannot sit up, and seerns to have no power in her back. What kind of food is suitable and bow long does the disease last?Perhaps your child is not affected with rickets, but with some other dis- ease. Rickets, or rhachitis, is the result of bad nutrition, affects all the tissues of the body, and chiefly leaves its mark on the bones—which it softens and then deforms. It usually occurs before the third year, but the bone deformities appear later. It is caused by food which is not assimilated, but also by neglect of the skin, bad air, insufficient sleep, etc. The child of the Poor have it, but so do those of the rich. In the great European cities one sees it everywhere. The urine of rhachitic children contains phosphates in abundance and the bones, being de- ficient in lime, bend and break easily. Rhachitic_ children have soft spots in the bones of the skull; and the membranous portions of the skulll where you notice throbbing and pul- sation in an infant, and which ought to harden during the first few months of life, remain soft.. All the bones of the skull, instead of being firmly united, are loose and eas- ily Moved. The face of a rhachitic balsy is small, and the head seems dispropor- tionately large. ss The liver, spleen and lymphatic glands are enlarged, the muscles soft, and the ligaments weak. The child's appetite may be good, he may even seem voraciously hungry, but his food doesn't appear to -nourish him, he becomes fretful, gets diarrhoea and this alternates with constipation. He is sensitive, cries when touched, his diarrhoea is offensive, the appear- ance of his teeth is delayed, and when they break out, they are irregular and of poor quality. When he begins to walk, the weak- ness of the bones of the legs becomes apparent and they bend or break eas- ily; the joints are weak and he falls When he tries to Move himself with his arms, the arm hones bend or break arid there may be an outward hump on the spine. On the ends of the ribs there are knobs or bead-like • structures, the breast bone projects and the child be comes pigeon breasted. The pelvis may become deformed and, in females, this has a very ime portant bearing upon lbhe successful dsheoliuvledryeveor,if0oeffetelprr.ing, if impregnation Rhachitie children are frequently bow-legged, knock-kneed or flat-foot- ed; they are also sensitive to bronchitis and. croup, :medic from these disease e more frequently than children whoshave better physical de- velopment, -. If they reach maturity, they are short and poorly formed and their dliinsiebasseof.ten reveal the marlss of early Rhachitic children. should be taken to the mountains or sea -shore, if pos- eible, and ehould have abundance of good plain food which they can as- similate --which will be indicated by the change in their stools and in their general nutrition. Fats in the form of cod-liver oil, or olive oil, should be given them; also as much of eggs, milk, and cereals as they can dispose a. Treatment with niechaneial apparatus is important to prevent deformities, and they should have all possible benefit from public parks, sea -baths, sleep, fresh air, and life in the country when this can be provided. QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS. X. 1—Can water on the brain be cured? -The patient in question is a child two years and nine months. 2—Do you advise an X-ray exam- ination? Answer—It -is sometimes possible to tap the -skull and draw off some fluid in this condition—which is known as "Hydrocephalus." -But un- less skilfully done, this is likely to do harm—and even when skilfully done, it is by no means 'alwaya successful. The condition is usually a hopeless one. 2—There would be no harm in hay - such a detour, which ended not as we wonlcl suppose, at his favorite lake home, Capernaum, but which led , , ence had been earnestly and repeated- . ' n around to the other side of dthe lake *1YI laid upon, them. 'Itheir excite - i merit they disregarded: it, and the through the borders of Decapolis. I More the charge was urged the more 32. One that was deaf, and had an did it/stimulate their zeal to proclaim impediment in his speech—This re-: the work." They filled the neighbor- gion was the one from which he had hood with the good news. • beenpractically expelled some time i . 37. Beyond measure.—"A very before, but now he is received quite: strong word of which this is the one differently, and exercises his healing occurrence I in the New ' Testement power upon the deaf mute. They The impression produced in all eases beseech him—This is one of the cases by our Lord's mighty works was in where the sufferer is brought by his this case, and among these half -pagan friends to Christ. They had be- people, ar greater than ever." He sought Jesus to leave their region, hath. done all things well -L -He has now they seek his gracious help. everywhere distributed his works of 33. Took him aside—Usually his mercy and has been successful in cures were performed before the peo- everything. ple. In tad case, for reasons not This cure stands out for the corn - stated,' a less public treatment was parative privacy in which it was per - necessary. Instead of the cure be- formed and for the manifestation of ing immediate he now uses means— intense feeling on thePart of Jesus. the, thrusting of his fingers in the --e. . ears, the spittle, and touching his faith. ' , tongue. These were no doubt sim- ply -visible signs to help the inan's 34 I oohing up --As when he brake s the bread in the feeding of the multi- tude. Sighed—Or groaned:- The only time when this word is used in the Gospels. An expression of 'Jesus' deep, eympathyg Ephphatha—Like talitha eumi, this is an original Aramaieravord, treasured as having been used by Jesus. 35. Spalse plein—No stammming or stuttering now. Wilialo indicatad that he could sneak articulately and at orit.e. The cure was corapieto. 36, -The mem; he charged therm so much the more a great deals- they published it.—"The command to sil- r201.1,01•ZerstaCertarra* MON V P0LADAPPZ" 7'4 a rotia yea.* , escr. Fosewsso • On the hoses Willie's fine, Capteln of the sixth grads nine; ,And ho needs this skin to Whs. See if Yen eau hell) hi* ills a Our meat supply is short and more poultry will help solve the problem. More poultry means more eggs and more eggs and poultry meat means a greater food supply. Poultry can be raised at lower cost and brought to maturity quicker than any other kind of live stock. Never allow the mother hen to range with the young chicks %midi they -are at least two weeks old. Enormous numbers of young chicks are lost each year by allowing them I to run in the wet grass during their early life. Eliminate the male bird at end of hatching season. Many million dol- lars are lost each year by allowing the rooster.to run'svith the liens during the slimmer months. Produce the infertile egg. Dispose of the male bird not later than June I. Market a better 'quality of eggs. Green feed is excellent for poultry and can be substituted for a consid- erable amount of. the grain ration. Grow oats, vetch, and rape for sum- mer use; cabbage and mangel beets for winter. Store cabbage and beets in a dry room or bury in a pit and cov- er with straw and earth. Save eggs during April and May for winter use by preserving in water - glass. Iltix nine quarts of water, boiled and cooled, with one quart of vsaterglass. Will rroeerve fifteen dozen egge. Place the solution in a five gallon jar. Store in cool place fOr, winter USe. Poultry meat Can be raised quicker than any other kind of meat and could be made a most important solirce of supply for the nation. ,If breeding is started in March the surplus root- ers may be dressed for meat in July at -fancy prices and egg laying will be- gin in September. • Lloyd George recently declared that the British have 2,000,000 horses en- gaged in this war. 11 le estimated that on the whole 'Western front the number of horses and naales in service is close upon 5,000,000, 1 Raising Lambs by Hand. When raising lambs by hand the only caution is: Do not feed too much. A baby lamb should receive only a few spoonfuls of fresh cow's • milk, When a couple of days old give one-fourth pint, which shonld gradually increase to one-half pint when the lambs commence to eat grass. When two months old they may have a pint of milk. So mubh for quantity; now for feed- ing times. The first three weeks, feed regularly every three hours during the day; after this feed every four hours. When- they begin to eat grass, feed morning, noon and night, and finally drop the noon feeding,. I always use bottle and nipple to feed with until the lambs learn to drink. Where one has a large num- oer, feeding from a pan is more tecli- , oils, as each lamb must have a sepa- rate pan, and milk must be measured, for some drink faster than dthers. Feeding too much will produce scoiars. Lessen the quantity of milk and give a dose of castor-oil (one teaspoonful) followed by ten drops of g'inger extract, In severe cases increase the dose and give browned flour gruel. To liven weak, chilled lambs give a little milk, and keep them in a warm room. IS lambs look droopy and walk Stiffly. give „castor-oil. I have had lanibs brought me which were wait and chilled, and appeared dead. I pour a spoonful of milk down their throats and lay them on the furnace regieter. In a few hours they get up and walk. I feed the lambs for about three months; skim -mills the last two months. Try, Try Again! Young writers will do well to re- member that Lord Bacon rewrote one of his works twelve times; and Pascal his letters several times, and one of them thirteen times; while Edmund Burke had his works printed two or three times on a private press before offering them to a publisher. Mussed pieces of tissue paper ar'e excellent to clean mirrors. First rub the mirror with a damp cloth, then r polish with the paper. In Canadian cities 28 per centof, the buildings in business districts are of frame or brick aaeneer, -whilst in residential districts the peoportion is, 69 per a:ea. "The world is always romantic if you have the three gifts needful to make it so ----faith and sense of beaoty and the sennas of lintrior,"--Ifetivar Harland. FERTILIZER PAYS Better than ever., WHte for Bolletin ONTARIO FERTILIZERS, LIMITED WEST TORONTO CANADA • e ; • 3 •aa,,W4Ak.J.