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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Exeter Advocate, 1896-6-4, Page 4THE mer Abulnate, Chas. F3. Sanders, Editor and Propt 'THURSDAY JUNE 4.T.1:1 1896 RIGHTS OF MINORITIES At;. IMPORTANT STATEMENT FROM SIR LEONARD l ILLE1 ON TOE MANI- TOBA SC11001. CASE. Any fair discussioe of the 'Manitoba :school question leads back to the time. that ltupert's Land became a Prov ince a Canada. The claim of the minority tlep+ands upon the compact of union. tied the controversy involves historical questions as much as educational pol- icy, Manitoba became a province of Can• ada, in July, 1870, as a result of legis latiS e action by the Canadian parlia meat in the preceeding winter session, Though the act of union is at imperial statute, the terms were adopted by the Canadian parliament ou the recom- mendation of the government of the .day. Not one member of the ministry as eonstituted in the winter of 1870 is in the present government. Only one member of the council which was re• sensible for the Manitoba act is in the present House. Only four of the twelve are now living. Sir Hector Langevin in his brief speech ou the Remedial Bill stated that the compact with Manitoba. contained a distinct pledge that the rights of the Iloman Catholics as to separate schools should be preserved to them. Mr. _Mitchell, in one of his addresses iu Nor- thumberland, a few weeks ago, gave still more emphatic testimony to the same effect. Mr. Aiken has not, so far :Is we know, made any statement. The other one of the four is Sir Leonard Tilley, who was in the winter of 1870 one of the three most influential mem- bers of Sir John. A. Macdonald's govern- ment. With the view of obtaining from him a statement of his view as to the original compact with Manitoba, a representative of the Press called upon Sir Leonard recently at his residence. "Would you consent to make a state went based on your own recollection of the compact with Manitoba as it bears on the school question?" Sir Leonard was asked. "I have no objection to that," he re- plied; though as I have not qualified snyself for discussing the measure now before parliament, I would prefer to leave to others the discussion of the de• tails of the Remedial Bill." "In my opinion," Sir Leonard added, t'we must, in order to consider the ques- tion fairly, go back to the time of the anion of the other provinces in 1867, The subject of the privileges of the minorities in respect to school was first dealt with by the Quebec and London conferences, and the arrangement with Manitoba was clearly understocd to be an the same lines." "Well, as you were a member of the Quebec and London conferences, sup- pose we begin with them." "At Quebec when we were deciding which subjects should be assigned to the local legislatures and which should be left with the general parliament, it was proposed that education be given to the provinces. Then the ques- tion arose at once about protection to the religious minorities in upper and lower Canada. "In the old province of Canada, which included Ontario and Quebec, protec- tion was afforded by the fact that the minority in one part was the majority in the other, and any disposition to do injustice in one section was thus held in check. But it was felt that if each province were given absolute power in this matter, the minorities might suf- fer. "I may say that the question was discussed as one affecting the upper provinces only, and that it was brought vtp by Mr. (afterwards Sir Alexander) Galt in the interest of the Protestant minority in Lower Canada. He was a 'member for one of the eastern town_ .chips, and was regarded as the spokes. snan of the Quebec minority. In the •convention he was very outspoken and !emphatic, pointing out that the Protes• tants would object to an arrangement which would leave their schools entire ly under the control of the majority in lower Canada. After some discussion Mr. Galt proposed that the clause as- ;signing education to the provinces sliquid be made to read as follows: Education; saving the rights and privileges which the Protestant or Catholic minority in both Canadas may possess as to their de- nominational schools at the time when. the union'goes info operation. "This was adopted by' 'general: eon- sent." eButinLo y ndon- ou renewed•the dis 116400,0 course? "Yes, . When we met there Mr, Galt said that he was not yet satisfied that the minority, which he represented, was fully protected. There was .no way provided for enforcing the provision agreed on at Quebec. He wanted a clause put in to provide a remedy in c,lse the privileges were withdrawn, So when we reached the education clause in the Quebec draft as he bad amended it, he proposed these addition- al words: And in any province where a system of separate or dissentient schools by law ob. tains, or where the local legislature may hereafter adopt a system of separate or dis- sentient schouis, an appeal shall he to the governor -in -council of the general govern ment from the acts and decisions of the lo- cal authorities which may affect the rights and privileges of the Protestant or Catholie mivurity in the matter of education, And the general parliament shall have power in the !aid resort to legislate on the subject. In Mr Pope's Confederation Docu- ments :you will find this clause repro- duced in Mr. Galt's handwriting just a5 he submitted it. Underneath is given in the original writing Sir John Macdonald's memorandum of the vote taken on it." Noya Scotia. Yes. New Brunswick. Yes. Canada. Yes. This is part of the 4th subsection of 43 clause. "At later meetings the provision for the protection of minorities was further strengthened and expanded, and finally appeared as you find it now in the Brit- ish North America Act, "From first to last the principle of in- terference was pressed by this Protes- tant delegate in the interest of the Pro- testants. But all, both Catholic and Protestant, felt that what Mr. Galt was asking was just, and that it was the only way in which the minorities for which he spoke would feel that they might safely go into the union. "This, I suppose, brings us to the Manitoba negotiations," suggested the Reporter. "Yes; I said that the terms of union as to schools were in my mind closely connected with the condition of the original union. The reason is that the delegates from Manitoba, as I distinct - !y remember, claimed that the minority there should be placed in as good a po- sition as the minority of Ontario and Quebec. "This was agreed on. We went fur- ther. Because it was doubtful whether the schools of Manitoba could be said to "exist by law", in Manitoba the clause was made to read "by law or practice," in order that the minority might be absolutely sure of protection. . We who were members of the government at that time could see no reasonable ob- jection to granting the same privileges in Manitoba that were given in Ontario and Quebec. "You feel quite certain that the in- tention and agreement was that separ- ate schools should be granted to the minority if they desired them? "Unquestionably I do. There is no doubt about it. I believe that when the measure was before parliament a proposition was made to strike the clause out. It was then held by the government that the terms of the bill Were an agreement between the Mani- toba delegates and the government, which would not be binding on Mani- toba unless ratified without change. The proposed amendment did not re- ceive strong support, and the terms were•adopted as prepared. Sir Donald Smith went out to Fort Garry as a commissioner of our government, and had a great deal to do with the arrange. ments for the conference between the Manitoba delegates and the govern- ment. You will see by the statement made by him the other day in parlia- ment that he strongly supports what I have said as to the solemn contract we made at that time. "As to the present issue on the school question would you be willing to make a statement of your views? Sir Leonard observed that he had not taken part in political discussion for eleven years and had no particular ambition to do so now, but he bad clear views as to the duty of the country in the matter and saw no reason for con- cealing them. "It appears to me," he said, "that there can be no question as to the rights secured to the minority of Manitoba by the constitution, and since the highest court in the empire has declared that there is a grievance, I cannot see why redress should be refused. I look at it as a solemn compact between the par- liament of Canada and the people of. Manitoba,and I think it would be a great misfortune if it should hereafter be shown that any of the constitutional en- gagements or compacts should be vio- lated by the neglect or refusal of the Dominion to carry out its undertak lugs." Sir Leonard went on : "It • seems to me''yery important that the history of . ase shoo d'�be'und stood the'case 1 �r o -, because, my.obser anon has been that many, : of both parties who oppose Remedial Leg• isiation do so because they are opposed to,separate schools, I cannot help think- ing that when the people come to see that it is not a question of policy at all but a question of eireserving the con- stitution and maintaining a solemn , compact, they will Ont condemn the I principle of Remedial Legislatiou what-' ever view they may take.of other mat- ters of government policy. I know that many mete Who sere condemning l e.mcdial Legislation would honestly and faithfully carry out their personal compact even 10 their own hurt, aucl 1 do not Re why they should support the violation of a corn pact by a publiebody, "It seems to the that synipathy ought to go out to the aggrieved rather than to the aggressor in Manitoba. If the case had been otherwise, and Quebec proviuce had repealed the provisions allowing Protestants their separate: school, we wonid have protested and demanded protection and would be jus- tified in doing so. "As to the Remedial Bill, I do not flat- ter myself that I am as competent as some others to discuss its details, but it certainly seemed to me that the offer made to.Mr. Greenway's Government by. Sir Donald Smith and his fellow commissioners was not unreasonable." In closing the interview Sir Leonard said: "Personally, I have not taken an active part in politics since 1 left the ministry in 1855, It is • true that my recollections and view have to do with practical politics, but I do not see why I sbould refrain from expressing them ou that account. Whatever the effect might be in the im endiug contest, 1 would be only too glad if what I have saidshould lead any supporters of either party to look more closely into the his. tory of the Manitoba question. Those who do so will, I think, come to regard the matter no longer as a question of separate schools against non sectarian schools, but will see that the real ques- tion is whether as a nation we intend to keep faith or to break it." West Huron Teachers Conven- tion Continued from last week Tho minutes of the previous day were read and approved. Mr. D. Robb, I. P. S., East Huron, was present, together with several ex - teachers. On Motion of Inspector Tom, second- ed by G. W. Holman Mr. Robb and ex teachers of the County were invited to participate in the discussion P. S.Leaving Literature -"The Cane Bottomed Chair" was then discussed by T. J, Lockhart, M. A., of Exeter. Mr. Lockhart took the members of the Institute as a class, and made the lessou very instructive and interesting. The subject was further discussed by several of the teachers. B. D. Grant, Science Master of Gode- rich C. I., then took up Primary Botany, Several plants were distributed among the teachers and Mr. Grant gave an excellent practical lesson on the ex- amination of plants which was highly appreciated, The Resolution and Copy Book Com mittees presented their reports which on Motion of Mr. Strang, seconded by Inspector Tom, were received and laid over for first order of business at the afternoon session. The Association then adjourned to meet at 1.15 p.m. AFTERNOON SESSION The Association met at 1.15 p. m. the president in the chair. The reports of Committees were then taken up, considered, clause by clause, and finally adopted as follows: We the resolution committee of the West Huron Teachers' Association beg leave to submit the following resolu- tions for your consideration, viz: 1. That the summer vacation would be a very unsuitable time for the meet- ing of our Association. 2. That if a new Canadian History be adopted, margined notes, dates, etc., be indented. 3. That no extensions of certificates be granted. 4. That after giving due considera- tion to the resolutions passed in the Public School Department of the Onta- rio Educational Association we suggest the adopting of the fallowing resolutions viz:—No's 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8,'9, 1st clause of 11, 12, 14, 16, 17 and 18; that No's 1, 7, 10 and 19, be amended. That we disapprove of No. 13, our resolutions thus reading as follows:— A. That it is a matter of regret that the Minister intends to abolish after 1897 the granting of non-professional Specialists' Certificates to any but those obtaining the degree of B. A. B. That while the recent amend- ments to the Public School 'Act re- quire the teachers of continuation class- es to hold First Class Certificates, this Association is pleased to have the as surance of the Minister that the inter- est of all teachers at present engaged in such work shall be properly safe- gnarded. C. That while this Association re- grets that the Minister did not see fit to preserve in its original form that clause of the Bill establishing the Educational Council, but that we accept in good faith his assurance that the r° Public School teachers shall have fair repre- sentation upon it and greater influence •thereby, D. That Entrance Districts, should coincide with Inspeotoral Districts, with one board of Examiners for `each" District:: E. That reading be not simultaneous with other subjects, and that due pre- cautions for secrecy be taken as to the , matter to he read, F. That eo literary selections be placed ou the Public School Leaying Course that are not found iu the Prim ary Course. G. That "The Forsaken Aleutian" should be discontinued from the mein orization selections for the Entrance Ls a minatio n. H, That the standard for Entrance, Public School Leaving, Primary, and Junior Leaving Examinatious should continue to be 34 per cont. on each. subject and 50 per cent, on the aggre- gate. I. That the non professional qualifi- cation for Inspectors' Certificates should remain as at preseut, but that an ex- perience qualification of at least tan years be required, 11ve of which shall nave beeu spent in a Public School. J. That the Ontario Government furnish each school with copies of such reports as may be deemed valuable for Educational purposes, K. That the age limit be 19 years, for teachers entering the profession. L. That the Board of Examiners for the Entrance and Public School Leav- ing Examinatio,us consist of at least 7 members, one of whom seal! be the P. S. Inspector, a representatiye from the High School or schools appointed by the Minister of Education, and five public or separate school teachers, as the case may be, who shall hold at least, a 2ud class professiona I certificate and who are actually engaged as teachers in the public Cr separate schools in the In- spectorate, and the appointment of these to rest with the Teachers' Associ- ation. M, That Canadian History be con- tinued for Entrance classes wish brief outlines of British History tc the end of the Tudor period. N. That the present series of Public School Drawing Books should be with• drawn and a new series issued, in which the best drawings in the present series be retained, and the blank spaces enlarged so that the drawing's done by the pupils may be enlarged. 0. That this Association recommends that candidates holding Junior Leave ing and higher certificates be eligible to enter the Normal School without at- tendance at the County Model School P. That the Secretary of this Asso elation be requested to forward to the Minister of Education, to our represen- tatives in the Legislature, and to the Secretary of Public School Department topics of all resolutions passed at this Association. The Copy Book. Committee reported the following which was adopted: (1) Resolved that this Association express its disapproval of the autorized system of vertical writing lately intro- duced for use in our public schools, our objections being based on the following grounds. (1) That the shapes of the letters are not suitable for aiding ex peditation in writing, for instance f g h p z and s are almost printed,thus requiring much more time than is necessary in their formation. (2) That on account of the letters not being spaced for Junior pupils, teaching uniformity in the relative heights of the letters, is made much more difficult for the teachers, (3) That the book itself isnot neatly gotten up. (4) That by not having the letters joined, fast writing is rendered diffi- cult. (5) That the books for senior classes contain no commercial forms, We are moreover of the opinion that the Gage's System of vertical writing meets more fully the requirements of the Public Schools than the authorized system. Miss Sharman then proceeded to dis- cuss the grammatical difficulties in the "Forced Recruit at Solferino" and dealt with the subject in a very pleasing and able manner. The topic was discussed by several of the teachers. Votes of thanks were passed to the trustees of the Exeter Public School Board, the teachers of Exeter and those who took part in the entertainment of the previous evening. It was decided on motion that Mr. Delgaty give his report of the proceed- ings of the 0. P. T. A., which he did in a very interesting manner giving much information. Mr. Tom occupied the chair during the delivery of the President's report. On motion of G. W. Holman, seconded by G. Baird, Mr Delgaty's report was accepted and his expenses ordered to be paid. It was also decided to pay the care- taker the usual fee. All unread papers, on motion of Mr. Hagan, seconded by Mr. Baird, were laid over till next meeting of the Asso- ciation. ' On motion of E. J. Hagan, seconded by B. D. Grant, the assoeiation adjourn. ed to meet at the call of the executive. committee. Mr. G. Baird gave notice that at next meeting of the Association he will. move that one periodical be bonused. • 75 teachers in attendance. G. W. HOLMAN, Sec.-Treas. Perfect Wi 9dom Would give us perfect health. Be- cause men and women are not perfect- ly wise, they must take .medicines to keep ` themselves perfectly healthy. Pure, rich blood is the baiis of good. health. Hood's Sarsaparilla is the One True Blood Purifier. It gives good health because it builds upon the true foundation—pure' blood. Hood's • Pills are purely vegetable perfectly harmless, always reliable and beneficial. 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