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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Exeter Advocate, 1917-8-30, Page 2Cenrileartreed/ee- M4 •,iteCen, Law,. Mothers and daughters of all egos are cordially invited to write to title department initials anly will bo published with each question and answer as a means of Identification, but fun name and address must he ®seen In each letter, write on one side of paper only, Answers will be smiled direct If stamped and addressed envelope Is eneloeed. Address all correspondence for this department to Mrs. Helen Law, 204 Woodbine Ave„ Toronto. Mrs. J.L.T. -1. The cause of your five -months -old baby crying eo much at nights may be: -1. He is not awak- ened every three hours for food throughout the day, 2. The room is too warns. 3. Heistoo warmly clad, or the clothesmay be wrinkled. 4. He. sleeps in a lighted room, 5. He has been accustomed to being picked up every time he cries, 6. He maybe con- stipated, 7. His ear may ache or his throat may be sore. 8. He inay have had too much excitementjust before going to bed. 2. It is never safe to use old rubbers saved from the year before on a new lot of preserves. To, test rubbers for preserve jars, pull then out to see whether they are of sufficient elasticity to return to shape and not break. All parts should be subjected to the strain, Expense should not be spared in buying rub- bers 3. To cure a child of sucking his thumb, swab the tip end of the thumb with tincture of aloes or with a saturated solution of quinine. 4. Lemon is a splendid thing to keep on your sink to rub on your hands after you are through with the dishes. It takes away the stains, freshens your hands and makes them sweet and dean. 5. Hemstitching can be very neatly done on the sewing machine in this way: Draw the number of threads desired and baste the edge of the hem in the center of the drawn threads. Lengthen the stitch on the machine and stitch on the very edge of the hem. Pull the bastings out and pull the edge of the hem to the bot- tom of the drawn threads. Hem- stitching done this way can scarcely be distinguished from that done by hand. 6. A. little baking soda sprin- kled over fruit when stewing will pre- vent the juice boiling over. It will also reduce the quantity of sugar re- quired. 7. Apply salts'iof lemon to the ink spots on the pinkcotton dress. 8. To get rid of beetles, sprinkle equal parts of red lead, sugar and flour, mixed, near the holes. Lulu: -1. To make a fountain that will delight the convalescent child you should get a small glass bottle and nearly fill it with water. Then bore a hole through the cork and place a straw through the hole. The straw should be long enough to reach al- moat to the bottom of the bottle, and if the straw does not at the cork tight- ly you should put sealing -wax round it to keep out all air. You should, now take a glass jam jar and heat it over a lamp or cendle. Stand the bottle a water on two or three sheets. of damp blotting paper laid on a plate or dish, place the jar over the bottle, and press hard to prevent air getting underneath. Now, as soon as the air in the jar begins to cool, the water in the bottle will rise through the straw and form a pretty little fountain. The great thing to remember is to press the jar down ever so tightly. If air can get away from under the jar you. will not have your fountain. 2. The. coats of tailored suits will probably. be longer during the corning winter than they have for, some time. 3:. Grass stains can ` be removed with ether. Most medicine stains can be dissolved by alcohol, 4. Keep only a tea or coffee service with. a pair of candlesticks on the sideboard. Lack- ing the service or a handsome tray, have a good-looking receptacle for fruit. Keep all small silver neces- sary to everyday use out of sight. The aim is to keep all dignified and free from a cluttered -up mixture. For the dining -room table use a runner or square of crash hem -stitched with a bit of cross stitch or a _round center- piece of oyster -white linen with a heavy filet insertion and edge. E.F.: A canning outfit may be made in five minutes. All you need: A wash boiler, a false bottom for it, made of laths or sticks, or of corrugat- ed tin with holes .punched in it; a square of cheesecloth to hold fruits or vegetables when dipping into hot wa=- ter; a kettle. Principles of home canning fruits and vegetables: Wash and cleanse the food; blanch by plac- ing it in boiling water; plunge ins- mediately and momentarily into cold. water; pack food in hot jars, add .boil- ing syrup or boiling water;; place rubbers and tops in position half air- tight; submerge jars in boiling water Lin the wash boiler and cook; tighten the tops. . The Fairy of the Fountain. The Fairy: of the Fountain and the Little Boy, of the Fountain are not the same, The Little Boy of the Foun- tain is a small image who sits by the waters, day in and day out, with up lifted finger, beckoning the birds to drink or bathe in the, basm that he holds in his lap. And how many, many birds' come at his mute call! Freda could tell you, for she is always watching for such things. But how the fairy got there, or where she really carne from, Freda never knew. According to the little girl herself, it all happened in this way: ` As she was sitting one morning by the foun- tain, feeding the goldfish, she fell to wondering what it was that made the water; bubble up in the basin in such a queer way. Of course grandmother could explain it all; but then that would stop the wondering, which in it- self was such fun! Suddenly a wild canary flew toward her, and perched on the finger of the Little Boy of the Fountain; but the strangest thing was that, instead of singing Freda a song, it began to speak to her! "Little girl," it said, "shut your eyes for just a moment." Freda did so, and when she opened. them' again, behold, standing right on the edge of the basin, was the tiniest and loveliest little figure that you can imagine! "I am the Fairy of the Fountain," the little creature said at once. "You were wondering what made the water bubble up in such a funny way. It is I who make it do that, with my Ijittle golden churn. If you don't believe me, just notice how still the water is now, while I am talking to' you! And sure enough, the rippling sound had quite ceased: At first Freda felt ;very shy in the presence of so strange a visitor; but at last, she found her voice and asked the -fairy a question. "Wall you let me play some day with INTERNATIONAL LESSON SEPTEMBER 2. Lesson X. The Shepherd of Captive Israel-Ezek. 34. Golden Text.-Psa. 23, 1. Verses 11-16. Jehovah himself will undertake the care of the neglected sheep. Search . deliver bring . feed -Successive. stages in Jehovah's work for his peo- ple: (1.) he will seek them out; not one will be overlooked (verse 11); (2) hav- ing found them, he will deliver them Erom the countries to which they were scattered (verse 12); (3) then he will bring them back to their old home (verse 13), where (4) he will .feed them with rich pasture (verses 14, 15). Lost -Jehovah, as the good shepherd, will give first care to the most needy. Each will receive what he needs most. Fat . destroy -The sheep who have ,,grown fat through taking advantage of their fellow sheep he will destroy. Justice -Better, judgment. Instead of feeding them on rich pas- ture, he will feed them on destructive judgments. 17-22. Jehovah will do even more: the strong sheep will no longer be permitted to injure the weak., 23, 24. Jehovah will appoint a vice- regent to administer the government p y. -your little golden churn?" ;`I wish I could," said the fairy good-naturedly, "but you would never be able to get down through such a tiny little hole. Still, you may try it if you wish." - But Freda could only succeed in get- ting the end of one finger down the water"'pipg "Can't you bring your churn up here?" she asked, as she shook the water from her finger. The fairy shook her head: "I should be afraid of losing it, and then in his name. One shepherd -The all my fun would be spoiled fax promise that Jehovah will set a shep- and ever and ever." herd over the flock does not contradict "r , the statement in verse 13 that Jehovah Isure that if you did'1os�" it my himself will shepherd.the 'sheep.' As grandmother would let me get you an - verse 24 indicates, Jehovah will con- other one," argued Freda.' tinue to be supreme; but he will gov- ern through a representative. The numeral "one" is used to suggest the reunion of north and south -under one ruler (compare 37. 24; Hos, 1. 11; etc.). Servant -Any individual, or group of individuals commissioned to carry out the divine purpose may be. ,called Jehovah's servant. In this sense the title is applied to the nation, to the prophets and, as here, to the ideal king of the future,. 25-27. There will be abundant peace and prosperity. Covenant' of peace. -A convenant that will guarantee permanent peace. Evil beasts -The last source of trouble will be removed. The evil shepherds are displaced, the sheep are restrained from hurting one an- other; when the beasts of prey are gone the sheep will be safe even in the jungle. Though the figure of the flocks is maintained, "beasts" is here used figuratively of foes of every, kind. In Hos. 2. 18 the thought is slightly different. While Ezekiel expects the destruction of the wild beasts Hosea looks for a convenant decreed by Jehovah that will prevent the beasts from troubling the people. Isa. 11. 6 holds that the same thing will be ac- complished through a transformation of the nature of the beasts. Make a blessing -That is, make altogether blessed, or, bless in abundance; in the manner suggested in the context especially, by giving abundant pros- erit From England, as wellas from this continent, corse repents of dairy herds being reduced. , When other men are going out' of a staple line is usually a good time fax wise men to stay in it. Insure fancy prices for butter by having a clean, attractive package of good quality. A neat wrapper more than pays for itself. Cutting dock, mullein, thistles and. poisonous weeds in the cattle pasture is a chore that fits in nicely after a ram, when the ground is wet: " The task may not seem necessary until a cow is lost throughpoisoning, when it will be too late for prevention.' Crossing a heavy milk producer of, aim breed and a high butterfat' pro- ducer of another in an attempt to. combine the two characters in the off- spring, is like trying to produce milk custard by grafting milkweed on egg- plant. The profitable gains on a bunch of feeders are those which increase the value of the animals peie pound. Such g "sin s are due more to intelligent buy- ing than to feeding and handling. Shavings are cheaper than straw for bedding, and just as convenient to use, This does not justify burning straw and buying shavings. A thermometer for the dairy is just as eeeential as a toothbrush for the toilet: Success in handling dairy products is due largely to maintaining definite temperatures, and such is not. possible by guess. Almost any pure-bred bull with good milking' ancestry will improve a herd of grade or scrub cows. That does not infer that the best • bull is not desirable. Value of Bees on Farms. To give an idea of the value of bees in agriculture, it is . stated by a Ger' man writer that an ordinary colony during Summer contains an average of 20,000 foragers. Of these 80 fly from the hive to the pasturage every minute therefore, taking the working hours as frtom 7 ,o'clock in the morn- ing to 5 in the afternoon, 48,000 flights would be made. During each flight every bee visits at least 50 blossoms. This amounts in round numbers to 2,- 000,000 'for the hive in ono day. It is reckoned that there are on an aver- age 100 fine` clays when bees are able to fly, consequently 200,000,000 bloc- corns may be fertilized by the bees of one colony. When only one-tenth of these blossoms „are properly fertilized by bees, it leaves the enormous num- ber of 20,000,000 'fertilizations to each colony. But the fairy remained firm. "There isn't another one like it to be found outside of fairyland," she said, "and they are scarce enough there." "How big is it?" asked Freda.,"And is it all bright and shining?" "It's bigger than a thimble," said the fairy, "and brighter than -any star." "Oh, how I wish I: could: see it!" ex- claimed Freda, clasping her hands: "Well," saidthe fairy, relenting, "I'll bring .it just fax a moment to the top of the basin if, as soon as you have seen it, you will shut your eyes again' while you count ten." Freda 'promised, and before she could have believed it possible,, the fairy drew to the top of the water pipe the most wonderful, little churn -just a little bigger than a thimble and brighter than' any star. "Now close your eyes," site said to Freda. Freda did as she had promised; and when she opened her eyes`once'rnore there was no fairy anywhere to be 11 is not best to treat grain with formaldehyde if it is to be fed, but irl case aced grain is left it may be fed with safety.a few days after treat- ment, as the formaldehyde evaporates clr.rickiy, seen --only a „wee yellow bird perched qn the finger of the Little Boy of the Fountain. The bird trilled forth a Sweet note'er two and then disappear- ed. And almost immediately the wa- ter began to ripple again in the basin where the goldfish were at play, So Freda will tell you that now she knows just how it happens that the water comes bubbling up: that it is a little fairy churning (away at a golden churn. if anyone` tells Freda that she must have been asleep and dream- ing, she answers that if she had been asleep she would surely have fallen into the fountain and got most dread- fully wet. Summer Cultivation' of Old' Meadows... Two years, on the average farm, is quite long enough to leave meadows down, for best results and greatest profits, They should then be broken up and cultivated for other' crops. Deep ploughing is not necessary nor need the furrows be set up with a narrow plough. Rapid work at this time of year is essential. A two -fur- row plough, with three horses,' will turn over a large piece of land in a day. At the close of each day the area ploughed that day should, be rolled. This breaks the lumps, presses down the furrows, re-establishes con- nection between the surface soil and the subsoil, bringing up the moisture from the latter to aid in rotting the sod. After rolling, discing and: harrowing should not be delayed. ` With such cultivation one retains a surface mulch,. opens, aerates and fines the soil and destroys many bad types of noxious weeds and with the co-opera- tion of the summer sun this work is nost''effective'. With the present scarcity of labor, this is the cheapest and most practicable method of weed destruction and soil preparation jor grain or even for hoed crops. After the sod is decayed, a rigid er spring -tooth cultivator with wide points should be kept goin,; at inter- vals until autumn( Then the land should be thoroughly ploughed, as deep as the humus or' plant food in the soil will allow. On the Dominion Illustration Stations, some results have been obtained in 'comparing the sum- mer 'cultivation of sod land with fall ploughing the same, which indicate veey'elearly the benefit derived' from summer . cultivation as outlined above. In addition to the greater yield ob- tained, it should be remembered that the land is thereby put into mu.h cleaner condition for subsequent crops. Two fields of 4 acres each were tak- en; the first field was/ploughed after harvest, was cultivated occasionally during the summer and autumn and ploughed in the autumn; the other field of .4 acres was left in sod and also ploughed in,, the autumn. The oats from the summer -cultivated field gave a ,yield of 15 bushels more per acre than the field ploughed in the autumn. This difference of 60 bushels on the four -acre field at 50 cents a bushel shows a total gain of 1$30.00. Counting the cost oft sum- mer cultivating at $4.00 per acre, a total cost of $16.00 for the 4 acres, art increase in net profit of $14.00 or $3.50 per acre was obtained: The soil on the cultivated field' being in a much finer condition and almost free from weeds, the difference in the pro- fits from the two fields, if worked alike, should be almost as great the following. season. Roots. -28 rows of sugar beets. grown on summer.= cultivated„land pro- duced 1036 tons, while 36 rows of the same length grown on land simply spring ploughed only produced 9 tons, a difference of 3,733 pounds. The price paid at the factory being $5.63 per ton, a gain of $16.03 per acre was shown in favor of the after-har- vest;;cizitivation.-Experimental Farms Note: Fruit juices- and stewed fruits are safest for small children. FACTORS IN SHEEP RAISING By I.;: J. Mathews: It has been quite a long time ;since major businesses of the farm, partic farmers have taken any great in- ular attention must be paid to the pas terest in sheep, and for this reason ture upon which they graze, since the oncoming generation knows very there seem to be a number of internal little about the particular points' of and external parasites that prey upon the woolly creatures. After sheep have pastured upon one piece of land two seasons it is high time that they were moved to the next pasture. Another point that often comes up regarding sheep is that of shelter dur- ing the winter. When it is taken into consideration that when winter draws on the sheep have all the w y from two to five inches of wool covering their backs and when we remember how warm' woolen clothing' is, we are in a position to know at once that the sheep do not require a ;Very warm shel- ter. The most successful sheep' men with whom. I have acquaintance do not give the sheep close shelter at any time of the year, except the ewes, for a few days just, at lambing time: The Dog Menace. Dogs, no doubt, contribute some- thing to the loss of sheep and wheth- er het-er or not there happens to be a law to that effect l should feel' perfectly free to shoot any dog that was nosing about the sheep yards. Until secure protection from dogs can be legislated through, sheep men should take pre- cautions by building high dog -proof fences about the place where the sheep. stay -nights. Under present conditions, however, there can be no doubt but that it will pay to take on -a few sheep, but as whir all other ventures, lee who makes the venture should know the limitations of his enterprise. care that are necessary to maker:the sheep business a paying one. Desirable as Scavengers..k As scavengers, sheep are certainly good and for this reason alone a dozen or fifteen head of sheep might well be carried on a farm' of ordinary size - say one that contains a hundred and twenty acres Cattle in the pasture refuse to eat the • weeds along the fences and here is a place where sheep come in handy, since they seem to'rel- ish the weeds almost as much as the grass'. Many farmers, have found to their` everlasting pleasure that a few sheep turned into a corn field that is weedy will soon rid the field of the weeds without doing any particular damage to the corn. Of course, if the corn is about ripe, after the sheep have eaten up the ragweeds and other; fax plants in the corn field, they may tackle some of the ears of coral, but they will not do this until after they have exhausted the supply of weeds. In cleaning' up old brush rows or pastures that are intended for beeak- ing, sheep do excellent work since they sprout the stomps so completely that the sprouts are killed out dur- ing the first season of pasturage, The following springthis land can be broken very well. Rotate the Pastures. Where sheep are kept as one of the Conducted by Professor Keary G. Bell. The t of this department is to lace at the objec P p, service of our farm readers the advice of an acknowl• edged authority on all subjects pertaining to soils and crops, Address all questions to Professor Henry G, Bell, In care of The Wilson Publishing Company, Limited, To. ronto, and answers will appear in this column In the order in which' they are received. As space Is limited It Is' advisable where immediate reply is necessary that a stamped and addressed envelope be enclosed with the, question, when the answer will be mailed direct' Question -Subscriber: -What is. the Value of orchard grass for hay? When and how should it, be sown? Does it do better on sandy soil than oats? When and how should it be sown? Answer: -Orchard grass is a very valuable hay grass if cut at the right time. If it is allowed to come into blossom fully, it tends to;beconne hard and woody, and > of course,, loses in feeding value. Orchard grass can be sown either for hay or for pasture. In either case from 28 to 30 lbs, of good seed per, acre gives,' good re- sults. Prepare the ground fairly in the spring and seed the grass seed with a nurse crop such as reheat or barley at the rate indicated sowing not more than 1 bushel of wheat or'. barley per acre. Orchard; grass thrives on a variety ^ of soils, but it. will not dowell on undrained soil. It is very resistant to drouth and does better than other grasses in shady places, such - as - in orchards. " In order to assist in getting a, good stand, you would do well,to give the ground a thoroughly dressing of manure or add 200 or 250 lbs • of fertilizer to the acre atthetime the seed is sown. Question-H.F.:-I wish to know if I could put my second cut9ng of clover into my silo: Would it make a better grade of feed than it would to cut it for hay? If it is a good plan to put it, into the silo, please give me, some instructions` as to how I should- handle it. Answer: -Some farmers claim to have successfully ensiled clover of second cutting. My personal experi- ence in handling the second crop of clover in this way has not been very favorable. The ensilage which re- sulted did not seem to be readily eaten. by the stock. In my opinion, a bet- ter grade of feed from this material can be obtained bYmaki n it into nto ha Y• Question-L.C.K.:-We have a piece of land which is pretty wet, but can- not afford to tile' it, Would you think it would do it any good to sub -soil it? Would it drain any better? It is sur- face -drained but has not got a good Sheep are .excellent weed destrooy- ers, as they keep'the'weeds nibbled so closely that no seeds are formed and the roots are exhausted. A =small fiock of sheep is an excellent scav- enger on almost any farm, and they make profitable use of waste land, provided that dogs and internal para- sites can be controlled, The lambs should have a bit more grain now if they are to be marketed this fall. ' Rape is an excellent feed for sheep, and it is greatly relished by them. Experiments have shown that they make rapid gains on it.It is a crop which is ;easily` grown, and where sheep and feeding cattle are kept it will be found advantageous to have a few acres of this succulent feed. As a rule it is pastured off, but it is also a valuable soiling crop; fax sheep. When the pastures become a little dry, rape may be eut and drawn to the sheep. A little of it will go a long way in 'preventing the animals -from running down m condition. How- ever, as a rule it, is -pastured off and proves valuable in keeping the lambs outlet. Varould like your opinion en Li anyway. Answer: -I would advise you to open the surface drains rather than to attempt to sub -soil this piece of land. Sub -soiling may lower the stand of water to some extent, but the advan- tage would be only temporary. For permanent improvement of the soil, I strongly advise the addition of tile drain as soon as you can afford it. I rather look upon the use of tile drain as a profitable investment which will lead to greater returns from your field than as an immediate` expense. Question -Reader :- I have five acres of very heavy wheat, which is lodged and in a bad condition to cut. I wish' to put, this ground into alfalfa this fall..I was advised to sow the alfalfa in the wheat this spring, but for reasons unnamed we did not do so.. Can I plow this ground after wheat is removed and get the alfalfa in so as to have it get a start for fall? I will very much appreciate any advice as to the proper handling of -this Problem. Answer :-In order' to get a good stand of alfalfa, I would advise you to cut your wheat, as you have plan- ned. Fall plow the field fairly, deeply and top -dress with about a ton of ground limestone per acre. If the ;. soil will not wash or 'puddle, let it stand till spring. As soon as the soil can be worked add four or five loads of manure per, acre, and thor- oughly disk the field until it is smooth and mellow. When a ' good seedbed has been obtained, sow from 20 to 25 lbs. of alfalfa seed per acre at the same time that you drill in about a bushel of barley' or wheat per acre: In order to insure e good stand, I would advise you at this time to drill also 200 to 300 lbs. of fertilizer analyzing 2 to 3% ammonia, and 10 to 12% available phosphoric acid: This available plantfood`will give your young alfalfa plants a quick and vig- orous start, and will :m nearly all cases, insure a good stand. Cut the barley as soon as it is _ripe and give. the young alfalfa crop a chance to al:eke a stronggrowth during the re*. ofthe summer. in condition after being weaned, and in tonin upthebreeding g b eding stock. There- are a few precautions, how- ever, which must be observed in order to avoid loss. It is a feed which 'readily causes scouring and bloating ' if care is not exercised at the first. Turn the flock on in the middle of the afternoon the first time or two when the rape is' perfectly dry: After a few days sheep may be left on it con- tinually, but there should be grass pasture near the rape field to which the sheep have free access. Armor For U.S. Fighter. The 'armor -provided for United States soldiers consists of a steel hel- met and steel plates for the protection of the body. From armpits to waist. the armor goes clear around the body, barrel -fashion, and is secured by a belt and buckle. It hangs down in front, to cover the abdomen, and also behind. The steel plates are thin, but of such excellent quality as to be fair- ly proof against rifle bullets or mach- ine-gun Bre. They are covered with khaki cloth, The best way to help others is t help them to help themselves. TFIE ONTARIO AGRICULTURAL_ COLLEGE 'Young can't G`.to W r o t Oa he_,e imat ot® LEARN to increase your earning capacity on the farm. LEARN business methods, LEARN low to produce better crops and better stock. LEARN to grow good 'fruit, better poultry and the best of everything. Septea'a•6bea•' to April at the Collo, April to September at Home. Public school education 1s sufficient for admission. College Opens September 21 Write for calendarivin Y particulars. �' f, G. C, CREEL.MAN, Eg.S,A., LL.D. President,