Loading...
HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Exeter Advocate, 1917-3-29, Page 6hsv Nast ,76&se steam Mothera and daughters of all ages are cordially invited to write to th deportment, initials only evil! be published with each question and Its answer as a meaos of Identification, but full name and address must be given in peels letter, Write on one side of paper only. Answers wilt be mailed direct if stamped and addressed envelope Is enclosed. Addrees all correspondence for this department to Mrs. Helen Law, 75 castle Frards Read, Toronto, is 118.M —1. For your boy $ of eight, eleven and fifteen years of age, the &Atoning boeks are xecommended; "Lorna Doone" by lilackmore; "Story of Great Inventions,by E. Burns; "Legends of King Arthur and His Court," by F, N. Greene; "Old Greek Stories," by Jas. Baldeidn; "Adrift on an Ice -pan," by Dr. W, T. Grenfel; "David Livingstone," by 0, S, Horne; "The Boy's Nelson," by H. F. D. Wheeler; "Lives of Poor Boys Who Becsune Famous," by S. K, Bolton; "Historic I3oyhoods," by R. S. Hol- land; "Heroee and Heroines of Eng - Hell History," by A, S. Hoffman; "Plutarch's Lives for Boys and Girls," retold by W. H. Weston; "Ivanhoe," and "Kenilworth," by Sir Walter Scott; "Toni Brown's Schooldays," by Thos. Hughes; "John Halifax, Gentle- man," by Miss Mulock. There is also a splendid series of twenty volumes, for boys and girls from eight to four- teen, of which a few titles are; "Birds That Every Child Should Know," "Earth and Sky That Every Child Should Know," "Water Wonders That Every Child Should Know." Some of the other subjects treated are; "'Wild Animals," "Pictures," "Songs,'' "Trees," "Famous Stories," "Heroes," "Heroines." This series affords a vast amount of useful information in very readable form. L.W.:—The wedding anniversaries are as follows: 1. Cotton; 2, Paper; 3, Leather; 4, Fruits and Flowers. 5 Wooden, 10, Tin; 12, Silk and Fine Linen; 15, Crystal; 20, China; 25, Silver; 30, Pearl; 40, Ruby; 50, Golden; 75. Diamond. mond. H.L.Itn-1. Milk dishes are the most valuable bone -forming foods, 2. It is said that a very hot nail will not split plaster when it is driven into it. 3, The best way to soften butter is to invert over the plate of butter a bowl which has been first heated with boiling water. 4. A good plan is to paint the lowest step of tile cellar stair a white. Or a folded newspaper can be tacked to the bottom step. 5. To cut new bread try using a •knife which has been dipped in very hot wa- ter. 6. Fresh coffee stains can be removed by pouring boiling water through the fabric. 7. If steak is rolled in floor before frying, it will keep in the juice and make the meat more tender and delicious. C,B.:—Iron rust stains cannot be taken out by water. Try a mild acid, such as cream of tartar, spread on the stain and washed through by hot wa- ter, or dilute oxalic acid. When the stain is removed be sure to wash met the acid. V.D.F.:—A good play for your , school concert would be "The Making of Canada's Flag," in which from fif- teen to twenty-five children may take! part. Another patriotic play for boys; and girls is "The Key to Jack Can-; uck's Treasure House." It deals with our splendid national resources. Both. these plays may be obtained from city booksellers at 25 cents each. I S.N. :—A mixture of one-half ounce! borax, one-half ounce glycerine, three , ounces Tose water and two ounces bay rum• will soften and whiter/ the hands. Cornmeal is also excellent as a whitener, and glycerine and lemon: Juice mixed is recommended. If a bowl of oatmeal is kept beside the kitchen' sink and rubbed over the hands after washing it will prevent roughness. Sto_p feeding geese twelve or fifteen hours befcre you kill them. A few sickly hens will undermine the best -founded efforts at success. Five to ten per cent. of the feed given in winter should be meat in some form. Fresh cold air is the only thing that will keep the hens from freezing to death. It will help to get eggs the year around if you thin out the overcrowd- ed houses. Wheh chickens are permitted to roost in and about -the stables, why should there be surprise when horses and cattle become lousy? Some folks try to make money out , of geese without water. Quite like , snaking bricks without straw. If sm..' ture has not provided you a stream or pond fed by springs, make a pond: of your own. Eggs from geese that ( have water to swim in are more apt to be fertile than those which cores from dry land layers. The woman who refers to her hus- band as "my old nsan" isn't showing him proper respect. Illiteracy should be fought as a disease. It is. It is a possession which not only keeps the individual inert but rnakes for a lower degree of efficiency in the social body. Corn- i pulsory education and the instilling ofa desire for knowledge are the cures for this complaint. INTERNATIONAL LSSON APRIL. 1. Lesson I.—Jesus Gives Sight To The Blind—John 9. 1-38 Golden Text—John 9. 5. Verse 1.. Passed by. A spurious ad- dition to John 8. 59 (see margin) would link this verse with the last. It seems quite general—"one day as he went along the etreet." From his birth— Evidently a well-known character, whose history the disciples knew; compare verse 8. 2, Rabbi—The actual word used wherever our Gospels have "Master" (literally, Teacher). Who sinned— This is India's problem, on which the whole superstructure of reincarnation Is based. Jews kbelleved in the possi- bility of prenatal sins; this verse does not mean that they thought of' a pre- vious existence. Parente—Compare the old proverb about the father's eat- ing sour grapes and the children's teeth set on edge. Jeremiah repudia- ted it, but there was a partial truth in It which he retained (Jere 32, 18). 3, Jesus rejects this theory of suf- fering altogether. Man's suffering is only God's opportunity; compare John 11. 4, and 2 Cor. 12. 9. 4: We must—Note the rebuke to their hard theorizing in the presence of sorrow. They- should be looking out for opportunities of jo4ning their Mas- ter In his Father s worka. 'Willie it is day—See John 11. 9; 12. 35. The par able Itself guiuds againetmisuse, man's intellectual and spiritual ev-ark Is often done at night. But just as our work for daily bread normally stops at sundown, so the opporturiity of ministering to men in their sorrow will cease with death. 5. When—There is a distinct sug- gestion that this visit (compare John 1'7. 11) is not the only one. See Les, son Text Studies for March 18, verse 12. 6, Compare Mark 7. 33; 8. 23. The primitive belief in the healing virtue of saliva is used by Jesus to help faith: the point is that what heals conies frorn him. Anointed—Read, "put Ms clay on his eyes";‘-sthe margin has an improvement on the text, but it misses the true point. 7. Wash—The word, used implies the was'hing of a part, here the face. Pool of Siloam—"Siloa's brook that flowed fast by the oracle of God," as Milton calls it. The pool is still there. Sent—That is "issuing, gushing forth." But Jahn fastens on a mystical interDretation: the spring is a type of the water of life. 8. Beggar—As to -day in India, there was no other livelihood for a blend man who had no relatives to support him. D. No—Por of course the fact that he conld see, with them disproved identity. 11. Went away—As with the ten lepers, faith was tested by bidding hire leave the Healer's presence. 35. Cast him out—See verse 22 and John 16. 2. The Son of Man (margin) —So read, beyond doubt Since this great title refers tacitly to future Judgment, there is special significance n verse 39 in this connection. 37. He it Is—Compare John 4. 26. 38. Worshiped—jeans accepts a re- verence which angels refuse (Rev. 22. 8,, 9). ESSENTIALS FOR THE GARDENER Construction and Care of Hotbed and Cold Frame—Both Are of Greatest Assistance in Obtaining An Early Start With Market Produce. The• gerdener's greatest aids in raising early crops are the hotbed and the cold frame. The hotbed enables him to plant seed and produce seed- lings long before the seed planted out of doors has begun to germinate. The e cold frame enables hirn to get the seedlings produced in the hothouse gradualIjr accustomed to outdoor con- ditions and to raise these into strong, sturdy planting stock by the time the garden is ready for them. The cold frame is used in hardening the plants which have been started in the hotbed or in mild climates for ststrting plants before the seeds can be safely planted in the open. Resetting plants from a hotbed into the cold frame gives them a better root system and makes them stockier and more valuable for transplanting in the open ground. Building of Hotbed. The hotbed should be in some shel- tered, but not shaded, spot which has a southern exposure. The most con- venient size is a boxlike structure six feet wide and anileultiple of three feet long, so that standard three by nix feet hotbed sash may be used, The frame shOuld be twelve inches high in the back and eight inches on the front. `.Chis slope is for the purpose of securing a better angle for the sun's rays and should be faced toward the south. The hotbed not only must collect any heat it can from the gun, but also must generate heat of its own from fermentation in fresh manure, Fresh horse manure, free from stable litter, Is best for generating heat I If the hotbed is to he an annual af- , fair, make an excavation eighteen inches to two feet deep, about two feet lerester in length and width them the „frame carrying the sash. Tkine the exeavatibn with plank or with a • 'brick or concrete wall, A drain to carry off surplus water is esserstiald After a eufficient amount of fresh hese manute hes been accumulated, fill the pit, and while it is being filled traism the manure as firmly aiid as: evenly ae pos,sible, When the ground level is veachecl place the „frame in position and bank the sides slid ends with manure. Place about three inches of good garden loam on top of the manure inside the frame and cover it withethe sash. After the heat has reached its maxim -um and has subsid- ed to between 80 degrees and 90 de- , grees F., it wilt be safe to plant the seeds. Select the plumpest, freshest seeds obtainable. Use standard var- ieties and get them from reliable seed houses. Crisis in Plant Life. Keep the bed partly dark until the seeds germinate. After germination, however, the plants will need all the light possible, exclusive of the direct rays of the Sun, to keep them growing rapidly. This is a crisis in plant life and ven- tilating and watering with great care are of prime importance, Too close 'slanting and too much heat and water cause the plants to become spindling. Water the plants on clear "days in the morning and ventilate immediately to dry the foliage and to prevent mil- dew. The cold frame, so tieeftil in harden- ing plants started in the hotbed and for starting plants in mild climates, is constructed in much the same way as the hotbed except that no manure is used, and the frame may be cover- ed either with glass sash -or with can- vas. A cold frame may be built ori the surface of the mround, but a more permanent etrueture suitable for hold- ing plants over winter will require a pit eighteen to twenty-four inchee deeP, The cold frame sheuld be filled with a. good potting emit The silents should have more ventilatioo in the cold frame, but should not receive so much Water. It is best to keep the soil rather. dey. In transplanting, remember that plants usually thrive better if trans- plantedinto ground freshly cultivated. Trantplanting to the open field is best doee in cool, cloudy weather, and in the afternoen, Thie prevents the sun's rays from causing the plant to loge too much moisture th'sough evap- oration. In transplanting the garden- er will find ft temrees wagon an excellent tro,lley tray for bedding out his seedliete. Lots of folks down -town never know what good bacon or ham it. Make yours extra good this year. The constant cold weather of the past months has been the means of keeping many pigs closely housed, and ' this has resulted in a great many cases of crippling amongst the swine herds of this cpuntry. It is essential that the brood sow be fed a well-balanced, succulent, nu- tritious, milk -producing ration while suckling the litter. Dairy by-proa ducts, such as skim -milk, buttermilk or whey together with meals such as -shorts, ground oats, barley, oil cake and the like are all highly suitable for the feeding of the sow at this sea- son. • The tested and approved cow, and the dairyman determined to do hie best, nui4ce a winning combination. Above all things let no one pester the Ma Nine out of ten cross. are made so by wrong treatment on the part of some one who either does not think or who does not know any better With all our kindness let us keep a firm hand and a good stout staff on the bull.fed The cow due tocalve soon should only laxative, easily digested food. . 1.). ;. I' Toughen your cows, not by expos., ing them to the raw spring winds and storms, but by daily exercise or) sun- shiny days, and careful stabling when the winds whisk aroued the corner. Before we offer a farm for sale, w knowit pays to slick it up and make i look the very best we can. Sam ! way with a cow we want to sell, W can't expect men to take much interes in a rack of bones or a dung heap fast ened to a pair of hind legs. Clean up Put a good coat of flesh on your cow and then offer her for sale. Conducted by Professor Henry G. Bell. The object of this department Is to place at the, service of our farm readers the advice of an acknowl- edged authority on aii subjects pertaining to soils and crops, Address al{ questions to Professor lienry G. Bell, in care of The Wilson Publishing Company, Limited, To- ronto, and answers will appear In this column in the order In which they are received. As space is limited it Is advisable where Immediate reply is necessary that a stamped and addressed envelope be enclosed with the question, when the answer will be mailed direct. Henry G. Bell. P. :—I have purchaeed two tons of ground liinestone to ex - e periment with. How, when and where e shall I apply it to get hest results? t intend to sow oats, barley, corn, sugar- - beets, clover and wheat. The land is all under -drained and fall plowed except corn stubble and beet ground; soil, good clay loam. Intend to sow barley on corn stebble land disced up in the spring and seed to s•ed clover. Answer —I would advise you to pick out three acres of uniform corn stubble land. Apply one ton of ground lime- ' stone to the first acre and thoroughly disc a in, in preparing• the seed bed for Ithe barley which is to be seeded to red clover. On the second acre which should lies right between one and three , thoroughly disc the land but do not apply limestone and seed to barley and red clover. On acre No. 3, apply the . remaining 1000 lbs of ground lime- stone and disc up the land in prepara- tion for the grain seed. Just before seeding time, or a week or ten days after having worked the limestone into the soil, apply 200 to 300 pounds of a fertilize/. analyzing 2 to 3% arnmonia and 8 to 10% available phosphoric acid. I.f your seed dull has not a fer- tilizer drilling attathment, scatter the fertilizer as evenly as possible over the acre and thoroughly harrow it into the ground. Then sow your barley and red clover as befpre. At harvest time weigh the results from the three indrindual acres separ- ately and you will have a clear aemon- stration of,—first, the value of the lime, second, the value of the lime and fertilizer. Besides weighing the bar- ley, be sure to note the earliness with which it ripens on each plot and the weight per bushel of the grain when it is harvested. • Also note how suc- cessful the grass and clover seeding's have been on each plot. Ground limestone' is a corrector of soil sourness and is not essentially a pla.ntfood. When you have limed the THE ART OF GRAFTING. When in the spring the sap begins to move in the stock, be ready; this occurs early in the plum and cherry and later in the pear and apple. Do the grafting, if possible, on a mild day during showery weather. The neces- sary tools are a chisel, or a thick - bladed knife or a grafting iron (with which to split open the stock aftei it is sawed off smoothly with a \ fine- tooth saw), a hammer or mallet to aid the splitting process, a very sharp knife to trim the scions, and a supply of good grafting WaX. Saw off a branch at the desired point, split the stock a little way down, and insert a scion at each outer edge—taking care that the inner bark of the scion fits snugly and exactly against the inner bark of the stock. This—together with the ,exclusion of an and moist- ure until a union results—constitutes the secret of success. Trim the scions wedge-sligped, insert them accorately; the wedge should be a trifle thicker on the side which comes in contact with the stock's bark. Lastly, apply graft- ing wax. Each scion should be long enough to have two or three buds. The "spring of the cleft holds the scion securely in place, and therefore tying should be unnecessary. If both scions ahwi aay,cleft grew, one may later be cut When grafting laege trees it is best not to -cut away too much of the tree at once; therefore a few secondary branches should be left untouched, and these, after the scions are thrift- ily growing, can gradually be cut away the following years. Or, part of a tree can be thus top -grafted one year and the remainder the next. Many a worthless tree has thus been entirely changed. fife You can't graft a pear or an apple on a cherry or plum tree, or vice versa. The stone fruits and the po- maceous fruits are separate families and refuse to intermarry. The following formula for grafting wax will be found satisfactory: Melt together until thoroughly mixed four pounds of resin, two pounds of bees- wax and a pound of tallow. Pour this mixture into a vessel of cold water. Grease the hands with tallow, and when the wax is cool pull it like taf- fy until it becomes light and smooth. It may then be shaped into balls or ,stick, and will keep indefinitely in a cool place. Pareffine substituted for beeswax makes a harder as well as a cheaper wax. Here is a substitute for graftNg MIX that is much cheaper: Take com- mon putty, put it on good and thick and fill • all the cavities smoothly. Then take cloth, tear it in strips, wind it around the putty and tie it with stiiitrIgi.s best to use scions which were cut very early this spring or last fall; they can be kept in moist sawdust or sank. soil you have corrected its condition so that clover will thrive on it, but when you have ;added 200 to 309 pounds of fertilizer in addition to the lime, you have given available plant - food to the tiny clover crop just the same at, you give whole milk to the young calves, and the results from seeding both the young barley and clover crops should be quite as appar- ent as they are in good feeding of hve. stock. Questien—S. C.:—Am thinking of sowing a couple of acres of beans. How would they do on sod plowed i the spring? The land is sandy, loam which has not been worked for quite a while. Would sow the beans with a ten hoe drill. How deep should they be planted and would the common white bean be all right? Answer:—Beans should do well upon spring plowed sod, if after plow- ing great care is taken to thoroughly disc and harrow the seed bed, and pos- sibly if the ggouncl appears to he too lose to rd'h it and follow with a har- rowing. The point is that the turn- ing under of the heavy sod may make the seed -bed too loose and actually in- jure the water supply around the growing plant. This can be avoid- ed by thoroughly working the seed- bed into a compact but still mellow form. The general rule, in sowing seed, is to put them not deeper than four times their longest diameter. This would mean that the beans should not be planted deeper than 2aa to 3 inches. The common nitite bean IS a service- able type to grow but you should take care to sift out all the undei.sized and injured beans and to pick out 100 beans and lay them between a damp cloth, keeping .them M a warm room. You can watch the sprouting of these beans aftee they have been peepared as described, and if at the end of a week or ten days they do not sprout strong and show considerable vigor, you will do well to obtain new seed. or---_ .I.L-t-ft'sjise7,,Cli--e 1:7-1{:.{.1•1111 1171111 . Ill IP ' 1 - . ------ .1,—, it, -r; • n WAC*Lrglii rip 1 le —1—LcA else - COMING BACK TO This pictuee shows graphically what feces the Belgian refugees when the Germans have swept over their towns. This aged couple after wandering homeless and penniless for months have returned to piek up the shreds of their lives. Where thee° was ft presperotts town they find only ruin iind desolation. What ie left for them to do? It seems hopelese yet thousands of them have faced their reconstruct:on period long before it was safe to do so, with the same fortitude that the Belgian naeion displayed in resisting the in- vasion. But Olean:courageous people must have help, until they can get on their feet again and find maple to keep themselves aliVe, they must receive aid DEVASTATED HOMES. frcm their friends abroad. At lea, t food !mist be supplied them. This is the work the Belgian Relief Committee undertook to do and has done with a thoroughness that has astonished the world. It has tirelees- les,sly labored to give these people the chance they hikve so well earned to re-esitablish themselves, In this evoek it hee been aided by the people of Canada most freely, and it ie dope dent on Canadiane still, with their brothers in Geetit 13ritain and the' 'Milted 'States, to continue the work as long as the Germaiis remain on. Belgian soil. ,Subecriptions should be'sent 'ither to the Central l3e1gian Relief Committee at 59 St, Peter Stseet, MontregI, or to the lodal bran'elles, se Chronicindigestion is indicatedby the following symptoms: Unthriftiness, capricious appetite, increased thirst, irregularity of the bowels, dry, star- ing coat, hide bound, sometimes slight, colicky pains. If due to imperfect mastication have teeth attended to. Give purgative followedby a dram each, ginger, gen- tian, nun vomica, and bicarbonate of soda 3 times daily, and food of first- class quality. Increase the feed gradually, and give regular exercise at some kind of When the hair begins to shed, the heavy coated horses should be clipped. When not at work, have a blanket handy to throw aver the clipped horse and he will not take cold. There will be no delays in the spring work if the work teams are properly prepared at the start. - Gradually toughen up the horses that have been standing in the stable. A poor collar hurts worse than a heavy load. Adjust the traces to the length of the horse. Get your horse a's near as Possible to the load he is to pull. Mud spattered harnesses on a clear day look as if somethirig were wrong, Wash them up after the spring storms and bad roads are over, andkeepthem washed. A harness that is isermitted to go dirty will not last so long as one which is cleaned and oiled often. A horse that does not eat when food is before him is wrong som,ewhere. Look at his teeth. Watch all danger signals. Wind up the week's feeding with a bran mash. Where a flock or individuals in it are not doing well, there is no mystery about it. Remember parasites, in- ternal as well as external. If you are up to date you will read the experiment station reports on sheep and lamb feeding, and then jile them to read again, Blessings On the ewes that bear twins, and this is the year that it will pay to raise them, • In every sheep track there speings up a el o yak plant. Sheep and clover are great partners, For genuine pasture im provethent, at little expense, the sheep is the leader. Did you ever think that Millions of weeds that, would oth- erWise mature seeds get nipped by 511'010a%; 1\pounds of wool are lost every spring by letting the sheep run where fences and bushes will catch them and tear or, big pieces ofethe fleece. Small matter? Nothing lil e. idlis is too email for the farmer's attention, Thoec who feel the deepest ueually say the least. Health Clean Clothes and Health. A spoonful of dust contains as many as 13f million gerrns of one sort and another., and a recent examination of clothes sent to a certain number of dry cleaners in a city which had been through a serious epidernie in the schools disclosed that from fifteen suits a quart and a half of dirt was taken in which there were sufficient disease germ i to wipe out a sma 1 town. Statistics show that sickness and deaths in the Public schools of Am- erica is three times as prevalent dur- ing the second term of the school year as the first, and allowing for other. causes like the bad weather usually common during January and Februnry a great factor: in this high percentage is conceded to be that whereas most children begin the year with new clothes, by the middle of the winter they have become thoroughly im- pregnated with dust, and germs are spread from child to child. A little economy practised in other parts of the house, the denial, of some accustomed luxury would. pro- vide for the dry eleaning of the older children's spits at least once during the winter. Little boys and girls of under 9 years should always wear clothes whch may be washed at horne with soap and water and so far as possible these are best made of cotton. But serge of a good quality Made into kilts for girls and sailor suits for boys is an economical and all round satis- factory school clothes material. Three suits apiece, two for every day and one for best, are liberal winter provision. One rnother who has to plan skil- fully in order to make her time fit her many duties reckons to wash one suit a week. In this way her children, two boys and one girl, wear their clothes three, weeks, but when the eveather is partieularly dusty, she finds that every other week is about the right space. These little suits are trimmed with white cotton braid and this serve; as a pi:etty fair indicator of the condition. When the braid is grimy it's high time for a visit to the waehtub, Careful home washing with fine white soap, a little ammonia and warm water does not damage terge in any vay, and now after six months of steady eirear this little trio of school folk look as trim as they did in October when silleir outfits were Moo. It May be mentioned tom that only one bad cold stands againet this family, a single ease of pinkeye, which was not tranernitted to the other children, and ten days absent from schobl since it began in September.