HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Exeter Advocate, 1896-10-15, Page 3V
o, 1
OUR OTTAWA LETTER
'HOW THE PLEDGED LIBERALS
HAVE IMPLEMENTED THEIR
PROMISES.
• The Curious Action of Mr. Pettit—Pettit'S
"Official Explanation"--Yortfolio of the
Interior—Trouble Ahead for Laurier --
The Ottawans and Laurier.
[From Our Own Correspondent.]
Ottawa, Oot. 5.—When the •just -term-
inated session of parliament began, Can-
adians looked with much curiosity and
mime hope upou the new men who were
k to manage the country. The faithful
Liberals all over Canada hoped that the
new Administration would in some way
Implement their promises. Truth to tell,
they did carry out some of their pledges.
• During the campaign Israel Tarte was
prolific in promises of Government
positions, Many of these pledges have
been carried out. As you know, at Sorel
no less tlean seventy employes of tbe
Intercolonial railway were cliseharged.
HaV of these positions have been filled
by Grits. The Rouges make no bones
about insieting upon belag given jobs,
The curious Action or Mr. Pettit.
Last week you read of the curious
action of Mr. Pettit, of Terrebonne, who
bas COMO out as a contract jobber. You
will reraember that Mr. Pettit wrote to
the tvvo tenderers for ooal suppiles for
the Public Works Department and asked
what there was in it for bine. One
:would think that even Tarte wouldmake
an exception in this ease and would
prosecute Pettit for his attempted fraud.
In place of this, Pettit is being treated
with the consideration to which his ser-
vices of the party entitle him. He has
been asked whether he is guilty, and
has replied that he is not. In place of
prosecuting him uuder the Criminal Code
the Government is still negotiating with
Mr. Tarte's friend and adviser in the
distribution of patronage. In the Senate
the other day Sir Mackeuzie Dowell asked
if it was the intention of the Government
to take steps that would lead to the
prosecution of Pettit under the Criminal
°ode. The clanse in the Crimiaal Code
referred to declares that everyone is
guilty of an indictable offense and liable
to a fine of not less than $100 and not
exceeding $1,000, and to imprisonment
Sor a term not exceeding one year and
not less than one month, who, by reason
or under the pretence of possessing in.
&tones with the Government or with
any Minister or official thereof, demands,
exacts, or receives front any person any
compensation, fee, or reward for procur-
ing from the Government the payment
of any claim or any portion thereof, or
for procuring or furthering the appoint-
ment of himself or any other persons to
any office, place, or employment, or for
procuring or furthering; for himself or
any person of any grant, lease, or other
benefit from the Government. Sir Mac-
kenzie Bowell said that his desire in
bringing the matter up was to have the
law enforced to the fulleet extent He
knew that the object of the late Sir
John Thompson in having this clause
inserted in the code was to reach juet
such a °lees of offenders as the writer of
this letter was. He was not sure whether
the case came under the provision of the
code referred to, but if it did not the
law should be amended so as to include
within its scope cases of this kind.
Pettit's "Official Explanation."
Sir Oliver Mowat made a oharaateris-
•;Meetly vague reply. Pettit, he said, had
denied his guilt and the Government
;evidently believed bim. No investigabion
was spoken of. The Government had
made a demand for an official explana-
tion, but this was as far as they had
gone. Pettit's "official explanation"
had turned out to be a straight denial.
Evidently, according to the Laurier code
of procedure, wben a defendant says he
'is not guilty he is regarded as having
proved his innocence. This, however,
cbuains in the case only of friends of the
Government. • We have not yot forgotten
the announcement of Mr. Blair that any
man in his department against whom a
charge should be made by a Grit mem-
ber or an unsuccessful Grit candidate,
should be discharged ienmediately. This
doctrine was so unjust that Blair bas
since been attempting to explain away
his statement. But the country knows
that in an unexampled fit of candor Mr.
Blair said just what he believed to be
good politics. In New Brunswick terror -
lam kept Blair in office for some years.
is desirous of bringing the same
:methods into the administration of the
Canadian Dominion.
Portfolio of the interior.
At last tbe portfolio of the Interior
ems fallen into the bands of a custodian.
•.11anitoba's Attorney -General, Clifford
aeifton. has been successful in the race.
aTeseph Martin has visited Ottawa half a
isoore of tintes in his pursuit of the prize.
He has abased himself in his desire to
tebtain a Government job. He has grovel-
led at the feet of Tarte, Laurier and
.Company. And he has been given the
go-by. No living Canadian has donemore
than Martin to place the Gribswhere they
now are. His was a light heart, on the
night of June 23. He esteemed himself
sure of the portfolio that has now gone to
his rival Sifton. I happen to know that
Martin had Laurier's explicie promise
that he should be the Minister of the
Interior. But those of us who had
-watched Laurier's oourse knew that
Martin had not by any means a sure
thing. Martin could give nothing for
value received. Sifton could. Martin was
distinctly persona non grata to the peo-
• ple of Quebec; Sifton was absolutely un-
known to them. And so we saw that
Martin's oonfidenue was misplaced. He
soon found out for himself that it was
so. •On his visit to Ottawa three weeks
after the election Mr. Laurier broke the
• ice and Martin soneca into the ehilly
waters of disappointment But he kept a
stiff upper lip, and became more insist-
ent in his desire to get the portfolio.
Meanwhile Greenway had written Laurier
endorsing Sifton's candidature. The
Premier of Manitoba recognized in Mr.
• Sifton a rival for the position that Green-
way now has. Re wrote to Laurier, I
eay, and stated that if Sifton were given
the post he would consent to an adjust
-
Ment of the School question. Laurier saw
that Sifton was the man of the hour.
•,Gratitude was thrown to the wind and
nn Saturday last it Was announced that
Sitton's quest bad been successful.
• Trouble Ahead for Laurier.
• UnieSS I mistake Joseph Martin, there
will be trouble for Laurier. The dis-
egruntied aspirant has a longmemory,
united with much vindictiveness. Rioh-
ardson, Macdonell, Oliver and Douglas,
the Grit -Patron members for Manitoba
and the Northwest, have become disgust-
ed with the treatment whioh their friend
Martin has received, They have made it
evident to Laurier that they are by no
means well satisfied with his action,
Laurier has xeplied that it was impossible
to give'the post to Martin. "Sifton."
said one of the gentlemen whom 1 have
mentioned, "Is as deaf as a post. Hewitt
afford the House plenty of amusement
in his efIorts to answer questions. And,
leaving this disability out of the ques-
tion, he is by no means as heavy's), man
as Martin. The people of Manitoba Will
be disgusted with the tuition of the Gov-
ernment.
The Ottawans and Laurier.
During tbe elections, in his recklesa
pursuit of votes, Mr, Laurier made a
curious speeoh to the residents of Ot-
tawa. Ho =pounced that, in his opin-
ion, Ottawa was entitled to speoial con-
sideration in the matter of public ex-
penditure. In other words, he said that
Canada should be called upon to aid the
city of Ottawa in the maintenance of her
streets, her sowers, and her parks. The
inodeat Ottawa people were delighted
with this artful statement of opinion. In
the bustle of the election, few outside
towns and oities heard of Mr. Laurier's
plan. And now the Ottawans call down
vengeance upon Laurier's head. In the
Senate the other day Mr, Clemon asked
Sir Oliver what course the Government
proposed to take in the premises. The
Minister of 'Justice, with much ambi-
guity, annommed that ahen Ottawa had
been Canada's oapital as long as Wash-
ington had been that of the United
States Canadians might hope not without
reason that it would become as great as
Washington. As to the consumneation so
much desired, he was afraid it would be
impossible to give any further assurance,
Senator Macdonald, of British Columbia,
humorously suggested that Sir Oliver's
reply ought to be engrossed The incident
was in itself unimportant but it shows
exactly what the Government's plan of
campaign was. It can be stunroarized in
invo words; "Promise everything." It
WAS Tarte who struck this method of
getting votes, In Laurier he had an able
disciple.
Government " Consistency."
On Tuesday last WO saw another ex-
ample of Govermetent "000sisteacy,"
Mr. Davin moved that binder twine, coal
oil and agricultural implements be placed
on the free list. In the campaiguLartrier
repeated his old aSSilrallee that the party
goal was Free Trade. Martin trail the
people of Brandon that he would see to
it that the three articles mentioned
should be placed on the free list. Viten
M. Davin's motion came up the Gov -
eminent promptly wont back on one of
its leading principles. Laurier remarked
that Davin's motion was "preposterous."
And so it was voted down.
The Eirkissary to the Pope.
As yet we have beaul nothing from
Abbe Proulx, Mr. Laurier's emissary to
the Popo. The Abbe has arrived, and Mr.
Laurier is anxiously awaitingsome news.
The mission of the Abbe was to have
been secret, but news of it •leaked out.
Some curious explanations of the visit
are given. Mr. Laurier says lie never
spoke to tne Abbe on the School ques-
tion. This may be quite true. Mr. Laur-
ier has plenty of friends who would will-
ingly act as intermediaries. According to
an Ottawa newspaper this is precisely
what occurred. And who was tbe inter-
mediary? Who but lintel Tarte! For
weeks The Globe denied that the Abbe
bad been pent to Rome. It was told to
announce that the mission had never
been decided upon. What do Canadians
think of Laurier's action? Canadian law
is a farce, We cannot govern ourselves.
We have to appeal to an Italian bishop
to adjust our troubles for us. And, while
the Pope is worthy of all respecn, it is to
be feared that he is nob acquainted with
the facts of the case. The situation is a
pitiable one. The French-Canadian Pre-
mier is getting in his fine work.
Lost Bing Story.
After baying given up all thought of
ever finding a valuable diamond ring
which he lost in a singular way four
years ago, Robert Groff, a chief clerk in
the Pennsylvania railroad office in this
city, living at Berlin, N. J., recovered
the jewel on Thursday.
Air. Groff was swinging Indian clubs
on the lawn at his farmhouse on one
November evening in 1892, when the
ring slipped from his finger and was lost
in the grass. Despite the careful search
made by Mr. Groff and two farmhands,
the ring did not come to light. The next
day the plot of grass was eareftelly raked
off, and after being carefully examined
the grass and dirt were deposited on a
compost heap in the barnyard. During
the winter a portion of the compost was
traneferred to the farm of Mr. Peacock,
two miles away.
While playing in some weeds on the
Peacock farm on Thursday afternoon a
le year-old daughter of Farmer Morgan
noticed a bright spark on a rank weed
stalk about two feet from the ground.
Upon making a oloser examination, of
the weed she found it encircled by a gold
ring in which was set the spark that
Linz:tied her eyes. She realized that the
ring was vainable, and breaking the
weed off she ran Into the farmhouse
with is.. Everybody in the neighborhood
bad heard of Mr. Groff losing his ring
'nue years ago, and owing to its value
the inuident was remembered by his
neigh bora
' The little girl's parents recalled the
lose, and upon Mr. Groff's return home
Crow bis office in the evening he was
overipyed at finding the long -lost dia-
mond again safe.
Mr. Groff prized the ring as a gift
trona the head' offictials of the Pennsgl-
varda'Llailroacl Company beyond its real
mina—Philadelphia Press.
Male Birds Lead the Way.
When birds are migrating the males
estially precede the females. The robins,
ior instance, vehich are seen early in the
vette are almost invariably males, which
ipparntly traveled on before their mates,
1 he female birds follow, perhaps beoause
they are not such powerful flyers, and
also, perhaps, because they like to take
their time and gossip with one another.
fn the fall the rnzde birds leave first—the
ad ones—while the females travel along
together with their young, solicitous for
their welfare, and still training them
.4.tter the fashion of mother birds.
lle True to Personal Duty.
There is a general disposition to meas-
• are oureelves by °there. So far as duty
is concerned, nothing could be more den-
eerous. We lack the data for an absolute -
y correct estimate of • others, , Possibly
me may correctly judge.. But whet others
lo or neglect to do,. at least apart from
Tuitions to 'us, really doee not deeermine
.1: modify our duty. What is due from
ee? What ought 1 to do? These are the
tind pertinent questions for eaoli
Vrelc",1CPSIV^1....<4.,
WOMEN AND THE BICYCLE.
A Natty Costume—The Bicycle
Kn�e—
Seecting' a 'wheel.
Have you noticed how many pretty
costumes are spoiled in effect by the
skirt blowing above the knees? Half the
women who ride in skirts seem to be
troubled in this way, and yet the remedy
is simple. Take two • pieces of elastic
about an inch wide andof alength equal
to the depth of the bona in the skirt, or
about 4 or 5 inches. Fasten one on each
side of the skirt at a point where it
touches the buttons of the leg.gings when
standing in a natural position, sewing one
end of the elaetio strongly to the top
of the hem (on the inside). and with
a black safety pen fasten the other end
to the leggings between the buttons.
When adjusted properly the bands should
not draw, when standing, and they will
nob be visible either in walking or riding;
yet the device is effecters in the most
blustering weather.
• A few Sundays ago a tandem wheel
appeared which attracted universal at-
tention. One's notice was first called to
a light gray cloud swooping down the
drive. As the object drew nearer it be -
same apparent that it was a buxom wo-
man riding on a tandem wheel. She
wore sleeves of the latestproportions and
a full skirt, which fluttered wildly in
the breeze, and it was not until the
spectators obtained a side view that they
became aware of the fact that a small
but energetio man was seated behind,
industriously supplying the motive
power. Before the onlookers had fairly
recovered, another tandem flashed into
view, this time a diamond frame mounted
by two young ladies so resembling each
other in face and figure that it must
have been somewhat puzzling to their
friends to distinguish them apart. They
were dressed in bloomer suits of a brown
mixed goods, and rode so perfectly as to
seem a part of their machine.
May womeu Who ride have been
afflicted at one time or another with
what is known as "bicycle knee." This
Is a most aggravating ailment, being a
lameness in the knees which frequently
comes on before the rider has pedaled a
mile. It seems to be caused by overexert-
ing before one becomes hardened to rid-
ing. 'When this trouble begins to 1118111 -
fest itself it is best to ride only short
distances until the lameness disappears.
The color craze is running riot arid
already wheels of every shade of the rain-
bow glide along the boulevards, Men are
using some very startling effects, not even
drawing the line at the brightest orange
or green and occasionally conabining, a
grass -green sweater and hose with a
wheel of brightest yellow. The feminine
love of harmony and softness of tone is
manifest, however, in the enameling
winch the makers are putting on women's
wheels.
In selecting a wheel n woman should
give careful attention to the gear and V
possible arrange with the dealer to have
a change made if the one seleoted is
not right. For the benefit of those who
do nett understand the differeace between
the high and low gear it is well to ex
plain. If you have a low gear you must
make naore revolutions of your pedal in
order to make your wheel go at a cer-
tain speed than if you have a high gear;
but, on the other hand, if your gear is
high each push musb be harder. When
riding uphill or against a wind a low
gear is easier, but for those who have
considerable power in their limbs a high
gear gives better satitsfaotiot. For wo-
men 54 is as low and 08 is ae high as is
usually desired, while the gearing be-
tween 60 and 65 is most frequently se-
lected. Beginners generally take a low
gear and have it raised in a few months.
Mon dealers will do this without addi-
tional charge. In buying it is 'well to ar-
range for changes in gear, handle -bar
and saddle in case the first adjustment
does not prove eatisfactory. — Boston
Herald.
I n g Teeth.
It is the custom with many persons
to grumble a little at what tbey consider
tbe dentist's extraordinary charges. It is
also frequently said that the dentist Ends
gold more profitable, and that this is the
reason why he prefers to use
It is not generally understood that
there is a scientifloroason forthe employ-
ment of this metal. Gold can be welded
Into a solid mass while cold. It is also
susceptible of being pressed into the
smelliest cavities and depressions.
When once the cavity is properly
cleaned, and the gold carefully put in,
care being taken that it Ells every par-
ticle uf space from the beginning, the
union of teeth and filling is nearly as
perfect as possible without the action of
heat.
A gold filling may be built up to al-
most any size or shape required. None of
the acid serrations of the mouth or
stomach has any effect upon it.
Ink—The Origin of the Word.
The analogous word is given in the
Encyclopeadia Britannica in French
"enore," and in German "tinte,"and in
no other language. But the Italian word
for ink is suggestive of its origin. This
word is "inchiostro," and is most prob-
ably the source from which the English
word "ink" is derived. If we consider
the meaning of the word "Inchiostro"
for the fluid which we call "ink" it will
appear as the fluid employed. "in chios-
tro," 1. e., in the cloister. In the dark:
ages the monks were the only educated
class of that period,and as in this country
Shay for the =rise part came over from
Italy, the word "Inchlostro" must have
been known amongst our forefathers as
the medium employed by the monks for
the transcription of documents (a work
peculiarly an occnpation of • theirs,) and
the lengthy name "Inchiostro" became
by contraction the more convenient
monosyllable "ink."
She Did Iler Best.
"Yon should make home more pleas-
ant for hint," was the advice of the wise
matroa • to the weeping young • wife.
"That's the way to keep a menet home."
"I have done everything I could,"
sabbed the young woman. 'Haven't X
been reading ono of those • delightful
Scottish dialect stories aloud to him
every night for a week?" --Cincinnati
Enquirer.
A Flea Trap.
A flea -infested house was onoe reme-
died in the following meaner: The man
of the house took fresh, sticky fly paper,
wrapped sheets of it around each leg
from ankle to knee. with the sticky
side out, and slowly walked around the
rooms, which were all darkened a little.
The fleas invariably jump on anything
white, and the fly paper caught them in
great tfillnbers.
A Blood Purifier.
Watercress, if obtained from a satis-
factory source and thoroughly washed,
Is a very good purifier of the blood. 15
should be eaten at breakfast.
CHILD MURDER.
TERRIBLE TRAGEDY ENACTED IN
ZONE TOWNSHIP.
The Illegitimate Child of a Young Wornan
Kilted by the Mother's Sister—The Body
Buriec. in the Tard—Verdict of 381urder
Returned by the Coroner's Jury.
Chatham, Ont., 0ob. 9.—Two young
women, Annie and Alice leurniston,
daughters of the late John Humiston,
Zone Township, are under arrestat Both-
well with the awful charge of murder
recorded against them. Their alleged
victim is the infant daughter of the first
hanual, which was born on Monday, and,
according to a ooroner's jury, cruelly
done to death a short time after its
birth. The two young Women charged
with the crime lived together a short dis-
tance out of Bothwell. Some time ago
the neighbors noticed the .condition of
one of the girls, and began to talk of it.
Lately it was also noticed that Annie,
tbe mother of the murdered • child, was
not seen around any more. Her clisap-
pearanee ceased the neighbors to become
suspicioute and .Tames Marcus on Toes -
day resolved that he would, know the
truth. He went over to the flautist=
house, and after seeing Annie in a very
sick state, • asked the sister about her
Moose, and finally learned that a chIld
had been born. She WM loath to tell
what had become of it, but Mildly Mid
that it was dead and buried.
you kill it?" asked Mr. Alarms.
"No, I did not," she replied.
"Did Annie kill it?" was then asked.
The sister hesitated before answering
tbe question, but afterwards made the
statement that it had been born dead
awl was buried in the back yard.
Mr, Marcus drove to Bothwell and in-
formed Dr. Bell, who metered a con-
stable and returned bo the lineeistort
farm, where the body of the child was
dug up from the back yard. When he
examined the body he saw at once that
the skull had been battered or crushed
in Re wired Coroner Bray, who went
out by the first train, and held an in-
quest, at which a verdict uf murder was
returned late last night,
Annie Rumiston, the mother of the
child, is e3 years of age. Tim household
eoneitted of the sisters, Annie and Alice;
a hanher, Frederick; and it young man
naatal WeeLy Coles, who has been board-
ing 1.1 the house since -Tune Annie says
Out the father of her child is a young
man who lives in Detroit, but the name
of 0 young man who was a regular visi-
tor at the Hui/list= home before Annie
went away is spoken of.
Dr. Bell's teevininny shows that the
babe, Whieh Wag a female, was born
alive, and afterwards killed. Great vio-
lence roust have been need to crush in
its head tis it WAS found.
To -night's Banner says: "Peter Rob-
ert, who was appointed during the Dom-
inion election campaign to the position
nf landing waiter at the Chatham Cos -
tom House, has received notice that as
no appropriation has been made for the
payment of his salary, his services will
not be required after the 15th of this
month. et is anderstood that a petition
is being circulated in Dover township
praying the Government; tit keep Mr.
Robert in his position. Mr. Robert is
French. If the appointment of Mr.
Dunn, of learrie, is also cancelled, as
was reported from Ottawa a few days
ago, it will leave the Customs staff at
this port numerically the same as it had
been for years previous to the recent
shuffling, viza collector and an assist-
ant, which means the reduatinn in the
expense of about $1,200 per year."
ANOTHER COMBINATION.
Britain. Russia and Frantic) Propose to
Protect the _Artnenians—Turkislt Polley
of Repression.
Lander), Oct 9.—A despatch to The
Times from Constantinople says tbat the
Cabinet Connell has discussed proposals
for the confiscation of the real property
of fugitives from the °Gantry, and fay
compelling wealthy Armenians to pay
the indemnities claimed by foreigners for
damages caused by rioters. "The policy
of repression," this despatch says, has
entirely superseded the policy of recon-
ciliation, and prosecutions and arrests
absorb the palace's attention."
Paris, Oct. 9.—It is announced here
that France, Russia and Great Britain
haVO arrived at an entente in regard to
Turkey, and it is expected that these
powers will immediately despatch to the
Porte a vigorous note demanding the
acinption of reforms that will insure the
safety of the Armenians in the Turkish
empire.
New York, Oca 9.—Mr. Julian Ralph
cables from London as follows: Ncthing
better indioates tile intensity of popular
feeling lune over the Armenian out-
rages than the resignation of Lord Rose-
bery from the leadership of the Liberal
party, wheel) is officially reported to-
night. In the movement for English
antivity in the East, Lord • Rosebery in-
stead of Lord Salisbury his stood all the
blows. Ib fell out early in the anti -Turk-
ish campaign that Lord Rosebery was
inclined to bestride the fence rather
than to advocate the interference, which
his party, ineluding the whole of the Non-
conformists, insisted upon. When,on two
public oceasions, Lord Rosebery dodged
She rosponsibiliey thrust upon hirn, The
Daily Chronicle, most able and ardent
anti -Government organ, criticized him
in severe language. Lord Rosebery ap-
pears to have run out bis mosb brilliant,
most fitful, most pathetio career. The
mighty chair now fans to the man who
ought by'righb ,and title to have hael it
when Mr. Gladstone left it—Sir William
Vernon Harcourt.- It is true that be is
70 years old, but, his speech to his Welsh
constituents the day before yesterday
shows hina to be full of vigor, which,
Rosebery lacks. He is in perfect accord
with the masses, which Rosebery was
not. This political teagedy shows thee
Rosebery stood almost alone against the
overwitelming force of opinion of the
mass of the nation. No eveut of past
months shows so hopeful an augury for
the delivery of the Armenians, and as
the Tories, and even Salisburee it is
bellevedethere the sentiments, all humane
Cittistian persons roust feel at the
atrocitiee, a settlement of the Eastern
question is arriving—nag, even perhaps
at this very mornent through neeotia-
thins in Paris—has already been made.
Timber JEloom Broken Open.
Halifax, N. S., Oot.9.—The IMMEMSO
timber boom at St. Mary's river has
broken open, and thirty thousand dollars
worth of logs have one to the sea. The
loss will fall heavily on Miller Bros,.
owners of the timber, and en the com-
munity at horse. Steamers inward report
havine vaned drift loge along the pdtere.
A HIGH-PRICED BABY
A MILLION DOLLAR CHILD NOW
LIVING IN AN INCUBATOR,
Just What Money and Science Are Doing
to Keep the Life in the Midget Grand-
daughter or Thula Armour. of Chicago.
A millionaire baby, the only grand-
daughter of Philip Armour, the Chi-
cago pork packer, is living in a little
world of its own, quite out off from the
rest of humaniby, The tiny girl was
born before she was quite sturdy enough
to breache the air that mortals breathe
and she was at ortoe put into a "brood -
or eneubeitor, as it is nommonly
called. If the doctors succeed in making
her live old Phil. will give tbe midget
$1,000,000 whea they are able to take
her out of tbe machine.
When John Reward, a hundred years
ago, told the world that In a Wallachian
prison be had seen rnen kept in cells
only four feet high and six feet long and
two feet wide women fainted with hor-
ror at the philanthropist's demeiption of
the living death to which these wretched
creatures were condemned. But the sky
of Miss Armour's world is only twelve
flf
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OGDEix alineatnt,
inches above her head and from one hori-
zon to the other the space is only two
feet, and yet the yeung lady deep; not
find the sphere of action limited, for the
only movemene she realtes is to wigge
her pink toes anti open and sbut her
mieroscopic fists.
Witen a chicken first comes out of the
shell it hides under the 'Wing of the
brooding hen, cozily nestled against the
xnother-down, breathing an atmosphere
tempered by passage through the close -set
!tubules of the plumes. In the mechan-
ical brooder in whicb the Armour baby
may have to spend several months the
air is sifted thrnugb layers of cotton -
wool and thus cleansed is supplied with
an added proportion of oxygen front it
tank attached to the apparatus before
being warmed and fanned into the tiny
cell.
The temperature inside the brooder is
kept at 95 degrees Fahrenheit so that
no part of the child's strength need. be
wasted in the generation of animal
heat. Warmth, darkness and silenne are
the three chief characteristics of a child's
environment before it is born and the
use of the brooder makes it easy to ex-
clude both the light and the noise,
which disturb the incomplete human
being. .
Another requirement is that the deli-
cate morsel of humanity should be
towelled and handled as little as possible.
If it were possible to keep it floating in
a bath all the tbne so that there would
never be unequal pressure on its body,
this would be done, but it is not prac-
ticable to do more than provide the soft-
est of beds. As it is necessary to have it
minute kneaviedge of its changes in
weight from hour to hour, the mattress
on the brooder is supported by a male
vthich can at any instant be observed by
the nurse without disturbing the baby.
A special form of stethoseope, fitted
with an India rubber cap and made of
such srnall calibre that it can be easily
introduced between the ribs of the small-
est child, is fitted into the roof of the
brooder and the attendant physician is
thus enabled to detect the earliest symp-
toms of derangement in the chest
Miss Armour's wardrobe at present
consists of nothing but absorbent cotton,
in whioh she is carefully wrapped, and
this is changed so often that she does not
miss the bath which she is not yet strong
enough to take.
Her nutrition too, is a complicated
task. The old system of "gavage," which
was to stuff food down the; throat of a
child too weak to eat, just as meal is
stuffed down the throats of chickens
which are being fattened for the market,
proved unsatisfaotory, for the baby made
an invnluntary effort to struggle against
this process of stuffing, and every effort
involves fatigue where fatigue is to be
most rigorously avoided.
A little glass cylinder was then ar-
ranged so that it would hold half a
dozen spoonfuls of milk, and at the ends
of the cylinder two rubber bulbs were
placed, one of which was perforated.
From this tiny exit the milk is slowly
forced down the child's throat, a droll
at a time. A spoonful of milk is given
every h011t throughout the twenty-four
hours of each of the first few days of life,
and the weight of the little girl, which
was four pounds four ounces when she
was born, has not yet decreased at all.
This, in itself, is considered a great suc-
cess, and is will not be until the four-
teenth or fifteenth day of her life that
ane- increase will be expected.
When she is a month old, she will, if
all goee well, weigh about eight ounces
more. At five weeks of age her weight
ought to be flys pounds, at seven weeks
six pounds, and at ten weeks she will
proliately weigh seven pounds, and be re.
moved froin the brooder. Throughout
this time she will have four or five drops
of brandy half a dozen times on any day
when she seems to be losing strength.
The milk upon which she is fed is
in itself an extraordinary product of the
chemist's skill. When a child is espeoi-
ally delicate the quality of the milk upon
whioh it is fed bas to be changed every
day, and sometimes even every hour.
The proportion of fat, of sugar, of pro
teids, not only varies greatly in the case
of xxillk from different cows, but varies
also In the nailk of the same cow, One
day a cow will feed at a part of the
pastures in which the grass is of such a
quality as to put more or less fat into
her rnilk than would be produced by the
grass only a few yards away. In the
same *way human milk varies from hour
to hour, acoording to the food taken by
the mother, the condition of her general
health, and the amount and nature or
the exercise she takes. It cannot, of
course, be expected that these variation*
in the constituents of natural milk
should coineide with the variations to
the best possible nourishment ef a feebly
The arbificially modIfied milk is pre-
pared by a see:memo of chemical proces-
ses, tbe first of • veld= is seerilieation.
When this has been accomplished, thee
milk is cooled and ite respective proper -
tions of fat, sugar and proteids ascer-
tained. These proportions vary SO greatly
that in an assortment of a hundred
tubes of natural milk there will be
found samples in 'which the percentage
of fat is as low as 0.03 or as high as 4.5..
The percentage of sugar will be seen oleo
to range from 0.87 to 20, while • there
may be froro 0.22 to. 4.0 of proteids.
These various sorts of natural milk eau
eaeily be so arranged and altered that
the attending pbysioian may write a
prescription for any quality of milk he
wants.
At first sight it seems hard to believe
that a child whose 'loath is In se un-
stable an equilibrium that a brooder is
advisable, should be as well nourished
by another food as it would be if it re-
ceived the nutriment provided for it by
nature. It is, however, to be remembered
in this oonneetion that human tmlik is
liahle not only to ohangea which raay
be explained by the merely physical con-
ditions of the mother, but also to the
swiftly succeeding alterations occasioned
by the nervous exoitability, whieh IS Sa
much greater In the case of any other
mammal and which is especially great
during the few weeks succeeding the
birth of a ohild.
Dr. Botch, of Harvard University.
whose experiments and researches have
done so much for the study of soientifie
lactation finds that the chemistry of
equipoise and lank of equipoise of the
mammary produot is very closely con-
nected with the proteid elerneat. It has
repeatedly been found that seasons of
fasting with their acooropattying excite-
ment of the emotions so deranged the
equilibirum of the milk that the propor-
tion of fat has run down to 0.88 per
cent. with an immediatti resulb of that
loss of weight on the part of the infant.
• Nor is it the opinion of Dr. Rot= and
of careful observers that human inlik Is
more sure to be devoid of bacteria than
the milk of a cow. The internal organ-
ism of a child which is delicate 'enough
to need enclosure In a "brooder" must
certainly be ill adapted to struggle
against bacteria. This is another reason
which counts very strongly for the in-
creased favor with which physicians re-
gard the employment of artificially corm
binecl and prepared milk. A great many
experiments have been made with the
milk of an ass and the mare, but ale
thought there is every reason to suppose
that their milk might ehangein its com-
position if these animals were generation
after generation bred exclusively with a
view to their employment in the dairy,
they ars not at the present time import-
ant factors in the problem of finding tbe
best possible food for children who need
suoh clue as does the little Armour baby.
It Is interesting, in this connection,
to observe that in the ancient Assyrian
sculpture cows are represented with
udders so sightly developed as to make
it quite evident that they were at one
time regarded as producers of eneatrather
crLass pc,rretiNTIOC't
1*•,
CC
1,,eatee '
igte
kgiemtcs.7-i-i:f(movoiwiee
CSCRL.E5
FTESN
"ci A a a
eN TtNa CLU
w
DIA&R.A,M OPTt1e. INCUBATOR
than producers of milk. When as much.
attention has been paid to produoing
ranch mares and iniich asses as has been
given to the development of the milok
00W, it may very well happen that the
sort of food which is being given to the
Chicago baby at the rate of a spoonful
an hour will be obtainable at the cost of
very much less manipulation and modi-
fication than are now involved.
The Armour baby was on the first day
fed with a modified milk, of which the
proportion of fat was 1 per cent., sugar
3 per cent. arid proteids one-half of 1 per
cent., and to which 5 per cent. of lime
water was added. The proportion of
sugar has been increased from day to
day, and the milk enriched by a some-
evhat slighter increase of the proporitons
of both fat and. proteids.
Each indication give, by the condi-
tion of the delicate stomach is thus im-
mediately followed by the change in the
composition of its food which seems to
be oalled for. As a rule the clearest in-
dication is afforded by the readings of
the scale, which show the minute altera-
tions in the little girl's weight from
each morning until each afternoon.
Tbe temperature of the "brooder" will
be decreased from day to day. It has al-
ready been brought down to 33 degrees,
and although during the three weeks it
may probably be necessary to raise it
again to 87 or 88 it is hoped that at the
sixth week, when a little light will be
for the first time admitted, the tempera-
ture can be brought down to 78. Seven-
ty-five ought to be reached about the
seventh week, and at the tenth week the
-
"brooder" will be heated to a tempera-
ture of only 70 degrees, no more than
that of the well -warmed rooms of the
nursery to which Miss Armour will
emerge from the little world lef her own,
in which she is at present experimenting
and trying to make up her mind whether
the larger world looks like an agreeable
sort of it place.
At the New York Nursery and Chil-
dren's Hospital:, Lexington avenue and
fifty-first street, "incubators" are he daily
use, and although the babies who in-
habit them from time to time ate not
millionaire babies, Dr. Evans and thp
nurses take as much care of them as It
they were.—.N. Y. Times.
in the Gallery.
"Would yoa mind sitting down there?
You're not transparent."
''Now, that's queer. My wife tells me
she's been able to see through rae these -
five years."
Remarkedile Suggestion.
• "Why does that Blodgett girl wear
such a thick veil?"
• "She thinks it increases her beauty."
"Then why doesn't she get behind a
soreen door?" --Cleveland Plain Dealer.
• Not That Bad.
"Is marriage regarded as a failure in
Chicago, where there are so many
divorces?"
"Oh, no. It is regarded asa temporary
embarrassment merely.'?
gitlantilelte.0 -