HomeMy WebLinkAboutExeter Advocate, 1904-2-18, Page 6About the
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TESTED RECIPES,
White House Cookies.---thie cup
noon of butter .and Senor; the Yoll°1
ol three eggs and whites Of two; two
'teaspooinids of vanilla and the Sarni
quantity of baking powder, two tab-
leepoonfuls of sweet cream, and flour
emough to make the dough roll well.
Beat, the white of the left -out egg te
etill froth, Molt over the dough,
dust with powdered sugar and bake
in a, fairly hot (Min.
GOOd aookies.---Two cups Moir;
Mie cup each of butter and sour
.creann three eggs; one tectePoonall
soda. Mix soft, roll rather thin, sift
granulated sugar aver them, gently
roll thin, and, bake, Sour milk can
be used in place of the cream, but
the cookies will riot be quite so rich.
Nut Oahe.—Cream ono cup of but -
tee with two cups -of granulated su-
gar; beat four eggs, yolks and whites
separe,•tely; add the yolks with a half
cup • of milk to the creamed butter
axed Sugar. Add n. cup of .chopped
and seeded raisins.and cap of chop-
ped hickory nut meats, two cups of
flour and he the whites of teggs, beat-
en stiff. Flavor with the grated rind
of lemon and a teaspoonful of lemon
juice, This makes olle lerge ,or two
small loaves of 'a delicious cake that,
frosted, will keep for Weeks Without
deterioration. No soda or baking
powder is used. The Country Gentle-
man vouches for this as a thorough-
ly reliable recipe.
Cheese Onielet.-Beat the yolks of
three eggs, add three tablespoonfuls
of Milk and a little salt, then the
beaten whites. Melt one dessert-
spoonful of butter in a frying -pan;
when bubbling pour the omelet,
lot it cook till a light brown under-
neath:. Sprinkle over the top one
or -two tablespoonfuls of grated
cheese. Place in . the oven to dry,
fold and serve very hot.
Soft Toast. -Toast evenly a light
brown some slices of stale bread,
cut rather thin; put them on a hot
plate and poer over them boiling wee
ter; cover quickly with another plate
and drain off evei‘ynlrop of water; re-
move the upper plate and butter the
toast, set it in the oven for a. mo-
ment; and serve covered with a hot
plate.
Econonay Pudding. -One-half pound
of rice, one pint of milk, one-half
pound of sugar, some preserve; boil
the rice in water till nearly soft, then
add the milk and boil again, stireing
.it the time; add the sugar; dip
blanc -mange moulds in water, 1111with rice; when set, turn on to a
net dish; serve with preserve of any
kind, or sugar and cream,: or custctrd.
BETWEEN' -MEAL" CLOTH.
winch has beam and removed, is
another new and original decoration
for a bureau oe,dresser, The fouadae
tion of the cushion is of , thin•
board, oval shaped to lit the inside
of the frame, and Oa this are placed
,sereral inners of eottoa ,Wool, cover-
ed enaoothly With green velvet,: of a
pretty Rale sea -green shade, With tile
edges pested on the. under side. The
cushion 4 then fitted in the frame
end glued in place,
, A dresser scarf is made of four
or five strips. of scrim, according to
the width and length of the &cisme,
and hemmed by maehine. The stripe
are then basted onto- stiffening and
connected by faggoting with cream
Or colored thread, The same kind
of thread is used for the fringe which
finishes the edges and is made by
'hand.
Where the dining table is cleared
and reset a,t every meal, its appear-
ance between times is a matter of
concern to the housekeeper, especial-
ly since the old-fashioned spread,
which certainly had a, cosy, homey
look, is tabooed in the present. The
highly polished surface of the table
is thought so ornamental that it
must not be covered up, and in con-
sequence the housekeeper .has a, new
anxiety in the care of that same
highly polished top.
A hot dish, a little hot water, •et
drop of alcohol, produce a mark on
the surface which is anything but
ornainental and which is not easily
removed. Precautionary measures
are required, and thick "hush cloths"
or table pads are indispensable, A.
very thick cotton pad is 'woven espec-
ially for the purpose, which with
asbestos table mats proves a, groat
belp. The asbestos mats are slipped
into embroidered linen cases and thus
become ornamental, or embroidered
pikes are laid over them. Heavy
crocheted mats are often employed,
and mats of coiled corset laces aro .
mgeful, on account of their thiekness.
Sometimes a thick blanket is laid
macler the regular hush cloth; in
fact, • the housekeeper takes every
possible means to protect the varnish
of her table.
But, this top must be displayed so
the cover is relegated to obscurity,
and a square or circle of embroider-
ed linen, of Battenberg work or of
renaissance lace, not too Ierge, is
put in the centre, and a small. but
handsome jardiniere stands upon it.
• This is the only decoration admis-
sible. Often the table is entirely
bare, the owner's eye gloating eon
its nairror-like surface. The children
are forbidden to touch it; "Hands
off" ia the cry, and rubbing and
polishing and dusting are added to
the housekeeper's tasks.
Oh for "the good old days" when
"things" were not "in the saddle,"
encl riding poor tired housekeepers to
death! The elegance and elaborate-
ness which can be secured by the rich
only arid which we try to imitate in
our humbler way is driving women
to despair, The "girl" becomes
more and in.ore necessary to relieve
the bard -win -Red woman, and she
grows less and less obtainable.
TOILET TABLE A.CCESSORTES,
• One Of the prettiest of novelties for
the toilet table is a. roat Simulating a
rug in dorm and mode of making,
colepOsed Of narrow silk and satie
ribbon or .different shades, braided
end sewed together to form ea ,oval
u»deriny for various knicickneelen
The ribbon is braided in four strandS
aa follows; The fleet three strips ere
braided as ordinarily, 1,Vbieli brings
the first Strip next to the 'fourth; the
fourth IS then timed under the first
• cold tised .aa the third strip in the
mixt turn, While the drat tahcs the
place, of the fourth; again, braid as
ordinarily, beginning at the left and
• Pepe:at as before, turning What is
aoW the fourth under as Jil the first
turn.
A plecushion fantened in the -freone
,aff eine) hand lairree, the glass of
WEIGHTS OF GROCERIES.
Ton common -sized eggs weigh one
pound.
Soft butter the size of an egg
weighs one ounce.
One pint of coffee and sugar weighs
areelye ounces.
One quart of sifted 'dour (well heap-
ed) weighs one pound.
One pint of best brown sugar weighs
thirteen. ounces. .
Two teacups (well heaped) of cof-
fee and sugar weigh ono pound.
Two teacups (level) of granulated
wager weigh one pound.
Two tecteups Of soft butter (well
packed) weigh one. poemd.
One and one-third pints of powder-
ed sugar weigh one pound.
Two teblespoonfels of powdered su-
gar or flour weigh one ounce.
• One tablespoonfal (well rounded) of
soft butter weighs one. ounce.
One pint (heaped) of granulated
sugar weighs fourteen ounces. e '
Pour teaspoonfuls are equal to one
tablespoonful.
Two and one-half teacups (level) of
the best brown sugar weigh one
pound.
Two Mid three-fourths teacups (lev-
el) of powdered sugar weigh one
pound.
One tablespoonful (well heaped) of
granulated or best brown sugar Nu-
ala 0130 ounce.
One generous pint of liquid, or one
pint of finely chopped mean packed
solidly, weighs one pound.
HINTS TO HOUSEKEEPERS.
By renaoving the sinews from the
leg of a, turkey or chicken, the
"drunnstick" is made one of the
choice tid-bits. To do this, take the
foot of the turkey in tbe left hand,
reverse side up. Out 'the ••skin all
around exactly over the sinews at the
knuckle; now cut One long slit from
the foot to the knuckle, take each
sinew separately -there are seven -
and pull.
Where the new plan of roasting the
turkey with a couple of stalks of
celery in his interior instead of the
usual staining is employed, the stuff-
ing is made and baked separately, to
be served with the meat carved.
One may have warm 'riz biscuit"
for tea these cold nights by making
them up when the hread is made in
the Morning, and letting rise all but
.the last time. Set them in a cool
place till just before tea time, then
put into a rather brisk oven to bake.
'Or, after the dough has risen ready
to mold into biscuit set it away in a
cool place till wanted, then makeup.
The dough must not freeze, of course,
but will keep several days in. cold
weather.
Rice aild tapioca make agreeable
&tinges from thee:inevitable pie these
days, and ,apple tapioca, served with
cream, is a delicious dessert.
71:1-r COUPLE IN THE NOON.
Only Head and Bust of the Two
Figures are Shown.
' People of artistic sense and refined
taste are no longer disposed to tol-
erate any allusions to the rotund
and jocular visage of the "mak in
the moon." The time has gone by
for that childishanso. .The demand
of to -day is for art, and if you are
bound to find art in whatever , you
look at, it must sooner or later tip: -
pear -even in such an effete object as
the moon. Strange as it may seem
to such as are not on familiar terms
with the Nimes thereof, there is
now on exhibition -on evenings When
the curtain of the sky is not drawn
-•a very Wel of est in the centre of
tile silvery orb, portraying with a
delicacy like that of an engraving -a
refined human couple whose faces are
near enough to, be "eignificant of
neac,h."
There is an iteethetie discovery
worth noting, for most of the
moon's familiars liave never seen
aught more interesting tbere than a
lady unattended. That is because
they did not use their opera glEtanes.
From the observer's etandpoint the.
•ngure on the right, which is the
more. prominent of the two, is un-
mistakably feminine, with the Mee of
tbree-quarters front ancl eyes looking
down. The figure on the observer's
left, winch does not stand out so
plainly -for reasone best known to
the owner -is nietinetly mannish,
with face turned anxicanly toward
the interesting and perhaps blushing
one. • Both figures show the head
and bust only, aain the pose of each
is 'distinctly. As to size, the femin-
ine ligure seeins nearly two-thirds
the 'diemeter of the nmon's disk,
from the, crown of the head to tire
wait.
HOW RELICS OF THE RA.TTLE
• ARE PRESERVED,
,Aptitude o Hotelkeepers in SuP'.
plying Demand For
ouvenirs
Waterloo and lace are the two
great attractions diet draw thoue-
ands of tourists .to Breese's every
year. There are of course- other ob-
jects Worthy of attentiori in the cepa
tal of the little Belgian kingdom., its
wide boulevards, liariclsome perks,
and artistic headings are remiaiscent
of Paris, so much eo that to term
"le 'petit Paris" has been, generally
accepted as deecriptive of the beau-
ties of Brussels.
There are three ways of redlining the
battlefield of •Waterloo, , by rail, by
steam tram car, or by chech. ' The
trip by coach is decidedly preferable,
as one gets an, excellent opportunity
to see the country and observe farm
and village life in Belgium. It is sel-
dom difacult to secure seats, far if
the one regular and stylish oach Is
filled, two old-fashioned. 'vehicles of
ample dimensions will be orougin in-
to service, it is always an attrae-
tine sight to see the coach as it
leaves the Place. Royal to the neisical
echoes of the horn .as the farewell
blast is blown, but when he three
coaches are in liae there is alweys
big crowdon hancl to cheer the de -
paining visitors.
The field of Waterloo is e.hout
twelve nines from Brussels, and the
coach Rise there and back issorely
reasonable enough, seven trance
about $1.40, with an extra inane for
the driver. This, of course, does
not include the table d'hote . lunch'
at the bustling Museum Hotel, where I
the coaches stop preparatory 10 a
partial inspection of tile ileld; lici-
t/3er does at assist en, reducing , the
numerous half -franc admissions which
(neer so frequently as to eause leen-
der and consternation to chose not
possessing a comfortably .filled !Jock-
etbook.
• If the road to Waterloo, after leav-
ing the park, were only as comfor-
table to the body as the beauties of "
nature are to the eye, the limit of
perfection would be reached. Every
foot of tbe road, except a nareow
strip at one side, is paved and with
such large, rough stones as to 'oc-
casion such a prodigious amount or
jolting that the mere memory of it
is misery. It is, :therefore, a crate-
ful relief to the passengers to • elatn-
ter down from their seats and enjoy
the freedoni of pedestrians when the
driver pulls up for his nrst stop at
an unprepossessing -looking inn in aim
unpicturesque
VILLAGE OF WATERLOO.
This inn, moreover, is the first war
museum that the tourist encounters,
and, although he may refine the li-
quid refreshment that, .a bustling
Frenchwoinan stands ready to provide
he cannot gracefully- escape the pay-
ment of his first extra half -franc for
the inspection of Waterloo souvenlin.
The battle was fought from three
to five miles beyond, but the village
of Waterloo has given. its name to
that momento-us struggle .of June .18,
eighty-nine years ago, because it was
the' Duke of Wellington's headquar-
ters previous to the battle, and many
of his letters and despatches 'were
sent from this inn. On that account
it is one of those places which must
be seen when doing the battlefield.
The museum consists of two rooms
innueclintely over tbe ground floor.
One is very small, and contains no-
thing of interest. • The other is con-
siderably larger. Seisms of old mus-
kets, sabres, and other destructive
weapons are suspended from the
walls. In glass cases, amid .a jumble
of minor relics, are two or three
Skulls and a number of small bones
plowed up in 1895, gruesonie remind-
ers, indeed, of that fearful carnage '
that has made the year 1815 mem.- 4
°rabic. All these,. however, aro of
secondary interest, compared to. the
three great relics in the room- two.
old bedsteads and one miserably tat-
tered arnichair. The latter was the
Duke of Wellington's 'chair when he
occuPien the *room, and a small desk -
is also shown which is said to have
been used by him.
The Duke slept M one of the beds b
previous to the battle although not „
on the eve of the conflict, for he was P
at the; famous ball given by the u
Countess of Richmond in'BrusSels.-
Upon the other bed, Col. Sir Alex-
ander ,Gordon, one of England's most
popular offners, died, a few hours
after being brought, inortally wound-
ed, to the house. Col. Gordon was
a brother of the Earl of Aberdeen,
and the day after the battle the
Duke wrotc a very 'touching letter: to
the Earl, informing him of his bro-
ther's death, adding: "re, lived long
enough to he informed by myself of
tile glorious result of our action, to
Which he had so much contributed by
his active and zealous assistanee."
RELICS OF THE rIGI-rr.
lop since di e r c rried
A few yards beyond this spot and
towering over everything else on the
battlefield is the mound of the Bel-
gian lion. The mound rieestWo hen -
deed feet above the surface, and so
muela earth was taken for• its erece
tion that the original level of • the
ground for uearlya mo
mile arund has
been lowered several feet, On top of
the nmen.a, upon a granite pedestal,
is the enormous Belgian •lien, weigh-
ing nearly twenty-eight tons, and
made from cannon captured from the
French during the conflict. It is a
simple., dignified, and majestic monu-
ment of the great battle that shaped
the destiny of Europe for the nine-
teenth century. A splendid -view of
all the points of interest 'over the
wide lield is obtained from its sum-
mit. The land presents no sharp
features beyond slightly undulating
hills, and it is cultivated almost ea-
tirely with grain. When seen in the
harvest season, the yellow, gently
Waving tops, spread over huedreds of
acres, present a wonderfully peaceful,
restful sight, and it is difficult to
imagine that this is the graveyard
of ovee
• 20,000 H.UIVIA.N BEINGS.
Wateeloo has always had a peculi-
ar fascinatioe for old soldiers, and
ever since the days of Major Cotton
co or more retired , English soldiers
have passed the cloeing years of
their lives there, eking Out a fairly
comfortable subsistence as ' guides,
The dean of his class now is an. old
but cheerful =wilier of a yiighland
regiment, He wears an imposing
costume of brown, heavily trinuaed
with black braid. His little cane is
never at rest as he .polerea hurriedly
here and there owe the field in the
midst of his fluent description of all
the military tactics employed by the
opposing armies. It is a genuine
pleasure to accompany him to Hou-
gomont, for the intensity of interest
which he ineuees into his words ,re-
calls the fearful charges of the
French and their heroic repulse by
the English with startling vividness.
The care that is bestowed • upon the
ruins ot Hougomont to keep them. iu
a properly ruinous condition is also
of material Aid in these reminiscences
of 1815.
The usual half -franc admission is
exacted before entering the gate of
the chateau. In New England 'the
terninchatean would be siniplified in-
to that of farmhouse. None of the
beauties, ancient or modern; that the
word cliateau anticipates is to be
seen. The -buildings are very plain,
and are occepied by. farming people.
The old thapel, now separated from
the nia,in house, is one of the most
interesting of the ruins. The French
Miens set fire to a portion of the
chateau, and before they were ex-
tinguished one end of the chapel was
burned and the wooden crucifix over
the altar was scorched. To this day
it is said that the flames stopped
when they reached the 61figure of
Christ. The figure has always re-
mained in its original place, but a
wire scenen -now protects it, for
about two years ago some tourists,
the guide refrained fromintinaatieg
that they were Americans, cut off one
of the legs. The image has been re-
paired, and a, closer watch is kept
over the ruins of Hougomont.
THE FIGHT AT THE ORCHARD.
Tbe brick wall surrounding the in-
ner orchard is still perforated with
the same loop -holes through which
tile British fire mowed down the
French as they came up to the very
muzzles oi the guns, some, indeed,
leaping- upon the wall only to meet
instant death. The Isrench never got
aside the •orchard. •Napoleon sacri-
ficed thonsands of his best troops in
a vain effort to capture this impro-
vised fortress. If not the key to the
Britiela position, it was one of the
most important points. Had Napol-
eon been successful, it would have
enabled him to turn the Rank of the
allied army, and instead of St. Hel-
ena a renewed residence in the Tuner -
es would undoubtedly have' awaited
In front of the entrance to Hougo-
mont stand three, veteran chestnut
zees. They are the only living sur-
vinors, perhaps, on the entire battle;
eld, Of that fateful day. After tlee
conflict, hundreds ol trees that Jorin-
cl, the thick wood' around .Hougo-
remit were so badly torn, and scorched
y powder and ball that they. never
.ut forth the next season's leaves.
on those that lived alwa-ys bore
nmistalcable evidences of their -fear-
ful baptism by fire. It is 'so to -day
with these three survivors. They pre-
sent a rugged and battle -scarred ap-
pearance. • The marks of age and de -
the place he' feels like giving a res-
pectful salute to those grand, mute
witnesses, Of so much that represent-
ed the horrible realities of war • and
yet of eni much that representen hu-
man heroism and .endurance.
•
THE WATFILO 0 Or it) llAi 'se" ' "has
away piecemeal by mile hunters.
pl 4 eich a
Leaving the unattractive Village. -of
Waterloo, with its dirty claildren,
Whose only diversion seems to be to
rim after the coach and keep up an
incessant cry foe centimes, the jour-
ney is continued along the same
road 'which was tramped by thous-
ands of the allied troops on their
way to action, Within less than
tivo miles, the little village of Meet
St, Joan is reached, This formed the
Centre, of the allied forces, and a
mile beyond marked some of the fierc-
est fighting of the day. The farm of
La Haye Sainte was close by, and
that was the only potlition occepied
by the allied troop e that Napoleon
captured, A little lose than a Mile
beyond the village are two monu-
ments, oho to Ithe memory of Col.
Gorden, and the other in honer of
the Ilainoveelan Offlorei Of the German
legida. Near by, there formerly
stood a large elm tree, which for
years bore the ramie Of WellinStoa's
elm, ea the Duke is said to have
stood wider it daring the day, Watch-
peolorta
—4-
xi. CARGO OF CASES.
Customs Officer -"What does your
cargo consist of, captain?"
C '
eptaiu-'nfwo thoesand cases of
opygt
Cti st orn.8 Officer -"Yes; anything
more?"'
Captain -"One thousand cases of
orangee."
Customs Officer -"Yes?"
Captain --"And two cases. of fever."
A mietletoe OnIt Outline doesworry
the girl Whe is pretty, ng t
h eogress o f tlu� battle. It
SPINSTERS AND BACHELORS.
The ceneus for England and Wales
according to a digest rand° by Mr.
William Sanders and Mr. Thomas G.
Ackland, shows there is a geographi-
cal dietribution of spinsters as well
as an age chstribution, In the
London counties they are general/y.
in excess of the bachelors, and. So,
too, in those countriem • where wom-
en take part in the staple industry.
In Surrey the unmarried women are
nearly 12,000 in excess of the bach-
elors, while in South Wales she bach-
elors are 18,429 in excites of the
spinsters. In Kent, Wiltealre, Rut-
land, Lincolnehire, Hurite, and other
agricultural counties Spinsters are
in the rainoriger. IIa,stings has an
excese of 6,060 splinters, and Brigh-
ton of 6,300,
WILLINGNESS,
"But woold you die fee me?" per -
slated the rornantie maiden.
• nfwould," replied the frank and
elderly eintor. "Even now 1 ani us-
ing n high-priced preparation warran-
ted to ectetore bair to its original
KILLED A REGICIDS.
Two Coreane Murder One of the
Assassine of the Late Queen,
• One of the murderers of the Queen of
• Corea, who fled the country and has
been livieg' in • apan, ha e fallen a
victice to her avengers, Two men
Were Sent: to kill him,' and they have
felfilied their missien.. Tbe matter
has been kept quiet beceene 4apan
theenot execute them -witionet, giving
grave offence to :one of the Oelitacen
parties of Corea. The neeta,
ever, were- Published in :that country
rectti:Tepan's tri
Atnepti over China.,,
the dominating innelence in Corea
was Japaneee: 'Me King: and ,Quean
Soon found that the liberal laws and
mann referees introduced bY Japan
Ilan stripped them of most of their
power. The stroegmincled Queen was
beelde herself with rage, and, rightly
or Wrongly, site Was accused of plots
ting to assassinate the new • Cabinet
installed under 'Japanese influence.
• Native friends of the Japanese dee
cided to kill her, and one night a
party of arnied men talent into the
palace . stabbed her to 'death:
None of them Were caught, and • an
got safely out Of the country. Pro-
toinent amoeg them was a man nam-
ed U-Pom-sun, who fled to Japan.
Most Curetteswere tired of the
.3 ape:nese regime, who ee reforms
were a little too rapid for their ,eon -
see velem They were horrified also
at the neerder of the Queen, and
•when it hecame certain that TJ-Poixa
sun was a relegee in jaoan there was
load aemanas that he be sent Imo
for puniehment; but Japan refused.
to, surrender him, asserting that aid
(Tillie wits Political and
NEI WAS ;NOT EXTRADITABLE,
ek 'band of. Corealis took a Ow
that they would never rest till In -
Plaza -sun had paid for the tragic
death of the Queen with his life., But
the man \them they sent to japan
to kill the regicide could not find
him. Ile was living in retirement
and ender an alias. It was not till
October last that Ins out of. the way
place of conceahaent was discovered
and the man recognized.
One day two men came to tbe
hennet where U-poinesen Made his
home. They did not deny that they
were Careens. They were travelling
through J apan etudying the country
and having a good time. Their in-
tended victim had no suspicion as
to their real character. Be had
never seen them before. They drank
and planed cards with him and the
three 'became quite friendly. Straw-
ely enough. they lived in the sinew
house with him for. three or four
days and he was not at all di:Stern-
ed br. their presence.
On the evening. of Oct. 25 tbe three
men were drnadag together, when
one •of them pretended to take of-
fence at some real -male made by Ian
'Pom-seri and suddenly whipped out a
knife and stabbed him. At nearly
the same instant the other man.
struck the victlin on the head with a
piece of iron, fracturing his skull.
His death was almost instantaneous.
The- name of the man who stabbed
him. Was Ko Yung•-•geun; the Other
assailant was No Inunonyung.
The men were at once 'arrested as
connnon murderers. Each of them
drew from his pocket a. paper 'declar-
ing,- that they had beem deputized - to
go to japan to avenge the death of
the late Queen..
At last accounts the murderers
were still in jail. It is not believed
in Corea that Japan will inflict sev-
erer punisliment for their crime.
CODENSED ORCHARDS.
How Trees Can -co Made to Pro-
duce Great Crops.
A certain boy with a famous appe-
tite for fruit discovered early in his
career that the trees with the best
fruit were to be founil in what was
called the "hospital" of his grand-
father's fruit nursery, a piece of
ground 'devoted to refuse trees,
which were too small for customers,
and winch were often taken up and
replanted. Many a Ene feast the
boy enjoyed in the bospital, says a
writer in I'earson's Magazine, but it
was not until be came to a thinking
age that.he realized why these parti-
cular trees bore fine crops, although
they never made a strong growth.
The reason was simply that they
were often moved, and -that the
groend round them was often dug
over. Understanding this, he be-
gan to introduce a new system of
fruit cultivation, that of making the
trees fruitful and healthy by keeping
their roots near the Bernice, pruning
the trees frequently, and moving the
trees if necessary once in about two
years. In this way tbe trees ate
kept ilwarfeci, and great crops are
produced.
In old-fashioned orcliarals trees are
allowed to grow to whatever size
and in whatever shape they will,
and the grass is allowed to grow be-
neath', for food, it may be, for cat-
tle. But now the orehards are or-
charile in miniature, condensed or-
chards, with trees only a few feet in
height, and generally either pyrami-
dal in shape or like little bushes,
and the ground beneath them is care-
fully cultivated.
An apple-orobard of One acre plant-
ed with dwarf treee will contain
more than iive hundred trees, shaved
either as broad little busbes or as
regular pyramids; and there will he
space for SOnle Seven hundred small-
er busk fruits between the trees. The
effect on the fruit trade that has
been wrought by such revolutionizing
idecua cannot be calculated. The lit-
tle bush or pyratuidal trees Melee
very Abe ornaments for, lawns or gar-
dens.
Still more interesting le the, meth-
od of groeving frititearees in pots as
ornaments for coeservatories. The
tree% with their beautiful foliage
and fruit, are as decdrative ae.o any
exotic flower, and would be well
worth growing for their beauty
alone, even if their fruit were
eatable. In the gardene at Saw-
bridgeworth, In England, small or-
chards aro grown in pots under shine
-orellancle are grewn in Pots under
glasn-orehaids • of peaches, necrar-
lees, cherries end plains', while peers
are grown in potsInneshnihneeato,rclittrd
houses# withanit 4
8 HIE ELEOTRIOAL BON
ButAGE DoNz BY wins mon
STakes ShoniltliTCIUTE's,F:Wd1C.
:Oe0 Hie'-
. chief to Gas r
, Wate
• xin
A novel anal very peculiar acalen
was recently tried In an Italian Ada
mire,' ty Court,
The Captain of a North Italie*
port brought action againet the
owners of certain copper-bottemedn
wooden vessels to compel them tb
remove these crafts from the neigh-
borhood of a number of new wae-
ehips and other new steel and iron
vemels, lying in the seine pert of
the harbor. fe
It •appears that the two metalse
Copper and iron, being immersed in
salt water, actually produced oleo-,
tric action, with the resell, that the
iron was electrolytically corroded,
by the orients set up from the cop-
per bottoms of the wooden vessels.
The plaintiff establiehed hie case
and an order was made for the im-
mediate removal of the copper-bet-
tomed ships from that part of the
b arbor.
In these days, when electrically,
charged wires, used not only fon
lighting but for driving trams and
other purposes, underline • almost
every thorouenfare in 'big towns,
this problem et electrolysis is -mold-
ier booming very serious. The cor-
rosion exercised upon the neighbor-
ing water -pipes exactly resembles
that ducecl by powerful acids.
IRON ROTS AWAY.
• The iron of the pipes becomes hon-
eycombed with small pores, which
gradually grow larger and larger
until eventually the affected part
gives way like so much rotten Wood,,
and the life of the main as such, is
over. An iron pipe, when • thor-
oughly electrolyzed, ean be pounded •
Ito powder with an ordinary Nun, -
men
A very odd point about this form
of electric darnage is that, while an
some occasions the mischief is the
work of years, at oiler times a
thick pipe will be destroyed by
=Teat of exactly the same power
within three months. Electric trani.
currents are the principal culprits.
Theoretically, the electricity drawn
down from overhead wires and used
for 'driving vehicles is supposed to•
return to the power -house througli
the earth. But eleetricity always
moves along the lines of least resis-
tance. Therefore, a water main be-
ing a better conductor than the
earth, the current is apt to julaP to
it, and with shocking lack of grati-
tude it then proceeds to destroy its.
borrowed right of way.,
'WHEN ldOST WANTED.
• The damage goes on secretly below- •
ground, and the first inttmation is
the sudden bursting of the main.
This, of course, usually . happens at.
time.when there is extra pressure
such as occurs during a tee.
Very much more -serious was a gal-
vanic frolic in Vienna on March
Sth, 1902. A heavy fall of wet snow
took place iluring the previous night.
It froze as it fall, and coaling the
wires with a great thickness of ice
eventually brought them down.
The streets were simply littered
with live wires. Dozens of horses
were killed and policemen had to be ,
stationed at every corner to save
pedestrians from touching the wires.
In spite of all precautions three
persons were killed and a number
were very severely shocked.
A very odd occurrence was report-
ed recently from Middletown, Ind.
A house on the Pike, as the main
road is called, becan.ae maidenly.
charged with electricity. Tbe .very
clothes of its enhabitants emitted
sparks, and when two garments in
contact were pulled away from one.
another there was a loud crackling
sound. The phenomenon lasted for
several weeks, and at last the people
became so alarmed that they moved
put of the house and left it deserted.
THEORY OF MAGNETISM.
Dependp in First Place Upon Mole-
• cula.r Arrangement.
'Inn modern theory of magnetism,
known as Webber's, aided greatly by
the work of Professor Ewing, main-
tains that even the smallest physical
quantity -the molecule -present in a •
bar magnet is itself a minute Mag-
net... Hence the power of the mag-
alet depends entirely, in the first
place, upon molecular arrangement,.
• This can be easily seen by filling a
glass tube with steel filings, loosely
packed; at first these are all in dis-
order, but if a magnet is drawn over
the tube • they begiri to turn them -
Selves into one direction till perfect
alignment takes place, when the tube
acquires the properties of ,a magnet.
The breaking of bar -magnet into
piecee, each pieceein turn becoming a
magnet, eonfirms this theory; so does
saturation, as it is called, when the
molecules are arranged, and no fur-
ther effect takes place. The theory
of magnetic hollers closing the ltnes of
force, thus preserving and not dissi-
pating the pewer, is also in accord-
ance with this. The primary source
of magnetic power is still uriknown.
COLLECTORS SEEN KEYS.
"Clefinartia" is a onmaratively
modern foera of the collecting craze.
Et consists of an irreentible ambition
to gather together keys of all sorts,
Sizes, and Shapes, One victiln to the
habit, a, woman, openly ceafeesed re&
ently to having travelled vier 100,-
000 ranee in permit ef hei hobbit,
during which time she had expended,
entirely on keys, qvite ix respectable
fortune, Her collection comprises the
key of the Nreimberg ii -on virgin;
one Said to have belonged to Cleo-
patra's jewel case; N huge iron speei-
one that used to unloek .Aerre aTalha-
arid mans' others equally orleus and
teeneteereforotinntet.he tower ea:t fin
pick-
ed up in a Warnan, clotr sereeshop; the
way's cottage at Stratford-on-Avom