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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Exeter Advocate, 1897-3-11, Page 3.••••10011••••• HISTORIC JERSEY. Correct Likeness of the Greatest Sire oi Butter Cows. The achievements of the great St. Lambert jersey family oannot be put before dairymen too often. Those fortu nate enough to have animals of this blood ma,y congratulate themselves. We give herewith a picture of the greatest sire of butter cows that evei lived. He is Exile of Si. Lambert. Ex- ile's dam was Allie of Si. Lambert, a full sister of Ida of St. Lambert. His sire was Bachelor of St. Lambert. One of Exile's daughters tested 82 pounds 7 ounces of butter in seven days. Of the famous old bull Mr. .A, D. Baker, presi- dent of the New York State Dairymen'e association, said some time since: He is a grand type of a Jersey bull, 'weighing about 1,600 pouuds, and EXILE OF Si'. LAMBERT. should like to describe him as he ap- peared to me, He has a stylish head, dished face, broad between the eyes, large, pronainent eyes, a golden skin, soft, yet thick and pliable, covered with a good coat of hair, remarkably deep chest great breadth, strong loins and stands well upon his legs, considering his age and honors. Although nearly 12 years old, yet with his enormous strength and vigor he is still in active duty. His wonderful power of transmit- ting to his descendants his own likeuess is truly remarkable, as his sons and daughters can be readily picked gut in any herd of Jerseys. While looking at him, 1 thought: "What a record! Forty-nine tested daughters and 16 granddaughters, and more to hear froml" More of his sons have gone to head herds than any other one bull's, to say nothing about his daughters, and to the Jersey 'world his name will always be famous AS a sire of butter producers. After viewing the young heifers in milk I saw in the barn a row of 25 of Exile's daugh- ters—truly a magnificent sight to any lover of jersey cattle. Co-operative Butter Making. 4 New South Wales is divided intc three parts—the coast, the center and the west. Wheat is raised in the central and western parts and sheep in the west. On the Coast WO raise corn and butter. The soil is so eich and the climate so moist that wheat rusts badly with as. Our butter making is done almost entirely ou a co-operative plan. The farmers in each section buy a separator together. Then they send the cream to large creameries which are in various emrts of the country, where there are appliances for making ice and for stor- ing the butter. Thence the butter is all shipped to Sydney, the capital, and there it is put on sale at a fixed price - 16 cents is the lowest it ever gets at wholesale in summer. Whatever is not sold at the price put upon it is put back into the ice chests, and at the end of a week or so shipped. to Loudon, even if this is done at a loss. In this way butter is kept up to a fair price. Before the formation of the Farmers' Co-operative society we were stt the mercy of the middlemen. Butter in summer event down to 8 cents a pound. They bought it all up, stored it, and then in coldweather brought it out and undersold us to our OW11 customers. The business of this co-operative so- ciety is quite large—from $1,500,000 to $2,000,000 a year—and by its help the farmer gets a far fairer share of the profits then he does with you. It was an uphill fight at first. Now the farmers 'are pretty generally seeing the benefits of working together. In Victoria, where they do not have any such system, they are pretty badly off and have to take whatever the middlemen choose to give ibuttei• as WO do—butter which sells just them, although they make just as good as well in the London raarket The cattle most popular are called the South Coast breed, originally a cross be- tween the Shorthorn and the Ayrshire, which, through careful selection, have now become a distinct breed, having its •own studbook. It is good for both milk and beef. We do not go infer Jerseys as much as you do.—Chicago Inter Ocean. Filed Cheese. The manufacture of filled cheese leas erestricted to the Fox river section of Illinois, -where skimmilk could be •cheaply had from the creameries, and this was mixed with oleo and neutral oils in the making of the cheese. The year previous to Sept. 1, when the act of congress went into effect, 15,000,000 pounds of the cheese were made, yield- ing a revenue of $1,000,000 and keeping 80 factories busy. The law requires the payment of a heavy license to engage in the manufacture and a license to sell Wholesale or retail A tax of 1 cent a r mind is imposed, and all of the cheese must be so marked that the public may know what it is. The law was expected to be prohibitory, but a foreign market bad been created for the cheese, and since Septeraber three factories have qualified to Clollector Mize, the last one a week ago. Stamps have been issued tor 55,000 pounds of the cheese. The • manufacturers expect during the coming • year to make about 1,500,000 pounds, aalostly for the foreign trade.—Ohicago Times -Herald. . sa. SPRING CHEESE. The Maker Should Cure It Quickly, btu Not Too Quickly. "Use more rennet, less salt and cure at a higher temperature" is the accept- ed theory for quick curing spring cheese. It is not the use of the above theory, but the abuse of it, that handioaps the qual- ity of our spring cheese. The theory ()meetly applied is, nc doubt, the proper thing to doin ordea that the cheese may be worked off and consumed in due time, But that the above theory is much abused no ono that heaes the complaints of buyers of spring cheese annually will deny. The reason why these legitimate rules of manufacturing quick curing cheese are so recklessly abused is the scramble by unbusinesslike cheesemakers and cheese salesmen to dump their cheese fresh from the hoop upon the market, and then boast of their business ability to work off their green cheese upon an innocent public before the decline. Those same boasters perhaps neve learned enough of business principles, and just as sure as yonder sun rises their very acts of violating a business principle so ruthlessly will make them pay the penalty in dollars and cents by the reaction of the market through the lack of demand caused by a miscellane- ous outinit of "fast" cheese, as I term it It has well been said that "you can fool some of the people all of the time, and all the people some of the time, but you cannot fool all the people all the tirae." Every cheesemaker ought te know by this time how the people have been taken in most unmercifully by the filled cheese swindle, with so disastrous results to the honeet cheesemakers ol the country. This working off of green cheese only half made is practically on the same line of deceiving purchasers, ouly in a milder form. I would earnestly advise all cheesemakers to turn over a new leaf and make quick curing cheese with- out violating the rules laid down for same. The salt should not be reduced below 2 pounds standard salt per 1,000 pounds of milk. The rennet should not be OYU 434 ounces standard rennet ex- tract per 1,000 pounds of milk. Curing room should not be heated above 75 de- grees F. and should contain, by all means, a moist atmosphere, and. cheese not sold closer than 12 days from hoop. —A. Schaeninan in Hoard's Dairyman. Neither Too Rot Nor Too Cold. It will not do to permit the milk ea the cream to freeze ow to get too -svarru. In the first condition the color of the butter will be injured, and it will be white and crumbly. Why this change should occur in the butter by tho effects of cold is not generally understood, but it is both important and. interesting tc uncleretand why it is so. Color is not a substance, as might be supposed, but it is a condition of mat- ter. lt is due to the reflection of light from anything aud the result of this re- flected light ou the eye. Color is simply the light reflected from any substance, and it differs as the substance may be made up he its nainuto parts—its mole- cules or atoms—and the light reflected differs in color with the special arrange- ment of these atoms. Now, -when cream is frozen., the cold has some effect on the minute particles of the butter by which the yellowness of ordinary butter is destroyed, and the light reflected from the butter is white or very uearly so. This is reasonable so to think, becaus.o the texture of buttee made from frozen cream is quite differ- ent from that of butter made from cream that has not been frozen. It is crumbly and does not adhere together, as other butter does. But, whatever the conditions may be after the freezing of the cream, we lmow veryr well thathe butter is of inferior color and texture, and the flavor of it is inferior. These eaine injurious effects follow the too great heating of the cream. The butter globules, in fact, are melted and run together, thus spoiling completely the deeirable waxy texture and appear- ance of the butter when finished. —Mont- real Herald. Dairy aud Creamery. The new 1897 cheese law of Canada is very stiff. Under its provisions all cheese neade for sale must be branded with the word "Canada" in letters stamped both upon the • box and the cheese. The factory where it is raade must be registered with the dairy com- missioner at Ottawa. Besides the worcl "Canada" upon both the cheese and the outside of the package the number of the factory and the day and month of the manufacture of the cheese must also be legibly stamped. The letters of this stamping or marking, moreover, must be each not less than three-eighths of an high by one-fourth of an inch. Do not let the oreara rise on milk be- fore making ohoese of it. If you must let it stand awhile, keep stirring it at intervals to hold. the cream back. Sometimes milk is held so long before being separated that the cream already begins to rise upon it in the shape of fat globules. Such globules, being once sep- arated, will not mix back again proper- ly with the cream when it is separated, but are palely churned on the way to the factory. They will not take the but- ter color right when the create is churn- ed. They give the butter, therefore, the appearance of being mottled. The only way is not to let any cream rise before the milk is put through the separator. This may be accomplished by frequently stir- ring the railk. Where it mast stand over night, however, before it is taken to the factory, this will not be convenient One factory man says he is aocustomed to strain these too previous globules out by fastening a piece of strainer cloth over the cream spout of the separator. The li- quid creana passes through and the butter globulesremain. Sometimes as much as from half u pound to a pound of butter is thus lost, but the factory man very wisely concludes that it is better to lose that much than to lose a cent a pound On a whole batch of butter because of Its 'nettled appeara,nce. OUR OTTAWA LETTER STILL TROUBLE IN THE CABINET OVER THE CROW'S NEST PASS. Imperial Federatiou--Liberal 'Workmen Have a Puli---lhe Lmoassy to Rome...* Tar iteV1biOn-*41. New Leader in Manitoba --The Spoils System. [From Our Own Correspondent.) Ottawa, March 2.—Since the day in July last, when be took the oath as President of the Privy Council, Wilfrid Lameer has not heti so anxious a week as that which he has just passed. The gentlemen who sit around the Colmoil boarcTt have been members of two camps, in so far as the Crow's Nest Pass railway is concerned. Powerful adherents of the . . Canadian Pacific interest have put in their days lobbying for the railway com- pany. As I saicl last week, the anti-C.P. R. men are not organized, but they are none the less strong on that account. Messrs. Blair and Mulock are still recal- citrant. They believe that the Govern- ment should build the line, and that the country should incorporate it in the na- tional railway system. Tho most curious phase of the whole case is the action of Joe Martin, whohas become one of the C,P.R.'s attorneys and now is hand in glove with the men whom he fought in 1887 and whore he has been engaged in fighting ever since, Martin was here for three days this week and has had several Interviews with the First Minister. Efe sought the office of Postmaster -General Mulock, was received with courtesy and was informed that the Postmaster -Gen- eral did not propose to discuss the rail- way question with any lobbyist. Once upon a time Martin and Mulook were 'close friends. But now Martin has given up politics for law, while 'Unlock: believes that he can snake a popular and politic move by fighting the great railway cor- poration that seeks to obtain control of the Crow's Nest Pass. imperial Federation. The story that Sir Richard Cartwright and Hon. L. H. Davies gaVe the report- ers on their return from Washington does not seem to have had any other effect than to amuse the big politioians of the States. The leading newspapers published. in the border states have treated with ridi.oule Sir Richard's assertion that the commissioners met with a favorable re- ception at the United States Capital. The truth is, these editors my, that they were given a hearing and that they were in- formed that nothing could be done for them in the present situation of affairs. When the new Administration at Wash- ington sball have taken hold of the tiller there will be another embassy from Ot- tawa, and doubtless it, like its predeces- sors, with be resultiess. If the men now in power in Ottawa would give their attentinu to the business of getting peo- ple into the country it would be much better than their present plan of °Ulu"' ing favor with the representatives of a people whose boast is that they don't know anything about Canada and don't Want to. The Ottawa Government might ask Sir Charles Tupper to coach its mem- bers on the Imperial Federation scheme. When they Were in Opposition most of the present Ministers were disposed to belittle the plan. They cannot but see now that the Imperial idea is growing and that what was once a theory is now a well defined plan of increased commer- cial intercourse. In the Imperial House of Commons the scheme has many ad- vocates. 'When Mee Laurier is in England he might well give the subject, to use the expresssion of one of his most emin- ent Ministers, "his serious consideration.' ' Liberal Workmen Rave a pen. The Ministers have been considerably worried over the Crow's Nest Pass and other matters, wherefore some of them, after the manner of eastern potentates, have made themselves easier in mind by making other people uncomortable. A number of new dismissals have been an- nounced and the faithful but unawarded Liberal worker once more casts a longing eye in the direction of this city. Mr. Tarte has a gang of nearly two hundred men at work clearing up the debris at the scene of the fire in the western block. There is not one of these men who is not a good Liberal. When the laborers were being engaged a sort of jury of well- known Liberal workers inspected every man's credentials. No ono who was not a membenof the Liberal association of the watd in which be lives was given a job. • The Liberal heelers who had the work of thus weeding out the applicants have now become greatly impressed with their own dignity and are certain, to snake more deine,ncls on their friends the Ministers. The Embassy to Rome. In September last, when Abbe Proulx visited Rome to use his good offices on behalf of his friend and parishioner, the Prime Minister, the Liberal press in On- tario furiously raged for that the Conser- vatives dubbed the Abbe Mr. Laurior's agent. At the same time, in the province of Quebec the papers supporting the Government extolled the piety of the Pre- mier who, they said, was seeking the sanction of His Holiness the Pope to the Manitoba School ease settlement. We know that the Abbe returned to Canada without having met with any signal suc- cess, and that Chevalier Drolet, of Mont- real, arrived in Rome soon after the de- parture of the Abbe for Canada. Mr. Drolet was one of the Papal Zouaves re- cruited in Canada to festit for the main- tenance of the Pope's temporal power. He is in high favor at the Vatican and is one of Mr. La,urier's personal friends. He was instructed to essay the task at which Abbe Peoulx had failed. He has returned to the Dominion and the other day handed out a statement concerning the negotiations. The ingenuous Chevalier commences his account of his embassy by the statement that he was not the repre- sentative of the Government. Of course, everybody knows that the gentlemen now in power here did not pass an Order - in -Council appointing Mr. Drolet their plenipotentiary to the Vatican. That would have been impossible as well as hale polibic. But, as we all know, there are antes when an understanding need not be Permeated in terms. Mr. Dralet assures us that he went to Boma at ishe regnest of a number of prominent poll - et' • ereettatiteneatteties ticians to place their grievances before the Papal auehorities. And, 'though the Chevalier does not nominate these poli- ticians we xnay well believe that Mr. Laurier, the tireless Tarte and tbe other French and Caeholio members of the Government were of the number. Mr. Drolet then goes on to tell his readers that he made anne amazing discoveries in Rome. One of them—and the most important, in his opinion, was that some unknown miscreant — a Conservative inestimably -- had persuaded Cardiaal Ledoehowski, the Prefect of the Propa- ganda, Last Mr. Laurier was a Free- mason. This statement 14.1r. Drolet in- dignantly denied, and produced a letter from Mr. Laurier in whioh the Premier expressed the greatest piety. One of the Cardinals was so much impressed by Mr. Laurier's letter that, we are assured, he expressed the belief that the Premier seemed to be "the only men in Canada now engaged. in preaching the gospel." No doubt the awful story about Mr. Laurier's connection with the Free- masons was considered to be effectually disproved by this confession of faith. Mr. Drolet went on to state that certain bishops in Quebec had used undue in- fluence in the past elation, and . he sought the Pope to interfere. The con - eluding paragraph of the statement ex- presses the opinion that a Papal envoy will be sent out to Canada to bring the bishops to tnue. None 'of us will be sorry to see polities in Quebeo entirely divested of their religious complications, but none a us will desire to see ati ambassador from a foreign court brought to Canada, at the instance of the Canadian. Govern- ment to settle a domestic affair. The Lib- erals have protested for years that the Roman Catholic bishops in Quebec should not interfere he politics—against the Lib- erals of couese. Mr. Laurier has said that he will take his religion from the priests, but not his politics, If ho felt brave enough to make that announcement, why did he not feel brave enough to fight the bishops in their own field, with- out appealing to Rome? When he was in Opposition he was "full of pictures of great deeds" as to what any • Government should do in respect of clerical interfer- ence. One of his trustiest lieutenants from Quebec—of coarse, it was Tarte— mado a tremendous onslaught on the bishops of Chicoutimi just before the election. 13ut now, when he is in a posi- tion to COMO out strongly against what he has often described as an abuse, he prefer.: to send a trio of agents to Rome to beeeech the Pope to assist him and at thc. same time to make it unnecessary for the leinuch Catholic Premier to scandalize the people of Quebec by fighting the Freneh Catholic bishops. The plan was well enough conceived. With the Pre- miere; troubles with the hierarchy wo in Ontario have small concern. But the people of this and the other English- speaking sections of Canada will think not highly of the methods which Mr Laurier has taken to gain his end. Tariff Revision. From Montreal I hear that the mem- bers of the Administration will shortly be asked by the gentlemen of the lertmeh Chamber of Commerce to make no &ley in bringing down the revieed Meinor, at, least, in giving the people of the leenia- ion some indication of what they to expect. From the wet the same se.otesi has already conio. Tho plainnnn,ns saw when the commis:times; saes', in Manitoba, have die-mai:ilea i1iion the tariff question, but they unto ie nes- Mg that they be kept no lone. .1, ne- pense. The Customs returns it l! p year, which have juet been 'sem e, :ever how successful were the effe,•te ,e the late Government to encourage trece• ;t 11 England. During the ILIA fisi:!01 yietr vee sold. to Great Britain fifty per cam mere Shan we sold to what Sir Richard Car, - weight calls "our natural tnerket, the United States." For years thes ...mermen Coae4ress has enacted hostile legislation. TheConservatives when in power, in- stead of benmanin,g our lot, saw that the volume of trade with the Mother Coun- try coald very easily be mach increased. Only seven years ago the Americans were our best patrons. Now we sell sixty-six minions worth of goods to Great Britain while we send but forty-four millions worth to the States. We have no cause to rejoice, of course, ab the falling off in the proportionate volume of the United States, but neither is there any good in regrettine our inability to secure the un- obtainabre. Congress has plainly showed to us that we need expect no considera- tion from it. Year by year the wall against Ug has grown higher and higher until now it bids fair to reach the clouds when McKinley, Dingley & Co. get to work at it. Sir Richard Cartwright used to taunt the Conservatives with their lack of success in dealing with the Amer - loans. The truth was that the members of the late Government saw that the Americans were quite impossible so far as treating fairly with them went. The Thompson commissioners did exactly what was right when they returned. home without doing any cringing before the Araericans. Sir Richard, when he was in Opposition, was regarded by the Ameri- cans—as he tnay be now --as being an. annexationist. Consequently he was treated with consideration whenever he and Charlton or any other of his friends visited the States. Sir Richard, in the laagpage of the day, was jollied along by his Yankee friends until he became convinced that, if he ever should attain the treasury benches, he would 2aud it an easy thing to negotiate a reciprocity treaty. The old gentleman came home and told Laurier so, and Laurier, who is gloriously ignorant of fiscal questions, went out through the land and repeated Sir Richard's assurance to him. We ..nave seen in the past few months what Sir Richard's political foresight was worth. While he was being feasted by the Yan- kees; while his face was wreathed with snaeles when a New England Senator referred to him'the descendant of a U. E. Loyalist, as the coming Senator from Ontario, he had not enough perception to see that he was being used as a tool. Right well would the ananufaeturers of the New England states like to have their market increased by the addition of Ave million Canadians. And Sir Richard sat and drank it all in. Now he finds that he must yield up the Canadian market, if he wants a treaty, in return for less than half a tnarket in the United States. • A. New Leader in Mani t,oba. Word comes from Winnipeg that Hon. Hugh John Macdonald has consented to enter the Manitoba Legislature and to assume the leadeeship of the Conserva- tive party therein. Sir Charles Tupper was consulted by Mr. Macdonald before the step was taken and gave his consent to it. • For years Hugh John Macdonald resolutely kept out of polities. Then, &tine, under the strong pressure brought upon him by Sir John the First, and afterwards by Sir John Abbott, he re- tained his seat in Parliament much against his own inelination. "Finally he enaes, resigned and announce 1 his permaneut retirement Irene politiota life. He con- sented to run in, June lest and defeated Joseph Martin—a feat which the Liberals thought impossible. Hugh John Macdon- ald is not a rich man. He is dependetat On his own exertions for a livelihood, and it cost him thousands of dollars to abandon his practice in order to be in attendance at Ottawa. In Winnipeg he can give his attention to his law business and at the same time deal Mr. Greenway some good bard blows. The Opposition in the provincial legislatuee has not beeu led quite so well as it might leave been. The accession of Mr. Macdonald should put new lite into 11. • The Spoils System. • Not long ago it was stated in this cor- respondence that Clifford Sifton had de- tertuined to place one of his henohneen, ex -Mayor Smart, of Brandon, in the posis tion of Deputy Minister of the Interior. Sifton has not been long in carrying oat his intention. Mr, 13urgess, this efficient Deputy Minister of the Interior, has been offered the choice of disnussal or accept- ing au inferior position. Of course, if Mr. Burgess be reluctant to accept it post under the new man, there are plenty of good. Liberals who are ready to take the oface. Meanwhile Sifton has reWarded Smart for his aid in October last, and the spoils system once more is shown to - be an integral part of the honest governs rant of the Liberals. Nothing much oould be expected from Sitton, the gentle - num who won't pay his indebtedness to the people of Winnipeg, but what of the reproachless knight Wilfrid Laurier? Where are his promises of conoillation and aquae() dealing? Mr. Laurier must have known when he inade them that he could never carry them out, or, now that he is leader, he must be in the position Of the man who would like to do a cer- tain thing but is prevented by his follow- ers. And then the question conies in: Who leads, Mr. Laurier or certain of the seventeen gentlemen who are his col- leagues? Geological Puzzle. Taco a map of the northern coast of British Columbia, and locate upon it the lone, narrow islanct, ranning northwest and southeast, marked Texada. This is the island upon which exists one a the greetest natural wonders 'ever discovered on the coast. Towards the northern ex- tremity of the island quartz mining oper- ations are being carried on. It is here the Van Anda and Volunteer claims are sit- uated, and it was while the developneent work was being done here a few months ago that there was discovered a series of caves which have puzzled. geologists, and which contain the bones of animals not yet classified by the naturalists of the continent. Starting at the surface, where the seam was traceable from, a tunnel was driven into the side of tho moun- tain, and. continued for some distance without any other than the ordinary con- ditions generally observable; but sud- denly, after the firing of a shot, the end of the tunnel was found to have opened out into a natural cave. On being entered this cave was found to contain the'whit- ened bones of some large animals in a state of perfect preservation and the gen- eral indications that this had, at some me-historio age, been the den of some prembers of the tribe of maxnmalia, hitherto unknown. The seam, or vein, however, the course of which. the tunnel was following,, was found. continuing its course et the other side of, the cave, and tunnelling MS proceeded with there. After going a little further, another cave, a little larger than the first, was discov- ered, large enough, in fact, for half it dozen mim with candles to walk around and reeching to same considerable height. More bones, similar to those in the first cave, were found there also, and then, at it little distance beyond. this again, a third and still larger cave was entered. How it was that these caves could have been formed in the direct course of the seam, by what means a ingress the beasts whose skeletons were found had gained an entrance, what kind of animals they were, and what remoteness in the world's history is thus brought, as it were, down right to the end of the nineteenth century, are, and may ever remain, im- penetrable mysteries. The Erring Burglar. A curious romance of burglary and filial affection is told in the French news- paper -x. It has generally been supposed to be tamest impossible to escape from the French penal settlement at Cayenne, and that the perils to be confronted in the forests, both from animals and natives, not to talk of starvation, appalled the conviete to such an extent that they never even thought of attempting flight. This theory has just received a severe shock, the description of no less than thirty recently escaped convicts having been circulated to the pollee by the Min- ister of the Interior. One or two have been already captured in France. Among these is it certain Petitjea, who is accused of new mis- deeds. Petitjean escaped from Guiana some iime ago for no other reason, he said, than to come and embrace his old mother, who lives at Bagnolot. He was arrested, but in deference to public opin- ion, which was impressed by filial ogee- tioe, he was set at liberty and allowed to remain in Frame. A feetnig•ht ago a robbery took place on the Boulevard Diderof, in Paris, and by tracing back the stolen -goods four per- sons Were arrested. They were all carry- ing knives, loauckledusters and revolvers, nnd niade a most desperate fight for their liberty. Once in prison, however, they confessed they beloneed to a large gang whose chief eves Peietlean. Hence the latter's =est. The Cause of Pain. eehe innnecliate cense of pain is that there is over-stinnilation of that part of the braixx where consciousness exists. All sensations, even pleasant ones, bectome paint id when excessive, and there is no definite oharacteristic that separates pain from pleasure, eor what is painful at one time may be pleasant at another, and the difference lies isa the sensitiveness of the conscious center and not*in the external cause. Many sights and noises, for ex - sample, that are pleasant to a healthy man may beCome most painful to a sick ono, and what is a pleasant taste or smell to a hungry man natty be painful and repulsive to a full one. Excessive `stimulation producing pain may be ex- cited in the braia itself, as when a taaa,n "thinks" he is in pain, for there can be no difference between thinking one is in pain and being isa pain, and the intelli- gence essay elaborate, a simple stimulus MO a painful one as when a cruel sight causes eaten. In fact, any external or in- ternal stimuhts may produce over-stinen lation of the conscious center, and so be. come the iinniediate cause of pain. LATEST MARKET REPORTS'. Toronto, March 8. BREADSTFFS, ETC. Wheat --War news and the generally - strong position caused an\advance to- day. There was some enquiry Icor Ontario wheat for export. One lot of 8,OQO bush- els red. wheat, west, sold at 74c, and white was quoted at 76o. Maultobas ars about steady. Odd ears of No. 1, MK- . land, were sold to millers to -day at 86a, but ten oar lots -vvould not bring over 850, No. 1, g.i.t., North Bay, is held at He; No. 2 at 90o, No, 3 at 87c. Flour — Demand continues quiet. Straight roller, west, is quoted at $3.76. Millfeed—Bran continues in good de- mand. Single lots at Western mills sell at $0 to $9.50. Shorts sell at $9 to $10. Oatmeal—Quiet. Car lots of rolled. oats, in bags, on track here, are quoted at $2.8o, and small lots at $2.90 to $2.96. Peas—Rather steadier. One lot of 6,000 bushels, high freights, east, sold at 8fle. Round lots, C.P.R. east, 14c freight to Carleton would be taken at 42c, and on the G. ` R. east 40yeo is quoted for common peas. Oats—Continue quiet and easy in tone. White oats, high freights west, are quoted at 17 to 17eec, ancl mixed at 1.6o. Rye—Car lots, f.o.b., outside, are noted at 33 to 84e. Buokwheat—Car lots west are quoted, at 25o, and east at 20c. Beeeey—Fantay samples are quoted at 35 to 86o; No. 1, at 32 to 830; No. 2, at 28 to 29e; and feed, from 20 to 210; No. 3 extra is quoted at 23 to 24c. • PRODUCE. Eggs—Weak. Sales of new laid were made to -day at 12c, and. offerings at 12Mo found no takers. Held fresh are quoted. at 50, and lirned at 7 to 8o, bat they are hard to sell. Poultry—Quiet. Offerings light. Bright stook. is quoted as follows: Turkeys, 10 to 11c; geese, 8 to 90; chickens, 30 to 50e; and ducks, 5010 75e. Potatoes—Easier. 'The soft weather has brought about larger offerings. Car lots on track are quoted at 20o, and out of store lots at 300. Field Produce—Quotations are: Small lots, out of store, turnips, 25o per ba.g; parpsneripbsa, g,40o per bag; and onions, 76o to el Beans—lInelmaged. Round lots of choice hand-picked are quoted at 60o, de- livered, and single bags of sante, 70 to 75c. Ordinary beans are quoted at 40 to 500' per bush. Apples --Dull. Dealers quote small lots of dried here at 2 to 2Mo, and evaporated at 3 to 3310. Honey—Quotations are: fiela for 60-1b. tins, and 73e for 10 -lb. tins; new clover honey in combs is quoted at $1.40 to $1.50 per dozen sections; ton lots of pure strained, f.o.b„ 5ee to 60, delivered. Baled Hay—Street receipts to -day were nil. Car lot prices are about the same. Choice to fancy sell at $10 to $10.25 on track hero. No. 0 is qnoted from $8 to $9. Deabers gtti8ot1e1ttwo8 o-tit2Its of No. 1, de- aStraw—Demand dull. Car lots of oat straw, on track, are quoted at $5 to 85.60. DRESSED HOGS AND PROVISIONS. Street receipts to -day nil, and car lot offerings light. Prices have a firmer tone. Light lean hogs are quoted at $5.76 in car lots, on track here; light fats at $3.e5, and heavy fats at $4.00. Provisions are quiet and strong. Quotations are: Barrelled pork, shoulder mess, $9.50 to $10 50; heavy MOSS, f„411.50i short cut, $1e to 812.50. Dry salted meats—Long clear bacon, car lots, Pee to 5eee; toelots, 53(o; case lots, oaec; backs, 7e. 'Lard—Tierces, iteec: tubs, 73a; and. pails, 734e; compeund, 6 to 6Mc. LIVE STOCK MARNETS. • Toronto, afaroh 8.—We had here to- day (including some receipts yesterday), quite seventy loads of offerings. The weather was wretched, and the yards in a filthy condition, but we had a pretty brisk trade, and. all the stuff on hand. was solit out early In butcher cattle there was no change worth mentioning, and good stuff sold at from 8 to nec per pound; medium sold. at from 2 5-8 to 2 7-8c, and common at around 2enc per pound. Though much of the cattle here was of inferior quality, everything went quickly, and the pens were well cleared at it comparatively early hour. • There was a steady export trade at practically unchanged figures; namely, from 3;e. to 4Mc per pound. Anything really good taming the butcher stuff was picked out by exporters. The principal dealers shipping to -day included Messrs. Crawford and Hunnisett, James Eakins, Mullins, Snell, etc., and of course some outside buyers. Trade in hogs was active, and prices firm, but complaint is made of the large quantity of small hogs (120 pounds and under) that have been sent in lately; for these, if they are bought, certainly not more than ec per pound will be paid; b-ut the probability is they will not sell here at all, as two or three lots were refused this morning by Mr. Harris, who said he Would not lake them at any price. Extra choice hogs sold at 5e per pound; thick fat, at from 4 to 4e, and. occasionaely 434e perpeund. Other grades not changed in price Store hogs are not wanted. There were among the receipts to -day 1,e00 hogs, 125 lambs and sheep, 40 calves, and about a dozen, milkers. Wheat, white, new 00 76 Wheat, red, per bush 00 71 Wheat, goose, per leash00 •'63e Peas, common, per bushOU 40 Oats, per cush........ . . 21. 22 Rye, per bush 00 82 Barley, per bush 00 38is Ducks, spring, per pair..., 40 SO Chickens, ,lge pair 30 50 Butter, in 1-1b. rolls Geese, per lb 15 16 08 09 Eggs, new laid ' 15 16 Potatoes. per bag. 80' 35 Beaus, per bush ....... 75 . 85 Beets,per dos 09 10 Parsnips, per doz... ..... '9 • 10 Apples, per bbl.. 40 1 50 Hay, timothy 136 .5500 171 5000 BBeeeetf: floarteisds 04 06 02 08i Lambs, carcase, per lb.., '7 • luVeuatit,ointerplebr • 05 . 6 Dressed hogs 5 00 6 10 Oe• 05 UNITED STATES MARKETS. gest Buffalo, :Marola 5.—Cattle—Re- ceipts, 5 cars; the market was dull and. slow. Hogs—Receipte,31 cars; there was ix faiely good demand for all classes of hogs; prices ruled steady to firm for Yoekers, but it shade to a nickel stronger ' for the mixed, medium, and heavier grades; good to choice Yorkers, $3.95 to $4; mixecl'packers' ,grades, $3.90 to $8.96; medium weights, $3.87 to $3.904 heavy' hogs, $3.85 to $8.90; rough, common to good, $8.11 to $3.50.