HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Wingham Advance, 1917-10-18, Page 7RAIN SAVED GERMANS FROM
A STILL WORSE DISASTER
Stopped Haig's Drive Before Ali Objectives
Were Attained.
Heavy Gains ---600 Prisoners- Huns Use
British Shells From Russia.
/amain Cable — The supplementary
report issued Friday nigat from gen-
eral headquarters follows: "FreSh at-
tacks were begun on a wide front in
Flanders to -day by Entente forces at -
ter drumfire haa been directed on the
area from the Lys to the Ypres-Menin
road, and the battle is still in full
swing. To the north of Poelcapelle
and to the southwest of Passchendaele
the fighting still goes on at some
places where the English penetrated
our lines."
London Cable — Far the first time
since he started his series of attacks
against the ,German positions in Flan-
ders, Field Marshal Haig ha.' had to
cease an operation before ail the ob-
jectives set out ror were attained, It
was not the German guns, however,
that stopped the British. It was a mare
than usually heavy rainfall, which
started during the battle, and turned
the already swampy region over which
the men were supposed to pass into a
veritable quagmire fran which they
could not untraek themselves for a
forward move.
The drive, as has been customary
in Haiga strategy, was started in the
early hours of Friday morning and
extended from near the lioutholst
Wood to below the Ypres-Menin road.
At several points the British troops
succeeded in gaining ground over
fronts ranging up to a thousand yards,
but there the rain intervened and the
fighting ceased for the day. During
the forward movement over the six -
mile front the British captured in the
aggregate about six htuidred prison-
ers,
The struggle was particularly bit-
ter to the north of Poelcapelle and
around Passchendaele. In the latter
region the Germans apparently have
massed their strongest array of
troops, hopeful of being able to etaY
a further press forward by the British
toward the Ostend -Lille railroad.
THE OFFICIAL REPORT.
The official report from Field Mar-
shal Haig's headquarters reads:
'We attacked at 5.25 o'clock this
morning on a front of about six mile
northeast of Ypres.
"Progress was made along the en-
tire front. Rain intervened, however,
and it was decided not to make fur-
ther efforts to reach the final objec-
tives, which it had been planned to
take. The prisoners taken during the
day approximate 500."
BRITISH CAPTURE BREWERY.. •
A Reuter's despatch from British
headquarters says: "The rain is "re-
ported to have brought operations
temporarily to a standstill. but we
have gained possession or the brewery
east of Poelcapelle, which has been
the centre of strong German •re-
sistance. At .noon to -day our 'troops
were said to have occupied the crest
of a farm on the left of the Passchen-
daele road, and to be within about
five hundred yards of the Passchen-
daele thurch.
"Recently the enemy has biien firing
at us some of our own simile cap-
tured from the Russians. The fact
that they are oringing these so far
in view of great transpoit difficulties
ia significant."
PUSHED FORWARD HALF MILE.
R. 'I'. Small telegraphs from Brit-
ish neadquarters at the front:
"To -day's dawn again saw the great
Britisn war machine set in action
aeross the Flanders mud fields against
the German pesitions north-east of
Ypres. At an early hour the attack-
ing forces had penetrated several
hundred yards into the enemy's terri-
tory along a sixanile front, extend-
ing from a place near Houthoist
Forest down below the Ypres-Roul-
ers railway, mot were battling along
the Passchendaele village.
"The offensive started at 5.25 in
the morning. The condition of the
'ground was appalling but by 7.45
the report came back that every-
thing was going well, and the troops
over a wide section of the front had
pushed forward to a depth averaging
g00 yards or more. Prisoners al-
ready Were beginning to come in, al-
though slowly, owing to the con-
dition of fhe grout&
"The enemy's artillery barrage was
slow in response ;e• ehe hoar of at
tack' and the fire was not severe, but
tbe Germans were putting a heavy
machine -gen barrage ail along the
central and southern pertains Of the
battle front, especially about., Brood-
seinde Ridge • and the Ypres-Roulers,
railway.
"Between 4 and 4.B0 this morning
a' large number of gas shells were
thrown along the British front Hee,
probably thdicating that the Ger-
mans were were there was trouale
ahead."
PllaHING THEM OFF RIDGE,
In a despatch filed early in the day,
lleuter's correspondent writ: "When
the British awl Anzacs to -day resumed
the process of ;mailing the Germans
off`whaI remains of their foothold
upon the geeat ridge system to the
east of Ypres, the weather had im-
proved, and there was a crisp breate
liloWing and a blue sky.
'Tho German:4 were again 'eaught
tinexpecteely. Tiny could hardly have
fititicipated that we shoeld strike
again so soon or in seek .aeatheie but
Field Marshal Haig, whom I saw yes-
terday looking partitularly well, and
wearing an air of complete eatisfec•
tion, fully realizes the value of time
when the enemy is still staggering un-
der the shock of previous blows.
"The scheme of to -day's battle was
Vaught with the most intersating
isibilities. More than thia I must not
any. W6 hae driven,. the Germane
practieally out"of the tvhole depth of
their defenelve frant over a Width of
several thousand yards, Tic' result
is that the Germans Must now op -
pale us. mare . than an any previous
Nashua akies tho first battle et
Vprea with tiodt and blood instead
1.1 dugouts, defo trenchea and cen-
t retod red stOta.
"They are now elsovolime tip end
Planing wire with feveriali letete in
the rear, but the dominant ridge 'ena-
bles Us tO tate all nal shell the if frk-
ers with disturbing effeets. The "pine
x' takes a month to conetruct and
cannot be buil; in we. Ar frosty
weather.
"A barrage, more terrific than here-
tofore, crawled ahead of our lads
storming soaring, with incandescent
corruseations every yard it travelled.
The enemy's artillery response was
somewhat ragged. It is always den
gereus to draw general conclusion$
from local symptoms, but many re-
Perts are current to the effeet that
the Germans are getting short of big
-
gun ammunition. Certainly their army
ordere invariably admonish in heavy
type to husband them as much as
possible.
"It was reported at 7.40 this morn-
ing that our troops had gained their
first objectives. Machine-gun fire
appears to be the chief trouble, indi--
cattng that a large proportion of the
German artillery has been withdrawn
well to the rear."
GARRISONED BY DEAD.
Describing the night after the last
advance, Perry Robinson, telegraph-
ing from British headquarters on
Thursday, writes: "On the evening oi
that first day we knew only that at
points all along our lines our men
had reached the farthest point set for
their advance. Then night shut down
and with it came more rain storma.
The Germans made no attempt to
counter-attack. At half -past six in
the evening heavy shell fire descended
on our forward positions and was re-
peated at eight in the morning, but
no infantry came. Far worse than any
shell fire or anything the enemy did
was the night, with its conditions of
storm and celd, out in those water-
logged shell holes. The troops who
`mopped up' later, we know now,
found innumerable minor positions
which had not been reduced, beyond
which small parties of our men had
penetrated and pushed on. Scattered
fighting went on everywhere in iso-
lated poets which were bolding out.
Buell was the confusion that many of
our wounded started to walk or crawl
to the German lines, having lost all
sense of direction. For a time no
transport -carrying parties with sum
Plies could get to the advanced posts
though, heaven knows, they tried. The
mere physical difficulty of progress
through the ever -deepening mire, car-
rying a burden, made it impossible,
and everywhere sheltie were bursting
on tale surface of the slime whipped
by bullets. Slowly, as the morning
came, the 'mopping up' troops
pushed steadily . on so that allethe
ground behind . them, was secure.. "A
definite line began to shape itself. It
was not epeil the final objective, but
about two -third of the way towards it.
Somehow the gallaut little groups
which had pushed through the final .
line were called back, or came back
of their own accord, and a new
continuoue position was formed witl
Which communication could be held
with supplies. The dead were very
Many. Souie `pill -boxes' were found
gerrisoned onn, by dead, killed by
shell -shock. But the most significant
thing of all is that the enemy failed
entirely to 'come back.' "
ENEMY AGENTS
FILL MOROCCO
Plotters Swarm Spanish
Zone of Activity
And Other Interests Are
Protesting.
POINTERS ABOUT PLOWiNG--HOW AND WHEN TO DO IT
Most Important Op eration in Tillage—Essentials Explained
See ond Article—By R. Summerby.
While it is true Mat good plowing er one. The crown is completed by however, can only be attained through
setting* up another furrow to meet much practice.
this one. This mottled is ono that Just as there is no marked differ -
can be used on either stubble or sod once between the furrows of the crown
and those of the land, there should
be little difference between these and
the furrows at the finish. If anything,
the ones at the finish should be slight-
ly smaller; tor if heavier the result
will be a broader, deeper finish, with
higher edges, which may hold the
water on the land after rains. A good
finish must be adapted to the soil
soil and subsoil, If the sub -surface
sail is good, a deep, broad finishing
furrow will result in a narrow dead
furrow, which can easily be filled in
with the discs, so as uot to interfere
with the growth of the crop, and the
piper working of implements. Where
the subsoil is poor, a narrower, shal
lower finishing furrow, followed by a
couple of strokes of the disc har-
rows, or by a round with a plow when
the land is being prepared for seed-
ing, will give the best results; while
where soil is poorly drained a deep-
er finish must be made to meet that
condition,
under same conditions Would not be
consalered good in others, many of
the principles willhold in all cases.
Good plowing ot a given field implies land. It requires Only One round and
that all land in that area should be a half to cempletelt, but, on the other
plowed. in eitell a Way as to achieve hand, the surface of the land le not
the deslred object most efficiently all cut, nor" it is plowed to its full
with . the least farther work, Thiu depth. It is one of the best types for
Monne that not only must the type of sod land, but is excelled by the Pre -
furrow used be eulted to the condi- Timis ones for stubble, where espe-
tiotea' and purpose, but also that the cially thorough work is desired.
crown, the ridge itself, and the finish, One of the most common methods
be adapted to that purpose. of setting a crown in either stubble or
sod land is one in which a light fur-
CRO'Will VERY IMPORTANT. row is thrown out and a 'heavier one
A score card is here inserted which is thrown against it. Under certain
embodies the important features to be conditions this will prove satisfactory
considered in plowing. Percentage but too often results in this part of
values have been placed opPotate the land forming a starting point for
these points to show their relative weeds, through the lana not being
importance, Ixi this particular case, cut and turned. Again, on stubble land
the figures are designed to relate to
plowing done on sod land in the fall.
Other conditions will require that
different relative values be placed on
it sometimes happens that a plowman
will attempt to start the land by throw-
ing up two heave furrows one against
another, in the pretence of making a
each paint, for more attention must be crown. This is the poorest method
Two different stages in the double scratch, double comb crown, a method
that is used on heavy sod land and adapted to fancy plowing. By this
method the two crown furrows are placed on two light scratch furrows,
made by means of a high cutting share.
Paid to some than to others, depend- possible, in that there is a wide strip
ing upon the time of year, the type of lana uncut and unplowed, and
of soil, and the object to be attained moreover it is difficult to plow the
in doing the work. • first furrows to their full depth. Any
Points considered Values dangers experienced in the previous
Crown or commencement . 20 method, through grass and weeds be -
Shape of land When plowed .20 coming troublesome, are much more
Finish ... . .. ... 17 apt to occur here.
Style and evenness of furrow ...18. A type oi commencement that is
Straightness . . 10 suited only to sod plowing and partic-
Covering ... , 8 ularly to heavy soils plowed in the
Ins and outs , 7 fall, is illustrated by Figure 3. wTo
light • scratch furrows are thrown to -
Total... ... • • .100 gether by means of a high -cutting
No part of the plowing operation re- share, and on these the two crown
quires more attention than the com- furrows are placed, forming what is
meneement, for not only is the crown called a double comb crown. This me -
itself important, but upon it also de- thod is used where the commence -
pends the degree of excellence of a ment is made in a previous dead fur-
leege part of the remainder of the row, and is in more common use at
work. Evidences.. of neglect on ,this plowing matches than in general prac-
score are to beeeeen in many. of our tice. It cannot be claimed that all the
-grain and hay fields, where tlie origin- sod is cut, but the position of the
al commencement is marked by the 'crown furrows is such as to make
presence .of some of our•worst weeds, conditions favorable to the • smother -
such as' couch • grass, bladder cam- ing Of the grass, that still remains.
-pion; ch1cory...ex-0e daisies, etc. This It is also one of the most difficult
Part ,of theelend, on account of its ones to set, but when properly done
•"
Tanglere Cable — The recent es -
care of the German submarine at
Cadiz arouees indignation among the
authorities.- the subjects ot the allied
powers and the large Moslem and
Hebrew population, who have al.
ready often witneseed the distressful
state of the crews of allied and neu-
tral vessele landed here after their
Ships had been sunk by submarines.
the nefaribue inetigation of murder
and massacre by the German Cense-
late at Tetuan in .continually Supply -
jag the retest army in' the Tan re -
;lone with anus and =been:Alen and
-requireitents froii. the ports
of the 'Spanish, Napa, .the feroci-
ouspropaganda of sd-eallea eireuttals•
from Alcazar. and German intrigues
with Rafael!, ant} other chiefs. The
Spanish resiaent-general at Jordana
and (len. Barera at Larache have
shown an honorable desire to guard
the stricteet netarality, but unfortun-
ately their example is not accepted
and followed by others, Daily fresh
'proofs are arriving of the facilities
given the German propaganda of
crime. !Silence has been kept to° long.
Germanizing of the Spanish sone in
Morocco will Drove dangerous to the
peace of Europe in future. Islamic
Dowers like England and France can-
not permit the installation in Span-
.sli 'eloreee0, nine-tentlu3 of which
Spain Ma not yet °Mune& of a great
unchecked eentre of atiti-English and
alai -French hitrigue amongst elosieM
People,e. Already this •dailger is cost.,
.ng Franco lama of life and great ea-
penditure in protecting the northern
of her zone where it borders on
Spanish territory.
Spate meet remember he has other
interests in her sone beyond the divi-
dend of a few iron millets, The fact
that she has not yet oecepied one-
tenth of lior territory is no exetise for
what the f14rmane are doing Its the
other nine -tenant. ,also the tenth al-
ready oeaupleci, The fact that the
Spanish. Government le reported to
have realized that the Cole
batty for paeifying the zOtie Must be
by a. vigorous tempaign and that
preparations have already been un,
dortaken to Carry out the tampaign
In the spring Is eatiefactory if true,
afs fixing a littit to the existing polies
Of lethargy with ,iteeompalfying facil-
Hide for German crime propaganda.
The.style of furrow should be suit-
ed to the conditions and aims, but as
this bas been discussed it is unneces-
sary to repeat it. Iashould, however,
be as uniform as possible threughout.
Gaps and flaps are serious objections
in plowing, but if their prevention Is
imposible, such as would be the case
on stoney ground, the plow should be
got back to its proper depth and
width as son as possible. Evidences of
poor plowing on this score are to be
seen in many fields, and in such
cases a poor crop and a prevalence of
weeds is always the result.
Straightaess ot furrow is a desir-
able feature in plowing, but has not
the relative importance that the inex-
perienced is apt to believe. As will
be seen from the score -card, several
other points are considered of great-
er importance. Its greatest value lies
in its influence upon the typo of fur-
row, and upon its bearing on the char-
acter of the finish. It is also desir-
able from an aesthetic standpoint,
but this need not be emphasized here.
In both sod and stubble land it is
desirable that all grass, weeds or
stubble be turned under, This is re-
ferred to as "covering." Its import-
ance is due to the fact that when
grass or weeds are left protruding
from between the furrow slices, they
are apt to start and grow if oppor-
tunity offers, whereas when turned
under proper conditions are more fav-
orable for their decomposition. More-
over, if the grass is abundant in the
uncovered condition, it seriously hin-
ders the best action of cultivators and
harrows, and, therefore, more work
is required in fitting the land for the
purpose desired.
In the score -card above the heading
"Ins and Outs" in included. Under
this is considered the evenness, neat-
ness and- abruptness of the furrow
ends. Eacbfurrow slice should con-
tinue -in its full size and shape to the
head -land, and there be broken off
abruptly. This is done by having the
plowshare enter and come out of the
soil as abruptly as possible along a
straight line at the ends of the. land.
Unless this is done a considerable
Three progressive stages in setting an ideal crown on stubble land. Tvvo furrows are first thrown out and
then the whole is•thrown together by one round to form the crown. This is the crown that more nearly ap-
proaches the ideal, but requires three full rounds to complete it. • Ahalf round can be saved, as explained
in the test, by working from the stage shown at the left.
greater depth of soil and better con-
ditions generally, should be producing
the best part of the crep, Instead of
forming a stronghold for weeds.
An ideal crown is one that meets
all the aims of plowing on that par-
ticular part of the land. This involves
that all weeds should be destroyed,
and that as .far as possible the land
should be cut and turned to the full
depth of the rest of the plowing.
Wben completdd, the crown furrow
or furrows should stand out slightly
above the others, but no marked dis-
tinction should be possible. Further,
when the soil settles after cultivation
aud seeding, it should do so evenly,
without leaving an inverted V-shaped
ridge where the commencement was
made. Different types of crown are,
of course, itecessary to suit different
conditions, A fevt of these in commoxt
useaencluding those that are consica
erect the best onedaare here discusS-
ed:
Probably- the crown that approach-
es neakeet. to the ideal is one. in
which two full rounds are first
thrown outwards, and then.the whole
is thrown together by a third one.
This results in all the advantages
meetioned above, but this type cannot
well be used on sod land, Unfortunate'.
ly, too, it requires much time, as it
takes three full rounds before the
crown is Completed. This method is
illastrated in Figure 2, which shows
throe different' stages of the opera-
tion. The first figure will also serve
to illustrate a second method, in
which only one round is thrown out
instead of two, and a strip about 6
inches wide Is left. This is then cut
off with. the wing of the share but
allowed to remain in place, and on It
the crown is formed by turning the
first furrowbeck by means of deep-
er Mies. This is thus a modification
of the firat Method and requires only
two and a half rounds instead of
three. A third method, which Is also
a modification of the above, is one
'in which One complete round is
thrown vitt, without leaving a strip in
the 'centre. These two furrows are then
thrown in to form a crown by Wow*
big •Mere deeply, thus accomplishing
the work In two full rounds. While
neither Of these latter methods ore
as Offielent as the first one, both are
More quickly done and are oleo effi-
denb enough for ordinary wark. Both
are also best adapted to stubble !and.
One stage of a Mirth style is ShoWil
itt Vigtlre 1. Here a, light single fur-
row haw been turned out and then
thretVii back Into its place by a sleep-
wifik,-41#0.10
lends itself well to a nicely shaped
land and, moreover, the soil settles
evenly in such a case.
WHAT THE FINISH MEANS.
Of the seven methods mentioned
above, the first six are used in stub-
ble land and ar discussed in order of
efficiency for thorough work. The
fourth, fifth and seventh are adapted
to sod plowing, and of these the
fourth one is probably the best adapt-
ed for general work. No matter what
method is used, however, the aims
of the plowing should be kept in
mind in this part of that operation.
With regard to the shape ot land
when plowed, it should be as level
as possible, with a slight but gradual
slope to the finish, and with no pro-
nounced rise at the crown. If the
land is heavy, and not well drained,
this slope should be more distinct.
Hollows and depressions in the land
result in puddles of water after heavy
rains ,and may this cause much dam-
age 'during the growing season, while
In the fall and winter they are apt to
cause 'winter -killing in grasses, clov-
ers and fall sown crops through the
formation of ice. Much can be done
toward filling in such hollows by a
good plowman, by changing the depth
of the furrow as the plow enters and
comes out of the same. skill in this,
4
amount of land in this area will not
be properly plowed.
Apart from the discussion relative
to types of furrow, nothing has been
said with regard to the time of plow-
ing. Clay soils and land that is not
properly drained require the action
of the frost to pulverize them, and
should, therefore, be plowed in the
fall. Moreover, if left until spring, it
is often impossible to get on them to
work before most crops should be
seeded. Neither of these facts hold
true with regard to sandy or gravelly
soils,. and equally as good -crops can
often be grown when plowing is done
In the spring, providing it is done
early, arid that the proper cultivation
is given. Experiments with our most
important grain crops, however, show
so much advantage in favor of early
seeding that it is advisable to do as
much fall plowing as possible even on
these soils, when intended for grain.
Fall plowing, moreover, allows of the
absorption and retention of moisture.
When land is intended for corn, more
time is available in spring before
planting time and, under ordinary?
conditions, well drained land of a
sandy or gravelly nature can, if ne-
cessary, be plowed to good advantage
In the spring for this- crop.
In a few cases only is it possible
A Coed type
crown for use In either sod or
hi. lettlidg
BRITISH RIFLE AND BAYONET
HAD PLAY IN FRIDAY FIGHT
Fierce Hand -to -Hand Struggle Followed the
Rush For Passchendaele Ridge.
Foe Knew Attack Was Eue, Eut Could Not
Beat Off the "Tommias."
(Special (labia by the Associated
Press.)
'British Front in France and Belgium.
Oable—There has been more rifle
and bayonet work to -day than in the
last battle or two in Flanders. The
inacaine guns, however, played an im-
portant pert of the German defense.
The enemy fought better than usual
in seine places, but in others he has
shown a lack of fighting spirit.
The Germans evidently guessea in
advance that the attack was to be
lauuehed at daybreak. During the
night they shelled the communicating
roads and front lines. heavily, and as
early as 2 o'clock this morning they
threw a large number of gas shells
along the British forward positions,
As the attack began the enemy main-
tained a heavy machine gun barrage
;Mr large sections of the front.
On the right of the advance, which
roughly was in the direction of Pass-
chendaele, the British were faced with
the greatest difficulty, About the
Ravesbeek River the ground was aw•
ful, In addition, there were numerous
strong German positlo.ns along the
slopes of the Passchendaele ridge
which dominated the advance, and
made it possible for the enemy to
pour heavy machine gun fire into the
approaching troops. The Germans,
knowing that the attack was coming,
were ready with a merciless fire when
the British pushed forward. In the
wood southwest ol; Passchendaele
there was • a coacrete pill -box, and
many machine gun forts improvised
out of debris. The British -charged
this place with the bayonet, and hard
hand-in-hand fighting followed. But
the enemy holden; of the position
finally were killed or captured or
forced to flee. Here and at other
potato along the battlefront many Ger-
mans were killed with cold steel.
Bellevue, 1,500 yards west of Pass-
chendaele, was another point that
held up the 13ritish advance with ma-
chine gun fire, Bellevue is located
on a spur witich rises above the sur-
rounding ground, and there were
many German pill boxes packed on
this elevation. The fire from these
strongholds was incessant.
There was also hard fighting about
the copse just to the northwest of
Bellevue.
North of Wallemollen the depth of
the attack gradually tapered off as
it swung northwestward toward the
Houthoist forest. Here grave daft
culties were encountered along the
Lekkebotherbeke and Broenbeek
ers, where the grouna was a horrible
mass or seemingly bottomless mud.
The latest reports received were to
the effect that .the British had driven
the Germans from their brewery
stronghold in the eastern outakirts of
Poelcapelle, and had pushed on be-
yond. Just how far they continued to
advance it is impossible to say at this
hour.
to do away with plowing, This will
hold true on well cultivated and
light soils, after potatoes, roots, and,
HuN RAIDER
in some cases, corn. It must, however,
be replaced by thorough and deep
surface tillage. On the heavier soils,
and -on those that have not been thor-
oughly ,worked, plowing will prove
the most efficient and economical
method of preparing the land for
grain crops. Light, well drained corn -
land that has been thoroughly culti-
vated, may be fitted for the follow-
ing crop by 'running a furrow along
each row, deep enough to turn out the
corn roots. This should be done In
the fall, and if followed by thorough
cultivation in the spring, may be the
best way of preparing the seed bed
for grain and for seeding sown on
this land. •
Although present 'day conditions
make it imperative that the operation
of plowing be accelerated wherever
possible by means of gang plows,
and ,in some cases, that it be replaced
by the more speedy methods of till-
age, it still requires to be thoroughly
done. It is yet the most important
operation in cultivation, but must be
followed by other implements to com-
plete the work if its best results are
to be realized. The slowness and ex-
pense of the operation makes this all
the more necessary. Good plowing,
followed by intelligent tillage to com-
plete the work, would go a long way
towards making "two blades of grass
grow where one grew before," and
would place agricultural production
In Canada on a much higher level
than it now is.
—The Canadian Countryman.
DUTGH MATERIAL1
FOR HUN FORTS
Blockade Minister Explains
Cable Embargo.
Holland Makes Nasty Reply
to Charge.
London Cable — The prohibition of
all commercial cable communication
with Holland until such time as the
Netherlands Government places an
absolute reatriction on the transit of
sand, gravel and scrap metals through
Holland from Germany to Belgium,
\vas explained to the Associated .Press
to -day by Lord Robert Cecil, the Min-
ister of Blockade.
"The Dutch in recent months," he
said, "have been allowing the Germans
to transport across Dutci waterways
from Germany to Belgium vast quan-
tities of gravel and sand. The total
was out of all proportion to that trans-
ported in peace times and there ia not
the slightest doubt. that the Germans
are using enormous quantities ot con-
crete in pill Nixes, • dugouts alai in
many other ways,
"The Dutch do not claim that the
Germans should be permitted to trans-
port material for this war concrete
through Duteh territory, bUt they say
the Germans have giveit them assur-
ances that all this material is belng
employed in strictly civil purposes. I
have no doubt that the Germans have
given such assurances, and there may
he some juggle by which they are able
to submit paper proof, but we have
this feet—enormous quantities of con -
elate are being used at the frontand
an enormous quantity of concrete ina-
torte' Is going into the war one
through Holland.
"We made repeated diplOmatie com-
plaints, with no result, until we finally,
decided, inasmuch as the Hutah liave
no right to Use our cables, except as
a mutter of courtesy, the,t, we should
my to the Dutch we cannot see our
way to permit you the further use of
our cables until something -is done
about the transportation of conerete
material. That's where elle enateer
stand s at the present,"
OUFrioUs FATALITY AT CALOARY,
Calgary Deport — A runaway hone
on the MaeLead trail last night, after
passing tIvo motor cars coming in the
opposite Mention, jumped Into the
third car el.(' instantly killed Mrs. M.
0. Pope, of Mackie. The driver of the
ear was seriously Injured.
On Monday last the Pope hOine,
near Mackie, was destroyed with all
effects, and Mra, Pope wag on her
way to Calgary to purchase tiothing
ta her Children,
FOOLED BRITON
"Seeadler" Passed Inspec-
tion by Cruiser
While Disguised as Lumber
Carrier,
'WILSON RULES
ALL COMMERCE
Honolulu Cable — Details of hew
the famous German commerce raider
Seeadler, which preyed on allied com-
merce seven months in the South
Pacific before meeting her fate on the
reefs of Mopeha Island, passed inspec-
tion of a Britieh cruiser by assuming
the disguise of a lumber carrier, were
revealed here to -day by Capt. Hadar
Smith, master of the American
schooner R. C. Slade, one of the
known victims of the German craft..
After capture by the British and
aubsequent escape the Seeadler put into
Bremerhaven, a German port, and in
December, 1916, fitted out as a motor
schooner under command of Lieut. von
Luckner and a crew of 68, half of
whom, according to Capt. Smith, spoke
Norwegian. With forged Norwegian
clearance papers and two four -inch
emus concealed by a deck -load of lum-
eer, the vessel put _to sea, encountered
British cruiser, passed inspection,
mounted her guns and proceeded to
sink thirteen veseels in the Atlantic,
,wo of them Britishers. Capt. Smith
said.
The final capture in the Atlantic was.
French barque, on which 300 of ,,the
deeadler's prisoners were put and sent
‘.o Rio de Janeiro. The Seemlier escaped
pursuers and rounded Cape Horn, the
mediately beginning a campaign of
lestruction in the South Pacific.
Depredations of the Seeadler, a con-
verted American vessel, were an
nounced by the Navy Department on
Oct. 4.
.••
HUNS OUTFLANK
RUSSIAN ARMIES
Have Seized Islands in Gulf
of Riga, Which Means
Threat to Capital.
London Cable — The 'Germans
have landed troops on the Islands of
Oesel and Dago, in the Gulf of Riga,
according to a Reuter despatch from
Petrograd
Oesel and Dago 'elands are at the
entrance to the Gulf of Riga, and
Provide easy access to the mainland
over small intermediate islands. They
are off the coast of the Russian Pro-
vince of EsthOnia. Dago island is
about 200 miles from Petrograd. Its
Position derives additional importance
from the tact that it is almost at th.e
month or the Gulf of Finland, at the
bead of which is Kronstadt, which de -
feeds Petrograd.
Omel Island le nearlY 100 miles
north of Riga, which the Germane
captured recently. The landing of Ger-
inan troops in Eethonia Would threa-
ten the outflanking of the Russiait
line, and probably conipel a retreat on
a. wide Seetion Of the front, if in-
deed it did not opea the way to Pet-
rog,rad Itself. A rally/ay line follows
the coast all the way from Hama!,
°prolate Dago Island, to Petrograd.
Oeeel Island, the larger of the twO.
is 45 miles long and hale an area of
1,010 square lailleks, and a Poptilation
0f about 00,000, It has a difficult
ooastline, in the forin of precipitous
limestone Cliffe.
Issues Order Taking Great
Powers Granted Him.
Last Hope of Aid to roe
Agents Gone.
THE ENGINEERS,
Brantford', Iterort.-At a conference of
Stationary engineers, held here under the
Auspices of the total lodge, it was decided
to appeal to the Provinetal tlovernment
to divide certificates for Audi engineers
into three classes. with the lowest com-
pulsory upen All engineers, firemen, night
watchmen And Janitors in charge oc
steam plants. It was elleged that there
Aro many steams plants operated where
the man in charge has no quallfieetione
for the position. President Gofton,,ICia
chener, Peat President Cosford, of Ham.
ilton; MPftfletl. Lyons, London; Bele and
6:Meet, Hainilten, all gavo brief teldresta
as, urging greater prreautions.
Washington, Oct. 14, President Wil -
sou an EaecutiVe order to -night
by the sweeping terms of whiCh he put
Jut° effect practically all of the great
pOWers vested in, aim by the provisione
of the trading with the enemy oat,
one of the most drastic pieces of leeslation that has passed an American
Congress,
By the regulations set forth, the
President twat over complete control
of American commerce and trade,
both as regards exports and imports,
and prescribed, in careful detail, the
conditionon which trading with
"enemy" interests May De carried on.
One provisions is that no cent of the
money iavolved shall be permitted to
be contributed to the welfare of eneniy
countries.
Provisions of far-reaching conse-
quence are mare for the taking over,
when deemed advisable of enemy
property in the United States by an
alien property custodian to be named
by the President. It is further pro-
vided that enemy -bale patents maY be
used to aid in the winning of the
war.
To throw every possible safeguard
around information which might get
to the enemy, the Preeident created
a Censorship Board, with full powers
to censor cable, radio, and mail eoni-
munication. Censorship of the foreign -
language press is vested in the Post-
master -General.
Some of the war -time machinery
already in existence was reorganized
by the terms of the order. The Ex-
ports Administrative Board goes
out ot existence and is replased by the
War Trade Board, which will super-
vise exports and imports, and consider
applications for licenses to trade with
"enemy" firms, thus making it pos-
sible to shut off coal from South -Am-
erican public utilities now le German
hands, if it is deemed expedient.
Foreign insurance companies in the
United States will pe subject to a li-
censing system which will be control-
led by Secretary McAdoo, of the Treas.
ury Department, who also will retain
control of shipments of gold, silver
bullion and currency.
Vance McCormick, chairman of the
Exports Administrative Board, will
remain as chairman of the War
Trade Board, and the present person-
nel will not be changed. A repre-
sentative of the Treasury Depart-
ment will be added. A War Trade
Council will be organized to act in an
advisory capacity and will include the
present members of the Exports Coun-
cil, and Chairman Edward M. Hurley,
of the 'United States Shipping Board.
The additional powers thus vested
In the various branches of the Gov.
ernment's war machinery, It is believ-
ed, will make it possible for the Un-
ited States to cut off absolutely the
last vestige of hope of German
agents to get aid to their nation. The
law provides heavy penalties for the
punishment of those engaged in such
traffic.
• .
POOREST APPLE
CROP ON RECORD
Yields From 10 to Less Than
40 Per Cent.
Other Fruits 4s Well Are
Very Poor.
A Toronto report: The September
report of Dominion Fruit Commie -
stoner Johnson shows that this year's
apple crop in Ontario is the smalleet
on record since the Province really
began to grow apples in a commercial
way.
In a() one district will there be a
40 per cent, crop, and the one section
in which this figure is even approach-
ed is in the valleys of the St. Law-
rence and Ottawa, where fruit -grow-
ing Is,
at best. a very minor line of
activity. In Prince Edward country,
one of the heavier producing district,
a 30 por cent, crop is counted on; In
the Georgian Bay district and along
the front of Durham county, also im-
portant apple sections of the Province,
the yield is not expected to exceed 10
per cent. September sunshine has giv-
en a fine color to the fruit, but worm
holes and fungus will force the bulk
of the crop below No. 1 grade. Re-
liance for domestic needs must be
largely placed on Nova Scotia, which
has a moderate crop of well -covered
and generally clean apples, according
to Commieeioner Johneon's report,
The situatton is all the more un-
fortunate by reason of the fact that
other fruits as -well as !tiptoe are
short, Peaches in the Niagara dis-
trict are only a 50 Der cent, prop, and
the trop is still lighter in Western
Ontario. Peal* in the Niagara dietrict
are also only half a crop, and bhe best
report outelde of Niagara pointe to a
25 per cent. yield. Plums have given
equally light ylelde, and the supply
of grapes will be greatly shortened,
owing to the failure to mature as a
result of adverse conditlone In Miring
and early summer. Tomatoee, which
May also be eonsIdered as a fruit crop,
wore held back by cold, wet weather
early in the seasoh ,e.ad yielde have
been eliOrtehed by early auttnieft
treats,
Taking everything together, 1917
will rank tie the poorest year to date
in the history of Ontario fruit groia
Ing. Priced have beeu high, but not
nearly high enough to Offset, redue-
tion in production.
HUN RAILWAYS SHORT OF PUEL.
1.ondon, Cable. --The German state
rall%ays are faced with it, great short-
age of fuel and (trestle litultation of
traffic has begun, aceording to reports
icsehing hero. The railways propose to
levy heavy OXCtAtl fares on exprem train,*
eo es to dlecourare eiimeot tinavelde
ebb* bustneas journeys. targe number
of faat traina have been ellinlimted frcut
Ute winter time tables. The Wurtent.
berg rallWays will charge heave eiteeles
farce for traffie on Saturday effernoons
and Sundays.
,The edge of a eileneo elOth should be
finialied with a button hold atiteh; A
IteM Makes a ridge under the table-
eolth. Don't button Wale it tee elOoek