Loading...
The Wingham Advance, 1917-12-20, Page 3tponglonsswant117101(306:78Mazt7t trxeletr-sishenoltteAlVS28011=710 A Cure for Bad Breath "Bad breath is a sign of clecarnd 1 teeth, foul stomach or DTP 1 bowel." If your teeth are goozi, look to your digestive organs ht once. Get Seigens Curative Syrup at druggists. 15 to 30 drops after meals, clean up your food passage and stop tho bad breath odor. SOc. and $1.00 Bottles. Da not buy substitutes. Get the genuine, 6 COLD FRAUDS. A eel& trams properly Managed Will VW fee iteelf almost <seep, season. etiety at the pleat* mute In the gareen eutieueer may lee leet ever winter in a Gold frame. A permanent pit is a good tieing to him where there is room for /t. Tim bottom and walls can be of aelleireto, brick er stone for tite frame te list Ott. The depth should be in Ara OoPiteence with the dentande of the plants trra,, ege to 40 kept in it, taller plants reettielnif greatee ciepth then those for which <told rrarnes are generally ueed. Taro feet is the UPUIta depth of the ex- ea.eation, of a width to suit the ordin- ary six foot mahh, which is three feet 'Wide, and the length is made to be cov- ered by one, two or three or ae Mane more sash as may be required. The sides; of the pit ure built up on the front er aoutti side to a height of eight or ten inches above the level of the ground, and the back or north side is merle about sIx. Maim higher to give proper slope to carry oft the weter from, the sashes tied to obtain the more direct rays of the SUO The frame when completed -will be about three feet deep from the sash In front and tax inches deeper at the back. 13ourela can be used in place of masonery end will be found eervicable fer several yeara. The Advantage of a 'wooden etructure is that it is portable and can be shifted when desired to dif- ferent locations in the garden. The place where the pit Is located tahould be well sheltered and it must he well drained; etanding water in the pit will be fatal. Air and light should be admitted when the weather will permit, and in cold 'weather the pits must be well covered -with mats at night. In cases of heavy now the frtunes may remain covered for two weeks at a time without injury. Cold frames are useful for preserving cauliflower, cabbage and lettuce Mame dining winter and for forwarding lettuce in the early spring. Regeehes can be grown early in mild fearnes, also other vegetebleg, and finally the frames can be used for starting cucumbers after - their ;teas= of usefulnese has passed for other things. Thua a cold frame cart be profitable employed fully eight months In the year. Lettuce, cabbage and •cauliflower can be sown in the open ground and when lane enough, about a month after the *seed is sown, they are transplanted into dee cold frame and covered with the sash as the cold weather advances. Each snail 2 by 6 feet will cover about 600 Plant of cabbage or ,cauliflower and about 800 lettuce plants. All these are nearly hardy and will etand eome freez- ing -without 'injury, but to atand this treatment they must be properly harden- ed. In clean weather, even when the thermometer in the shade goes down as low as 18 or 15 degrees, the plants must lei welt aired, and daily wring must be given as often as the weather permits, and when properly handled no pretee- tton other than the smell is necessary. Young plants of lettuce, ealebage and cauliflower treated in this manner if frozen in the frames previoua to a snow- storm will not be injured if allowed to remain covered for a period as long as two 'weeks If the snow on the eash is heavy enough to protect them from tarther freezing. If, however, the plants are not frozen when tho covering of anow fells it will be necessary in three or four days to remove the anew or tiee plant vell turn white, became weak and the whole crop may be lost. Plants raised in this manner can be set Out In the open ground he the spring weeks before plant* raised in the house or greenhouse. Cucumbers require warmth and must be kept covered, but during warm days Must be well aired. The sun's raye at this meson are very hot and unlees care- fully managed the plants will bo injur- ed by the sudden raising of the temper- ature to a, high degree. Cold frames can be used in the pring for raising lettuce, cabbage and mull - ,flower from seed, and carefully man - Aged, covering. the frames as scs. U the sun goes down and covering Ma sash with mats, the plants will be al- as early as those raised in hot- beds, with far leas trouble and ex - DWG. • Jtey making the pit of the cold ' frame ---aaight inches deeper the frame can then be used at -will for a hotbed. Where more than one Aaah is used on a frarae strips of Wood must be placed acres?" the frame wide enough for the edgeserof the two sashes so they can be pushed backward and forward freely When it is necessary to air, weed or wa- ter the plants. Tho strips must be set into the frames so there will be no air space anywhere under the sashes when they age in proposition. The idea of having the pit. deeper fur hotbeds is to accommodate table manure where it is necessary to depend on this for heat. Where ateam or hot water can be used a much shallower pit will be required. If .mahure in used this is filled In and Packed down by trail:ohm. making it as solat as possible. As manure is some- what *caeca half of the heating material may consist of leaves and these should be gathered while they are to be had. The manure should be*piled u with a layer of leelves between layers of man- ure, end in a day or two vapor will be- gin to arise, when the pile should be turned over Into another potetion and left until the second cloud of vapor nhowa, whie.h will ba M a day or two. It is now ready for tha pit, where it should be laced and tramped down until it is a solid, oven maas, two and half feet deep. The sashes are placed in position and Itept closed until the heat rime and the steam given out should be allOwed to eacape. 'Do not be in haste, waiting patiently about three dears, when tho heating material has conditioned so that a thermometer M the frame shows a tempettature of not more than 00 degrees. The soil may then be put in place and should be from Mx to elatacein inches deep. Now is the time to prepare the soli, two thirds soil and one-third well - rotted manure thoroughly mixed, piled up to beeome incorporated. Turn it over once a month until used. -- NOTES. Sheep graze the pasture. very closely and can thrive on short gram For this reason 9 la pesible to raise sheep on neigh peature land and where grass is , not very tall. But it is not necessary I that sheep be grazed on this kind of Meek as they do botter where there is an abundance of grass suitable for liberal grazing. Every farm needs at least a few sheep. The fixed chargea for maintenance are the same whether a cow is yielding 10 or 40 pounds of milk. The profit In keeping oows over and above that required for maintenance comes from the feeds that are given to the best advantage. To make butter that will keep well, churn only till the butter globules are abota the size of grains of wheat. Then, without collecting or gathering tho but- ter draM off the buttermilk and then wash in cold water until the water dratne off clear. The mailer the Par - Vetere of butter when the washing is done the better can the wash water get faimong them for °leaning. When butter is collectect in one large mass be- rm) washing, the water can only reach the outelde of the mass, heno. much buttermilk will remain In the butter to cause it to become rancid sooner than when it is washed clean. ammarrarr' :fr 4.4"w '="Mrne■ "M=Ell immimmON inemonomal 10.11111111111110111 onommilmoon ummeimmomma rommorrawer, PEI3 t.6IIIETTC) ANVLIM • — ..4„letIONT0• 0g1010 LUCK IN AN AIRPLANE. 1:10141.1.t......2a011111011.1 Curious Bit of Good Fortune That Saved an Army Aviator. Many an army aviator °Wee his life to miraculous good fortune, like tele. British airman whose escape is de- scribed in "Tales of the Flying Ser- vices," by C. G. Grey. An otficer went out on a bombing expedition and met a German ma- chine. In order to save weight he had left his small arms behind him, but he thought it was IL pity to pase by a good target, and so he decided to drop a bomb on. him. But arop- ping a bomb on a swiftly moving mark isanot the same as firing at a fixed point. Se he missed the Ger- man. 'Unfortunately for him, he aleo exposed himself to the fire of the en- emy, and received a rifle bullet in the thigh. To be strictly accurate, the bullet struck his trousers pocket, hit a five - franc piece, broke itself and the coin and distributed the assorted pieces of metal about the lower part of his body. Feeling that he was badly hit, the pilot shut off his engine and dived for the ground from a hoight of about 6,000 feet. When he was a thousand feet from the ground he espied some aeroplanes in a field, and, not know- ing whether he was over German or French territory, he made up his mind to land among the aeroplanes, certain that if they did happen to be German machines he would be well treated by the flying corps. Two hundred feet above ground he completely lost consciousness. but in some curious sub -conscious way he made a perfect landing right along- side of a British motor ambulance. So well did he land that for some min- utes no ono troubled about him. When they did go to look they found a badly wounded officer in a state of collapse. He was promptly put into the am- bulance and sent off to the hospital. There it was found that the bullet had cut a large artery, and that the pilot would have bled to death in a few minutes if the bullet had not aleo cut a muscle, which had sprung back and wrapped itself like a piece of elastic round the artery and formed, as it were, an automatic tourniquet. A War Obituary. Solonlan Grundy aiarried on alondetee Drafted on TuesdaY, Claimed exemption en Wednesday: Wifie learned it Thursday, Sought the Office Friday, Returned him with thanks to his cow - try Seturclay Atte bleW him up all Sunday. That 'wail the end Of Solemen Grundy. a-Coltunbia, State. g-te, A GRAND MEDICINE FOR LITTLE ONES GOOD REASON TO BE PROUD • rwo DuDEs wllo cAmE To sTOOK tavyttltyvirtaltriTi.Patinesrsanoit:rt,th: The following letter was written by a farmer near Yorkton to a friend in Winnipeg in reference to a couple of Youths who came down front the city to help with the harvest. The youths at home "assisted" in a bank for a few hours each clay and thought they were working. After putting in part of a day in an oat field their desire to help to win the war by working in the harvest got a SeriOUS setback, and they hurriedly departed for the busy haunts of trade. The farmer is writing the friend to send out a couple more men. The letter follows; Dear Jehn,—I take my pen in hand to let you know we are all well and rite in the midst of the harvest, but the main thing I want to tell you is about the two dudes from Winnipeg that came down to help with the stooking. I rec'd word from the em- ployment buret u in Winnipeg that they was coming at $2,75 a day and brd, so I was down to the Station to meet them. Well Sir there was two kids got off—long about 18 or 19 years old they was. They was wearing white shirts with big white collar over their coats, and button boots with cloth tops on 'em and nifty suits and checked caps. One of them he was the freshest guy of the two come up to mo and he says Hello Rube, how is the little old alfalfa this fall flippin his fingers ofen the end of my whisicers. The other lad says to me stand right where you are kiddo and let me feast on you: - Oh Alfred isn't that makeup perfect he says, couldn't he step right onto the stage now without ever going near the dressing room. I didn't know what he was talking about cause I only had rey working clothes on. I said are youse young guys looking for work. They said they had como down to pick up a _tittle easy money and secure some relief from the strain of the city. Do you think you can stand stookin I said and they told me they thought they were in pretty good condishun as they had been playing pool all summer. Each of them had a nice new suitcase and I thought they was kind of light when I was throwing them in the democrat. Afterwards when they were at work the missus looked in them and all there was was all kinds of cigarettes, a safety razor and a sweater. When we was driving out to the farm they was asking all kinds of foolish questions abousatidthiet SmartPh Alex one For the last two years the Cana- dian Pacific Railway, _in connection with the Pacific eteamers of the Cana- dian Pacific Ocean Services, has car- ried a very large proportion of the passengers from the United States to Russia, and as these passengers have included a great many American rail- road men, who haveleen surprised at the excellenec of the service, a remarkable volume of trade is de- veloping, greatly to the benefit of Canada itself, Among these paseens gers was the American Railway Ad- visory Commissiom consisting of the leading railway experts of the 'United States, .who travelled from Chicago to Vancouver, and thence to Yokohama, via the Empress of Asia XT. Henry Miller, vice-chairman of this highly important commission, has -written Vice -President G. M. Bosworth a let- ter of deep appreciation, in which, af- ter referring to many individual cour- tesies along the route, he remarks: "You have good. reason to be proud of Your organization and service, and we take this method of thanking you heartily for your kindness and cour- tesy," What's the Answer?. What did Adam first plant in the Garden of Eden? His foot. Why is a stick of tandy like a race horse? Because the more you lick it the faster it goes. Why is a peach stone like a regi- ment? Because it has a kernel. When is wood hard to split? When it is knot (not). What kind of robbery is not dan- gerous? A safe robbery. Why does a dressmaker never lose her .hooks Because Title has an eye on each of them. What IS the difference between an old clime and a new penny? Nine cents. What is that which the more you take from it the larger it growe. A hole. Why is the letter D like a sailor? Because it folios the sea (0). When is a elock on the stairs dan- germis? Wheinit rune down. Why is a bald-headed Man like a huting dog? Ile makes a little hair (hare) go a great Way. Baby's Own Tablets are it grand mellicine for little ones,- They Aro a mild, but thorough laxtttive; are abe 001utely Aide; easy to give and never fall to edit any of the ittillor ills of little Ones, Coilterning them, Mrs. 1715,111106 Z, liastey, tiledscht Road, N.11„ tvritte: "I have Used BOY'S Own Toilet* aed haVe found there perfectly eteirsfeetOrY for my little one." The Tier Are 11014 hy Medieltte dealeril 01" VALI et 2 tante a box Irene The . Wellipeeegedieleescra, Dreekellle, OM, • • .*" worit ought to be pretty good sport, beat tennis all to nothing. He asked me what was the name of the gee gee on the Starboard side and he had the gaul to ask me it he conld have $50 salary in advance. Well that night they kindof opened their eyes when I Showed. them the way to the hayloft to sleep and threw em a horse blanket. One 01 them said, something about Mary Garden perfume to woo the God e‘foreheure Well I had to take a big raplash out of them 80 acres of oats dead riP0 so 1 called the boys along about 3 o'clock in the morning. e went out to the table with a lantern and hol- lered up to ern, After a while I heard a noise and one ot them came down the ladder carrying his suitcase, He seemed to be half asleep. Did you call, mother—he says you seem to be calling early this morning. Where are you going, I says. "I'M going some place to stay all night," he says—"You disturb my rest —what's the matter, couldn't you sleep?" ; told him this was the time we usually got up in harvest time and he says why waste so much time in sleep. I told him it was time to go to work. "What's the idea," he *aid. I told him we were going to cut oats. Are they wild he says. I told him no, and he says why take advantage of them in the dark? Afterwards the other fellow came down. and asked me if I believed in daylight saving, he said I seemed to be a good hand at it. After breakfast we got into the field. Them oats was the tallest you ever seen right up over the horses heads. I was showing them dudes how to stook and one of them asked me if he couldn't get the loan of a steplaader to stand the sheaves up. I could see it was going to be heavy work alright. Well Sir there was a heavy dew on the ground and it wasn't long till them fellows was as wet as though they had been wading in water. 4 pome close to the smart Alex one when I was passing with the binder once and he says Hey, Pop, is there any danger of submarines around here, I'd .hate to get torpedoed juet as I was leaning over to pick up a sheaf. After a while one of the lads hailed me when I was passing. "How is the time," he said. I looked at my watch and told him a. quarter to eight. "Gawd," he said, "I thought it was near 1 o'clock. This is about the time I roll off the little old ostermoer in town," he said. We went to eat along about noon with the sun red hot and them two lads had faces on then1 like the comb of our turkey gobbler. They was clean faded and they just dragged themselves up to the pump. How do you feel says one of en in a 'weak voice. I feel says the other just like Jim Jeffreys felt after he was down for the thied count. I feel like another and then been puttee through a knot hole. You could wring a tub of water out of me right now. Well WI we went into dinner and the milieu* nee the table piled high with new po- tatoee and .enione and. homemade bread and fried - eggs and prunes. Those city yaps just lit into that as it they had been starved for a month. About eight eggs each they et. I says to one ot them is your legs hollow. 1 understand he says right back thee, the board is thrown in with this job, es I says and you seem to be throw- ing it in allright. Why don't you get a pitch fork. Well anyway they felt better atter they had fed up a bit and smarty says to me Alfonso could you have the Q/lef bring in some berencli vintage and a couple of perfectos. The other fellow says when do we take our siesta, 1 says what do you mean and he says when do we hit 'the hay for an afternoon nap, I says riglet back you hit them oats and hit them in a hurry too, it looks like rain, Olt very well Carlos, very well, do not be peev- ed I pray of thee, Well Sir they went at it again and I could a put up more stocks in half an hour than those two did in the next two. After a while I stopped to fix the binder over in one corner and and I heard the two lads talking. How would you like to be up to your neck in water down at the beach one said. And how would you like to be swing- ing in the hammock out on the veran- dah on Carlton street with the maid bringing you out long cold ones in thin glasses said the other. Think of sitting in one of those ice ,houses over in Norwood. Yes or think of be- ing up one the snowfields in the mountains. And all the time they was wrestling with them big sheaves of oats and the sun sending down heat Like you was standing next to a red hot stove. Well by and by I missed them. I made another round of the Tidld and then went over to where I saw them last. Hello I shouted and then I saw one of them stand up be- hind a long row of sheaves they had but up to keep off the sun. "Ad - Vance friend and give the password," said Mr. Smart Alex. I was plum dis- gusted, so I said ithe password is for /oil fellows to get out of here. They looked at me surprised like and then one of them says three cheers, we're Tired, hurrah, hurrah, hurrah, The other lad was sure tuckered out. He Jest raised his head a little and said 4teete a weak voice—Tiger—hurrah—mo- ther was right. And inside of an hour they was on the train going to 'Win- nipeg. Yours truly, HANK. I'd had ten turkish baths one after P.a.—Send me down two MEN. .21111110 - Chats With 1 the Doctor (By a Physician) 000/, PINN.•••••=1•1••=11•100.311.110OIRMISOINWI. ..................amam ALCOHOLIC POISONING. Ordinary alcoholic poisoning -is only too commie the condition being in - deiced, by a long course of drinking, and, the symptoms and consequences are familiar to most people. But acute alcoholic poisoning is a rather differ- ent matter, and may occur accidental- ly, like a case of poisoning by any other highly toxic substance. Alcohol, It can hardly be toe often pointed out, IS in itself a poison, and an over -dose ot it will produce death just as any other poison will. Where a person unused to or unfamiliar with alcohol and its effects drinks, for example, half a bottle of whiskey, in perfect Ignorance of its properties, as I have seen done by a young country girl helping at a picnic party, the results may easily be fatal in a very short time. Alcohol shoule never be left in reach oe children, tot this same reason. The effect of the poison when taken into the system in a large quantity and Tepidly, is so extreme that death may result almost at once. But more usually* the irritating effect get the spirit on the walls of the stomaoh causes collapse, and as the spirit is gradually observed the patient passes into a state of coma resembling that resulting from an ordinary drunken bout, This is due to the narcotic action ot the alcohol on the hem!. epheres of the brain. This unconscious- ness inay be deep or slight, according to the individual and to the quantity of poison absorbed. The limbs are limp and helpless, the skin flusliFd but cold to the touch, and the pupils are dilated. The breathing is deep and sometimes stertorous. Muscular twitchinge are of frequent Occurrence, and may pass into epilepsy. This is produced by the action of certain kinds of spirit, notably absinthe and rye spirit. In fatal cases of alcohol pots- oing the patient may lie in a gradually increasing coma till death occurs from paralysis of the respiratory centres, or he may come round, and then die rather suddenly. A very large Propor- tion of cases, however, yield to appro. priate treatment, and the patient recovers, In any case of acute alcoholic pots. ening a doctor should at once be sum - monad, but in the interval before hie arrival, or whore a doctor is unobtains able, active treatment should at once be undertaken. The patient should be roused by slapping with wet towele, should lee moved. about, and, if possi- ble, the stomach should be washed out with a Soft rubber tube and a tine nen Where sufficiently awake strong coffee should be adminittered, and the patient put in a warm bed, If the pa- tient showe any signe of collapse hot bottleshould be applied together with heated blankets and friction, • 8* Frock Features. Draped skirte. Turkish herds, Belt buckles, Simplicity of cut. COMbined Materials. Itich, colorful einbroideriere Straight end "semi -straight linet. The Dearth of progrefes 111141 eatieed many a man to nee his ulkefulncee. There's the Chintriel 'sweep, Heti lost hie job, and nothing. else tOote hire. 1.1/..1.0.11/11.44./.014•••••••••••••••=••• $.40.01 MUMPS. Mumps is what is commonly known as an epidemic disease, occurring in definite outbreeks, and as it is highly contagious it npreads rapidly, It Is commonest in children.' between the ages of four and fourteen, and is rare in older persons'though it does occur in them also. It is not, as a rule, dangerous, but gives rise to great dis- comfort and pain. Though itself of usually slight importance it is occa- sionally followed by serious conse- quences, so that it is unwise to treat it too lightly. Its incubation period is long, from fourteen to twenty-five days, and a case or tevo have been reported in whieh it has been as long as twenty- nine. It is infectious from the very first, and though the fever and swell- ing may only last from ten days to a fortnight the patient is unsafe to time, for at leaet a week after this Its earliest symptoms are headache, slight fever, and sometimes vomiting. The patient feels ill, and the tempera- ture rises. A few hours later stiff- ness and tenderness are felt in the hol- low beneath the ear and the angle of the pale where a. swelling soon shows itself. This spreads and increases till it covers the greater part of the and neck on the'one side. The swell- ing and inflammation may limit them- selves to the side first attacked, but more commonly spread to the other side, one side being on the way to re- covery as the other begine to swell. It Is rare to find both sides attacked simultaneously. The swelliug if extremely painful and aches a great deal, and tne saw can hardy be moved. Only fluid food cau be taken while the inflammation is at 'its height as mastication quite impossible, and the mouth can hardly be opened. In certain cases and in severe at- tack e the other glands of the body may suffer, andit is from these complica- tions that danger arises. It is there- fore wise to keep the patient in bed while there is any fever, and in the house till all inflammatory symptoms have subsided. The diet should con- sist of nourishing soups, meat jellies, eggs beaten up in milk and so on, things which need no mastication. Local applications of warnith in the form of bread, poultices or hot bottles will relieve the pain and aching. An 'antiseptic gargle should be used once a day to cleanse the throat and mouth. A FEW POINTS ABOTJT SEA - BATHING. There are a few simple rules that should be followed by everybody who wishes to derive the full amout of pleasure and benefit from sea -bathing, The first is never to bathe directly after a meal, the period allowed to elapse varrying according to the amount of food taken. Secondly al- ways wet the head as well as the bOdy or headache Is very likely to follow trona the flow of blood to the head as the cold water drives is from the super field V01111016 of the body, Thirdly, remember that the head is as unpro. tected from the ean while the bather is standing in the water or swimming as It is at other times, and remeraber therefore to wet it frequently. Third. 1Y, it a good brisk reaction does not follow the bathe, have a forebdrathe full of hot water in the dressing -box or tent in Which to stand whilet dry- ing, and use e good rough towel with Vigor. .& blecuit or a piece of bread or chocolate should be eaten after the bathe to satisfy the natural aud healthy hunger whieli follows it. ItAer—.44---elees A GOOD TtetE. (Birmitigham Age-Itoraid) "Here's le letter from Sobblee, He IN pending Idi vacation at a Mountain re. *ore" "Is he enjoying himself'?" "He may net be having nett a good time new, but 1 suspect heap had one. He warits to 'MAW if I'll lend nine money to come blame on." ---....«.4.......0-tor Th4 C$7114O1 Zadbolor Mica ti ree Ulla that the men who courte tittle b14 thieves to get married, • ASIS=1173113101•1116C1111M DRS. SOPER & WHITE - SPECIALISTS Plies, Eczema, Asthma. Catarrh, Pimples, Dyspepsia, Epilepsy, Rheumatism, Elkin, Kid. nay, Blood i Nerve and Bladder Diseases. ICali or send history for free advice. Medicine furnist ed in tablet (mot. Pours -10 a.m. to 1 p.m. and tt to 8 p.m. Sundays -10 am. to 1 p.m. Cozeultatioa Free DRS. SOP,ER d WHITE 25 Toronto St. Tot onto, Ont, Please Mention This Paper. chilies will be required. It le (Mite possible, however, that the observation, or scout machines, Will be DO developed that it will be abls to mount guns of sufficilent num- ber an else to protect itself, nit would prove economical, tor it takes fe0111 four to six pursuit ma.chinee to protect the artillery epotters and photography 'planes. Witb suffielent artillery—three or four guns and gun. ners—the observation 'planes will be able to protect themselves and to at - teed to the special minion that is theirs—gathering information and talc - leg photographs, As this would re- lease four or six pursuit machines the attention of designers is being direct - eta to the construction of larger ma- ehlaes. The various types ot aeroplanes and their armament follow: Avions de Chasse. 1. The "Spad," one -passenger; speed, 200-210 kilometers per hour; a Vickers or Lewis machine gun synchronized to shoot through the propeller., 2, The "Nieuport," one -passenger; speed, 150 kilometers per biour; same armament. 3. The "Avro," one or two -passenger; one or two guns. Avions types "Corps d'arme" used for photography and spotting artillery firer 1, The "Caudron," Gel, pilot and ob- server. 2. "Caudron," G-6, two -passenger, two Machine guns, one forward, one in rear. 3, "Dorand," A -R, two -passenger; I Vickers gun forward; 2 Lewis gutia_dn rear. 4, "Farman," two -passenger; two Lewis guns in rear. , 5. "Caudron," R-4, three -passenger; two Lewis guns forward in turrets; two Lewis guns in rear. 6. "Letort," two Lewis guns in tur- rets forward; two in rear. 7. "Moineau," three -passenger; two Vickers guns forward in turrets; two Lewis guns in rear. Daylight bombing planes: 1. Sopwith, one -passenger; 12 bombs; one Vickers gun. 2. Sopwith •biplane; two -passenger; one Vickers gun forward; one Lewis; gun in rear. For night bombing raids: 1. Voisin-Plugeot; two -passenger; two Vickers guns forward ,shooting through propeller. 2. Brequet-Bichelin; two -passenger; same armament. 3. Farman; two -passenger; one Lewis gun forward. • GERMANY'S COMBAT MACHINES. On the side of the Germans, the com- bat machines are the Ago, the Fokker, the Halberstadt, the Roland, the Alba- tross Bu. The problem of the air comes down to a question of high speed in flying, a high factor of safety and a low -landing speed. The trend of modern design is toward the triplane because that type gives these factors with additional lift- ing powers. The very great stresses caused by sudden changes in direction have been the reason for the collapse of many machines in action before the bullets of the enemy had reached the planee at all. This sudden change of direction in the loops, the side slips, and the tail dives wed by an aviator to gain the valuable position for which he man- oeuvres puts speed at a premium, and in many cases the factor of safety was cut clown almost to zero. It is this new type of combat in air that has bred the new generation of Eagles. The tactics may be divided into three probable clasaes of com- bats. First—Air duels of fighting ma- chines where the object to be gained is to clear the sky of enemy airmen. Second—Air duels between armed bombarding machines, photographing machines or spotting machines. Third—Air duele between large armed airplanes. Fourth—Fighting in formation. CLEARING THE SKY. The first class of combats are settled by these tactics: Tho aviator, being told to clear the sky of enemy airmen, proceeds to a speedy machine to climb as high as he can and remain up until he sights an enemy plane. Then he dives at it, fir- ing as he drops. If he should not bring the enemy down at this plunge, the attacker must land between his own lines and try again by climbing. It would be fatal for him to try to climb again before landing, as his adversary would then have the position against him, and would swoop like a hawk and deetrey him. Both lecarleleneeu and Boelke, the famous German fleece, started this method of attack, and brougnt ciowa many allied machines before theee tacs tics were analyzed. The method, of course, is good only over one's owh lines, despite the fact that all air efforts are made to prevent hostile machines crowing one's line. With a very speedy climbing ma- chine and an expert flyer it would be possible to follow the rule laid down by Major Rees, ot the British Royal Flying Corps, which was to dive as before, but unless an enemy was "out," to loop and start again to climb before the adverse plane has chance to take advantage of the position. Against stow, heavy -armed observe tion planes Um avion de chasse have a harder time, owing to the largo arivament of these other planes. The same dive is attempted, but it will this VARIOUS TYPES OF AIRCRAFT IN BATTLE As this is a war of scientific sur- prises and may later be won in the quiet laboratory of a ,professor of chemistry, it is only natural that the airplane should be constantly changed in design and equipment as either side developed improvements that might be ,copied. Far from being the haphazard ma- chine, claztena about in spectacular fashion and witn nt,pertieular system or tactics, the branch of miir L1gtit41,7. has been highly developed into a sep- arate branch of. military science. THREE CLASSES OF 'PLANES. To begin with the 'planes used by the Allies at present may be divided into three classes: About 20 per cent. of the service 'planes are the very fast avions de chasse, or pursuit ma- chines used exclusively for fighting; 30 per ,cent. are the slower types used for directing artillery fire, for aerial photography and scouting in connec- tion with' infantry and cavalry opera- tions; 50 per cent. are .the slower and larger machines used for bomthng. All of these machines carry machine guns and some of them mount small cannon. Of course, these' proportions vary continually as developments require. At the present time, with the chances of air raids becoming more extensive, an increase in the number of bombing machines may be exnected. To pro- .41113128111•11MINNINP, Bright, Clean Knives are the sure result of -USing Old Dutch because it quickly removes stains, rust, sticky unyield- ing substances, and restores the original luster. CUTICURA HEALS ECZEMA ON BABY Spread Covering Body. Awful Disfigurement, Itched and Burned, Had to Scratch, "My baby was troubled wedo eczema which began on her face and spread over her bedy. It wee in ( a rash and was very sore and inflamed, causing aw- ful disfigurement, the rash itched are; burned making her ecratelt terri- bly and she was cross. "Then I tried Cuticuta Soap and Ointment, Deby wee healed with six ceirse of Cuticura Soap and tierce boxce r.f Cuticura Ointment." (Signed) Mrs, Henry Richard, Murray Harbor, P. a le April 2, 1917. You may rely on Cuticulae to care for your skin, scalp, hair and hands. For Free Sample Each by Mail ad- dress post -card: "Cutieura, Dept. A, Boston, U. S. A." Sold everywhere' 111.49.1MOM•••••••••=im=. time be met with the fire of one or more guns. DUELS BETWEEN HEAVY PLANE2 Tne duels between heavy plauee be, come more a question of marks= r• ship and navigation. The battle pee to the better handled plane or to Mc ono with the better gunners aboard. Formation fighting is the latest da velopraent in air fighting. In MS dace of battle the planes aro Inatome:tie!. as a fleet might be, and these meeiSe chasers move as a solid eettadrem Irate point to point. In the battle, of course, there Is a splitting up into individual duels le i again ability to handle one's earn means life. If a cavalrymaa's horse '5 his best weapon, the airplane) is we,4 out doubt the best weapon et the Eagle of to -day. just as a horse must be groomed and kept up, the machines are Con- stantly overhauled ill camp. Usneeeig two mechanic experts in. fiteir Unen are assigned to each plane, et that there is a personal loyalty established between the flyer and the raechanies in whose hands his life is placed. In the day's work the mechanical -es have the same pride in the perform- ances of their pilot as the mon of a stable would in the gallant running of a thoroughbred. But personal gallantry, Veyages inee the sun and all the mediaeval romanen, of the air fights depends en matereas and machines and gauges and all tlle thousand details of machine slope. Thus it is that everywhere tiler° la a lathe or a grinding machine there le a shop helping to turn out one teir-a sand planes a month. Science Jottings. X-ray pictures for dentists' use may be quickly made and developed ley means of a cabinet, which perforate all the operations almost automati- cally, A stone -breaking machine of rath- er notable size and capaeity has been recently installed at Rogers Gee, Mich. It will held 68 tons et mater- ial at one time and wIll handle 250 tons per hour. .••••••*•ti The United States MN", annually consuming more than 86 pounds of sugar per head, more than 430 pounds for every family, or more than a pound a day the whole Year through. In this they are surpassed only by England and Denmark. The Russian tlag flies ovee one- sixth ot the earth's land surface, to protect 182,000,000 souls, represeuting 64 racial and tribal dietsions and speaking more than 150 teagues. At it recent test of an aeroplane en- gine mounted on an automolsile body the propellers developed power suffic- ient to drive the ear at a speed of 40 miles an hour. The State of Texas is assisting in the reclamation of 2;000,000 acres of overflow lands which lie along tlet principal rivers, but which have here- tofore been of little yahoo. Protectien against overflow will increase their value tenfold. Fossil fieh, from whioh the much, used lehthyol oil may be obtained, has bean discovered in Texas. nes material formerly es -me exclusivelY from Austria. Nature's Sanitary Oop. When an animal dies in a gartlea or in the woods and dereoMpogition begins, earrien buga come from far and near. A dead bird, a tame et a harmless snake wantonly killed by some wanderer, provides a banettat for hundreds of insects, Among Mos the "grave-cliggers" are found, ewe betting 43 species, 10 et Which aril found in Europe. the root In America You can identify these beetles, says tho Popular Science Monthly for Jale, by tho two Jagged yellowish -red or reddish transeeree bands upon their black wing -covers. Their seientiflo name (Nocrophorus) means no more than "buriere of the dead," As under- takers, the insects have logs especial- ly adapted for digging. A grave -digger beetle has a most extraordinary seine of amen. Ole ean detect the peculiar odor of decomposi- tion a long distance away, and flies to the dead thieg an straight as an arrow. Ille remarkably keen nose it situated in his club -like feeltee. As a rale several gravediggers are found neer a dead body. They trawl under it and &latch the supporting earth away, so Chet the body soon lite in a hollow. Gradaally the body is lowerta unttl it Mike below the latr- ine. There it is covered With ertrth. The feraale laser her ens around the interred fete% thut letteenes fee the nevelefelletelied lerfatl PlellefM Nod inaPply. el c110,/ 4,0 0 "Thiri09:(1E314:1"Ltfal:rADttAokral".U"C. ig"):CPtqaaaVil thirteen Um:a to as moa.v girbl," "And got turpect down? That wee bad luck." "No, that witen't the bad luck. The thirteenth tnok HAD A PULL. (Beaten Tranneript) Catcy-Fluncifau got hie Zolfo Insured leen June are hees eead so (maga Caseidy-anbure'he must hey be a pun wall inteerenea company. Air AU TOING, (Exchange) "You vend a great deal at time Ill your automoalleee "No," retelett Mr. Chtleffilla: "not na much as 1 epend outelde, fixing it up". . • owe HIS VIEW. (Beetan Transcript) Griggs -I rtee by the paeore that gowns may be worn longer next seamen, Briggs -Thank heaven; My 'wife neVehr wears 0. gown more than team at pres- en t. THE BRUTE! ijudge) Mr. Nuared-Seeetheart, did you Make Oita biscuit out of the cookery book? Mrs, Ntrwed-Yea, love! Mr. Nuwed-Well, 0 thought I tasted ono of the covers. C 0 MI NG BACK. (Lite) Jane Willis -Mite °kneed Alters she hes just pfateed her twentieth birthday. Marie Giills-Paseed it coming back, no doubt. ••• VARSITY TERMS. (Leuieville Courler-Journel) This is the stadium." ''Fine. Now, take ue through tha cur- noultun. They say you have a good one here." • •••• ••-••••••••••"." MISUNDERSTOOD. (Baltimore American) "Is your sc,n engaged In any nzanted occupation?" "Oh, no; n.othia' so high -brow as rime He Jett works by the day." NOT NOISY. (Judge) Apartment Agent -Are these your tarn. drone Prospective Tenant -Yes; but they are no: a bit noiay. Their mimic lessons take tip all their time. HE laNIIW. (Beaton Transcript) "Before I take case," eald the Esev- yes, "there is one thefts to be looked in- to." "I presume," seed the client, "you ree fee to my pocketbook" .&N INSULT. (Birnainghern Age-Hera.111) "I'll never oak Jibway to lend me an. Other cent!" "Did he hurt your feelings?" "I should eay e.o: I asked him to leni me a dollar until Monday, and he asted me. "What Moakley?" FRIGID. (Judge) Westerly -I want te tell you that I am engaged to Mies lemln.eut of Bastott, eke fellow. Quickly -Oh, going to put your heart in aold ertorage, are you? ECONOMY. (Washington tsu) "Studying economy?" 'Yee, I have found so mazy ways in wheal other people can effect a, sevens chat I don't 000 much neesesity for stint- ing myaelf, to streak oat' USELESS. (Louisville Courier-eournal) You don't !teem to heve any clanger algae on the roads around No use," said the native of that burg. "There's no great peril for careful mo - ramie, and a, denier sign moans nothips to the other kind.' A HAPPY MAN. (Baltimore American) "An oculist ought to be a very lui.ypy taan." "Why ao?" "Are not all his days eye -deal ones?" . • FORTY-SEVEN RONIN. Strange Tragedy 0 Japan's Bo - maniac Days itiecalled in Tokio. The municipal authorities of Tokio are restoring the beetaitut tempiet Seaga- kuji, at Takanatta, where are entombed "the Vorty-seveu Rortine of Ake." The tragedy of theee chivalroue Reniane be - lane to the most deraentie period af Japan history, commemorating the telt- saeriace of the etavente of Asaao, Lord of Ake. An entire native literature existe on this eubjeot. visit to the tem- ple grounces recall to Oriental tra.velere the tombs of the Manteluitee, near Cairo. The legend does- not appeal to the West- ern mind, but the etory he revered by alt is uac lovers of Japenese history. Briefly, It Lord Asane, while at Yedo, as Tokio was then called, atter:tang upon the Sho- gteurntai(nApkrinl, eln70y10)y, wrraosincotzheuentmmidkedadoto. enA- stranger to the formalitlee, he appealed to a nobleman he thought his friend. PIA K 1 t'14.. The latter insulted hint and A.sano Mashed him in the face With hie sword. As this °marred in the palace of the Shogun, it was a mortal offense to the dignity of the place, only to be wiped out by the death of the offender. Aeano was direeted to perform harakiri at once, his catetes• were forfeited., his Isatily kieclarted extlnot, and all the mem- ber' of his clan disbanded. Under Ja- panese) cuetom of 2e0 years ago, his clan became "Rollins" (1, e., "wave -myna)* floseare or wanderero without a lord or home. Vengeance must follow. Ols.hi Kunan- oeukee *tenter member of the dead lord's elan, ewee.re forty -sea faithful ones to jcin him. Here is 0. curious feature of this vendetta: It is simplicity preecrib- by custom, but Is forbidden by law -like dueling in some countriee. Not to have' revenge meant social ostracmi There was much diesembling on the part ot the Rollins; but eln January 20, 1708. dual= a violent enowatorm tut attnak on mansion war/ made, the doors wet° retreat and the high -bora wretch was &tagged from an outhouse in which he had hideleu and, aeolining to avail him:tele of the privilege of harakiri, to leave hie tioaeu, he W11.9 elaeghtered, This "duty" performed, the little baud, all equally reaeonsible end therefore all of forfeited lives, marched at dawn of day to the temple of Seeurakuji, at the other end of the city, respected end feasted by the people whose houses they pelted. At the temple they were re- ceived by the abbot in Demon. There they hah8 mewl the grave of their beloved lerd the head of his enemy. Tb.on came final farevellea and the execution of the inevitable deoree. Mach atid every Ronin killed hImeelf, an tOtotus prescribed, by plunging a short, sharp awc•rd into his vi tale. Their 'bodies were buried In the grouted of the same temple where rested thetr lord, foe Whom they had milde the au- neeme eacrlfthet. During two eenturiee, roeuier end eothusiseettle adoratlen has been a reward for the eta:mile-atoll of theee btave farty-aeven men to the cue* tom of their Web end COtItlitV...'"BliSt and Weet Nene. Cheap Soup. Save the ham Wattle, An?1 thevegeiable odd e and ends. A.dd a marrow bone front the butele A bit of thitkeulag and Year:01MR. er'e, 'I he reeulte-ea tutritions Iteteheon, "The demands for Money nowadays tre timply enoreleme" "Terrible, ter - .11)10 the Government wonting $2,000,000,000, and slaty this Maratha Vlies aeked ette to lend him a Via— TiOSteri Transcript. 4