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HomeMy WebLinkAboutExeter Advocate, 1906-7-19, Page 3THE BIGGEST BATTLESHIP DREADNOLGESI"THE 1110ST POWER- FUL, IHITSISII WARSHIP. • Emie5dies Lessons 'Taught by • Russo- imanese War - OE 18,000 Tons Displacement. Not for many years has the bending Of a man-of-war excited such widespread interest as that of H. M. S. Dreadnought. In maine respects this ship has as- sumed a sensational character -she is •the largest vessel ever constructed, for any war fleet; she wes the nest to be earnmenced after ehe recent green strug- gle in tne,Far East; her design, Which embodies many new features, has hith- ,erto been kept an official secret, and the work of construction has been pressed forward with so intiele suceess lhaA it is hoped she will be in commission within fourteenmonths of the laying of the keel plates.. All • these facts, says Cassier's Maga- zine, have contributed to arouse curi0. sity, particularly as it ie Well known that British naval attunes were ac- corded special privilege's by ,the :Wan- ese, and were enabled to welch the progress of the war to .greater advant- age than the representatives of other sowers. The essential feature of the Dread- nought which distinguishes her from all .batfleships now in commission in the 'world's fleets is that she is ,at huge size and mount -8 only one type of gun for U5. in battle. The war between japan and Russia .conolusively showed that the in termedi- •att armament carried by vessels flying European flags was not effective at modern battle ranges. It has been cal- culated that the effective ranges for bat- tle have been raised from 3,000 yards to 7,000 or 8,000 yards. CAREFUL, CALCULATIONS show that at such a distance the strik- ing power of 7.5 inch and 6 inch guns, which have been the favorite intermedi• ate weapons in. the British Navy hither- to, is comparatively useless. -.Prior to the war Great Britain was mounting in each of the King Edward VII. class four 12 inch and four 9.2 inch guns, but sinoe. the battle of Tshushi.- ma she is inclined to depend altogether on the 12 inch gun. It is understood that originally the Dreadnought was to have carried twelve' guns of the 12 inch type, but it. was eventually decided to drop out two of these weapons in order to mount effec- tively ten pieces of this colossal striking power so that eight of thein could fire on the broadside, six ahead and four astern, without endangering either the • stability of the ship or running undue risk ving to the blast. • Th armament of the Dreadnought has encountered some criticism on account of the slowness Of fire of the 12 inch gun in comparison with the rapidity which can be obtained by the 7.5 inch and 6` inch weapons. With the best gun crew' the 12 inch gun or the 9.2 inch gun can fire' only about two rounds a minute, while the 7.5 inch weaponinan discharge as many as three or four, and the 6 Inch gun can. discharge in the smite unit of Urne as many as eight projectiles. • It has been urged that though the smaller guns may not be able to pierce the armor plates of battleship or crui- ser at modern ranges, the effect of a series of 100 pound shells falling on a ship is of great value in demoralizing a foe, driving the crew from exposed positions and bringing down top ham- per of one kind and another, thus fre- quently setting up local fires. On the other hand, it is urged thatthe rapidity of fire claimed for the smaller guns is largely imaginary at the range which will obtain in future battles. Ow- ing to the limited supply of ammunition which can be carried in a modern man- of-war, • THE FLIGHT OF EACH SHELL must be carefully watched, with a view to correcting the range Iviore another is discharged. •This operation of wanting each shell find its billet severely limits the•rapi- dity of fire and experienced artillerists say that in battle action not more than two shells a minute Can be fired from any one gun with any hope of making good firing. Under these cirotnnstances the advantage of the 6 -inch and 7.5 inch weapons disappears. The 12 inch gun which is to be moun- ted in the Dreadnought, is not, however, the weapon hitherto carried by 13rilish linen -of -war. Ag the result of long ex- periment, a 12 inch weapon of 45 calibre has been evolved, which is claimed to be the best yet censtrucled for use afloat. It may be ncited that the newest 12 inch gun of the British navy, though it fires the same weight of projectile as the gun which is being mounted in the Am- •erican ships of the Connecticut and New Hampshire classes, does not attain quite as high a velocity by about 100 foot sec- onds. The new 12 inch gun, like all of those mounted in recent British ships, has ben built on the Wire system, the ad- vantage of winch is held to be so con- siderable in Greet Britain in assuring the siren gill and soi in cln ess of meter!! al es to outweigh all the advantages which have been urged by foreign gun manuffieturors. Many early 12 inch guns buill on the wire system gave some trounie, but the newest weapons are lining made with n shouldenso as to prevent the inner tube from slipping keened under the great pressure to which it is subjeeled, and inoreased care i; beteg exereised in the testing of maa ferial. • The principle adopted in the design of the Dreadnolighl lots hem td construct SePerale redelthIS, each car- reing e VeVelVing titreet filled for two 1e-ineh gime. Each of these circular re- doubts will be homely nrmored over its full length. 011(1 fot figh tin g purposes They will be entirely distinct, Amend these five fortreseee the ship has been constructed in such a way as to plane IWO of Ilen 12 inch guns en the , forecastle 28 feet above the water line, Iwo redoubts in the niter part of the ehip and two others on the broadside. The relent of this ainangement is to keep vie of the len guns on the centre line, bat the ninangeroent bas the disadvant- age of rousing two of the guns 10 be !Masked for fun astern. • The Dread- nought, hOwenee, has NOT BEEN BUILT TO BUN AWAY. The Dreadnought is the flint 1)0,41esnip Without a ram eonatrueted for the Brit- ish navy since the battte of Lissa, in 1806, The British Admiralty has finally decided that no British Captain would eVer think of employing such a weapon, In view of the danger which any ship incurs when it rams 'full tilt at a Inc. Tao bow of the Dreadnought, in. view of the elimination of the ram, has been greatly strengthened, and the ship is provided with an armor belt running practically its full length, and varying in thickness from 0 to 11 inches, This belt is carried some distance below the water and • rises very high, to give ample protection to all the vital parts, and an armor deck is provided of a thickness of two inches, LUMBER IN BIG DENA furtvoN DAYS FOR THE OWN OF TIDI MILLS. NDntly situ () far back into the woods, where, eated trees and now it is a ease is is necessary to use powerthl clOnkeY engines -which, by the way cost about $3,000-1nstead of oxen to pull out the Jogs. One lumber rhill may have as meny 44 thirty donkey engtnes, in its camps. THROUGH MILES OF BUSH, If lumhering operations are going On in the vicinity of a fresh -water lake the logs are floated down this as far aS possible to where an engine and train of flat cars are ready to haul them over a logging railway, which leads through miles of bush to the sea. From hero, In booms containing from 700,000 to 1,- 000,000 feet, they are eventually lowed to Vancouver. There are nearly twenty lumber mills and as many rnore shingle mifls along the shores of the inlet, and its tributary which, form Vancouver's harbor, An idea of the volume of business transact - at may be formed when It is known itthsat35o0n0e00offetehte plearrgdeaymills is producing •LUMBER RISES IN PRICE. ES Rig Ships Course the Seven Seas Carry ing Oritish 'Columbia Timber. These are halcyon clays for the own- ers of the big mills doing business along Burand inlet, Vaneativercencl the smoke of their tall chimneys befogs the sky, as the bugs saws out and riP through millions of feet of the finest It turns out that there is no truth in lumber in the world. DaY and night the statement that the Dreadnought they are at it, working double aline of would net carry torpedoes. As a mat- men in the vain endeavor te keeP pace ter of fact, she Will have five submerged tubes. For the first time in any British shm the bulkhea,ds have not been pierced by doors. In the Dreadimeght there is no with the enormous demand foe lumben lumber --and move lumber. To see- one of these huge establish- ments running is cin interesting sight, for anyone used. to the comparatively communication of any kind between the small mills of lite east, for the logs of several compartments; but elevators British Columbia are whales for size, as have been constructed, and officers and everyone knows, and consequently no men in one compartment who desire to ladylike hahdling. For instance, a, log nese to another, will, it is contsa.idecl, be of very ordinary proportions will moo: able to do so with little loss of tune and sure 40 inches in diameter, to $�y no - at very slight inconvenience in com- thing of the innumerable big sticks that parison with the great advantage due the machinery has to grapple with. to the invulnevability of the bulkheads. An tmusual amount of attention has also been devoted to the construction of the bottom of the Dreadnought, with a view to minimizing the effects of mine eeplosions. The Russo-Japanese war showed that the greatest danger was from attack not directly at the bottom 01 the ship, but at the sides. The magazine and shell rooms have been placed as far as possible from the skin of the ship and have been provid- ed with armor protection,' so that al- though the Dreadnought might be seri- ously endangered by • mine explosion under the very elaboraie cellular bottom, thedetonation of a torpedo or surface mine at her side would not have serious effects. The Dreadnought bas been designed for Parsons turbines, calculated to pro- pel her at the ' RATE OF 21- KNOTS AN HOUR, two knots more than the speed of any existing British battleship. There are to be two hign pressure and two low pressure turbines and four propellers. In settling the lines of the Dreed- nonght great care was exercised to ob- tain a Mill which would be handy in transformed to .a piece of large, square evolutions. The stern of the Dread- timber, and as sitch is conveyed to the nought is probably more cut away than band saw, which speedily turns it into that of any big ship bithevto launched, a and naval officers who have seen the pile of planks, to be shot down into vessel in dock say that in spite of her the yards. Here a swarm of Chinamen great size -she displaces nearly 000 and laps are everlastingly busy, piling 18, - and unpiling, or pushing go-carts arid tons -she Will prove the handiest battle trucks up and down the alleyways. ship in the British fleets. n' The Japs look upon their cousin Mon The simplification .of armament - has gols from. tne. Land Of She Dragon with spare parts and to the installation of a led to the reduction in Ahe nveight of 'considerable -contempt, doubtless en-. • henc.ed by the late triuMphs over the more simple and effective method of Tartar. On a recent visit to -the yards •thee writer •was seaweed. 'to see one of .these smart -little brown -men from Nip- pon, energetic and impatient, directing ment of the Deeadnought far a lazy Chipaman, who was leisurely stnaller than that on any battleship now toying with a push -cart. All the sates - serving in the British fleets. faction that the little Tap got was a sue - Another gain has been the rearrange- eesskm guileless smiles from the of meht of the quarters for the officersHeathen Chum. Had the lap been able men. The Admiral, Captain and corn- and to inveigle this Chink friend behind one mis.sioned officers instead of being at of those big lumber piles, there would the niter parts .of the ship, whereas their probably have sbeen a most edifying work is mainly forward, will in future demonstration of jiu-jitsu. line" their cabins and messrooms al- COLOSSAL SHOW TREES. most. direotly under the forward and PILES OF LUMBER. After wandering Through a yard Stacked with countless piles of lumber, you reach the ond of the mill, where the process of manufacture begins. Here tee big logs are bobbing about in the salt water of the inlet, in what is known as the pocket, waiting their turn in the massive bulachain with its elevert-ineh links, which is to glide them up to the saws. The man at the top gives a shout. Then the chain moves slowly upward, bearing several of these huge sticks. The topmost is rolled off, and forms one of the row waiting for the of- ffices of the two circular saWS, which, one above the other, hum unimpeded, driven by the titanic force or an engine which serves them alone. Presently iron• arms rise from the floor, and slam the heavy Mass of wood with a re- sounding thud upon tne sliding cradle, which then creeps forward to meet the saws. There is a prolonged roar; a shower of sawduet fills the air, and a monstrous slab is dragged away. CHINAMEN AND JAPS. fire control from a high platform on the ship's Gee mast. - It has resulted also in a great reduc- tion of the personnel. •The comple- , Everything about these milling' plants only bridge. is on so large a scale that the usual run The Dreadnought has been fitted with of logs looks quite normal in size. The windows as large as those of an ordin- colossal show trees of the tourist adver- ary house. She resembles American tisements are not commonly met with, built ships in arrangments for the corn- fort of the men of the lower deck. careering up the bull -chain on their way The best possible systems for heating and ventilating have been adopted. A commodious bakery has been installed So as to provide bread at all times in place of the hardtack which has hitherto been served out in British ships. In cost the Dreadnought will be one of the cheapest battleships built for many years past. '• Besides her ten 12 -inch guns she. car- ries twenty 12 -pounders of a new and powerful type for defence against tor- pedo craft.She is expected to attain a- rate' of _oVere21 knots, witly'a rtidius Of action eufficient to carry her twir.,e across the Atlantic. In fighting etrength she is equivalent to- any two battleships ,built for the British fleet prior to the construction of the..1Cing Edwnrd VII., yet her total cost, complete with gtins, will be only, 1,797,497. while the ships of the King Edward VII. class, carrying only four 12 -inch guns and the same•number of 9.2 inch guns, represent an outlay of just under a million and a half sterling. • TUE JAPANESE AS GARDENERS. Many Vegetable Delicacies Cultivated • by Them. The Japanese excel as much in gar- dening as in warfare. This has long been eecognized in Europe, and, seeing how similar the climate of that country is to our own, it is a little remarkable that some of the Japanese "specialties" in vegetables have not been introduced more freely over here, says the London Globe. For instance, they grow a kind of bean known as aMunyo," each pod of which contains a dozen beans of dif- ferent colors. Among other ways of us- ing them is that of pounding up the beans and making of them a delicious preserve, known as "kolcau," the neces- sary consistency being obtained by the addition of a kind of gum produced from seaweed. Another kind of climbing vegetable, the "kudze," is used both foe it3 roots and its fibee, team the former a kind of flour being obtained, and from the latter a species of Cloth Which 1.4 absolutely waterproof. The bulbs of certain lilies are a favorite fruit in fa pan. After being carefully peeled and washed, they are blanched in boiling salt water arid cooked either in butter or in a gravy sauce. The flowers are treated as vegetables ev used as a flav- oring for soup. A large white melon indigenous to Japan, when cut into slic- es Ned in butter, and powdered with sugar, is esteemed a great delicacy, tasting somewhat like pineapple. Other Japanese vegetable delioacies which may be 'Mentioned are the edible flosv- erg of a kind of garlic much used for salads; the yottng shoots of bamboo, which are eaten as wc eat, asparagus; and the "riaikou," which resembles our 'entail red radietien " • 4ff During the last year rougn lumber has risen in price from $12 to $15 per thou- sand and the demand keeps increasing, especially from the North-west, with its thousands of immigrants going in on wild lands, where houses and barns are yet to be bunt and its scores of new towns. There are orders on hand at present that it will take from six to, eight months to fill, and . dealers say that the 1,112,000,000 to 1,114,000,000 feet of timber that the coast and mountain mills (those situated in the interior) will produce this year, would be doubled, were the mills able to turn out the stuff. IMPORTATION WILL CEASE. •-• It is, expected that the imphrtation of American lumber to the Northwest, will cease, for San Francisco will draw heav- ily on the mills of Washington and Oregon for building material. In fact, the U. S. Government removed the duty oa any consignments of Canadian lumber that might be shipped to Frisco, letkt the market elsewhere being sr good, al C. men aro not looking for an out- let across the line. CIRCUMSTANTIAL EVIDENCE. A Case in Which the Jury's Foreman Saved the Accused. Very eminent legal authorities agree that as to the facts of a case the jury is more likely to be right than the judge, says the London Standard. This week, however, we have had another addition to the lengthy list of instances of the judge censuring a jury upon its finding. `As clear a ease as had ever come before him," he said, as he order- ed the jury to go home. Possibly the judge was right. It, was well to remem- ber, however, that had all the cases which have • appeared so clear to the ,judges 'gone as their lordships desired; more than a few innocent men would have been sent to the gallows. An in- stance comes to mind, one of the most „extraordinary in .the history of our lel .gal system, the account of which we owe to the man who tried and Presid- ed over the trial, Lord, Chief Justice Dyer. This was a "clear case" of mur- der. The victim was found 'stabbed death in a field wood, by his side the pitchfork with Which` the deed had been done. The man who owned the fork was arreatecl, and the blood-stained suit he had worn was found hidden in a mattress. Short of testimony from any one who had seen the crime actuaUy committed, there was not a link missing from the chain of evidence against Inc prisoner. It was in vain that he pleaded not guilty; everything was so conclusively clear against him. A verdict of guilty was expected immediately from the jury to be sawn up, Bui it is interesting to but the foreman asked that as "the life" note that there has recently been out up of a fellow creature was at stake the eduntry, by one of the "logging out jury might be allowed to retire. The fits" of 'a big Vancouver mill, a Douglas judge did not understand why they fin measuring 11 feet G incties in dia- should do so in so simple a case; still, meter at the butt, and tapering off in the jury bad its wish. It did not return. its 99 feet of length to 4 feet 10 inches The court adjourned for luncheon; the at the small end. This British Colum- jury did not come back. in the afternoon, bia toothpick, according to calculations and, in spite of several anxious inquir- of men in the business, will yield the icts from the bench, it had not made up trifling sum of 18,500 feet of goodeiner- its mind when the court rose for the •chantable timber. They say it contains day -there was one man holding out. more marketable stuff than. any other The jury was locked up for the night, - •tree ever out in British .Coltunbia. and in the morning was brought into ' • "FOR C. P. R. BRIDGES. court lei return a verdict of not guilty! This was a poser, and the judge dis- . Along the docks and railway sidings Missed the jury, salying, "The blood of of thee •yards Ithither • of all sorts lies the deceased lies at your door." stacked' for all' cladses- ot- custodiers. Private- inquiry by the judge, elicited Here are cars piled with heavy beams the fact that the foreman, a ma.n of to be shipped to Toronto, or loaded with unblemished reputation and of consid- toothpicks, looking like whole trees erabie estate, had been the cause of the squared'offe which will take their places verdict. which the. rest had been starv- es bridge timbers at „some point on the ed into accepting. The judge sent for C. P. R. • this gentleman, and in his.private room Hut over beyond the long rows of begged him to explain the mystery of timber sheds is the most interestin„ his obduracy and the amazing finding sight of all; for there under a forest of of his fellows. first pledging himself to masts, yard -arms and rigging, lie the preserve inviolate any confidence which steel -built sailing ships which course the other might repose in him. Then the seven seas, and carry the stains pets the foreman told how he himsell had duce of British Colainbia to the four cor- ine.t the victim for Whose murder the ners of the world. One has come seven prisoner had been tried, how this man thousand miles across the Pacific from had sought to take advantage of his New Zealand; one is loading for Japan. official position and exact, unjust tithes, another is 'bound for a port in south hotv they quarrelled and fought, how (the foreman of the America. and still another hails from the man had attempted to kill him with England via 'Cape Horn. Strange though a lurk' "(thew he it may seem, of the half dozen ships in jury) 'had killed his antagonist with his dock, loading lumber at the same time. 01071 pitchfork, then fled. The prison - each, almost invariably, hails from a. er' corning along. hact found the man port far distant from her neighbor. dying, and in endeavoring to succor him F a.hnd got blood upon his clothes, end in PREFER TO BUY DEALS. his Seine countries prefer to fork a buy deals, ennfttsion had taken the dead man's others dimension stufr, as, for instance, rid lhis own in its place, This eft • was why the foreman had held mit, and japan, who does most of her own saw- why the prisoner escaped. ing, but their choice to a great extent depends on the state of the nierket: long chute or slide, slanting up from a THE CROWN AND WORKING CLASSES There is, In 'fact, no • barrier to -day Vessels are loaded by means of the.wharf over the stern of the ship, -up between the evown and the working which steep gangway the lumber is classes, says the London Times. If i,1\laireuledropine artialcesh,eato acio by nleannskeyof eangleinne,gthere ever was one, Queen Victoria may which whisks each load along the deck Iso saki practically to have broken it h where ft is wonted.. The cargo is cg\nle isks i) he uttfailing cr°euarditsl't°ss, all hold room is waged and many Ships tended go enrefully that not an inch et often shown at Osborne or Bahnoral, to Thti. out into the pacific with as mon enter into personal intercourse With the as 2,000,000 feet of lumber. and Queen Alexandin have gladly fon humblest of lier subjects., Kihg Edward LIMBERING IS EXPENSIVE, the welcome result th Ic t El lowed that example: Thus conies about, numbering, in Danish neautegia, no_ politically speaking, as rcietivtoCillTewtvuorilse! cording to gee old-thners in the bthit. ing class as to any 014100 in the country, ness. requires a much greater °inlay and (hatnocities cherishes a more live- iventoteresht bed former days, etehgeshoresosiihogttlanftim6. fsof 1.0tv001•1;igsup,ontannotis loyalty towards its t coast and -inlets. At thet time a few teams of oxen could drag the tend trees The only reason many people aro pray - the sbott dielauee to the shore, whenee bng for 11/(1 victory bs because tileY wont 11 gWfa.ids caeasTilhYoufigr tVetnainvga 317y NPVIelirliti4t1111.1:i to'rret rV°tialstte(Iti' it:1111'8111g11114"t °t 175 t° SCh°°1 of thg lumber ic'arrihi•g ttit:Ittadt6.tirtico.xitetioaceldiv..6ibtytit thesd convoni, us .to tuutintlittmgalcueouls)roise:ks .before he. sets GAN TELL BY TIIE SOUNpS TRADES IN WilICII DEAF' PERSONS • HAVE NO MANCE, Many 'Rangers on Railways and. in Mines Are Averted by (be Tests Railway engoinf l e-die:Iveehrl:: have need of as keen a sense of bearing as they have • of sight. Especially is this the case itt foggy weather. Then their vision is of little use te them, and they have to de- pend upon the "song of the.,roacl"-the sounds peculiar lo certain sections of the line -in piloting their train -loads of passengers to safely. 1113 also possible to detect faults to Ibm Npvehlemellasz.ient way by the sounds of lIseThis sixth sense, which is 'more than more hearing, is of the utmost value to others besides engine -drivers. During foggy weather at sea the pilot aboard a vessel has nothing but his ear to guide hint as to the direction to take. There is no rhythmical song of the road for him, but he Manages to avoid collisions all the same. Should the vessel be in a dangerous neighborhood, where bell -buoys are situated, and where thereis danger of colliding with traffic, a mon is sent deep down into the hold of the ship with an instrument very much like a megaphone. With this instrument to his 'ear the faintest sound from a bell-btioy can be detected, a fairly accurate idea of the vessel's distance from it can be esti- mated, and a safe course adopted. Without the megaphone, or in any other place in the ship, it is impossible to hear ANY INDICATION OF DANGER. The experienced engineer, ,and those in constant charge of machinery, can Id ll by the sounds made whether wheels and belts and pulleys are running in perfect order. The rhythmic regularity, besides the ,tone emitted, are sufficient guides that the engine is working sweetly. Any unfamiliar noise at once warns the engineer, who is not content uunfiteid. lthe cause of it is detected and 'rec- It is so with the watch and clock re- pairer. By its tick the experienced workman can tell instantly, what is wrong with the works of any timepiece. The wheel tester. employed by railway companies is another -whose sense -of hearing is all important in helping him to earn a livelihotel. As he passes from carriage to carriage, giving each wheel a smart tap with his hammer, he can judge by the "ring" of the metal, not only whether this important part Is free from flaws or 'cracks, but also whether it has recently been subjected to any severe strain. Briclunakers and builders test the soundness of bricks mainly by the ear. If a brick gives a .dull sound when struck a quick blow with a trowel or other instrument, it is a sign that there is some fault in its manufacture, but a sharp. metallic ringing sound is proof that it is both strong and well made. One of the ways, too, by which the Admiralty test small steel castings in- tended for machinery is by dropping the articles from a height of twelve feet or more oh n a hard, macadamized road. If a good, ringing sound does not re- sult, THE CASTINGS ABE REJECTED. There are thousands of telephozie girls who may truly be said to live by their ears, and telegraph operators are in the same category. Should the mis- fortune of deafness overtake any of the workers in these occupations, he or she must immediately relinquish the busi- nreoxeACi otsefsn.n.top t, to those men who climb to the the same„ applies, to a smaller s and see to the arranging of telephone and telegraph wires. By the sound given out by the wires, more- over, they can tell whether any fault is present in any line. .The inspector for a water company is another whose hearing must be keen for him to be successful in his duties, and particularly in locating leaks in mains and pipes. Going to the area which the inspector knows to be at fault, lie places a steel bar about a foot long, and half an inch thick, which acts as a sort of stethoscope, upon the sus- pected pipe, and is able by its means to determine exactly where the leak oc- cursn' Uclerground workers, such as sewer - men and miners, have to depend very largely 'upon their hearing for detecting faults and dangers. The ominous "swish, swish," as the water rushes along the sewer with increasing volume and noise, is sufficient warning ot the sewerman to al once climb the ladder leading to a manhole. A 1.En...e. IN THE PIPES can be similarly discovered by the sound of the "plosh" made by the falling wol er. To the 'miner strange noises under- ground are synonymous with danger. One of his greatest fears is of falling walls, roofs and lime. Particularly is 'this so in the mining of thick beds of salt, gypsum, coal and the like, by means of what is known as "square work," where Noma about 15 feet square, and having pillars 30 feet thick es supports between them, are opened out froze the gangway. In these, cross - galleries are driven as high as the vein - matter will allow and within them lies the danger from tottering walls and unsteady floors. - Here, above all pla.ces in •the mine, the worker may be said to toil with his ears. Any queer noise he regards as warning. The merest "creak" will send him scampering to a safe place.in tho. galleries until it as advisable tor him: to return end remedy the fault ae quick - trained env has detente& • The handy men employed on sub- marines are others who must rely large, ly upon then hearing foe discovering leaks and faults aboard. In' this they are assisted by white mice, which are kept in the neigbborhood of the gaso- lene tanks, and sevve as the eentriee of the ,lower regions. Weenever a leak °emirs the mice eemnienee to squeal icuteldhlY Iltose t ont wlichielec oarsiatil) r.-11)057 r - Seine Weekly. LEADING MARKETS BREA, DSTUFFS. Toronto, July 17.--Flour-Ontar10-93 per cent. patents are quoted at $3.10, buyers' bags, for export. ManitOba- $4,40 to 34,00 for first patents, $4 to $4,10 for seconds and $3,00 to $4 for bakers'. Bran--Ontario-Dull, $15 to $15.50 in bulk, °Weide ; shorts, $1.7.50 to $18, Wheat -Ontario -No, 2 white and red is held at 80c, with 70e to. 70Xe bid; spring, 75e, and goose, 7310 74e. Oats --Easier, No. 2 white quoted at 38 to 30c outside. Rye -Nominal, 02 to Ole outside. Barley -Nominal, 40 to 510 outside for No. 2. Peas -Dull, 80 to $2e outside. Wheat - Manitoba Unehanged, $5e for No. 1 Northern and 83e for No, 2, lake ports. Coen-Anierican No. 2 yellow, sox, to 60e, Toronto COUNTRY- PRODUCE. Butter -Receipts of butter continuer fairly heavy and prices are unehang4d. Creamery, prints 20e to 210 do, solids 19e to 20ei Dairy, prints .,....... .... lac to 17o Rolls ' 15e to 160 Tubs .,.. ... . ......... 140 to lac Cheese -12X to 123c per lb. Eggs -18 to 19c per dozen. • Potatoes -Quotations are unehanged. at $1 for Ontario and $1. to $1.10 for Quebec. 13aled Hay -No. 1 timothy is quoted at $10 per ton in car lots -here and mixed at $7.50. Baled Strip,v-$5.50 to $6 per ton for car lots here. MONTREAL MARKETS. Montreal, July 17. -Oats -No. 2, 43 to 43%c; No. 3, 42%o; No. 4 41% to 41Xc. Peas -73c f.o.b. per bushel, 78 per cent. at 51e. Corn -No. 3 mixed, 56%c; No. 3 yel- low, 57Xc ex track. Flour -Manitoba spring wheat pa- tents, 34.60 to $4.70; strong bakers', $4.10 to $4.20; winter wheat patents, $4.10 to $4.30; straight rollers, $2.90 to $4.20; do, in bags, $1.85 to -$2; extras, $1.50 -to $1.70. ' alfilfeed-Manitoba bran, in bags, 316.50 to 217; shorts, $20 to $21 per ton; Ontario bran, in bulk, 317; shorts, $20 to 320.50; milled mouillie, $21 to $25; straight grain mouillie, $25 to $27 Per ton. Rolled Oats -Per bag, $2.10 to $2.20 in car lots. Cornmeal -$1.30 to $1.40 per bag. Hay -No. 1, $9.50; No. 2, $8.50; clover, mixed, $7.50; and pure clover, $7 to $8. .Provisions -Barrels, • short cut, mess, $2150; half barrels do, 312; clear fat back, $22.50; long cut heavy mess, 321.50; half barrels do, $11.25; dry salt long clear bacon, lig to 12%c; barrels; plate beef, at $13.50; half barrels do, $7.25; barrels heavy mess beef, $11.50; half barrels do, $6.25 compound lard, 7% to 03o; pure lard, 11% to 12%o; kettle rendered, 12% to 14e; hams, 14 to 1534e, according to size; breakfast bacon, 16 (0 170; Windsor bacon, 16 to 16%c; fresh killed abattoir dressed hogs, $10.75 to $11; alive, $7.75 to $S per 100 pounds. Eggs -19 to 20e for selected stock, 13 to 14c for No. 2's, and. 16%e for straight receipts. BUFFALO MARKETS. Buffalo, July 17. - Flour - Quiet. Wheat -Spring, strong; No. 1 North- ern, 83e. Corn -Firm; No. 2 yellow, 58c; No. 2 corn, 5634 to 570. Oats- ; No. 2 white, 42%e; No. 2 mixed, 400. Canal freights -Steady. NEW YORK WHEAT MARKET. New York, July 17. -Spot steady; No. 2 red, 83%e elevator; No. 2 red, 84%e f.o.b. afloat; No. 1 Northern Duluth, 87%e f.o.b. afloat; No. 1 Northern Man- itoba, 89c f.o.b. afloat. LIVE STOCK MATIKETS. • Toronto, July 17. -Another light run of stook at the City Cattle Market this morning resulted in a rather firmer tone for the better classes of 'stock. Export Cattle -Choice are quoted at from '$4.80 to $5; medium to good $4.- 60 to $4.75, bulls $3.75 to $4, bulls, light, $3.5 to $3.75: cows, $3.50 to $4. Butcher Cattle -Choice, $4.60 to $4•80, medium to good, $4.25 to $4.50; bulls, $3 to $3.25; cows, $3 to $4; canners, $1.50 to $.1.75. Stockere and Feeders -$3.50 to $3.85; common, $3.75 to $3.25; short -keep feed- ers $4.60 to $4.80; heavy feeders, $4,60 to $4.70; stock bulls, $2 to $2.25. Mitch Cows-Cheiee, $40 to $50; com- mon, $30 to $35e springers, $25 to $40. Calves -3c to (le per lb. Sheep and Lambs -Export ewes are quoted at $4 to $4.25 per cwt., blacks at $3 to $3.50, and culls at $3 to $3.50. Spring lambs are quoted firm at 7e to No per lb. Hogs --Despite the fact that about a thousand hogs were on the market, prices were firm, advancing another 10e per cwt. Selects are quoted at. $7.70 and lights and fats at $7.45, fed and watered. FEMININE HOPE. 3ones-"It, is just impossible for me In keep a lead pencil. People are always borrowing, you know, and they always forget to return." Brown --"Why, never have any trouble. See, I've got a whole pocketful of pencils." Tones • -"Doesn't that prove just what I said?" ONE TO START wall Teacher -Suppose I gave you four pigeons, and then five more pigeons, how many would you have, Tommy? Tommy -Ten. Teacher -How do yOU make it? Tommy -I've got elle pigeon. home &l- eeway. METAL DOES NOT RUST. Wietal does not rust in Lake Titicaca, South America. A chain, an anchor, or any article of iron, if thrown in this lake end allowed to remain for weeks or months, is no height When taken tip ae' when it came freeh feont t,he fouxi• 014. -