The Exeter Advocate, 1915-6-17, Page 74,500,000 IN FRENCH ARMY
Joffre Has now in Hand the Most Formidable War,
Machine Ever Existed.
A despatch from Paris says: Of the
allies fighting against the Austro-
German block, it is certainly the
French who, in proportion to their
population, have thus far made the
greatest effort, After nine months of
war the French army is more redoubt-
able than at any time heretofore, The
troops have passed a hard apprene
ticeship in war; they are well equip-
ped and thein morale is in general ex-
cellent. Tools, artillery, war material
and provisions have been massed in
unbelievable quantities,
The Germans' great fault has been
their seven months' stagnation on the
banks of the Aisne and the Yser. Af-
ter the defeat of the Marne they
should have tempted fate again at all
costs. They preferred to entrench
themselves in their mole hills and
wait for some vague favor of destiny.
LEMBERG SAVED
FROX TRE ENEMY
Russian Infantry Defeated Germans
in Galicia with Surprising
Ease.
A despatch from Petrograd says:
Russian infantry with surprising ease
has inflicted a succession of great de-
feats on the Germans in East Galicia.
The main attack of the enemy was
conducted at Mosziek with heavy
guns on the railways, but it was spent
before the Germans reached the barb-
ed wire entanglements in front of the
main position. They retreated in ut-
most.disorder, leaving thousands of
dead.
Simultaneously the Russians start-
ed an enveloping movement against
Gen. Linsingen's army which had
crossed the Dniester River, The Rus-
sian infantry with magnificent dash
attacked the Germans, who had a
quantity of three-inch guns, and drove
them from the woods. They annihi-
lated one division and captured be-
sides 261 officers, 9,300 znen, 17 field
guns and 49 machine guns. The fight-
ing lasted two days.
The Germans are now entirely
southward of the Dniester. Evidently
they intended to develop in enormous
Force here. They were headed by
Prussian Guards, and advanced rapid-
ly towards Halicz, from where they
proposed to conduct the main attack
on Lemberg. All the movement, how-
ever, was easily frustrated. The Ger-
mans are now gathering south of the
Dniester, apparently waiting for re-
inforcements. They have lost in the
past six weeks more lives in Galicia
than in the previous six months
against Russia. Everywhere the Bus-,sians are in close contact with the
enemy.
There are signs that the Germans
are developing great activity north
of the Pilica, in Poland, towards the
Niemen, with heavy artillery and a
chemical laboratory, in the hope of
drawing the main Russian strength
there. The latest Russian success has
been achieved solely with bullet and
bayonet. Scarcely a shell has been
fired in the last fortnight. The stra-
tegy is regarded as a triumphant vin-
dication of Gen. Ivanoff.
BRYAN ATTACKS
S
WILSON' NOTE
Hands Out Long Statement, Comiili-
eating.the Already Critical
Situation.
A despatch from Washington says:
While the President's note to Ger-
many was being handed to the news-
paper correspondents at the State De-
partment, Wm. J. Bryan was passing
out at his home a statement attack-
ing ' the communication sent by Mr.
Wilson on behalf of this Government..
In the statement Mr. Bryan de-
scribes the President of the United
States as an exponent of the old sys-
tem in dealing with disputes between
Governments, the system that has
war as its cornerstone. Not only in
this assertion, but in others, Mr.
Bryan showed that he fears the pos-
sibility of war between Germany and
the United States as the result of Mr.
Wilson's note. -
Samuel Gompers, president of the
American Federation of Labor, issued
a statement whioh•was interpreted by
Washington to mean that the Federa-
tion of Labor, while doing everything
possible to maintain peace, will stand
firmly behind the President in his in-
sistence that American lives shall notbe unnecessarily and unwarrantably
jeopardized on the high seas.
King of Belgium Wrote
To Frontenac Woman
A despatch from Kingston says:
Mrs. Stover, of Violet, Frontei5ac
county, who is past eighty-three years
of age, has' received ',a letter from•
King -Albert of Belgium, thanking her
in the name of the Belgian people for
her donation of fifteen pairs of socks
which she knitted. herself. The case
was brought to the King's attention
iy friends of the aged lady.
These seven months have allowed
the French, and also the British, to
perfect their armament and to drill
their new units. The commander-in-
chief of the Franco -British armies has
now in hand the most formidable
war machine that has ever existed.
Certainly the French have suffered
losses, which, if smaller than those of
the Germans, are yet heavy. Since
the start of the campaign about 1,-
300,000 French have been put hors de
combat. Of these there have been
about 360,000 killed and 280,000 pri-
soners or missing,
Of the total French loss of 1,300,-
000,
about 180,000 have been dropped
out, either for wounds causing perma- P
nent infirmity or for serious illness.
From 300,000 to 400,000 men cured of t
wounds or illness have returned to
their places in the ranks.
MEN BURIED ALIVE
HEAVY:MILTING
IN TIIE- TRENTINO
Shells from the Italians Cause
vulnerable" Fort to Disap-
pear in Clouds.
The Rome correspondent of the
Daily Mail telegraphs •
Gorfizia, one of tie Austrians'
most srongly fortified frontier points,
is being heavily bombarded by the
Italians from three sides. The Sagra-
do dike on the lower Isonzo has been
destroyed by the Italians. Its de-
struction resulted in the flooding of
the surrounding area almost to the
coast,
The Austrian salient of Playa (8
miles north of Gorizia on the rail-
road), which the Italians have cap-
tured, was shelled for some time by
the Italians in their effort to cross the
Isonzo at that point, and it was finally
carried at the point of the bayonet.
Above Tolniino a regiment of Ber-
sagleri covered itself with glory. It
was isolated on the eastern bank when
the enemy destroyed three pontoon
bridges over which supporting troops
'ere to cross the river. Instead of
waiting to be attacked, the Bersagleri
IJ liE 8 ELTE fl fitmgtrenchesthe, mseakinlvesg against
mpossitheblforomostefox
[) mthe
enemy to employ his guns against
--- - them: The Bersagleri' held almost all
th
The Terrible Effect on the Enemy of
The French Artillery
Fire,
A despatch from Paris says: The
French official "eye -witness" in an
article on the fighting in the vicinity
east of Tracy -le -Mont gives the de-
tails of the capture by the French
forces several days ago of the Quen-
nevieres farm,
"Throughout the day there was a
heavy bombardment of the entire
German position, which was evontin-
ued during the night by aerial torpe-
does and musketry. Our fire was very
effective, the two battalions which
held the position suffering heavy loss-
es, many of the men being buried
alive beneath their bomb -proof cel-
lars.
"We attacked with four battalions,
composed of Zouaves, Tiraillours, Mo-
roccans and Bretons, who, without
haversacks, carried three days' ra-
tions, 250 rounds of ammunition, hand
grenades and a sack filled with earth
to serve as a temporary shelter in the
captured trench.
"When the command to charge was
given; the whole line, as one man,
rushed across. Slight opposition was
encountered. Only one ugick-firer was
used by the Germans, which occasion-
ed small losses. The attack was be-
gun at 10.15 o'clock, andhalf an hour
later the first prisoners were brought
to the officers' headquarters.
"The `clean sweep' ordered had been
rapid and complete. Two hundred and
fifty prisoners were the sole surviv-
ors of the two battalions. The rein-
forcements which the Germans endea-
vored to bring up were mown down by
our 75s. Two thousand of our ad-
versaries were placed out of action.
"The Zouaves continued on past the
second line of trenches toward Tout -
vent ravine. All at once the patrols,
which were ahead of the main body of
troops, were seen to sway and fail,
although no shot had been fired. The
Germans had placed a low barbed-
wire entanglement in the high grain
field to stop them. Our men soon
severed the barbed wire and succeeded
in capturing three German 77 -cannon,
which had beeneffectively hidden be-
neathe bomb -proofs a few yards far-
ther on.
"The whole position was captured
and quickly fortified to withstand
counter-attacks and communicating
trenches with the main position were
prepared. Our aviators reported that
fresh reinforcements had been rushed
up from Royal in auto -busses. Dur-
ing the night the fresh troops'attack-
ed, but were regalsed each time.
"At dawn the enemy again attacked
desperately our two wings, but by
rain or hand grenades his fire was
effectively stopped.
"We counted on the ground where
the counter-attacks took place ap-
proximately two .thousand dead. The
total estimate of the enemy's losses is
three thousand dead, not counting the
wounded. We lost two hundred and
fifty men killed and 1,500 wounded.
We captured 20 quick -firers and also
a great quantity of trench materials".
Planned the Escape of
Zeppelin Prisoners
A despatch from Copenhagen says:
It has been established that two Ger-
mans arrested on Sunday at Saeby,
Denmark, who described themselves
as C. Gumprecht and T. Hauff, of New
York, are not Americans, although
they had visited New York. These
men, with H. Haan, of Copenhagen,
were arrested on the charge of hav-
ing been concerned in a plan'toeffect
the escape of the interned German
officers of the two Zeppelins wrecked
last February off the Danish coast,
Two• other Germans have been ar-
rested on the same charge. ' It 'is as-
serted the men had arranged to con-
vey the interned German officers in
automobiles to the coast, where a
steamer was waiting to take them to
Germany.
First Figure :- Are you a pillar of
the church 1, iSeioond Figure No,
I'm a flying buttress—I support it
from the outside. •
e trenches until the pontoon bridges
were reconstructed.
For this action Col. de Rossi, who
was in command, was decorated to
the rank of major -general.
There has been severe fighting in
the Trentino in an attack on the fort
called Il Padre Eterno, owing to its
reputed invulnerability. The garri-
son held out until, as an eye -witness
says, the fort disappeared in the
clouds.Trees around the fort could
be seen thrown into the air, and it
rained rocks. The fort replied all
through a day and night, falling only
at dawn.
h+
W
ARNEE ORD WINS
LEGION OF HONOR
France .Bestows .Decoration .on the
Airman Who Smashed the
Zeppelin.
A despatch from Paris says: A. J,
Warneford, the young Canadian avia-
tor in the service of the British navy,
who destroyed a German Zeppelin
from his monoplane while the airship
was flying over Belgium, has been
given the Cross of the Legion of Ho-
nor for his exploit, on the recommen-
dation of General Joffre, commander-
in-chief of the French forces.
Warneford was given the Victoria
Cross by King George for his achieve-
ment.
Relatives of Lieut. Warneford, V.C.,
who single-handed destroyed a Zeppe-
lin in Belgium, have been discovered
in New Brunswick, Rev. Mr. Warne-
ford, of Johnston, N.B., is a cousin,
and Dr. P. H. Warneford, of Hamp-
ton, N.B., is an uncle. The latter says
that Lieut. Warneford is the son of a
military man, and was born in Eng-
land. The doctor does not know whe-
ther Warneford had been in Canada,
though despatches relating to the
young aviator referred to him as a
Canadian.
German to Testify
At Lusitania Enquiry
A despatch from Cincinnati, Ohio,
says: Heinz Hardenberg, said to be a
member of the aviation corps of the
German Imperial Army, and possibly
the army of German secret service
agents of Germany, and who is be-
lieved to be wanted in connection with
the investigation into the Lusitania
disaster by the special grand jury in
New York City, was taken into cus-
tody here by special agents of the De-
partment of Justice.
Serbian Aeroplanes
Bring Down Austrian
A despatch from Nish, Serbia,
says: Three Austrian aeroplanes
dropped bombs on Kragojevatz, kill-
ing or wounding twelve persons. Ser-
bian aeroplanes pursued the hostile
machines, bringing one down. Another
aeroplane with two German officers
was taken 'at Gripalanka.
Grampian Arrives With
Canadian Troops
A despatch from Ottawa says: The
Militia Department was. advised
Thursday of the safe arrival of the
Grampianat an English port. She
carried 1,038 officers and men from
the 48th battalion of Winnipeg, 500
from Winnipeg and Brandon, rein-
forceinentsto the 79th, and a party of
33 doctors.
3,.
Slow Fathers.
"Mamma, I'm 'afraid papa was
pretty slow when he was a young
man." . •.•
"Perhaps he was. He always paid
his debts and used good English and
knew nothing about cigarettes and
never saw a taxicab and hadn't any
clubs, and Was able to support a wife
before he married. I guess he was.
pretty slow.
GER PIAN AGENTS
FO ENT STIRKES
Aim Is to Render Idle Big Factories
In the United States Who Are
Supplying Arms to Allies,
A despatch. from New York says:
Agents of Germany, it has been learn-
ed in reliable quarters, have taken,
steps with the aim of starting strikes
in the big factories that are supplying
arms ,ammunition and other war sup-
plies for the allies.
They have worked out with minute
detail a gigantic plan by which they
hope to prevent the filling of many
of the contracts .through strikes of
the employes. While they may not
expect to stop entirely the shipment
of the orders that are variously esti-
mated at between $300,000,000 and
perhaps $500,000,000, they are hoping
for a breakdown in the immense buss -
fess now being done in this country,
It was not decided to tamper with
labor until many other schemes, aim-
ed to cut off the war supplies business
in this country, had failed utterly.
Various efforts have been made by
German sympathizers or agents of
Germany, either known or concealed,.
to stop the export of vast quantities
of supplies from the United States for
the soldiers of the allied countries.
First there was attempted rational
legislation; then a personal appeal by
Count von Bernstorff, the German
Ambassador, to Secretary of State
Bryan; next a big scheme of Germans
to buy up the big plants; next an ef-
fort to swamp these same factories
with orders for German supplies that
never would be shipped from this
country.
All these schemes having failed,
plans are now being set on foot to
start labor agitation in the different
plants that have received the greatest
amount of orders. It is said now that
money is not lacking for the spread-
ing of the propaganda by which the
Germans hope to cause generalwide-
spread labor discontent and bring
about strikes. The scheme has been
evolved by a master mind, but the
head workers in the conspiracy are
not expected to come in touch with
the workingmen. By working through
various channels they are said to have
succeeded already in influencing local
labor leaders in the different cities
and towns unwittingly to formulate
demands on the employers.
MOST VULNERABLE CITY.
Venice Has Poorest Chance in War
of Italy,
With ftaly in the war, a spot dear
to the tourist, the traveller and the
lover of the artistic and romantic is
in peril. Venice of all the Italian
coast towns is the most vulnerable,
When she was mistress of the sea and
her merchantmen sailed the waters of
the known world, while her colonies
spread over the Levant and her war-
ships humbled the Turks, the lagoons
and the long sandbars were effective
protection. But to -day these waters
are too shallow for the Italian fleet,
and her protectors must come from
the nearest naval base at Taranto to
save her from the modern long-range
guns of the Austrian ships that could
attack from Pola, less than 150 miles
across the Adriatic.
All the world that travelled for
pleasure or instruction went to Ven-
ice. The continental tour of every
American or Britisher was incomplete
without a sight of the Piazza of St.
Mark, and the honeymoon of every
prosperous German couple was lack-
ing in true sentimentality if it did not
include a gondola ride on the Grand
Canal. The city's situation, art and
romantic history, told in the winding
waterways and palaces, made her
uniuqe among all resorts.
Un!tcdStatcs 1otc to: Bcrlin
President Wilso Notifies Kaiser That Laws Must
be Respected.
A despatch from Washington says: ing to make to the other, and his in+.
President Wilson called upon Ger-1 vitation to the Imperial German Gov-'
many for an expression as to whether ernment to make use of the services
or not she intends to abide by the of the United States in this way,
principles of international law as res This latter proposal is in answer' to
gards American lives and American the reference in the German note to
ships. He has asked in effect for a the efforts already made by the
prompt response, and on the reply to United States to bring about a modi-
this question probably will depend fication of Germany's submarine prom
whether or not the cordial relations gramme through obtaining Great Bri-
between the two Governments are to tain's :consent to importations of food
continue. This demand is regarded by cargoes into Germany for the civil
official Washington as the crux of the population. This effort on the part of
note which President Wilson despatch- the United States came to naught,
ed to Germany. All other points in and instead of acting upon Germany's
the communication were intended to intimation that it might be renewed,
be subordinate and incidental to this. ` the President now lays upon the Kai -
Two features of the note, while in ser and his advisers the responsibility
no wise modifying the demand for ass of making any proposals to Great
surances as to the future, hold the Britain.
door open to Germany for a possible The kernel of the President*s note
alteration of her submarine pro- to Germany is found in this eonclud-
gramme. One of these is the Pres'. ing sentence:
dent's invitation to Germany to sub- "The Government of the 'United
mit any "convincing evidence" in its : ,States deems it reasonable to expect
possession that the United States- that the Imperial German Govern -
officials failed to perform their duties': ment will adopt the measures neces-
in examining the Lusitania before she sary to put these principles (those of
sailed, The other is the President's international law) into practice in re -
offer to convey to Great Britain or spect to the safeguarding of American
Germany any intimation or sugges- ships, and asks for assurances that
tion either Government may be will- this will be done."
RUSSIANS TAKE
THE OFFENSIVE
Attack the Invader in Both Galicia
and the Baltic Pro-
vinces,
A despatch. from London says:
Russian reinforcements arrived in the
Baltic provinces and in Galicia, and it
became their turnto attack. Accord-
ing to the German official report, part
of the German force on the Dubyssa
River, in the Baltic provinces, threa-
tened by an encircling movement,
were obligedto withdraw, although in
the region of Shavli and on the Nie-
men they claim to be making pro-
gress, despite a stubborn Russian re-
sistance.
More important, in the belief of
military observers here, is the appar-
ent change that is taking place in the
Galician battle. Here again, accord-
ing to the German account, the Rus-
sians are advancing to the south and
south-east of Lemberg, and also are
attacking Gen. Linsingen's force
which crossed the Dniester near Zur-
awna.
In Eastern Galicia and Bukowina,
however, the Russians are falling back
between the Pruth and Dniester rivers
with the intention, it is believed here,
of making the Dniester their line of
defence from the Roumanian frontier
to the south-east of Peremysl. They
have very strong positions along this
line, and military experts say that if
they can drive back the Germans who
crossed the river near Zurawna, Lem-
berg will remain in their hands, and
they will be in a position to deliver a
vigorous offensive, at any rate as soon
as the Austrians and Germans begin
to withdraw troops for their western
and southern campaigns.
God Is On Our Side,
Read German Orders
A despatch from Petrograd says:
The Russians have obtained copies of
the following German staff order is-
sued to the troops on the River Bzura
in Central Poland:
"God Himself is on our side and
fights for us in - our conflict against
the whole world. We, by the Will of
the Almighty, have had put into our
LOST 258,000 MEN IN 10 MONTHS hands a new and mighty weapon—
those gases wherewith we have de-
feated our enemies. The power and
domination of Germany over all
Europe are our only aims in this war,
and we must allow nothing to stop us
Premier Asquith Gives List of Casu-
alties in the British Army.
A despatch, from London says: Pre-
mier Asquith announced in the House
of Commons that the total of British in gaining a final and now assured
casualties from the beginning of the victory. Ere two months have passed
war to May 31st was 258,069 men in our foes will be beaten into the dust."
killed, wounded and missing. Divided a • -
into categories of killed, wounded and
missing, officers and men, the list
shows the folowing:—
Killed. Wounded. Missing.
Officers .... 3,327 6,498 1,130
Other ranks. 47,015 147,482 52,617
Total .. 50,342 153,980 53,747
The losses in the naval division are -
not included in this list.
Mr. Asquith's statement of losses
was for the Continental and Mediter-
ranean forces
editerraneanforces of the Empire. He pro
mised togive the losses in the naval
division later. Neither did the list in-
clude the forces of Great Britain en-
gaged in the various small wars in
Africa and the Near East.
To Punish Murderers.
A despatch from El Paso, , Texaa,
says: H. C. Myles, British Vice -Con-
sul, telegraphed Gen. Villa demanding
punishment of Villa soldiers responsi-
ble for the recent killing of four and
the wounding of one British subject
at Tuxpam. The message was sent
on instructions of Sir Cecil Spring-
Rice, British Ambassador at Wash-
ington.
Canadian Nurses Off
For Firing Line
A despatch from London says:
Mme. Casault, daughter of Judge Cas-
ault, and 35 other French-Canadian
nurses, have proceeded to France for
service in the British base hospital,
where their proficiency in the dual
languages will make them exception-
ally useful.
Five New Zeppelins Fly
Over the North Sea
A despatch from London says: A
Copenhagen despatch to the Daily
Mail says that five Zeppelins of the
newest type left Schleswig and flew
toward the North Sea.
GRADISCA FALLS
TO THE ITALIANS
Successful Operations on All Three
Fronts Against Austrians Have
Been Made.
A despatch from Rome says: An
official statement made at the main
headquarters of the Italian army says
that the Italians are naw solidly es-
tablished in the Austrian city of
Gradisca, which, it is stated, has been
held by the Italian advanced troops
for some days. The full statement
which is signed by Lieut. -General
Count Cadorna, chief of staff of the
Italian army, follows:
"Some progress has been made of
different points along the front. A
reconnaissance party beyond Monte.
Hero found in the gorges recently ex•
plored by our fire the wreckage o�
rifles and machine guns abandoned bs
the enemy, and the bodies of forts
Austrians.
"Enemy forces comprising six bat.
talions, coming from Plezo (in Aus.
tria, 89 miles north-west of Gorizia)
attempted, according to statement;
made by prisoners, to take our troops,
in the region of Montenero in the
rear. The attempt was frustrated by
the energetic resistance and =pie
manoeuvring of the bersagliere and
AIpine troops.
"We are now solidly established ir
the city of Gradisca, which has beer
held by our advanced troops for some
days."
Successful operations announced b.
General Cadorna in three sectors o'
the war theatre have a definite value
to the invading army. On the Tyrol.
Trentino front the Italians, thanks tc
the latest victorious achievements
now occupy the principal dominating
positions everywhere. The Italians
have steadily maintained a forwarc
movement. At Cortina d'Ampezzo
one of the most northerly points ir.
the Trentino sector, our allies have
repulsed the Austrians who opposed
their passage into the heart of the
country. The roads leading from Fal-
zarego to the valley of Drava are now
commanded by the invaders. Very se-
vere fighting preceded the driving out
of the Austrians from unusually
strong positions.
In the forefront of the struggles
were the Alpinists, whose splendid re.
cord already in this war has sheet
fresh glory on the military annals of
Italy. Broken by artillery fire, the
Austrians nevertheless tried conclu-
sions with the Italian infantry. Des-
perate fighting lasted two days and
culminated in dislodging the Aus-
trians, who retreated in some confu-
sion, abandoning artillery and muni-
tions to the victors.
No Fear of Cholera,
French Doctor Says
A despatch from Paris says: Dr
Louis Legroux, of the Pasteur Insti-
tute, has made the declaration that
neither soldiers nor civilians in France
need have any fear of the cholera.
Cholera microbes are destroyed, the
doctor says, by other microbes that
develop during the process of the do
composition ..of bodies in the open air.
This and other reasons, according to
Dr. Legroux, removes all danger of
cholera from decomposing bodies, '
Only ten per cent. of the flowers
that grow in Europe are odiferous.
GERMAN TROQPS for FRANCE
A despatch from London says: A.
new Germanarmy of about 500,000
men, some of them first-class troops,
is moving west, according to the cor-
respondent of the Daily Mail at Aix
la Chapelle. Dutch corresponS,.nts
also report the arrival of large nuin'
hers of troop trains in Belgium.
Along most of the French front the
fighting is of a character similar to
that which has been in progress fol;
many months.