HomeMy WebLinkAboutExeter Advocate, 1906-4-12, Page 2THE SIGNALS OF NATURE
LYITtri $IGNS WHIM THE WARY
LOOK OUT FOR.
-Fr
The Great Mississippi Storm o. 4784
Was Preceded by a Strange•
Moaning Sound.
.AA experienced farmer on the look -
'out for a farm shies at the sight of a
tallow covered with the reddish spikes
-of the sorrel. fle knoWs at once that the
aoil is poor and thin, and will cost
more than its crops will ever be worth
in fertilizers of various kinds,
Weeds .tell Hui a wiwie story at a
single glance. If the leaves of the colts
toot rear their heavy heads, he at once
suspeots the presence of thick, sticky
blew clay, hard to drain and cultivate.
Sandwort and thyme proclaim a hun-
gry, sandy soil; myrtle, the heaths, and
tormentilla tell of peaty land valuable
only for summer grazing; sheep's sorrel
speakAi iron, the valerian and ranun-
culus of marsh, while veroaica, silene,
tho hebrid poppy, and other similar
plants are sure signals of chalk arid
flint below tele surface..
For those who Weise eyes to see them,
kindly Nature bangs out signals of all
kinds. She only asks that men will use
their' eyes. If they can, and do so, she
will never betray them. She has both
good and bad signs, which are as plain
in their way as red or green lights to a
railway engine -driver.
For instance, what is called the low
country of the Northern Transvaal is
partly healthy partly feverish. In one
spot you may camp in safety for a
month, in another not a mile away the
dreaded fever will seize you in a single
TIIE FEVER -TREE.
Yet to uneducated eyes there seems
little or no difference in the outward as-
pect of the two places. But your old
prospector is never caught camping on
fever ground. He knows the fever tree
too well. The fever tree is an odd and
sinister -looking piece of vegetation, wiLh
twisted greenish trunk and branches,
and grows only in those spots where
kver mist hangs at nightfall.
lions and earthquakes wear, litse the
ram pulses of India, at the dates et the
sun spot maxima and minima. At, the
minimum in 1867 Mauna Loa, Vesuvius,
South America, end Formosa were ird
volved. At the maximum in 1872 Mar -
Unique and. Si. Vincent; in.1883 came the
frightful exolosiene of Krakatoa, aild, to
give a recent instance, the Martinique
eruption came at a Maximum of solar
disturbance.
Also just before an earthquake there
are Other and plainer warning signs.
Just before the catastrophe at SL Pierre
came news that the Martinique cable
was broken. This sort of thing has
happened more than once before sant-
tar visitations.
On the western coasts of South Amer-
ica, where earth tremors are censlant,
severe shocks are usually heralded by
disturbances of the sea,. Such heavy
quakes also almoet invariably happen
at high tide. In Hawaii, another vo11
canto centre, certain springs stop flow-
ing before an outburst. In the crater of'
Mauna Loa the lava always rises stead-
ily Tor some weeks before an eruption.
Indeed, it may truly be said that to
those who have eyes to see, Nature in-
variably gives due warning before
corning catastrophe of any kind. what-
soever.
A FAR-SIGHTED JAPANESE.
The Prescience of Saigo Taaamori Was
Remarkable.
So, too, in Florida, when a hunter is
traversing the immense swamps--'
"hanunocks," as they are called -which
cover huge tracts in the southern part
of that State, he searches for a spot
where pine trees rear their tall heads
among the cypresses and gums, There
he can camp and sleep in safety, though
to spend a night but a few hundred
yards away from the pines might mean
a bone -racking dose of ague.
Many an Australian explorer has been
saved from a horrible death by thirst
because he has known the water mallee.
This tree, though it may stand in the
midst of a burning desert, invariably
tells of water below the surface. If the
traveller be not too far gone to dig, he
will find, the precious fluid below the
mallee's roots.
A WARNING GROUND -SWELL.
The old shepherd crossing Dartmoor
or one of the Scottish moors travels
with dry feet, while the stranger is per-
fectly certein to tumble knee, perhaps
waist, deep into a horrible black com-
pound of mud and water. The shepherd
avoids the bogs, because he has learnt
to read Nature's danger -signal. He does
not walk on places where the -sphag-
num covdrs the surface, and so avoids
the pitfalls hidden beneath its pale green
fronds.
Most of us know something of wea-
ther signs, those warnings which are
hung out for all to read in the sky, and
yet how many never notice them at all,
so that when there ccmes a really great
convulsion of Nature they are caught
Imprepared.
That awful cyclone which overwhelm.
ed the great seaport of Galveston three
years ago, drowning thousands of
people, was heralded by an ammense
ground -swell, which was seen forty-
eight hours before the tempest broke.
SOUND THE INDIANS UNDERSTOOD.
The Mississinni storm of 1734, which
Is generally supposed to have been the
worst gale that has ever been recorded,
and the result of which wes to wipe out
nearly twenty settlements, flood ten
thousand square mites of land, and per-
manently change the course of the great
river, was preceded by a strange and at
the time inexplicable moaning, sound,
which went on for three days, and
seemed to come from the upper air, al-
though below all was still. The Indians
heard it, and left for the high ground;
tbe whites heard it, and stayed where
.• they were. and were drowned.
In the winter, British Columbia and all
The western slopes of the Rockies are at
times visited by a strong easterly wind,
Which, blosving off the warm surface of
the japan current, will rapidly melt the
enountain snows, causing sudden dis-
astrous floods. But no inhabitant of the
elopes is ever caught unawares, because
for many hours before the worm gale
There appear over the heads of the mom.
tains long lines and bands of the w-
eaned "Chinook" clouds. These are a
certain sign of the hot wind, and are
never known to fail.
'Desert dwellers are never surprised by
"kharrisin," or duet storm, unleee it
e omes too quickly to be avoided. Before
Inch a visitation the horizon changes
tolor, and according to th.e color, which
Varies from dull yellow to deep red, so
Will be the strength and fury of the
etorni.
As strange a danger -signal as may be
lound on the surface of thise,plehet is
The so-called "Que .brada Encentada,"
flte endhanted' ravine et the Taloa Val.
aey, in. Honduras, 'When rain is ap-
preaching there comes from this ravine
et. melodious, whistling sound, which
varies in intensity aecording es to
'whether the Orning storm will be heavy
or light. Before one of the terrific trot -
cal tininderstorme which at times de-
vastate •,taat part of the world, the
°sound is a deep organ note, which !s
heard Many miles aWay ixi every eke,c.
lion, • '
EARTHQUAKE WARNINGS.
Even earthOttaliCS and voleanie, ertips
tioneednost terrible of all Nature's visa
Wiens, do .not earne witheittdue warn- •
trig. Sir Norman Loekyer bus stated
that the friOst disestretts trolearde ey`ups
Shortly before the battle of Tsu-shima
Sirens, Admiral Kainimura related, in
Kobe, a story of his boyhood, which il-
lustrates, says the Japan Weekly Matt,
sometaing of the singeeness of 'purpose
with which the Japanese had for many
years been preparing themselves for the
struggle with Russia. It also throws
back to one of the earlier men of the
empire something of the glory of the
weds of Togo and Karnimura.
In the early days of the present reign
Saigo Talsamori, one of the Mikado's
generals and advisers, selected three
youths, whom he sent into the naval col-
lege in Tokyo: These three lads were
Yamamoto, Togo and Kamimura. The
three applied themselves diligently to
study, and were progressing satisfactor.
Uy when, in 1675, they heard, to their
dismay, that their patron, Saigo, had
severed his relations with the Mikado's
government, and a serious collision -
the Satsuma rebellion -appeared inevit-
able.
The three took counsel together. It
appeared to them that there were but two
courses open to them. If their patron
were in the right they must leave ev-
erything else and hasten tc his aid. If
Le were In the wrong they must pro-
test according to traditional Japanese
method -by committing euickle. TO
learn the truth of the matter they left
the college secretly, at night, and went
us Osaka, where, arriving penniless, they
applied for aid to Godai Tomoatsu, then
a celebrated Samurai merchant. .Godar
refused to help them, and they were in
despair; but that night the curtains of
the room in the inn in which they tat
were drawn aside, and a hand thrust in
a sum of money. Godai had refused from
policy, but took this means of helping
them.
They hastened to Satsuma, and there
confronted Saigo Takarnori. He was
indignant with them.
"I selected you as promising students,"
be said, and sent you to the naval col-
lege, not With any selfish purpose et
mine, nor yet for your own sakes, but
because the day will inevitably come
when Japan must measure her strength
with Russia, and it is incumbent upon
every true Japanese to prepare Vigor -
Misty for that crisis. In the naval dot -
lege you had only one duty to perform:
the duty of applying yourselves earnest-
ly to your tasks, and equipping your-
selves to serve your country in her time
et need.
"You have absconded from the college
in obedience to your own imaginings,
thus betraying the trust I reposed In
you and forgetting your duty as stu-
dents. Return at, once, and hencefor-
ward. whatever may happen, even
though mountains may crumble' and
rivers run backward. let nothing induce
you to turn from the path of serving
apart with all your might."
The three lads were dumfounded, but
the next day, furnished with letters
from Saigo, begging the authorities of
the college that the sin of insubordina-
tion might not terminate their careers
there, they Mend their Teet toward To-
kyo once more.
The prescience of Saigo was remark-
able. In the thirteenth year after that
exhortahen two of thofie ]ads earned
undying fame by crushing the naval
might of the very nation for contention
with whom be had selectedthem. The
third. Yamamoto, directed the country's
naval administration as minister of ma-
rine througthout-the conflict.
DEGENERATION OF MILK
IINGEwou$ MECHANICAL DEVICE
FOR PURIFYING T.
THE TALLEST MEN OF EUROPE.
The tallest men of Europe are found
in Catalonia, Normandy, Yorkshire, and
the Ardennes district 01 Belgium.
Prussia gets her tallest recruits from
Schleswig-Holstein, the original home
of the Anglo-Saxons; A.ustria from the
Tyrolese highlands. In Italy the pro-
gress of physical degeneration has ex-
tended to the upper Apennines, but the
Albanian Turks are still an athletic race,
and the natives of the Caucasus are as
sinewy and gaunt as in the days of the
ArgMoUts.
4'
LORD KITCHENER'S DOUBLE.
The chief police -inspector in one of the
South London divisions Is the liying
image of Lord Kitetioner. Ity a carious
coincidence his name is leach. It would
be impossible to distinguish' the two
men but, for a genial smile which is ever
present on the inspector's face, anti
which IS such a contrast to the usual
stern aspect, of the Indian Commander -
in -Chief.
*al 4
BALDWYN'S BED.
A gravedlgger of Alresferd; Handal
England, named Baldwyti, better known
as "Duke," who ha e just died, had not
slept in a bed for twenty years. His
usual reetieg-plade was an epee shed
outside the town, and his only coveting
a few Sacks; Oce,aelOnally he etelet in
neWieedug geave.
Description of Its Principal laeaturee,
and How the invention
Is Worked.
Among the new ideas which are being
wedged out tato practical reeults in Me
agricultural economy of Fiance there
is one which, in view of the wide reach-
ing importance of its results and appli-
eability to the dairying interests of other
countaies, seems worthy of a more than
passing notice, This is the desiccation
ot Milk, eggs, and other food materials,
Ly means of a ratichanical prooess widah
is accomplished by a machine invented
and perfected in the 'United States, but
which has thus far found its chief practi-
cal application in Europe and South
America. The economic iraportance
this method will be readily inferred from
a brief consideration of certain primary
facts whieh underlie the science of dairy -
lug.
Ordinary milk contains approximate
-
1.Y. 65.5 parts of water to 14.5 parts of
ether substances, namely:- Butter, 4.5
parts; casein, 4; milk sugar, 5.25; Otos-
phates and other salts, 0.75 parts. This
is the formula, of full rich milk.
Poor milk contains 87.5 parts water
end 12.5 parts of nutritive elements.
There are thus always about seven
pounds of water to be transported and
taken care of in milk for each pound cf
food material actually contained. More-
over, milk is, of all substances, one of
the most susceptible to fermentation
and deterioration. The mills first drawn
from the cow at each milking contains
a colony of bacilli sufficient; when the
waem liquid is left exposed to the dr
at its natural temperature, to quickly
flit the whole mass with
ported to any distance by 'sea or land,
ereserved indefinitely, end ready for use
et any moment, either by mixing with
flour in the preparation of many forms
et cooking, with ground materials in the
manufacture of cocoa and chocolates, (.1'
et being reconverted into liquid milk by
shnply dissolving in water at a temper,
aletre of 170 degrees Fahrenheit.
COSSACK AND WS WHIP
TUE PEACE -MAKER OF THE RUSSIAN
EMPIRE,
Flogging Out Rebellion in the Baltic
Provinces - Some Sad
Pictures.
The other day I called on a friend and
found with him a. man whose ,wan face
told a story of suffering and privation,
says a writer in The London News. He
had just arrived here from the Balite,
Provinaess, and gave a terrible account
of the punishment being meted out to
the revolutionists in ehat distracted part
of Lae Russian Empire; he himself svas
in danger of arrest, and preparing to
flee Me country.
The other day an eye -witness told me
of a eickening sight he had seen in a
Lettish village, the flogging of fifty pea-
sants with the nagaika. A, Cossack ands
this wail imnlement eminently practi-
cal, convenient to carry, and effective
in use. I was examining one the other
day; the handle, about a foot long, is
pleasant to grip, and the thong, some
eighteen inches in length, ends in a
small oval excrescence an eighth of an
inch thick, which is brought down edge-
ways on the wretch who is being beat-
en. It is also useful, in dispersing
crowds, for slicing ora an. ear at one
blow.
IThe peasants of whom I have spoken
received 25 strokes apiece. A school -
MYRIAD OF BACTERIA. mistress who had taught leer pupils re -
which provoke congulateen and volutionary songs, was given thirty-
five, and in another case a revolutionist
was nagaikaed until Me bones pro-
truded through the flesh. He died a
few hours after. •
Of course, if a Government keeps a
horde of mese ered savages in its em-
ploy they must occasionally be given 8.
little congenial occupation, and the
Cossack enjoys a spell of nagaika work.
The other day I saw one of ehem here.
handling Ids weapon in the manner of. a
man anxious for a chance of showing
his skill.
ale deterioration. To prevent this en-
dency, and to delay as far as possible
its effects, modern dairy practice em-
ploys two methods -the immediate chil-
ling of the milk in cold closed reserve-
tiand pasteurization, or partial etere
tieing by heating to about, 170 degrees
Fahrenheit, which paralyzes the micro-
organisms and retards their reproduc-
tion,so that milk which has been thus
heater can be preserved longer and
transported farther than in its natural
condition. Unfortunately, neither of
these processes prevents, but only re-
tards for a few hours, the inevitable al-
teration and degeneration of milk, sta-
tistics showing that with every possible
precaution taken 25 per cent. of all the
rnilk sent into French -cities and towns
from the surrounding country districts
J s- condemned and abandoned as hu-
man. food by reason of alteration.
Moreover, there is the peril which
may always lurk in the milk supply d
a city or district through contamination
with the germs of tuberculosis, scarlet
and typhoid fevers, all of which diseases
may infect the animals from which it
has been drawn. Modern science has
made aestrong stand against this source
re: danger, and most European office are
now provided with a special sanitary
milk supply, by which milk r,,,..,&-.,1ba
CAUSES OF REVOLT.
The molt in the Baltic Provinces has
been at bottom due to the enmity of the
subject, races for the German upper
classes, wile have fattened on them for
the last seven hundred years, a hatred
which Russia cannot •extinguish by
shooting and whipping the wretched
peonle who have at lase awned on their
taskmasters. Every- stroke of the
nagailsa renders the economic and so-
cial problems she should have boldly
faced more difficult of solution, and the
future of the Baltic Provinces is
gloomy in the extreme. •
And yet what could one expect?
What other course could Russia have
pursued under the circumstances? A
more civilized Power 'might have adop-
cows carefully inspected, fed, housed' ted less rough and ready methods, have
watered and cleansed is pelt up in sealed I elaborated some refined scheme of long
kettles under competent aupervision and drawn out trials, fines, imprisonments,
sold for the feeding of children and 1 and executions, not a evhit less effective
if less sharp; but, that murder, arson,
and pillage would not have been severe-
ly punished by any Government in
Europe is incredible,
adults in delicate health. But milk thus
prepared is of necessity limited in quan-
tity and costly, far beyond the reach ef
the poorer classes, whose infant chit:
dren die by thousands every year for
want of the protected and •
CAREFULLY INSPECTED FOOD.
Such were substantially the prevailing.
conditions when the invention alluded
to was introduced. Its principal feature
is a machine weighing about two tons,
which includes two steel cylinders five
feet in length by thirty inches in dia-
meter, set in a strong iron frame and
so adjusted that the faces of the two cy-
linders, which revolve in opposite direc-
tions, are about One -sixteenth of an,
inch apart. The cylinders are heated by
steam at a pressure, of three atmospheres
and introduced through the trunnions la
a temperature of about 240 degrees Fah-
renheit, sufficient to not only evaporate
almost instantly the film of milk dis-
tributed over the heated surface, but to
destroy effectually every germ that is
may contain.
Into the triangular space between the
rollers the milk is fed in the form diets
from the perforated supply tube or
through at a rate of from 80 to 100 gal-
lons per hour, the supply being varied
somewhat in Adcordance with the speed
at which the cylinders are run; that is,
from ten to flfteen turns per minute.
The milk, passing downward, by gravity
oozes slowly through the extremely nar-
row slit or space between the cylinders,
is taken up by adhesion to the heated
'surfa.ce passes around under the cylin-
der, and appears in a thin, almost in-
visible, film of dried milk, having about,
the thickness of heavy vapor, which.,
Noon' three-fifths of the cylinder's revo-
lution has been completed, is shaven or
peeled off from the steel Surface by a
knife or serener adjusted by set screws
so as to clear the surface of the.cylin-
der without cutting or abrading the
metal. The white film of dried milk,
peeled up .and turned backward by the
knife, falls into a receptacle .below each
cylinder, whence ft is removed, passed
throtigh a coarse sieve, and becomes
the completed product,
on FLOUR OF MILK,
containing butter, caseine milk sugar
and phosphates in their extrazt peeper -
bons as provided by the liquid milk.
One hundred litres awenty-two gal-
lons) ot full rich mak will yield thirteen
kilograhts (27.8 pounds) average of meal
containing twenty-eight to thirty' pee
cent. of butter. A mixture of equal
parts of full milk and Skimmed nilik
will yield for erry twenty-two gallons
of such mixture, twenty-three pounds
of ineal containing a complement • ef
easeiste; sugar and phosphates, with
about sixteen per dent. 01 butter. fn
both Cage's the prOdUct IS a white dey,
hornogenedus flout, or powder contain-
ing about thirty-seven pee cent of nit-
rogenotts Miter, fortioemieri per cent,
saccharine element, having abolit one.-
seyenth of the weight Of the liquid milk
'fromwhiett it wee condensteda an cap-
able of being Vet up in tin ono, (tamp
ANOTIJER SIDE.
No one could see the misery of the
peasants without feeling that they had
good reoson to make some effort to
alleviate it; yet it was impossible to
hear. the stories of suffering and ruin
told by the nobility of the country with-
out pitying their fate. On one occasion
I was in a house at Riga., where a Ger-
man baron had taken shelter. He had
arrived that day, he was too dazed and
ill to tell how, but he had managed to
give some accouat of his attempt to es-
cape from his chateau when it was at-
tacked by the peasants, . He le•ft 11 as he
thought unnoticed, and drove across
the snow-covered Country until con-
fronted by a barricade blocking the road.
Peasants quickly surrounded him,
out df his sledge, ,stripped him naked,
and drove him into the pine woods M
the icy winter weather.
I saw his 'wife, a young girlof groat
beauty, but, recently, rna.rried. It was
not known whether her husband would
recover. Her home was destroyed, and
the melancholy expression of her dark
eyes told a secret of suffering width an
outwardly calm manner could not con-
ceal
Liberty has her victims as well as her
martyrs, and it is no sign of weakness
to bestow on them a due tribute of pity,
TONGUE TWISTERS.
Some elocutionist has made a collection
of more then two hundred "tongue
twisters":
"A. growing gleam glowing green."
"The bleak breeze blighted the bright
broom blossoms."
"Flesh of freshly dried flying fish."
"Six thick thistle sticks."
"Two toads tried to trot to Tanury.'
"Give Grimes Jim's great gilt gig
whip."
"Strict, strong Stephen Stringer snared
slickly six sickly silky, snakes."
"She stood at the door of Mrs. Smith'a
fish shop welcoming him in."
The Crest three are the gems of the cola
lection. It is said to be impossible for
anyone to repeat them rapidly,
•
WILLFULLY MISUNDERSTOOD.
“They're in reduced circumstances, of
course, but their family is a very old
one and proud, even if they him Iota
of debts. They date back to the time
at William the Conqueror."
"The debts, you mean? f dondeubt
that."
POSSIBLE,
leo you know," remarked. the Mother
et the new baby, thoughtfully, "I be-
lieve he has his father's heir,"
"I wouldn't be stirprised," /Tailed nie
candid friend; "his fathet certainly
hasn't got it noWl"
JOHN BULL GROWS SOBER
TIIE, DRINK BILL 11.5 VERY
Detrease Shown in Figures for Six
Years. -Zoy.
ilelions Less
John Dull is showing an increasing
tendency to shun the flowing bowl.
Once a hard drinker, and a kind of
"hltyomi:ireiciexample" to other nations, ha
is in a fair wey to becoming a model of
so
This fact Was statecl with some em-
phasis by the Chancellor of the Exche-
quer In his budget speech last year, and
a ripple of surprised comment ran
round the eountry. But most people
were incliaed to be sceptical as to Me
possibility of the teadeney being other
than temporary and. accidental.
The optimists, however, have been
justified in rejoicing, as the rettirns for
1905 now show. Dr. Dawson Burns, by
moons of a convincing array of statis-
tics in the London Times, shows Mat
there has been a marked decrease for
six consecutive years in the amount of
intoxicating liquoi's consumed.
H0
190ere aro the decreases :-
101199:0541
1902
1903
Tempdrance party 'agitators, however,
need not too hurriedly assume that Mai
is the result of their exhortations.
BICYCLE HAS DONE IT.
The cjcle, in fact, appears to be a
more effective agent than any philan-
thropic or political organization.
-Cyclists soon learn that the water or
moderate drinker has better staying
power than the man who calls at most
of the inns on the way; and pedestrians,
who, in these days of athletic revival.
are an increasing body, learn the same.
lesson.
Never, too, has the desire 01 1116 youtbs
of the country to keep tb.emselwes "fit"
been stronger.
But, although tae improvement is
apparently common to all classes, the
number of heavy drinkers in the con -
try is still very considerable.
The average expenditure per head on
intoxicating liquors last year was 43
15s. 1130. As children lake extremely
little, and there are "hundreds of thou-
sands of abstainers, those outside the
ranks of moderate drinkers, who raise
the average to this high figure must
consume quantities to be classed as
"prodigious."
SCOTCH AND IRISH.
Sweet:linen and Irishmen, it appears,
notwithstanding the reputation that
clings to them, drink considerably less
than Englisfunen-3 is. 9d. a head for
Scotland and 43 Os. 100. for Irelandeas
against £3 19s. 10d. for Englancl-al-
though they lake a larger proportion of
spirits.
Even Glasgow, so often held up as a
baleful example, drinks less than Liver-
pool, with a slightly smaller popula-
tion, and very little more than Birming-
ham, the population of which is far be-
low that, of the Scottish commercial
capital. •
BACTERIA AND FLIES.
Interesting Experiments Carried at
Johns Hopkins University.
The story that flies were entirely harm-
less and were useful in the role of scav-
engers was prevalent for many years.
But with the coming of bacteriology tids
was exploded and the fly was looked at
askance, though the exert!, amount of
hum which the familiar insect did was
not known.
There have been many experiments
made 10 ascertain this feet, but the most
recent were carried on at johns Hop-
kins University. A box which had been
divided into two peels was prepared. - In
one side was exposed some food mater-
ial, which was infected with a species
of imendess bacteria easily recognized.
In the other side was placed a dish con -
Mining a sterile nutrient, such as is
used as a culture medium for bacteria.
Common house flies were confined in the
first compartment, and as soon as they
were seen to alight upon or eat Of be
food which had been infected they were
allowed to go through a small door into
the other side of the box so that they
might have the opportunin:Ityetit:kio‘uthnicioc.hsheThehi.ilde
resultcont ae twSaVsi titlhiar Clot atbuarcet e a
been deposited upon the sterile nutrient
multiplied there and produced charac-
.
eierisinents were further car-
terTishteisc6coolxopn
lied out by platting a dish of molasses
with which had been mixed yellow bac-
teria in thee side 01 1110 box with a dozen
flies. Half ari hour later the door' con-
necting the two sides was opened and
the fliee allowed to' come in contact with
the sterile nutrient. As soon as this
was accomplished the dish was covered
and put away to develop. A few (*s-
later it wale examined snd oVer a hun-
dred nOloaties of yellOw bacteria' had
formed on the sterile nutrient. The
same experiment was repeated with red
and violet cultures with. the Sante rNeahlilelth.
It wasni
•proved that, the gers from v
these colonies grew came from 016
fected material in the first compartment
anci ini°111°1111.1.('inar
groups
from
.of files
aNcvecildeenatanlotsvoolcihiructtoesv‘.e?
emoriretcateeed nault1rdienuti,6
yellow, red
arid violet colonies were not produced.
Vernier proof that the flies were the only
mons of tranemating the bacteria Wes
made- by Wading the infected material
ire the first compartment, lixit' with no
flies. The result 1\ ,f1S that the dishes al
rivarient in this case produced no Wide
140TWATE1 SUPPLY.
The first co-operather systeni of hot
water supply in this ereintry is to be
instelled at kells, Waitehaven, Eng-
land, in thirty -LW° minetse! cottages,
Wilt for the Earl of ',amanita Het 'Wa-
ter' for elf the hOuses will be aUPplied
frOM One boiler, ated the arrneigement
is C7,tpected to /prove econoMleal and
COnVenient.
41,046,031
3,142,953
2,238,420
5,054,546
5,458,100
4,819,224
on
---seseweee
VAD:11%.:. .1411.KUS'.
13READSTLIKS.
Toronto, kpril 10. - Flour -Export-
ers are paying $3.05 for 90 O'er cent.
Coterie patents, buyers' bags, Manitoba.
$4.30 to 84.50 for first patents and, $3.-
90 to $4 for seconds, --
Bran - $19 was bid, Termite, bags
included,
Wheat, - Ontario --- 770 bid, 0,1?. R.
poiats for red and for NO. 2 white out-
side, 773/0 asked, 77c bid for mixed,
Wheat - Manitoba -- 820 asked, 810
bid for Na. 1 northern, Point Ectivarde
May shipment; No. 2 northern, 80aec bid
Same Miens.
Barley - Feed, 47c bid North Bay,
Oats - 35eac asked outside for No. a
white,
COUNTRY PRODUCE.
-
Butter - The market continues steady.
Creamery 25e to 26c
clo solids 23c to 24c
Dairy lb. r011s, good to choice, 180 10 19c
do large rollsee. 170 to 18e
do medium .. 1.0a to 17c
Cheese - 14a for largo and 1.4edsc Inc
twhlS
Eggs - New laid are quoted at lac
and storage at 13c.
Poultry - Choice dry plucked turkeye..
are up to 16c to '18c, fat chickens la
higher at 12c to li3c, thin 7c to Sc; fat
hens, 8c to • 9c, thin tic to 70, ducks I.2c
to 13c.
Potatoes - Ontario selling at 65e to
75e per bag on track here, and 75c to..
85c oat of store; eastern, 70c to 80c on
track and 10e more out of store.
Baled "'Hay - $8 to $8.50 for No. 1
irerneo.thy, and $a for No. 2 in car lots
• Baled Straw --35.50 to $6 per ton for
car lots on track here.
MONTREAL mAnKsTs.
Montreal, April 10. - Grain - Good
ciNetrilesaats.id by cable for Manitoba spring
v
03rdx0
s -; No. 2, 39eac; No. a, 38Xc; No.
7
Peas - 76c f. o. b. per bEshel.
Barley - Manitoba, No. 3, 490 to
49;40; No. 4, 48c to age; Ontario, 46et
f.o,b. 73 per cent. points.
Corn - American mixed, 51Xc; No.
2 yellow, 52c, ex -track.
Flour - Manitoba spring wheat pat -
to $4.10; winter
ai.50; straight rollers
tints, $1.50 to te4N.N.6101e;asitts,pe:arttgettlIltbit.41:.8ler04%.;2'
d o$I
in bags, $1.75 to $1.8'5; extras, $1.65 to
$111
75.6feed - Manitoba bran, in bags,
$19. to $20; shoets, $20 to atel per ton;
Ontario bran, in bulk, $18.50 to $19.50;
shorts, $20, milled =Mlle, $21 to $24;
straight grain mouille, 825 to $27 per ton.
Rolled Oats - Per bag, 81.80 to $LAV
in car lots, $2 to $2.05 in small lots.
Cornmeal cc $1.30 to $L40 per bag.
Hay -- No. 1, 88 to $8.50; No. 2, $74a
$7.50; clover, mixed, $6 to 56.50, and
pure clover, $6.
Cheese. New -made fodder cheese
sold at 12c to 12Xc in country. Local
quotalions unchanged at 18c' to 13e4c.
Butter --- New milk butter is' selling
well at 22egc to 230; ord creamery, good
quality, is bringing 21c to 21X,c; infer-
ior grades'190 to 20%a..
Eggs - Fresh receipts were quoted at
16%c to 17c.'
Potatoes - Per bag of 80 e)ouncis, 60e
to 65c.
Honey - White clover, he comb, 13c
to 14c per pound section; extract, 80 to
lace buckwheat, ad to 6Xe.
Provisions - Heavy Canadian short
cut pork, $21.50; light short cut, $20; Am-
erican short cut, $20; American cut clear
fat back, $20; compound lard 70 to 7Xc;
Canadian pure lard, 11%c to 11X -c; ket-
tle rendered, 12%c to 12afc; hams, 13a
to 1.44c, according to size; breakfast
bacon, 16c; Windsor bacon, 15c; frese
killed abattoir dressed hogs, $10.25 to
510.50; cotintry dressed, $8.75 to $9.25;
e.live, $7.75 to $7.85 for selects.
BUFFALO MARKET.
Buffalo, April 10. -- Flour -- Quiet
and steady.' 'Wheat - Spring unsettled;
No. 1 Northern, 85c, carloads. Corn -
Strong; No. 2 yellow, 513ac; No. 2 corn.
50Xc. Oats --Dull; No. 2 white, 35acc;
No. 2 mixed, 34a. Barley and rye -No
offerings.'
....BO O..
NEW YORK WHEAT mAraor.
New York, April 1.0. -Wheat Spot.
market firm; No. 2 red, 83c bid in eleva-
tor, No. 2 red, 90c nominal, f.o.b. afloat;
No. 1 northern Duluth, 89c 1.0.11. afloat.
CATTLE MARKET.
Toronto, April 10. --Prices continued
steady for butchers', but owing to ah
alleged weakness isi the English markel.
an easier tone was noticeable in expor-
tees'. Best exporters' were worth $4.80
to $5.15; medium, $4.50 to 54.75 per cwt.
Quotations for butchers' cattle were as
follows :-Choice, $4.90 to $5.50; good
loads, 34,50 to $4.85; medium, 34.15 to
$4.45; good cows, $3.50 to $4.25; me-
dium cows, $3 to $3.50; common ,cows.
$2.50 to $3.25 per cwt. A straight load
of butchers' were sold by Wilson,
Mayben and Hall for $5.50 per cwt.
Short -keeps were quoted at $4.30 to
34.70; medium weight feeders, $3.90 to
$4.25; stockers, 53.50 to $3.65; stock
calves, 33 to $3.60 per cwt. Calves were
easy at $3 to $6. Export ewes, $5.25 to
$5.75; cults and bucks, $4.50 to 85; grain -
fed Iambs, $7.25 to $7.75 per cwt; Spring
lambs., $6 to $7; ench.
flogs were 'Steady and enchanged.
QuiotaIgiohnis, $sw7rp•r
oee:-0Swetiocts, $7.25; feta
and
ll
ISLAND OF BTACK CATS.
Chantal Tslarid, off the Coast of Be -
trader, South America, abounds he data,
everir one of which is black. Th.eeb
anirnals live irt the crevices of the lava e
formation near the .ociaSt., and subsist
by catchitig fish and, crebs, irisload ol
rats and mice.
cliANOINd TIfli SUDIECt.
"nut cannibaiwn, is all wrong," saki
the inissionery, repreachfully, When.
lifted to a dinner composed of a fat
member of the tribe.
' "Sit down and Id us discuss itte sub-
ieet,a said the cnorilbal king. with 1 it
evident enjoyment, ot hie little pleas.
tin try,