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The Exeter Advocate, 1890-9-4, Page 2THE CENTRAL STRIKE, The Knights Still Hold Out and tho Railway Clabs its Work NOS Oa. A STAMP, AT OHIOA.GO, A New York diepatola of last (Tuesday) night says: Edward Cassidy and Peter Broonan, striking New York Central rail- road employees, who assaulted two freight handlers in the employ of the company recently, were convicted of the offence to -day and sett to prison for three months eaoh. Two thousand people assembled in Union Square to -night and listened to speeches by Robert Blissert, Mrs. Margaret Moore, Hugh Greenman, Terrence V. Powderly and others, denouncing the employment of Pinkerton men, the action of the Brother- hood of Locomotive Engineers, and the antooratio conduct of Vice•Preeident Webb, of the New York Central, The Grand Central depot was quiet to- night. Mr. Webb left for home early, and said he anticipated no more trouble. ARBITRATION NOT EFFECTIVE. An Albany despatch says: Commissioner Donovan, of the Board of Mediation and Arbitration, said to.day that the board, at its meeting on Thursday morning,would i decide whether or not they should nvesti- gate the causes which led to the Central strike. The board, for purposes of investi- gation, is authorized to subpoena wit. nessee, compel their attendance, and to send for persons and papers, but could go no further., They have no power to enforce ' a settlement. VEA wincine airs. District Master Workman Lee to -night received a letter from Mr. A. W. Wright, of the General Executive Board, saying in substance : "From the responses already made to the appeal of the General Master Workman, and from the assurances of general financial assist ance being received from all quarters, the board feels justified in saying that within two weeks from this date the General Executive Board will be able to commence extending financial aid to the men who are on strike on the Van- derbilt system." LOONS MUCH LIRE COLLAPSE. A Schenectady deepatoh says: Nine D. & H. yardmen went out on strike here to- day because the D. de H. Company were taking Central freight. Their places were Iled by new men and businese continues, The New York Central & Hudson River Railroad pay car was here to.day and paid all the strikers in full to August 8th, the day of the strike. The oar left the city about 245 p.m., and several of the strikers at once made application for reinstatement, declaring that the strike was a failure. WEBB PROFESSES SATISFACTION. A New York despatch says: Vice - President Webb this morning said every- thing along the entire line of the road was in good condition, and that freight was moving briskly. In fact, yesterday as much freight was moved as during any day preceding the strike. Five hundred and forty oars were exchanged with the Boston & Albany road alone. He reiterated what he had said before relative to the company having any feeling against labor organiza- tions. Superintent Voorhees stated that the Knights of Labor, in case they forced a strike, could not do the Central any harm, though with the connecting lines they might cause inconvenience. SHOOTING AGAIN. John Moline', a freight conductor, run- ning between Troy and East Albany, fired three shots from a revolver at a crowd of strikers near the iron works this after. con. No one was hurt, but the affair caused intense excitement. Malin° was arrested. He claimed that one of the strikers stoned him. TRAFFIC ARRANGEMENTS. A Chicago despatch says: The following despatch was received to -day at the offices of the Lake Shore Railroad, from George H. Daniels, general passenger agent of .the New York Central: "Our operating de- partment has authorized the freight depart- ment to resume the carrying of perishable freight, and all our traffic is being moved SS usual. Passenger trains are on time and no further trouble is anticipated." Another Chicago Strike. A yesterday's Chicago despatch says: The switchmen on the Chicago & Alton Bethany struck last night and the strike continues to -day. The passenger trains are moving all right, but the freight trains are tied up. There has been no violence. The company wished to place one of the old employees in charge of the road at Brighton, whereas the men wanted a man of their selection. The company refused to grant this and a strike resulted. There is no dissatisfaction among the men re. garding salaries or treatment. Forty-five are out altogether. WEAL THE STRIEERS WANT. General Manager Chappelle, of the Alton road, says none of the strikers will be re- employed. The foreman whose discharge caused the trouble was promoted from switchman, but proved incompetent. His successor formerly had the position, but went into the service of another road. The company, says ei.r. Chappelle, is willing to promote men from the ranks, but will not put incompetent men where they do not belong. It is said the Switchmen's Union has informed the strikers that they have a just grievance. The strike is unauthorized. The road's freight traffic is pretty effectu. ally tied up. The switchmen say they object to the new foreman bemuse he is tyrannical. The difficulty has cost those directly interested not far from half a million dollars. GREAT LOSS CAUSED. The packers who shipped their meat to meet certain steamers and markets have been unable to do so, and contracts have been forfeited. There are 150 cars of dressed meat in the yard, and each car contains 20,000 pounds. Swift & Co'scars, that have been standing near their house mince Friday, were opened to.day, and the contents were found to be spoiled. None of the big packers except Swift and Armour did any killing to.day, and they did but little, In the stook yard e but little pur- chasing is being done. The police have driven all the strikers out of the yarde, and have formed a cordon about the place. The Wabash was the first road to make a move. It had three engines in the yards. TEE STRIRTNG ASSOCIATION DISSOLVED. At the engineer refused to take them out, eafficers of the road =mated the cabs as engineers and firemen, while others sated as steitohrcteta, and the onetime were taken away to the roundhouse amid the jeers of the idle multitudes outside the police cordon. The news that the Switching Association had been disnolved caused a meeting of the strikers to break tip hur- riedly. The engineers realized the change in the eituktion also, end when ordered proetleded to take their engineti to the ef011tedbentletl, lareebleaLlt Ittintnteen; Xetre Haub, rnd, geopstob atty. At 0 o'clock thie evening the following message Was sent out by the Counoil of Raitway Employees ; ae V. Powderly, General Motor Workman, L of L., Btanwix Hall, Albany The Supreme Council adjourned this after- noon after carefully considering the strike in an RS details, You Will note the report of our deliberation in to.night's despatehea, whit% it is hoped will meet with your approval. The Poling:di was unanimous hi endorsing your posi- tion and the position or the Grand Executive Board, and, most earnestly hopes that th which you are championing in the ti t con- flict on the New York Central, may final ey and POWerfully prevail, (Signed) W. P, RAIMENT, President. W. A. SECEALIA2i, Secretary, The Federation's 11,1anifeeto.. The council having heard the statement of its members who had visited New York for the purpose of ascertaining the true condition of affairs, exhaustively dieoussed every important proposition, and arrived at a conclusion as follows: First—That the position of the K. of L., as set, forth by T. V. Powderly and the General Executive Board of the N. of L., moots with our unqualified approval. Second—That the course pursued by H. Walter Webb towards Dlr. Powderly and the K. of L., notwithstanding his declarations to the con- trary, evinces a purpose to disrupt and destroy labor organizations on the New York Cen- tral and Hudson River Railway, as was done by Austin Corbin on the Philadelphia & Read- ing. Third—That the policy of H. Walter Webb is despotic to an extent that outrages every prin- ciple of American citizenship, and if generally adopted would, if successful, reduce American Workingmen to the degraded condition of serfs, Fourth—That H. Walter Webb, by the employment of Pinkerton thieves, thugs and murderers, vile wretches from the slums and brothels of New York and other cities, to kill workingmen because they dared to protest against his rule and strike ,for their rights, .is guiltyof a crime of such enormity as will associate the name of H. Walter Webb forever with those who, dressed In a little brief author- ity, have used their money to secure power to degrade their fellow -men. Fifth—That the efforts now being put forth by H. Walter NA ebb to destroy the K. cf L. would, were circumstances changed, in like manner be made to destroy the organizations of engineers, firemen, conductors, trainmen and switchmen, and if successful, it is only a question of time when a similar effort will be made to seal the fate of other labor organizations. Sixth—That Walter Webb, by the course he has pursued towards the K. of L. and repre- sentatives of laoor organizations, 1i.s shown a total disregard of those princip us of citizen sovereignty dear of all and every American worthy of the name; and considering only his money power and the corporate power ef the company he represents, his acts, which speak louder than words, say, an the language of W. H. Vanderbilt, once the autocrat of the New York Central, "the people be damned." Seventh—H. Walter Webb seems to support his arrogant attitude towards workingmen and labor orgaelizations by assuming that the New York Central & Hodson RiverRailroad is private property, and that his acts in the treatment of his employees are in no sense a matter of public concern. That he can with impunity discharge mon and remand them to idleness and poverty, and render them homelez s wanderers, without giving any reason or explanation whatever for his conduct; disregarding the fact that the cor- poration for which he plays autocrat is a thing created by laws, in the making of which the men he seeks to degrade have a voice which, once unified, will bring his corporation to the bar of justice, where his millions and the other millions he represents will cease to be potential in directing questions of right. CANNOT ENTER THE STRIKE. In view of the foregoing facts the supreme council put upon record its unan- imous• and unqualified approval of the strike on the N. Y. C. & H. R. R. R. for the cause set forth by T. V. Powderly, as also the efforts made by Mr. Powderly to bring the strike to an honorable termina- tion. In this general expression of approval of the action of the K. of L. the course of Vice -President Webb is unequivocally con- demned. I he power of the supreme coun- cil in the matter of the strike has been exerted to aid the K. of L. through their representatives to secure the recognition of their order by the official d of a rich and powerful corporation, to secure for work- ingmen, the victims of autocratic power, a hearing, and to perform such other kindly dices as were proper under the circumstances, demonstrating sympathy and good will, and thereby aiding the Knights of Labor to bring the strike to a close upon the principles of right and jus- tice. In this the council met with failure, owing to the autocratic attitude of H. Walter Webb. It now becomes necessary for the supreme council to say that owing to the fact that the order of the K. of L. is not a member of the Federation of Railway Employees the laws of the supreme council do not permit its doing more than it has done to aid the K. of L., and its inability to participate otherwise in the etriee is now known and appreciated by Mr. Powderly. PROM A RAILWAY SOURCE. An Albany despatch says :—A few through freights were moved on the Dela. ware & Hudson this morning, but no local freight ha e been sent out as yet. The police are patrolling the yards of the com- pany in this city. Supt. Hammond, of the Delaware do Hudson, at 11 a. m. said :—" tee have com- menced moving local freight with a third of our usual complement of men, whom we brought here from other points on our road. I have had more applioetione for work from men right here in Albany than would fill all the strikers' places. I think, how- ever, I shall be content ewith my new force of old employees for the present-, and give the men another opportunity to come back to work. I do not think a general strike will be ordered on our road, as the joint meeting to.day will undoubtedly see that our position is the only sound and safe one that can be taken on the question in controversy." courenntor FACE TROUBLE. A Canadian Shoots Echnself in Illinois— ' me Girl Went Rack on Elm. A Springfield, Ill., special despatch says: Harry Hamilton shot himself through the heart this afternoon and died instantly. He was a hotel porter and worked in the St. James' Hotel, Denver, and had been em- ployed in the Palace Hotel here for a year. He was discharged three weeks ago. He came back looking for work to.day. He had been drinking. Failing to obtain employ- ment he started for Litchfield, a country town near here. He had two valises, and after visiting several saloons left them temporarily with a storekeeper. Then he stepped into an alley and put a bullet through his heart. He said to a companion a few minutes be- fore that he had consumption, that the girl he had loved had gone back on him and that he did not care to live. Hie relatives are not known here,bne live in Millbrook, Ont,,and the body will Want there. Four Killed in a Railway Wreck, An Emigrant Gap, Col., deepatch Bays: At Cascade City to.day a train was stand jug at the summit With aimbrakes set. The air leaked, and the caboose and several oars started down grade. When the run- away train reached Cascade it truck the caboose and one car of another freight pulling in on a side 'track. Conductor Kingsley, of the runaway, and Conductor Connelly and Brakesnien Beaver and Levi of the other train were killed, and one or two others Were badly injured. Nineteen bars were piled up in a mass and the wires prostrated. When ;Tante fettered jerucialene he drove out the Money Changer, bat the great anliety among Many prinioliere to -day ill to get theta in agaire—Newark COUtiet. nu MILES IN ntio MINUTES. 'Porrible Dean of a Iteanaway ear Down Mount Penn—Four Killoin A. Reading, Pa., diepatoh says A horri- ble accident Occurred this forenoon shortly before 11 o'clock on the Mount Penn gravity railway, a mountain route enoiro- ling mount ranu, 800 feet above the city of Readiog. The road was opened five months ago, and has been doing a good business ever since. The oars were taken from a point on the outskirts of the city to the top of the mountains, a distance of five miles. On returning the ears were allowed to go down the mouttain by. gravity by way of another route to the point of starting. This forenoon at half -past ten a ear con- taining about la pasesengers was taken from the station to the top of the moun- tain. This consumed about 30 minutes. On the top of the mountain there is a high stone tower, where the passengers were allowed to alight to enjoy the scenery for 30 minutes. PLOW TICE ACCIDENT occunnio, There are different stories as to the cause of the accident, but it appears that when the tower was reached, the point where the gravity portion of the road commences, the engine was detached, when the oars ran away while the passengers weep still on board. The distance to the point of start- ing is five miles, and it is estimated that this was covered by the runaway oar in three minutes, the oar attainingea fearful speed, estimated at 80 miles ate hour. It remained on the track to the foot of the plane, going around all the curves, while the passengers shrieked in their fright, and several jumped off, When the car reached the station at the foot of the plane it jumped off the track and rolled down a fitty-foot embankment, where it landed upside down, with the passengers imprisoned inside. The greatest excitement prevailed and soon a large crowd gathered. Doctors and the ambulance were sent for and the dead and injured removed. Four were taken out dead. They included Charles Rettow, con- ductor of the oar, and E. M. Levan, a lawyer of this city. ACCCOUNT BY AN ran WITNESS. Norman 13. Wilsher, of this city, who was standing at the foot of themiane when the oar came clashing down the mountain, says he heard first a distant roar, as of thunder, and looking up saw the oar com- ing down the mountain, but sticking to the track, at the rate of about a mile in forty- five seconds. He had barely time to recover himself when the car like a lightning flash dashed past the station and dewn the em- bankment fifty feet below. Mr. Wileher was the first on the ground. He says he found the car turned upside rdown, the passengers all thrown into a contused mass, and that with the assistance of others who arrived, he helped to carry out the dead and injured. There were about a dozen of the latter with broken limbs and battered heads, their clothing being covered with blood. Mr. Wilsher said as the oar fell the united shrieks of twenty voices added terror to the scene. In addition to Edgar M. Levan and Charles Rettow, who were killed, the two others killed were Miss Rosa Pfeiffer, a young lady of this city, and Miss Harriet Hinokle, of Philadelphia. The following will die ; Miss Hiram Schittler and Mrs. W. A. H. Sohmel. Among the injured are: Sallie Pye and Mary Guthrie, of Wilmington, both badly hurt; and Willie Schmel, of this city, both legs broken. A JOURNALIST MURDERED. Shot Down By a Peanut Vendor on a Street Corner. A Detroit despatch says: Fred. Crim- mins, assistant city editor otittr-Evening Sun, was fatally shot by Tony Mann, a peanut and fruit vendor on the corner of tlroghan and Randolph streets this after- noon. He had just left the Sun office for the day and stopped at the Italian's stand to purchase some fruit. As he was examin- ing some plums Manli drew a 38 -calibre pistol from under the stand and emptied one of the chambers inti e Crimmins' abdomen. The latter fell where he stood. " I am killed," he muttered, "What will my poor sister do ? " He was pinked up by sympathetic hands and carried into Huckenstein's dry goods store from where he was removed to Harper's Hospital. The. Walker and McGraw were called and are probing for the ballet. They say the wound is fatal beyond a doubt, and the victim cannot live many hours. Distil ran up the alley between Randolph and Brush streets and was captured by Officers Wolfe and Salle in a barn twenty minutes later. He was taken to the station and looked up pending the result of Crimmins' inj uries. Joy Turned til Sorrow. A Boston despatch says: The saddest story of the Quincy disaster yesterday is told by Judge Edwards, of Louisville, Ry. Be was one of a party of nine ladies and gentlemen and children from Louisville who were north enjoying a vacation. Of the party two are dead, a third is dying, and every member of it was more or less injured. There were in the party besides Judge Edwards, Capt. W. R. Abbott and wife, Mrs. Oscar Fenley, Mrs. Mary Fenley and her three little girls and Miss Susie Fenley. They had been spending ten days at Nantucket. It was their purpose to spend three or four days in Boston. After seeing Boston they were going to Saratoga and then to New York. Mrs. Mary Fenley and her children were to meet Mr. Fenley, who is a Louisville banker. The latter was coming north to attend the bankers' convention in New York. Judge dwards' hands were badly out and burned. Firemen and Engineers Strike. A Chicago despatch of Friday says: All the firemen and engineers employed by the Union Stook Yards Switching Association struck for higher wages this morning. At noon 40 engines, each heving tem men, were lying idle in the 47th street yard. In consequence of the strike 120 switchmen are also idle. The switching or transfer system is the largest in the country, as the association does all the work for the pack- ing houses in the yards. Consequently all work at the packing houses is at a stand- still. The tracks are filled with immense trains of fresh meat, which was destined for outside points. The Thinnest Crook. A Paris, Ill,, despatch says " Shortet " McGill, an all-round crook and pickpocket, made his escape last night from the new jail here by crawling through the sewer pipe leading from the water closet. McGill weighs but 90 pounds. His partner, Henry Morris, followed him, but iltiek in the pipe for nearly two hours and was taken out more dead than alive. I should like to see SeotIond again," said Dr. MoCosh the other day. "Dear old Scotland, with all her great ammoiations and grand and noble men I / can never forget her.. In memory I revisit her every day of my life. I had my ticket bought not long age for a 'Voyage to her shares, but I Was note able when the Unto came to go. Booilatede—I hope yet to see S Oat lora once More.' THM PathiletiVILVANIA CrOLORro The Lees of EroPerty Will Probably Reach A Wiikefiharrr 't °°'° dispatch° °; aye: The Ninth Regiment is on duty assisting the police en maintaining order. Unemployed men wore pressed into eerViee to raise the em - barge laid upon very many of the streets by fallen trees, telephone and telegraph poles. Many owners of buildings have already set about the reconstruction of the injured portions of their property. A careful estimate places the number of buildings demolished and partially destroyed at nearly 300, and some estimate that it will exceed this figure. The loss will probably reach nearly, if not quite, 61,000,000. At the city hospital several victims are mad for. Some of them cannot survive. Exemor OF THE DAMAGE. The number of buildings wrecked was 400. They are damaged to amounts rang. ing from 5100 to 520,000. The total loss is eetimated at over e1,000,000. When the storm swept up towards Scott street a party of boys were on that thoroughfare. Eddy Schmidt, aged 7, was carried 500 feet and thrown into a pond. His skull was crushed. His body was found to -day. George Frye, aged 7, was probably fatally hurt. Two other boys were less seriously injured. A special from Suequehanna, Pa., says : At Brushville, three miles from here, at 6 o'olock last evening, a heavy windstorm unroofed houses and barns, and filled the roads with fallen trees and debris. A house occupied by Luther Hall was partially blown down. A son of Mr. Hall was killed, and another son received fatal injuries. PRISONERS REVOLT. A Nervy Deputy Assailed by Five Des- perate Convicts. An Iron Mountain, Minh., despatch says; When Deputy Sheriff Geo. Keyes, of Flor- ence, Wis., thirteen miles northwest of here, entered the jail at 8.30 last night to look the prisoners into their cells, one of them named Burke threw a lighted lamp into his face and knocked him down. Another named Gallagher covered him with a blanket and held him on the floor while the jail full of prisoners started to escape. Reyes struggled free and shot Gallagher directly over the heart. He also forced an Italian murderer into his cell and fired a number of shots after two who succeeded in reaching the door outside. These were a man named Burke, arrested two weeks ago for robbing freight oars, and a fellow named Wiley, arrested here three months ago for burglary. Gallagher, the one who was shot, died half an hour later, but lived long enough to say that Burke, who is an old convict, had arranged the plan to escape. Burke and Wiley are still at large with the sheriff and a posse after them. Telegrams are in the hands of all neighboring officers. Reyes is a young man, formerly marshal of Florence and acting sheriff during the sheriff's absence. He is congratulated on his nerve. There were in the jail five as tough men as bars ever held. Two were in for murder, one f or attempted murder and two for robberies. Only Burke and Wiley escaped. FENNY RANKS. Institutions of this kind are numerous in Britain, and are useful as teaching the children, who are the principal depositors, halts of thrift. They are encouraged to save their coppers by placing them in these banks, and when the pennies increase until they become shillings and pounds they are again encouraged to transfer them into the Government Savings Banks. By this means they are often enabled to save up quite a tidy little sum for future use. In the poorer quarters even grown up people may be found among the patrons of these unpretentious yet useful institutions. The People's Savings Bank, of West Bay City, Mich., is introducing a rather novel feature into banking there. It is a plan which can be best told in the words of the cashier, who explains it in detail as follows : " I have been for some time past studying to devise some plan to induce children of our fair city to save their pennies and nickels by depositing them in our bank, and think / have hit upon a plan that will greatly please our little folks and get them in this habit of saving, which will do more for them toward building up a good character and making them grow up to good and useful manhood and womanhood, than almost any other one thing. The plan, briefly stated, is this : The People's Savings Bank is having plates engraved at considerable expense, from which will be printed many thousands of pretty gummed stamps; each stamp will represent the value of five cents. In connection with these stamps, the bank has ordered a large number of nice little books containing twenty leaves, each leaf ruled off into twenty squares, and each square being the:same size at the stamps. As soon as everything is ready, the People's Savings Bank will place these stamps on sale with well-known merchants of West Bay City. Any child, or adult for that matter (although the plan is particularly intended for children), can go to any one of the stores that have the stamps on sale and buy one or more at five cents each. With the first purchase of one or more stamps, the .boy or girl will be given, free of charge, one of the books I have already mentioned, in which they will stick the stamp on one of the little squares, and when a page of the book is filled with stamps it will represent a value of one dollar. The book can then be taken to the merchant from whom it was obtained and he will tear out the page and give a receipt for it, and when at length each page of the book has been thus filled, torn out and reoeipted by the mer- chant, the child can take the receipts to the People's Savings Bank and exchange them for a nice, neat bank book, in which will be credited the sum represented by the receipts, which must correspond with the leaves returned to the bank by the mer- chant. The child then buys another or more stamps, gets another book and pro- ceeds precisely as before. These stamps can be obtained at all times when the stores are open, and the drug stores espe- cially are almost always open early and late every day of the week, and baying these stamps is always equivalent to a de- posit in the bank." Should Have Forfeited His Fee. A man 60 years old was married recently in a small German town to a woman 10 years hit senior. The bride insisted on having a great wedding, with the addition of a " Apeoial " marriage sermon from her paddle His feelings can be imagined more easily than described whet the pastor Mom his sermon with the text : "Father, forgive them, for they know not what they do." 'When the cheap Government lands of the West shall have been all taken up, it may be that the Great Dismal Swamp in Virginia may be drained and brought tin- der otativetion, in whioh ease, it is believed, it would be the richest and most productive body of land in the evotld. It lies in the teeth Of the beet markets in the United Stites. THE BT. CLAIR •TUNNEL Great Engineering Feat of Chief Engi- neer Hobson, A DEFIORIPTION OF THE WORK-. (Toronto Empire.) A representative of the Empire, armed with a pass procured from Engineer Hob- son entitling the bearer to be admitted into the tunnel, proceeded this afternoon to make an inspection of that international work, and while there learned many facts of interest to the public regarding this subterranean passage, which have been hitherto shrouded in mystery, but which will now be supplied to the readers of the Empire. The rapidly increasing traffic of the Grand Trunk Railway, with its numerous feeders in Canada and in the United States, made it necessary that some more speedy transportation for cars and passengers should be obtained over the St. Clair river than by ferry boats. A bridge was impracticable, owing to the level nature of the country, and could not be built of sufficient height to allow vessels and steamers, which are continually pass- ing at this point, to sail under. The tunnel is situated one mile south of Sarnia and enters under the river on each side in- tersecting the brick shafts which were sunk by the company on the shores of the river. The tunnel WILL BE ALMOST LEVEL under the bed of the river, the highest part being on the American side, having a fall of one foot in every thousand as it approaches the eastern or Cana- dian side, which will enable any ,water that may chance to get in to run off in that direction. The length when finished will be 6,050 feet from cutting to cutting, and may thus be divided: From the American cutting to the river edge, 1,800 feet ; Canadian cutting to river edge, 1,950 feet ; distance under the St. Clair, 2,300 feet. The tunnelling is done by means of a pair of shields, one operated on each side of the river, which are driven by 24 hydraulic rams of 125 lbs. pressure each. They were manufactured by the bridge works of Hamilton, each consisting of 13 segments weighing 340 lbs. apiece, and a key 220 lbs. in weight, and when the segments were put together in one compaot mass the whole weighed 5,680 lbs. THE OUTSIDE DIAMETER of the tunnel is 21 feet; outside of the shield 21 feet 6 inches. The shield is pushed forward by pumping water into the jacks and forcing the rams against the tunnel walls, which moves the shield for- ward 18 inches, the required distance suf- ficient to admit the castings forming the arch of the tunnel as they are bolted to. gether. As the shield advances the clay is being removed by diggers who are con- stantly at work loading cars, drawn by horses to the portal, where they are elevated by means of derricks, dumped on flat cars and taken away. When the shields come together they will form that portion of the tunnel where they meet, the insides being out away and the iron castings arehing them the same as the rest of the tunnel. The lights in the tunnel are supplied by two dynamos manufactured in Toronto by the Ball Electric Light Company, and uninterrupted communications are kept up with the outside world by means of tele- phone and a complete system of electric alarm signals. THE MACHINERY and all mechanical parts of the work have been from first to last under the direct supervision of Superintendent J. T. Ames, who deserves great credit for the system- atice rapid and substantial manner in which the great work has been pushed ahead. Mr. Ames is an old employee of the Grand Trunk, his services dating back to 1861. Mr. Thos. Murphy has charge of the excavation and has shown rare ability in underground work and in handling men. It may not be out of place here to again inform the public that the tunnel is under the St. Clair River, and not under the Detroit, as is frequently stated by leading papers both in Canada and the United States, and was even referred to on one occasion by one of our leading engineers while addressing an audience composed entirely of engi- neers, as being under the Detroit River. The work is NOT AN AMERICAN ENTERPRISE, as is sometimes claimed by American news. papers, but is purely a Canadian work, the conception of which originated with Engi. neer Hobson, of the Grand Trunk, and its successful completion is due to his engi- neering skill, which has deservedly placed him in the foremost place among the ablest engineers on the continent. The bulkhead in which the looks are sot is a solid brink wall about eight feet in thickness. The locks are placed side by side; they are cylindrical in form, about eight feet in diameter and sixteen feet long. One lock is used for loads going out and the other for employees coming in. The men can go in and out of either look at any time. The looks are constructed of heavy boiler plate, with heavy doors at each end. In order to enter compressed air is drawn from the inner side of the lock until the same pressure is obtained in the look that exists where the men work, and in going out all air is allowed to escape from the loco until it is equalized with the natural atmosphere. The doors are then easily opened. SENSATIONS EXPERIENCED. The only perceptible sensations are felt while passing in and out of the lock. When once inside the sensations experienced are the same as felt in the outside world. The greet object of compressed air in the pre- sent work is to prevent any movement of the clay overhead and keep the gas back, as the workmen are' so rear rook. Pumps are used inside the looke. All water that ao- cumulates and all water and in the hydraulic rams to shove the shields is forced outside of the looks by simply open. Lug the valve on the suction pipe. The presence of the air accomplishes the pur- pose. The drift jot completed connecting the two shields is six fest in diameter and 125 feet long. Pine blooke twelve inches square and two feet long, wedge-shaped to fit the circle, form the arch of the drift. The purpose for which the drift has been put through was to ensure a correct meet- ing of the shields. On Sunday afternoon, when only fifteen feet of the drift remained lobe completed, a hole was bored through with an augur, which enabled the men to converse and to exchange courtesies by shoving a plug o tobacco through. TUE COST. The coat of thie great international sub. way when completed will probably exceed $2,000,000, and, although owned by an independent company, is to all intents and purposes a portion of the railway system of the Grand Trunk, built chiefly in the intereste of that company, yet no other it:allflee, company will be debarred from "What became of that teapot/one Woe,. <gate you bad here yesterday, kill him? NO, I drove him around to the pound.' (MEAN GEDYBO-UNDS, Cost of a Record Breaker--Anionnt audi Variety of Provisions Oonsumed, FIGURES THAT STARTLE ONE. The cost of a single round trip across the Atlantic and back of one of the great ooean eteamehips must be from $20,000 to $50,000, saes a New York despatch to the Philadel- phia Press, the last fignro often bang too small for such a boat the GIC Teutonic, the City of New York or the 0olumbie. The former vessel turned into smoke full $7,500' worth of coal on her last passage to Now York, or about $1,200. each day: If she had been going to Liverpool, instead of from that city, the American coal that would have been used up in getting the same amount of power would have cost about $10,000. Steamship men claim that she must have burnt nearly $10,000 of Welsh meal anyhow, and are not inclined to accept any lower estimate. The Columbia, on her record.beating journey across the ocean, averaged 345 tons daily, or twenty tons more than the Teutonic:hi officers say she consumed, while the Inman officers admit that the City of New York burned 350 tone of coal it day in her last voyage. The coal bill, of course, is the biggest item of expense in fitting out a crack steamer for a trip across the Atlantic, though TED "FEED RILL," as the pursers call it, makes a good second. Every hour taken off the record means a decrease in this important item, too, for it is estimated that four pounds of meat are consumed per minute on a voyage with an average summer passenger list. On some steamers the "teed leill ' exceeds the coal bill, but not on the greyhounds that make the journey in six days or better. AU the boats are provisioned for a fifteen days'. trip, so that, in the event of an actoidenao the bill of fare will not be slighted. Thie steward makes his purchases after scanning the passenger list the day before sailing. The slaughter•houses along the Hudson get the order for meat thirty-six hours before the vessel sails, and they go to work at once killing the cattle. A full passenger liet would compel the steward to put into the refrigerators about 8,000 pounds of fresh beef and half that amount of mutton, 500 pounds of corned beef, 600 fowls, 250 chickens, 80 turkeys, 50 brace grouse, 1,500 pounds of fish, 2,600 pounds of ham and 500 of bacon. Besides these there are pro- portional amounts of other kinds of meat, so that nothing will be mining from the table that could' be found OD the menu of any firet.class hotel on land. The meat disposed of, the ship's steward gives out his orders for ,THE OTHER NECESSARIES. Ten tone Of potatoes go into big bins that look like caverns, and truckloads of other vegetables are dumped beside them. Five or six hundred quarts of milk are sent on board the morning of sailing, together with about 9,000 eggs and 900 pounds of butter. For obvious reasons these are not delivered until the last moment. A single trip uses up 250 pounds of tea also, double that amount of coffee and 1,200 pounds of sugar. Besides these staple articles of , the table there are dozens of dainties sure to be called for by epicurean passengers and which the steward cannot afford to be "just out of." There are four regular meals on ship board every day, but the tables are always ctup- plied with fruits, nuts, etc. These disap- pear so rapidly that the steward estimates three oranges daily per passenger, two and one-half apples and two lemons. The t bread, biscuits and pies are all made on board the vessel, and several tons of flour disappear on a voyage. The cost of man - ming the vessel comes next. The big ones average 300 men, all told. Their pay ranges from e400 or $500 a month for the captain to $15 for the "helpers." Thirty dollars might be a fair average. That would mean $9,000 for the 300 men per month, and few vessels average more than a round trip each month the year through. These three items of coal, food and crew, therefore, foot up over $35,000 for A SWIFT JOURNEY across the Atlantic and back. In addition to these, however, the cost of maintaining docks on both sides of the ocean, offices in all the principal cities, and making repairs to the vessels eats up another $10,000 during every voyage, and often more than that. Where does the money come from? That it does come in is evidenced by the prosperity of nearly all the ocean lines. The Hamburg American Company paid 12 per cent. on its $10,000,000 capital last year, and the White Star is said to have done as well. The French line has always been a great money earner. The agent of one line said the other day that a full cabin list on the crack steamers paid all the expenses. This means four or five hundred passengers who average $90 apiece in fare and money spent on shipboard. That would be nearly $40,000 from the saloon cabin alone. Some or the boats average 750 steerage passengers Westward bound at $20 each, which would represent an addl. tional $15,000 income. FREIGHTS ON THE GREYHOUNDS seldom run over $3,000, because passengers take up all the room. Then Uncle Sam and Queen Victoria make up a purse of $2,500 for carrying the mails on each voy- age. The totals would then read : From cabin passengers, $40,000; steerage, $15,- 000 , freight, $3,000; mails, $2,500; total, $60,500. This would be for only a single'. trip, too, from Liverpool to New York, and if the vessel were equally full going back, \ the companies would be coining money. But the figures given above represent the highest that are obtained by any of the lines, and they are often out in two during nine months of the year. At other times the passenger list is abort, and not more than 200 names are on it. They have lo- be taken care of as well as if double the' number were on board, however, and it is this that eats up the big profit made by all the lines in the Hummer season. The lose of such a vessel as the "Oregon," whioh was sunk in New York harbor, outs the stockholders out of a dividend, too, and the accident to the "City of Paris," which took'. the Inman record breaker into dry docks with her last spring not to yield it up until the "Teutonic' brushed no thirteen min- utes, has lost the Inman people full half a million, China_ is going quite extensively into . railroad conetrumfoin in spite of the ob- structive tactics of its non-progressive statesmen. This movement in China - promises to open neat' fields to the loco- motive builders and other enterprising manufacturers of this country. The large exportations of steam engines end' machinery show that the manufacturere of these products are capable of competing successfully in the rnatkets of the world I in spite of the bardene which the tariff: imposes on therm—Philadelphia new& —An Ohio clergyman surprised his con- gregation last Sunday by making the folletw- log annottnoenaent "I would remind you, brethren, that the collection plate It not a niekehin-the-slot main°, and that a few bills Would come it very handy in the work Of the church." ‘.1