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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Exeter Advocate, 1917-6-7, Page 6Henry G. Be11. Conducted by Professor" Henry G. Bell. The object of this department Is to place at thi arervtce of our farm readers the advice of an acknowl• edged authority on all subjects pertaining to Iona and crops. Address all questions to professor Henry G. $eil; In care of The Wilson Publishing Company, Limited, To. Tonto, and answers will appear in this column In the order in which they are received, As space is limited it is advisable: where immediate reply Is necessary a etantped and addressed envelope be enclosed with the queatiran, when the answer will be mailed direct. Question 'b'. G.:, -We have a fifteen acreacre field of clover sod manured this winter and spring. The soil is a good sandy loans. My two sons want to raise a bumper crop, Now would you advise to drill the fertilizer in with grain drill or corn planter? We intend to check it, Also how much fertilizer should we use to the acre? The land is in good shape. Answer -In order to get a . max- imum yield of corn an your sandy loam soil, I would advise you to put on 400 pounds of fertilizer per acre. I Would broadcast 300 pounds of this by drilling it in with a grain drill be- fore the land is planted to corn. Sow the other 100 pounds per acre through the fertilizer attachment • of the corn planter. I would advise an analysis of fertilizer running from 2 to 3% ammonia and 8 to 10% phosphoric acid; also 1% potash will help, if it is obtainable. Question -C. 0.:-I have a piece of rather light land that was in corn last year, part of it had manure ap- plied. If the balance of the field is manured then disked and harrowed thoroughly, would it be all right to sow .clover on, providing it is well limed? How much hydrated lime is needed per acre? Would it be advis- able to sow buckwheat and clover? 'When ought the seeding to be done? Answer -If the land is well man- ured and limed, then disked and har- rowed thoroughly, it will make a good seed -bed for clover. If adding hydrat- ed lime, I would use from 1,000 to 1,500 pounds per acre. I do not be- lieve that buckwheat would be a good nurse crop for the clover. The buck- wheat tends to grow very thick. It is used to smother out such weeds as quack grass. I would rather prefer oats, spring wheat or barley. Per- haps barley is the best nurse crop, since it ripens early, is shallow rooted and is removed more quickly from the ground, so that the clover has a bet- ter chance to grow. The small grain and clover should be sown as soon as the ground can be prepared in the spring. In order to help both the small grain and the clover catch, since your seeding must necessarily he late, I would advise applying from 200 to 250 pounds of fertilizer carrying :2 to S% ammonia and 8 to 10% phosphoric acid. This will act like whole milk to th.; young calf. It • will give the infant grain and clover plants easily digestible plantfood and will greatly assist both crops. Question W. M. :-What is your advise in regards to planting soy beans in ensilage corn? Does this make the silage a better feed, and would you plant them the saline tune as the corn? I thought perhaps if the beans were planted later it would make snore moisture in the silage. Please let me know what time to plant for best results. Also my pasture runs short in latter part of July or August, I have two and one-half acres that I would like to use for this purpose. Would cowpeas. and oats be a.' good feed if cut green, and what time is best to sow them? Answer -In many sections good re- sults aree'forthcoming from seeding say beans with corn. Theoretically, the mixture should greatly benefit -the balancing of the ration, since soy beans are rich in protein and fat and corn is rich in carbo -hydrates, Many farmers get excellent results by hog- ging down the corn and allowing the pigs to harvest the soy beans. This balances their ration, as indicated. The beans may be planted at the same time as the corn, if you cultivate. the corn only one way, but the com- mon practice in the middle western states is to drill the seed in at the. last cultivation, or to scatter it be- tween the rows. and work it in at the time of the last cultivation, About 1n/. bushels of seed per acre is re- quired. If planted as' described the' beans should he well set and fairly well ripened by the time the corn is to be cut for silage. Regarding the short pasturage, I am wondering if you are familiar with the work on pastures done'by Prof. Zavitz of Ontario Agricultural Col- lege, He has obtained good results from the following mixture: Oats 51 lbs. Early Amber Sugar cane30 lbs. Common Red Clover 7 lbs. .l Total 88 Ms. He advises sowing this early in May. The oats and the Early Amber sugar cane can be drilled through tha. grain drill and the clover seed can be sown through the clover seed attach- ment of the drill. At Guelph they 'found this mixture ready for cattle pasture late in June. It carried more than: one steer to the acre. - In 1911 1 it was successfully used for milk cows. If you wish to grow a crop to cut green, I would advise you to, mix peas and oats, -a bushel of each. This makes a good rich green hay and gives satisfactory results. Sow this just as soon as you can prepare the ground. INTERNATIONAL LESSON JUNE .10. Lesson XL Jesus Crucified -John 19. 16-30. Golden Text- 1 ext1 Cor. 15. 3. Verse 16. The Evangelist lays the whole responsibility on the Jews. They have just repudiated their nation- alism: the Emperor Tiberius is the only Messiah they will ownl So Pilate hands over their King to them that they may enthrone hint; and they -.accept the office! Compare Acts 2. 23. 17. Bearing the cross -This is us- ually harmonized with Mary 15. 21 by assuming that the Lord sank under the burden. It was observed earlier in these Text Studies that he had well- nigh worn out his body with over- strain before he came to the last great act' of service, and that this probably accounts for the rapidity with which he died. John fastens attention on the first steps in the sorrowful way: the. King goes forth bearing the scep- ter of his victory! A skull -In Latin calvaria: it was presumably named from its shape, a round bare knoll. In Hebrew, as in verse 20, means Aramaic, the common language o Judaea and (to a less complete extent) Galilee. 18. The crime for which these dacoits suffered is described by im- plication in Luke 23. 41. Compared with Luke 23. 19, it may be safely as- sumed that they were among Barab- bas's followers. Having accepted the Jews' accusation that Jesus made him- self a King, Pilate is obliged to make the most of it, So he orders that the King rahall be between his followers in the place where Barabbas should have been. .lie also has the usual t c titulus wrivtten, lnich he coin' z r .l mned carried suspended round his neck to the place of execution. This sets forth what is the fate of those who dispute Caesar's crown. 10, Wrote . put•--Abbreviat ed for "ordered to be written , en put." Mark gives only the essence 20. The local language, the official, and the language, of universal inter- course in the Roman world, are com- bined to proclaim his royalty. One recalls the mingang of Jew, Roman, and; Greek in the great apostle of the cross, who was to make the King. known through the Roman empire. Few passers-by would know Latin, which was there as official: the Greek. was for foreigners, and for not a few of the Galileans. 21. Pilate had succeeded in insult- ing the men who had forcedhim to do what he knew was an outrage on justice. It was the sneer of verse 15 made permanent for all to see. 26. It is not quite certain, though probable, that there are four, women mentioned here. There may have been more in the company.: Joanna (Luke 24. 10) is an obviously .probable one. It is difficult to believe that Martha and Mary of Bethany were not` there. This consideration makes it risky to assume that the three in Mark 15. 40 are the same, and that therefore his. mother's sister was Salome, mother of James and John. . Mary the. wife of Clopas-Alphaeus (Mark 3. 18) may be the sante name. so that her son, "James junior" (Mark 15. 40), was an apostle. 26. Woman. -The rendering entirely fails to give the tone of the address, which often answers to Madam. Our idiom would simply drop it in such a context (as in paraphrase). f 27. That Mary was gently led home at once is suggested by Mark 15, 40, where she is not named. Her Son tenderly spares her the agony of the darkest hour; and she, utterly crushed in spirit, passively obeys him. She did not hear him cry lama sabachthani. 28. That the scripture ---of course this means that the Evangelist re- cognizes in the cry of physical an- guish the correspondence with a Divine necessity revealed in Scripture, "In my thirst they gave me vinegar to think" does not answer in spirit to the kindly act described in verse 29. But it is the thirst, not the "vinegar," that the Evangelist is thinking of: the quality ;of the, liquid offered made no difference at such an hour. 29, vinegar-Bather,sor vine; -i Latin, posca, the soldiers' 'ordinary 1! drink. ITyssop-• 1'he bxanehing twigs ' of which would hold the sponge and Of the charge,- and I,ulce practically follows him. The other two add' the name, John being fullest of all. The name and place of origin may well have been omitted in the Gieeek and Latin versions:strangers were eel; rot rorne withhis supposed to be c, t .e d. identity, hut only with the crime for Which he e:zfeed. enable them to press it to his mouth. 80 He said -The momentary re- Creshment gave him strength to utter aloud thisone great word, and then to breathe the dying whisper (Luke 23. 46, ma, gilt) of Psa. 31, 5. Gave up lits spirit May mean simply, "expired," t the •hots 1st of returning his spirit but het g g p to Cod, v'ho gave it; may be present, „Pod (20 The shade problem is one that must bo solved in the near future. The days will soon be here when the mid- day' sun can da a rpt of damage to stock exposed to it. Even in„ June the •o are days when a little shade is ne }ed. , This is probably -mare the cas with chicks than it is with gown fowls; but, nevertheless,; they all need it. Trees furnish the most cooling shade, Where trees are not available canopies should be erected, made by driving stakes in the ground and cov- ering the top with burlap. The chicks need plenty of 'nourish- ing food, but care must be taken that they are' not overfed. If overfed they will lose their appetites and becomes stunted. The hens out on range must' be look- ed after. They are apt to hide their. nests in some out-of-the-way- place, and in consequence many eggs are lost or never found until they have lost their value. Beware of the !ridden nest, and above all things never mar ket an, egg that has been found out doors; let the cools in your own kitchen test its quaiity. . A more profitable side -line than tur keys for:the farmer can hardly be found for those situated on grain or stock farms. Improper feeding, com- bined with close confinement, has been the cause of many failures in turkey raising. Given free range on the average farm the poults can general- ly pick up their own living. One light feed per day for the purpose of in- ducing them to come in at night is. sufficient. to unfavorable weather and lack of The strength of the pig when far- rowed exerts possibly the greatest of feet on the ultimate economy of pro- duction Second only to this point in import- ance is the influence of wisdom in the feeding and management of the suck- ing and the weaned pig. More good litters are ruined -and more swine -feeders baffled and dis- couraged -by improper feeds and deeding and ill-advised methods at the period mentioned, then possibly dur- ing any other phase of the pig's ex- istence. - Teeeh the litter to eat three weeks before weaning. For best results ,milk products are practically a necessity: ;with middl- ings. A few handfuls of drY grain scat tered in the bedding insures the pigs taking exercise. Avoid overfeeding, and make exercise necessary. Gradually increase middlings until weaning. If skim -milk is available, and two litters per year are anticipat- ed, wean at six weeks of age;• other- wise wean at eight weeks. Rape makes --excellent forage for hogs. And rape, sown on land kept under clean cultivation until July, will assist in land cleaning. r> 1- There have been quite serious losses in lambs in England this spring owing MIT f. e.••r A little oil cake added to the skim milk will 'make an excellent substitute for fat in the . calf's feed after the whole milk has been cut off. Milk warm from theseparator, with a little flaxseed jelly added to supply the extracted butterfat (at less cost); is an ideal feed for calves. The calf feeding pails should be"lept as clean as the milk pails. One feed- ing of stale or sour milk will often cause serious indigestion and scours. It is better for a calf to miss` a feed than to have a feeding of sour After drinking the milk a handful of ground grain should be put iri°a feed- ing box. The pregnant heifer should' receive a liberal ration containing a high per cent. of protein and ash, as these are necessary for the development of the foetus. The best time to start feeding the heifer to produce a good milk cow is when -it is young. skilled help at lambing time. When the sheep have become accus- tomed to pasture; and the grass has gotten good heart, there need be little anxiety about the flock. Gran fed to the flock while on pas- ture increases as-tureincreases the profits. Provide a lamb creep so the lambs can be fed an extra ration of grain by themselves. The quicker the lambs grow, to mar- ketable size the more, profit and the better the meat. Shear the sheep early. Protect them during nights in the folds, and from rains or cold winds. The ticks willgo to the lambs, which should be dipped. Dock the lambs while they are young, as there will be less shockand less loss of blood. But not too short. Smear the wound with tar. Keep a close watch that the healing takes place at once. That Feminine Intuition. When a .man is in love with a girl he should tell her as a<matter of form, though the chances are that she knew it before he did. A SILO ON EVERY Pays For Itself in Two Winters With Twenty -Cow Dairy -How to Get It -Where to Put It. If there is anything a farmer is justified in going into debt for it is a silo. No implement will pay for 'it self so quickly as the silo. The ques- tion, Will it pay? is no longer debat- able. With a dairy of twenty cows it will pay for itself in two winters' feeding. 'The only questions nowa- days are, How can I get one? What kind shall I get? Where shall I put it, and how shall I pay for it? Wideawake fruit farmers have found that dairying: filled a unique and profitable place in their farming sys- tem. And modern dairying, -'is not profitably possible without a silo. An core of corn made into good silage has about forty per cent. great- er feeding value than when fed as crib corn and dry fodder. Cows need succulent feed during the winter months and silage furnishes it in convenient, economical form. Steers and lambs make faster and cheaper gains when silage is part of the ration. There is a further urgent reason for erecting., a silo this season --the prices of all feeds are unusually high and the saving with silage is con- sequently greater than ever before. The first silos built were of the pit type, dug in the ground. It was 'soon found that the ensilage in these pit silos rapidly became moldy and unsuitable for feed. The silos first constructed above ground were of wood, being square in shape or eight sided; but they were not a success on account of the air pockets in the corn- ers, which caused the silage to spoil. It was not until the round stave silos, with hoops that could be tightened or loosened as the silo swelled or'shrunk, were put on the market, that silos be- came a practical success. The expense of wood silos depends on the sort of wood used. A silo ten feet in.diametet is the (best size for ream twelve to fourteen Bead of cattle, as -enough silage is taken out each day to keep it fresh, This is a very iinpor.tant point. A. silo twenty „feet in diameter would re- quire a herd of from thirty-five to forty head of catty; to eat eiiough•off each day to keep the silage :fresh. A silo ten feet in diameter and thirty feet high is the best size::for the small -sized herd. Thie will hold forty-six tons of ensilage, anough for eleven cows, each getting forty pounds a day, for 200 days, and allowing some for loss. The absolutely essential features about a good silo are: She Walls mast he air and moisture proof, the infer 01 s face must be smooth and perpcieli- cular, the walls must beestn ongly re- inforced, and the doors must be air- tight. There are five .kinds of silos on the market, those made of wood, solid ce- ment, cement blocks, hollow tile and iron. The wood silo was the first com- mercially introduced and has been, greatly improved. In selecting a wood silo, the writer would go to the expense of having the staves made in one piece. This costs a little more. Cement silos, and silos made of hol- low cement blocks have been used, but do not seem to be growing in favor. Every silo, however, no matter of what material it. is constructed, should have a solid foundation of masonry or ce- ment, preferably cement. A Modern Silo Seven or eight years ago silos be- gan to be made of hollow tile, and are steadily gaining in popularity. The manufacturers claim : they will last for gt;nerations, are wind and moisture proof and fireproof. Metal silos are being built and ex- tensively exploited in the United States, being put up in sections all bolted together, the joints f-eing filled up with suitable paste. ,The manu- facturers claim the work of erecting these siloe is so simple that a farmer with ordit,ar'y judgment can put them .up, using the help on the farm. When the silo is 'complete anderected, it resists t',e action of heat and cold, the walls being absolueely air -tight, and the silage will keep even; but there's thistype no doubt that the silo of ype sl ould be kept painted, particularly inside,' where it might be eaten with rust, A HOME-MADE REFRIGERATOR Simple Device Which Makes a Good Suilstitute for an Ice -box, ajuj is Easily Made by the Hone Carpenter. An Iceless Refrigeratorr, Country homes without icehouses may have an iceless refrigerator as a good substitute.` This convenience comprises a simple wooden frame with a covering of cation flannel macle to fit so that little air is admitted into it. Wicks made of the same material as the cover are tacked on top of eadh side of the cover and extend over into the pan. of water sitting on top of the frame. This water is taken up by the wicks and carried down the sides of the Dever by capillary attraction, whoa evaporation takes place, drawing theheat, from the Inside and lowering the temperature. The more ,rapid the evaporation, the lower the temperature. The refrigerator should there- forebe keptin a shadyplace where there Is a free circulfation of air. Keep foie the wicks In a supply of fresh water in the top pan. The whole refrigerator should stand in a larger pan which catches the drippings from the cover, "` • The frame may be made of pine, painted white. About 51a, yards of white canton flannel will be needed. Put the smooth side out, care being. taken that the cover comes to the lower edge of the frame. The wicks are made halt the length of the sides and sewed on the top edge' at each side. They inust extend three inches into the,water. .The three shelves are made of zinc. Cover the whole frame with wire screening to protect from flies. elite Storyp •. Whole Duty of Children. A child should always say what's true And speak when he is spoken to, And behave mannerly at table; At least 'as far as he is able. Robert Louis Stevenson. Making Others Happy. dozen pairs of little shoes and slippers hunig'down almost to the floor from that infant class bench, and a dozen little maids kept them swinging back and forth all through the lesson hour. Ada Brycewas so busy .gaz- ing at her own pretty, shiny boots. that she did not notice a pair of very worn shoes at the other end of the row. "Why, what a shabby pair of shoes to wear to Smiday school!" she thought to herself when she caught sight' of them; "and what a faded dress thatlittle girl has. I am glad she is not sitting by me," and she smoothed her own dainty frills with' a.chubby hand. The teacher was speaking again, and her words set Ada thinking. "Now, girls, you have answered well to -day, and I want to know who will promise to remember the lesson dur- ing the week and try to make someone happy whenever she can? • Up went Ada'shand with the rest, and her eyes turned again to the lit- tle stranger, whose name, she had dis- covered, was Janey Burns. `I don't believe she . is very happy," she thought;, and before she, knew it al- most she hadsmiled at the little stranger, whose big, wondering eyes smiled back into her own. As the infant class scholars trooped out for the closing exercises a little figure in a dainty dress slipped into the seat beside Janet' Burns` and a soft little voice whispered, "I guess Ill sit by you. You can hold niy muff if you like. It's cosy to putyour hands in." '--As she and Lucy Miller trotted home from Sunday school together Ada whispered in Lucy's ear; "It's easy to make people happy; and isn't it funny? It makes you feel as if someone were making you happy, too." dIfe The symptoms for disease -of the side -bone are, in some cases, lameness, and a hard, unyielding enlargement surrounding the heel on one or beth' sides of the feet. If lameness be present, blistering tends to effect a cure; if not lame no treatment is advisable. Use three or four horses in a team wherever possible. The neck and shoulders of most horses are all the time changing. The collar that may be all right this year may need considerable readjusting an- other year. It is difficult to find a better collar ..than a good curled hair collar. 'Sone blacksmiths seem to think they must earn their money paring off the horse's hoof. Result,' thousands. of poor sore -footed horses. 0 Ur rehiern Cmu r%d lfnd .%treten , aur Mothers and, daughters of all ages are cordially invited to write to this department. Initials only will be published with each question and its answer as, a means of identification, but full name and address must be elven in each. letter.' Write on one side of paper only. Answers will be mailed direct if stamped and addressed envelope is enclosed. Address ail correspondence for this department to Mrs. Helen Law, 239 Woodbine Ave., Toronto. J. L. G.:=-1. It takes a submarine from three to eight minutes to sub- merge. The record for submerged speed, so far as known, is 12 knots. Generally ten miles an hour is the best underwater speed. 2. A forestry regiment is composed of lumbermen who cut timber -and prepare for engineers for the building of bridges, railroads, tieneh supports, etc. 3. The River Isonzo, a short Austrian stream, just across the Austro - Italian border, runs north and •snuth along the battle -front in this sector. It empties into the Gulf of Trieste and the Adriatic Sea. "Housekeeper" --Honey is a very valuable fold. It is especially good. for children who need 'a great deal of sugar, becauseof the fact that the skin surface, that is, the radiating stii- face of the child's body, is much larger in proportion than thot of the adult. This means that children's bodies Jose heat',rapidly, and therefore they need a great deal of sugar whichp roduces heat and energy. Honey supplies sugar in its most 'digestible Corm, and enters into .the =ciliation at once. Honey also contains minerals neces- sary for the human, body, one of these beitg iron. "Lucy": -.1. Spread a thin film of butter over cheese that is to be put away and it will not dry or creel. 2. Lengthen the stitch ,on your sewing - machine l mach ne to its i.ul est extent, and stitch the hart to be shirred, Adjust t J. your gathers by pulling • the lower thread, and your gathers will be per- fectly even. 8. For moths evened the edge of a carpet, a hot iron is an excellent exterminator. Dampen the edge of the carpet and iron with the hot iron. If of velvet or Brussels, hold the iron close to the carpet, bat do not press it down. The hot steam will kill all Moths, and without the least inierry to the carpet. 4. When sealing jelly, melt paraffin in an old teapot or tea steeper. It is elle most satisfactory way of pouring the wax over the jelly when sealing it, No drops will be spilled upon the table. "Mary": -To remove stains caused by handling fresh fruit, before wash -1 ing; rub the hands with half a lemon., Or take a stalls of rhubarb, peel and bruise and rub the hands with it. "Botanist": --The national. flowers of the allies are, so far as known: England, rose; Scotland,;thistle; Ire-- land, shamrock, Wales, leek; Canada, maple leaf;Australia, fern; France,` P , lily; ; 'Japan, chrysanthemum; ` Italy; lily. There is no floral national em- blem blem acce ted by the other allies,.Rtius- p •, sin, Belgium, Serbia, ituntania,, lytonle negro, Portugal, United States end Cuba. s S. I3.. ---1'o male Hollandaise .�ttce for fish put 2 tablespoonfuls of but- ter and 4 tablespoonfuls .of .vinegar in a saucepan, bring i to a boil, add yolk of one egg, cook till thick, remove and season with i/z teaspoonfeal salt arid a dash or pepper; c- e in Dourest ie Science will A util s t shortly"commence in the Household Department, if you clip out the les; sons as they appear1 and sastcin o seat ;-boort, you will have the. ooze-., .. 1 plate seiries•.fee future reference,.