The Wingham Advance, 1917-10-11, Page 34
It-toreir.
WINTER CROPS IN ONTARIO.
(Resulte of Experiments.)
%lie time betweeu the ha -meting
and the eeeding of winter erops ie ea-
eeptionally ivhort title year. Many
farmers will be unable to thresh their
Wheat before it is time to sow for an-
other crop Farmerwho have already
threshed good, pure grain of standard
Varletlee or winter wheat or of win-
ter rye, might advertiee their imeplus
XO r seed purposee to advantage, both
to themselves tied to others. EverY
effort should be made to increase the
winter crop are as much as poeeible.
The Wheat is greatly needed, and the
increased acreage sown with winter
crepe will lessen the labor required for
spring 'seeding, and also extend the
ha,rvest over a longer period next year.
Lee us aim for one million acres of
'Winter crops for 1918.
Experimenta have been conducted ar
the Ontario Agrictultural College awl
throughout Ontario during the past
year with winter wheat, winter rye,
winter barley, winter winner and hairy
vetches, The autumn of 1916 was
comparatively dry, and the spring and
early summer of 1917, exceptionally
wet. There was more rainfall in June
and July of this year than in any two
consecutive months in the past seven-
teen years.
About two hundred and ninety varie-
ties of winter wheat, and many selec-
tions and cross have been grown under
experiment at the Agricultural College
within the past twenty-eight years. Of
the named varieties fourteen have been
grown in each of the twenty-two
years, and the results of these are of
special value. The following gives
the average for twenty-two years in
yield of both grain and straw per
sere, and in weight per measured
bushel of a few of the leading varie-
tiee: Dawson's Golden Chaff, 60.2
bushels, 2,9 tons, and 59.9 pounds; Im-
perial Amber, 47.2 bushels, 3.1 tons,
and 61.1 pounds; Early Genesee Giant,
46.9 bushels, 3.0 tone, and 60.1 pounds,
and Egyphian Amber, 45.5 buebels, 3.1
tons, and 61.5 pounds.
The average results of the fourteen
varieties are as follows: Yield of
grain per acre, 25.6 busbels for 1917,
and 44.3 bushels for the twenty-two
year period; yield of straw per acre,
1.9 tors for 1917, and 2.9 tons for the
twenty-two year period; and weight
per measured bushel, 56.7 pounds, for
1917, and 60.9 pounds for the twenty-
two year period.
Of the thirty-four varieties of win-
ter wheat which have been tested for
the past five years the highest yields
in bushels per acre have been produced.
by Imperial Amber, 45.8, Kharkov, 45.6,
Gillespie Red, 45,2; McBean's Daw-
eon, 46.1; Tuscan Island, 44.9; Grand
Prize, 44.7, aud American Banner, 44.6.
Those varieties of winter wheat
which have produced the largest
loaves of bread from equal quantities
of flour in the average tests of ten
years made in the Bakery branch of
the Chemical Department of the col-
lege are as folloWs: Yaroslaf, Banat-
ka, Crimean Red, Tuscan Island, Buda
Pesth, Tasmania Red, Egyptian Am-
ber, Kentucky Giant, Rudy, Tread-
well, Bulgarian, Geneva and Turkey
Red; and those which produced the
smallest loaves of bread are the Early
Red Clawson and the Abundance.
A cross between the Dawson's Gold -
eh Chaff and the Bulgarian has fur-
nished a new variety which in the
last five years has surpassed bath its
parents in average yield per acre, and
is about equal to the Bulgarian in
bread production. This variety was
distributed over Ontario in connection
'with the co-operative experiments in
the alitumn of 1916 for the first time
under the name of O.A.C. No. 104,
and is not yet grown in sufficient
quantity in Ontario to be sold com-
mercially. In the co-operative expert:
intents throughout Ontario in the -past
year, in which five leading varieties
were tested the 0.A.C, No. 104 proved
to be the most popular with the farm-
ers, the improved Imperial Anther
coming second in this respect.
The Petkus variety of winter rye
has made the highest record both at
the college and in the co-operative ex-
periments throughout Ontario. Winter
Barley which has been grown at the
college in each of the past twenty-
four years gave a yield per acre in
1917 of 32.2 bushels, the average for
the whole period being about fifty
bushels per acre.
Distribution of material for experi-
ments in autumn of 1$17 -.As long as
the supply lasts, material will be dis-
tributed tree of charge in the order
in which the applications are receise
ed from Ontario farmers wishing to
experiment and. to report the results
of any one of the following tests:
1 -Three varieties of winter wheat.
2 -One variety of winter rye and
one of winter Wheat.
3 -Spring applications of five fertil-
izers with winter wheat.
4 --Autumn and spring applications
of nitrate of soda and commoh salt
With winter wheat.
6 ---.Winter &timer and winter barley
6 -Hairy vetches and winter rye as
fodder crope.
The size of each plot is to be one
rod wide by two rods long. Fertilizers
will be sent by express for number 4
this autumn and for number 3 next
spring. All seed will be sent by mail
except that for number 4, vehieh will
Occompatty the fertilizers.
C. A. Zavitz,
Age'cultural College, Guelph, Ont.,
August 31st, 1917.
CLOVER SEED -WHY NOT GROW
YOUR OWN ?
In average seasons red clover, that
him not been paetured after the Met
,haY crop has been removed, will pro -
Quell a crop of well -matured seed. In-
stead of cutting tne second crop for
hay, pasturing it, or, as it Srequently
happene, plowing it under, why not al-
loev this crop to naature, why not al.
seed from it?
By raising your own clover seed, you
.teelps••••••••••••••.Nerrio...........fferwl.....*•doworarmitar.
CUTICURA HEALS
ITCHING BURNING
Rash On This Little Baby
Over Face and Head.
• Quite Disfigured. .
"When iny baby was four months old
she had a rash all over her face and
head, and was quite dis.
figured. Her skin was in.
flamed and sore, and itched
and teemed and the rash
later developed into large
red eruptions, making her
cross and fretful. The ba-
/. le. by could not get any sleep.
4 (VI -• "My husband bought a
box of Cuticura Ointment and a cake of
Soap and I used two tins of Ointment with
two cakes of Soap and she was healed.'
(Signed) Mrs. A, Down, 1040 Gertrude
St., Verdun, Montreal* Que. * March 2.
Guticura Soap and Ointment often
prevent pimples or other emptiohs.
For Free Sample Each by Mail ad-
dress post -card: "Cuticura, Dept. A,
Boston, U. S. A." Sold everywhere.
011111.0.00.0114.1.01.4.••••••., 0.0.1.1*
are obtaining seed from plants which,
by their very existence have demon-
strated their adaptation to the condi-
tions.. prevailing on your farm, and in
your immediate locality. Such seed,
It is quite reasonable to suppose, will
produce plants which are equally well
adapted to local conditions. For this
reason, home-grown clover seed is
really more valuable than most of the
seed obtainable through ordinary
channels of commerce.
Quite often very poor -looking fields
of second growth red clover will pro-
duce a profitable crop of seed. In
many cases fields where the clover is
quite thin and say only eight or ten
inches high, will yield over one hund-
red pounds of clean, well -matured seed
per acre, Usually, however, an aver-
age second growth will produce any-
where from 150 to 250 pounds of seed
per acris.
The red clover seed crop should be
cut when the heads are dark brown in
color, and contain hard, well-developed
seed. In harvesting all unnecessary
handling should be avoided. Rough
handling, frequent turning, etc., will
thresh off or break off the most ma-
ture heads, thus wasting a portion of
the most valuable seed.
Where the crop is less than one foot
high it may be cut with an ordinary
mowing machine. It is usually advis-
able to have two men follow the raa-
chine with hard rakes, and move each
swath out from the standing crop a
few feet, so that, on the next round,
the cut clover will be out of the way
of the horses and machine. By fel-,
lowing this practice with short clover,
a great deal of seed will be saved
that would have otherwise be threshed
by the horses' feet and thereafter left
In the field,
Where clover is one foot or more in
height the most satisfactory thaple-
ment to use for cutting is the binder.
The cord should be removed, and the
spring on the knotter slackened so
that it will trip continuously. Usually
there are two boards that hold the
sheaf; these should also be slackened
so that the clover will have a free
course to the ground. In dropping to
the ground, the seed will not shell, and
the crop will be left in loose windows,
where it will dry quickly, and can be
easily gathered with a barley fork.
The length of time that the clover
should remain in the field would de-
pend upon the weather. Generally
speaking, the crop should be placed in
the move or stack when dry enough to
keep well. It can then be threshed
when convenient. •
RUST OF WHEAT.
Some time ago the Department of
Agriculture at Ottawa iasued a very
timely card-Doeter with wide descrip-.
ttve colored border on "Black or Stem
Rust of Wheat." The poster in one -
(duct plain language tersely gave ad-
vise on the best course to pursue in
the preparation of land and seeding to
prevent approach of the dread disease
which entailed the loss of many mil-
lions of dollars to Canada In 1916. A
bulletin has new been issued, and can
be obtained free by addreseing the
Publications Branch of the Depart-
ment at Ottawa, aniplifying the ad-
vice given in tho poster. It is also
designed to answer many theories that
have) bee 1 received and that prove
that the theories posaessed regarding
the diseaea are frequently astray. The
bulletin explains that there are leveret
distinct kinds of rust and defines'
them. It tells of the cause of rust and
of the infectioa of the wheat pled;
gives particularof the red sumnter
stege and of the black or winter stage
of the disease, details the action of
the fungus ;in the host plant, and
makes a specialty of deeseribing the
relation of stem rust to the barberry,
"Wo regard the barberry in Canada,t
my the authora of the bulletin, "a$
a known contributory factor to grain
rust. In this attitude we are support.
ed by practically every scientific ob-
server on this continent, and we,
therefore, would strongly recommend
the complete extermination of this
shrub, at any rate throughout the
regions of the Dominion principally
devoted to grain growing. There aro
other factors contributory to the
severity of grain rust over whith we
have no control -Weather eonditions
for ote-but the question of the bar-
berry is one that might easily be over-
come. It is ohe of the principal pre-
cautionary measures that should be
taken in the interest ot the grain -pro -
during regions throughout the Con-
tinent, of America." The bulletin pro-
ceeds to tell in detail of precautions
that can be taken US reduee losses
tram grain rtrst.
•••• -
The Three Ne.bobS.
A etch nabob, ambitious to be knOwn
as a good fellow, gave a feast which
cost a thoefeand Sequins a plate.
"What wicked, wanton waste!" ex-
clainied the world
Another nabob, thirsting for glory,
went to war.
"The brutal, bloody butcher!" the
world protested.
A third nabob, desiring only to do
what was right, beetowed his riches in
ahns.
"Ile Makes Painters!" sniffed the
world,
The fecerding angel hesitated, but
atter some thought he dipped his pen
and wrote, to the redit of tan of the
nabbbs:
"He kept his money in eirculation."
New Yerk Evening Post.
sioWar-oai .116.0.11,1i*Lagahorrixio
"Dad," ADM little Reginald, "What
14 a bucketshop?" "A hucketshop, My
sore" geld the father, feelingly, "a
becketthep is it modern cooperage es.
tibilehment to Which a Man taket
bartel and brings back the bunghole,"
Pttclre
-THE,
Poultry World 11
..04uvromv mom a mots
SELECTING BItEEDE'RS.
(M. S. Cheprnan, Judge, Breeder and
(Writer, in altiffelo News).
In eelectleg breeders It is essential to
determine what iss expected of the grown
fowle aild have title erta in view while
culling. out the flock. The neat factor
Isa,the question not merely 01 the egge
that the hens lay In the aprIng, but the
eggs that they. may lay during the var-
ious neoethe of the year. In ether words,
the cost sf producing eggs.
We went a hen to lay a large number
or eggs, but we want them to lay the
eggs at the time when they will bring
the best price. One egg in the fall is
wsrth ta o or three eggs in the spring.
We want October, November and Dee
cember lasers, and, therefore, the fac-
tor must be taken into conelderation when
selecting the chicks thet aro to form the
future flock.
liens that lay the greatest nainber Of•
eggs in the fall months are those which
were hatched early, so thefirst selection
should include the chialte that were
hatched early enough so be welt develop-
ed at this time, and which show proralee
of beginning to lay at least by the first
of November.
KEEP VIGOROUS ONES.
No matter what kind, breed or variety
oe poultry It kept, success depends upon
the vigor of the chick and the abil-
ity of the operator to retie it to maturity
as quickly as posslele. Seine chicks are
bora with stronger constitutions than
others, but even with this favorable
start they muat bo kept at their best to
develop Into profitable layers.
All others, those whioh do not measure
up to a good standard of gamina and
vigor, should be headed for the market
as quickly as possible. Never before is
this rigid culling so imperative. At thig
time it Is folly to feed expensive grains
to weak, puny stock.
Segregate the males as goon as their
e fc can be determined, DO not neglect
this. Unless the young cockerels sluw
exceptional vigor and vitality, they should
be fastened at once, and killed as soon as
marketable. By strong, vigorous cocker-
els it is not meant, necessarily, the pre..
eocious youngsters svhich strut around
the yard and begin crowing at an early
age. This is a good sign, but not an in.
fallible one.
It la essential to have strong, lusty
chicks that get right down to working,
and by their working develop, an appetite
for their rations. There Is more truth
than fiction in the claim that athe feed
makes the breed," and this is especially
applicable to poultry, because it Is neces-
sary for the chicks to consume large
quantitiesor oeutritious food if they are
expected to develop Into heavy egg pro-
ducers, The ability to consutne large.
(verities of feed and tho rapid growth
of the chick is an excellent guide in sel-
ecting the future flock.
A perfect egg type of hen may be de-
termined by experts, but the average
pcultryman cannot select his breeders
that way. In massing a selection for
the breceing flock do not overlook the
heavy producing hens.
CAN SELECT BREEDERS.
However well adapted a, fowl Is for
teble purposes, it may be still further
improved by a judicious course of fatten-
ing, and this process of development, lilee
all othera, has to be understood before It
ehould be practiced on the Male. In the
firgt place, it nia.y be observed that some
of the laylag varieties aro altogether
useless for fattening purposes, and it
v;culd be merely wasting time and money
to try to get these birds in ,such a con-
dition that they would pass for good
broilers.
Ir. the preparations for fattening it
ie a good plan to provide a comfortable
yard of fair size, with a nice warm shed
attached for the accommodation of the
selected birds for two or three weeks be-
fore they will be wanted for the fattea-
lag pens. Here they may be fed sour
milk with tbeir mash and as much table
scraps as they will eat. The variety
of food furnished by table scraps will
keep them in good physical condition.
Plenty of green food may form a ma-
jor portion of the ration at this time
and one of the best meals at night is a
liberal *feeding of cracked corn and
buckwheat.
DON'T FORCE TOO LONG.
During the yarding period the treal-
ment of the birds differs little fromaltat
of the ordinary fowl, with the exception
that the rang.° Is cut down. About three
weeks before the birds are marketed they
should be removed to properly arranged
fattening pens. Thee pens are so con-
structed that the fowls cannot turn
around, but are compelled to remain
quiet, and to receive there food at regular
intervals from troughs placed in front of
a wide slit through which they receive
air and light. The floors of these fat-
tening pens, or crates as they are very
often called, are not boarded, but have
slats running lengthwise so that they
will of necestety have to remain quiet and
also thet the pens will require no clean-
ing during this final stage of the fat -
teeing process. Vers some birds
will go oft their feed and beconte slug-
gish. . These should be given a few
days' run on grass to get them back into
condition, or if they aee in fairly good
condition they are better marketed at
once, Care should be taken not to carry
the fattening period longer than neces-
sary. Sometimes the condition of the
birds will not allow a longer period than
two weeks in the fattening pens,
• Much of the success in fattening fowls
for market depends upon the nature and
quality of the food. This difficultw Is
overcome if only sweet, whole grains are
used or prime grains ground into meals.
Coarse flour, which is sometimes called
macaroni flour, is often used as the
wheat grain in the mash mixture. A
mash consisting of cornmeal, ground
buckwheat meal and oatmeal makes an
Ideal fattening food when it has been
moletenedwith sweet or sour milk. It
fins all the requirements.
SELL, ALIVE, SOMETIMES.
During the season, with the exception-
ally high coat of grain; it will be better
to give careful study to local market
conditions. Where there are very few
table acraps. or other natural reethode
of supplYIng green foods, it ;nay he
best to tern the excess birds off at live
weight to a local commission dealer, or
;tell alive, direct to the consumer.
This plan will often give as good re-
turns as when the birds are especially
fattened, and as this year is exception-
al regarding the prices ot feed, it is
one for the poultryman to decide for
Itimaelf.
One course Is certain, it is a need -
lose waste of feed to -carry over any
young or old fowl which are not likely
to retura a profit. This is a Waste that.
ehOuld be corrected at once.
Agate, It Is the duty of every poultry -
lima who has fowls which will pay a
profit over the cost of feeding, to pre-
serve them and to increase las flock to
the greatest capacity. The Whole world
demands food, and all kinds are getting
scarce. Every family can help if they
will keep a thrall flock of hen% and feed
them on table waste, In addition to a
small quality of grain.
Nothing is moredeeeptive than bad,
food. It causes all kinds of digestive
trembles, fails to nourish the chick,
and often becomes; a positiVe menace. to
tho health of the fowl.
DESIGNED FOR MARICET.
When fowls are designed for market
purposes, arid especiAlly those itttended
p
iLEs
Zatn..Buk ends the
pain, and stops bleed
•ing. Try It I
An dealers, 50c. box.
sf...14
for a fancy trade, they should not be
killed by wringing their necks as is of-
ten the practice. A. more humane
method and one that makee the dressed
amyl appear to the best advantage, Is to
have a knife thrust through the roof of
the mouth Oita the brain, and then With
a slight twist make a email int:Won side-
ways, ao as to eever the main artorry.
This will insure proper draining of the
blood.
For convenience the birds should be
hung head down and plucked while warm.
Asi soon as the feathers are removed they
should be placed in a glean place to cool,
GENERAL OADORNA,
Distinguished Record of Italian
Army's Chief of Staff.
General Luigi Cadorna, the chief 0
the general staff of the Italian army,
whose recent successes against the
Austrians have made him one of the
greet outstanding figures of the war,
reached his 67th birthday anniversary
this week. It was in an old mansion
at Pallanza that the now famous
emnmander first saw the light of day
on Sept, 4, 1850. His family belongs
to the oldest Italian aristocracy and
has long been celebrated in a military
way. His father, who was a count
as well as a brilliant general, led the
Italians against the Austrians in the
war of 1848, and had the honor of
heading the troops which restored
Rome to Italy lit 1870.
At the age of ten the Gen. Cadorna
of to -day entered the Cadet School of
Milan, where Ise is said to have die-
tinguished himself for his intelligence
and vivacity of character. After sev-
eral years of hard study he passed to
the Military College at Turin, and
from there entered the Italian army.
He was graduated from the military
college at the age of eighteen, standing
first in his class, and began his
active military career as a second lieu-
tenant to the general staff. With this
grade he entered upon a course of
instruction at the Staff College and
while a keen student of everything
bearing on milttary matters, he spent
his spare time In reading history and
philosophy. During his term at the
Staff College he served in both the
infantry and the artillery,
Upon leaving the college he was
appointed to the staff of the division
of Florence, which was then command-
ed by his f ether. He was made a
.captain in 1875 and a major in 1883.
During the ensuing ten years, until he
attained the rank of colonel in 1892,
there Welt place several important
manoeuvres, in which Major Cadorna
took a prominent part. It was during
this period, also, that he acquired the
exact knowledge of Italy's northern
frontiers, which has proved him In
such good stead during the present
conflict. It is true his father, while
In command of the army corps at
Turin, had given some attention to
these studies and had imparted the
results to his son, but the latter has
acquired such a perfect knowledge of
all that pertained to the defence of
the frontier as to amaze all of his
colleagues in the army, being able to
place with exactness every valley,
pass, road and other strategic position,
without even a reference to books or
maps.
After serving six years as colonel of
the famous Tenth Corps of Bersagi-
leri, Cadorna was raised to the rank of
major -general. At the time of his
promotion he wrote an excellent
pamphlet on tactics for the officers
of his brigade. The book soon became
known to all Of the Italian military
commanders and was much sought
after, for it was recognized as embrae-
ing the fundamental rules for infantry
training. In its later editions this
pamphlet Is acknowledged as an au.
thorny, and when General Cadorna
became chief of the general staff of the
army, soon after the outbreak of the
present war, he had the satisfaction
of seeing his little book, although
written sixteen years ago, universally
regarded as the best work on the sub-
ject.
General Cadorna has published sev-
eral other military works, all of whicii
are characterized by a clearness and
lucidity which.denote the great mili-
tary knowledge of the writer.
The general has a reputation not
only as a brilliant tactician, but as an
able leader of men, in whom the sol-
diers have the fullest and most com-
plete confidence. He has a tail and
elegant figure, with tin ease in his
movement that indicates the practised
horseman, and the quick eye of the
soldier born to command.
Coupled with a, keen and acute In-
telligence, Cadorna posseeses a strong
and tenacious character, to such an
extent as to make his preconceptions
inevitable In their results, In spite et
all difficulties and obstacles.
Oape Horn's Lighthouse.
Probably the latest desolate and
dreary spot in the world inhabitated
by white men is the lighthouse that
is rattintaihed by the Argentine gov-
ernment at Cape Horn. This is claim-
ed to be the southernmost lighthouse
in the World.
vs lesseree++.4.141-0-044+++ •-• • •e• •
•
; rape
Recipes
+++.•-•-•+
GRA.PDI PUDDING.
Sift together a cupful and a, halt ot
flour, a fourth of a cuptal of sugar
and a teaspooaful of baking powder,
then wlth the tips of the fingers work
M half a cupful of butter. To the
well -beaten yolk of an egg add a
quarter or a cupful ot cold water:win-
bine with the Met mixture, using
more water if needed to matte a
stiff (lough. Line a deep pudding dish
with this pastry, shaping the edge la
acallolis above the top of the form,
Brusit with white of egg and chill in
the refrigerator until about an hour
before dinner, then fill it a little more
than half with sugared grapes, misting
also a rounding tablespoouful of flour
with each pint of fruit, and bake in
rather a hot oVen. Beat the yokes at
two eggs with the fourth -0 a cupful
of hot milk and Pour the mixture over
the pudding m Me oven when it is
almost done. Continue to bake until
the custard tlaickens, reducing the
temperature somewhat, then cover
with a meringue made of the whites
of threo eggs, three tablespoonfuls of
sugar and vanilla to flavor, and bake
In a slow oven until a delicate brown.
GRAPE TARTLETS.
Line some patty pans with rich pas-
try, brush with white of egg and chili.
Wash and stein somo well -flavored
grapes, simmer gently a few minutes,
rub through a sieve to seperate the
pulp from the skins and seeds and
sweeten to taste. To a pint of this
pulp add the juice of a half d lemon
and a rounding tablespoonful each
of butter and flour. Stir until the
butter is melted, pour over the well -
beaten yolks of two eggs, fill into
the pasiry shells and bake. When
done cover with a meringue made of
the whites of thele eggs and bake until
delicately browned.
PEACH AND GRAPE SHERBETS.
For sherbets this month peaches and
grapes will be found best. Dissolve
one cupful of sugar in one pint of
water, boil for three minutes and put
away until cold, then add one pint of
pulped peaches or grape juice and
freeze. When half frozen add the
deeehrietdsugar,
e soufane egg whipped to a mer-
ingue with one tablespoonful of pow -
finish the freezing, then
pack and set aside for a couple of
hours to ripen. To prepare the grape
juice bruise the fruit and set over the
fire until scalding hot, then turn into
acheesecloth bag and let the juice
drip
GRAPE NECTAR.
Take the Stiles of two lenions and
one orange, one pint ot grape juice,
one small eupful of sugar and a pint
of water. Serve ice cold. If served
from punchbowl, sliced lemon and
orange add to the appearance.
AN INVALID DRINK..
Put in the bottom of a wineglass
two tablespoonfuls ot grape juice; tide
to this the beaten white of one egg
and a little chopped ice; sprinkle su-
gar over the top and serve. Tills is
°teen served In sanitariums.
GRAPE PUNCH.
Boll together one pound ot sugar
and half a pint of water until it
spins a thread; take from the fire, and
when cool add the juice of six lemons
and a quart of grape juice. Stand
aside over nignt. Serve with plain
water, Apollinaris or soda water,
BOHEMIAN CREAM.
One pint of thick cream, one pint
grape juice jelly; stir together; mut
in cups and set on ice. Serve with
lady fingers. ,
GRAPE SHERBET.
Inir eight persons mix one pint ot
grape juice (unfermented), juice of le-
mon and one heaping tablespoonful
of gelatine, dissolved in boiling water;
freeze quickly; add beaten white of
one egg just before finish.
GRAPE ICE CREAM,
Ono quart of unfermented grape
juice, one quart of cream, one pound
of sugar and the juice of one lemon.
SYLLABUB.
One quart of freah cream, whites
of four eggs, one glass of grape juice,
two small cupfulls of powdered sugar;
whip half the sugsSr with the eream,
the balance with the eggs; mix well;
add grape juice and pour over sweet-
ened strawberries and pineapples, or
'oranges and bananas. Serve cold.
an.
Excusable.
In a confidential little talk to a
group of medical students an eminent
Physician took up the extremely im-
portant matter of correct diagnosis of
the maximum fee.
"The best rewards," he said, "come,
of course, to the established specialist.
For instance, I charge $25 for a call
at the residence, $10 for an office con-
sultation, and $5 for a telephone con -
imitation."
There was an appreciative and en-
vious silence, and then a voice from
the back of the amphitheatre, sli,ghtly
thickened, spoke.
"Doc," it said, "how much do you
charge a fellow for passing you on the
etreet?"-New York Evening Post,
Cheap Soup.
Save the 'ham water.
And the vegetable odd e and ends.
Add a marrow bone from the butehs
Ws.
A bit at thickening and seasonleg.
The resuIte-a nutritious luncheon.
• 2 end 5 lb. Cations
10,20, 50 and 00 lb.
Ste.
is inade in one grade only the' highest. So there is
no• danger ,of getting "seconds" when you buy
,Redpath in the original Cartons or Bags.
"Let neditath Sweeten it."
6)
Canada Sugar Refining Co, Limited, IVIontreal.
niaissionss
E.W.GILLETT COMPANY LIMITED
WINN PEGi ToNoNro. wit
MoNTAEAL
Seven Bells,
Everybody who knows anything
about natItleal matters understands the
methods of keeping time at sea -eight
bells every eight hours. From 0 to 8 it
the evening is the second dogwatch,
but on British ships seven bells (half -
past 7) of the second dogwatch are
never struck, All other ships, even
the American, strike these bells. Dur-
ing the Napoleonic wars there was a
great mutiny in the British navy. The
crewe of the fleets lying at Spithead
and the Nore agreed to rise simultane-
ously against their officers. The signal
agreed upon was seven bells of the
second dogwatch. The mutiny actually
began at the arranged time, but
failed, the ringleaders being executed.
Ever since then seven bells of the
second dogwatch has never been
struck on Britiali ships, naval or mer-
cantile. •
Enoch Arden.
"Briefly stated," we explained, "the
story of Enoch Arden was about as
follows: He went to sea and was
shipwrecked on an inhabited island
where he remained for several years.
When at last he was rescued Mr. Ar-
den put out for home with consider-
able rapidity, only to find that during
his absence Mrs. Arden had married
again. What do you suppose was his
subsequent action?"
"Hard to figger," replied Mr. Gap
Johnson, of Rumpus Ridge, Ark., who
had listened with deep interest to the
recital. "You can't tell which way a
toad will jump when you poke him,
and folks is just peculiar. Probly he
either took a shot at his wife's second
husband or else borrowed enough
money off'n him to get back to his un-
inhabited island and I wouldn't bet a
nickel on either horn of what-d'ye-call
it!"
4 • C.
"Firebrand River."
, The Colorado River was reached by
two of the early Spanish explorers
from Mexico in 1640. One of the ex-
plorers was Melchior Diaz, who came
across country and went only a short
distance above Yurna, and the other
was Hernando de Alarcon, who came
in boats from Western (Mexico. Owing
to the custom of the natives of carry-
ing firebrands in winter with which
to warm themseivea, Diaz named the
stream Rio del Tizo.n (Firebrand Riv-
er), e name more distinctive than the
present one, which often causes con-
siderable confusion becauee no part of
the river is in the State or Colorado. -
Santa Fe Guide Book, Superintendent
.of Documents.
WEAK BOYS AND GIRLS
It is a mistake to think that anaemia
is only a girl's complaint. Girls prob-
ably show the effect ot weak, watery
blood more plainly than boys. De-
layed developntent, pale faces, head-
ae. es, palpitation, and a feeling of
listlessnese call attention to weak
blooa in the ease of girl. But many
boys in their teens grow thin and
"V eedy" and have pimples on the face,
showine that they have not enough
blood, °The anemic boy Is just ae
likely to become a victim of consump-
tion as the pale, breathless girl with
her headaches and worn-out look. Let
the boy in this condition catch cold
and he will lose his strength and his
health becomes precarious.
To prevent serious disaster to those
of the rising generation, let both boys
and girls be given the new rich blood
which Dr. Williams' Pink Pills are
famous the world over for making,
When giving these pills watch how
soon the appetite returns and how the
languid girl or the weak boy becomes
full of activity and high spirits. Res
member that the boy has to develop,
too, if he is to make a strong, hearty
man. Give both the boys and girls
a fair chance to develop strongly
through the new, rich blood Dr. Wil-
liams' Pink Pills actually make. You
will then see active boys and girls,
instead of weakly children, around you.
Dr. Williants' Pink Pills are sold by
all medicine 'Were or may be ab-
talned by mail at 50 cents a box or
six boxes for $2.50 from The Dr, Wil-
liams Medicine Co., Brockville, Ont.
The Surprise,
"The trouble 'with scientific manage-
ment, as the employee understands it,"
said Samuel Gompers at a labor ban-
quet in New York, "Is that it's all to
the employer's advantage and all to
the dieadvantageeot the employee.
"The employee is like the lady whose
husband said:
" 'Learh to cook, darling, abd I'll
give you a surprise.'.
"She took a six-rnonths' cookins
Celine and then brought home her
diplonla proudly, She could now cook
like an angel.
" 'Bring on my surprise,' she said.
" 'This is it,' said her husband, sluff"'
ing, and he rang for the cOolt and
discharged her then and there." --
Washington Star.
4 *AO
Got the Wrong Party.
In no other iteusehold except that
Of a doctor eould this mistake se
platieibly have occurred.
"Get my bag for rue et once!" bormi-
ed the doctor. "Sono fellow sette in a
dying voice that he can't live withoet
M6410 0. Inement!" interpoeed Itia
wife. "I think that call is Lor (laugh-
ter, dear."-e-LoUleville Cottrier-Jeurnal.
••••••
* The Greatest
Foe Disaster ;
On Sunday the Tribune printed an
article diecussing the casualty lista of
the vvar on tileir military Side, But
there is another and even more Illum-
inating aspect to this discussion ot
losses during the conflict -that which
bears Upon the lists of battle. It is
an examination of thie phase which
demonstrates the extent of the disaster
to Germany of the present war.
The German permanent losses -that
I, the number of Germane killed.
Crippled and permanently remoVed
from the battle line -amounted for the
first three years of war to 4,000,000,
The figures are those of the French
general Oat% but there is no reason to
question them, as the sources of infor-
mation of all general staffs permit
them to know the losses of their foes
and their own losses serve as a guide.
At the moment of war Germany had
available, including the younger man
who would reach military age before
the end of 1918, it little more than 11,-
009,000, This figure represents the fit,
not the aggregate male population.
For three years, then, the German
loss has been rather more than a thira
of her able-bodied males -36 per cent,
to be exact. If the German perman-
ent loss for the eurrent year should be
what it was in each of the first two
years -that is, 1,500,000 (the Russian
collapse lessened it for last year, be-
cause it not only reduced cesualtiee
suffered from Russian armies, but
slowed down the Allied offensive) --
aggregate permanent loss of the Ger-
mane for four years would be 5,500,000
-that is, 50 per cent, of their man
power.
Now, in the first three 3 ears the
Britleh loss was somewhat around a
million; it was less rather than more
This represents a 12 per cent. loss iri
a military population of 7,500,000, and
this is just a third of the German Mee
In other words the blood tax upon
British manhood has just been a third
what it has been upon the Germane In
the first three years of war. Now.
suppose the British should low anotn-
er million next year -an extreme esti-
mate. The total loss would then he.
2,000,000, or just over a quarter of the
man power of Britain.
If you say that four years of was
ivill cost Germany half of her Mee -
bodied men, that it will remove shell
Permanently from industry, while Is
removes only a quarter of the man
power of her greatest commercial rivnt,
you will state the probable truth. and
you will indicate the real eetent et
German disaster. The Britisb situa-
tion is, too, improved by the fact tbat
Britain has nearly 15,000,000 wbitee in
her colonies, which meaus a further
population of able-bodied males of 2 -
500,000 in the empire, less the coloniel
casualties, which are not likely to peso
the half -million mark in permanent
losses.
Ae present time Germany holds
no British territoryav'aile 13ritain hold'
a million square miles of German col-
ohles. Britain has four German pris•
oners to one Briton held in Germavy.
Granted that the war restored the gco••
graphical conditions of 1914, the two
great commercial rivals would iaco
each other in far different poeture
than before the war. Of Germany's
great wealth -producing poptiratton ef
males, half would be gone, as against
a quarter for tbe British. Add thle to
the lost markets in enemy countries
and, by contrast, the Improved Breleh
position In countries now becorae al-
lies, and there ie a ineaeure of the in-
evitable British vielory.
Germany bas only 01:0 other great
commercial rival -the United States -
and we shall end the fourth year of
the war with a casualty list, at the
greatest enneeirable* point. or not
above a hundred thounand. This is
less than 1 per cent., agninet 50 for the
Germans.
The Germans have boon able, by us-
ing their prisoners and by turning
the populations in occupied districts
into slaves, to put a far larger percen-
tage of their male population upon the
firing line than their western oppon-
ents. This has enabled them to hold
outeand still enables them to hold out,
but it means a vastly greater perma-
nent loss in German men. All Amer-
icans recall that the South with its
negro slave population, was able to
mobilize almost its entire manhood in
the civil war, but this manhood was
ultimately well night destroyed, and
the south has hardly recovered in half
a century.
The real defeat of Germany must be
measured by the death lists, by the
numbers permanently removed from
industry. Another year of war will
mean not less than 50 per cent., and
there is no certainty that next Year
will be the last year of the contest. -
New York Tribune.
•••••••••=1.0.11.
HOW IT HAPPENED.
One day after the brakeman had
been explaining the scenery,' one of
the passengers whispered to the con-
ductor:
"Conductor, can onu tell me how
that brakeman lost his finger? He
seeems to be a nice fellow,"
"Thatea just it, ma'am. He is so
obliging that he just wore his finger
oft pointing out the scenery along the
line," -Denver News.
Modified Swear Words.
When Laura firet went to school the
associated with some older children,
who taught her to say things she had
'oamme.other, who took
n eTv ehre heardlittle at r
her to task for saying "naushty
words," was SUrprISed and somewhat
gratified to hear, Laura exclaim:
"Darn it -I mean blame it all!"
• - e
Sacrificial.
Sweet Girl (affectionately) -Papa you
'wouldn't I1k me to leave you, would
you? Papa (fondly) -Indeed, I would not,
my darling. Sweet Garl-Well, then,
marry M. Poorchap. Pie is willing ti
live here. -New York Weekly.
Ammo.
DRS. SOPER & WHITE
$PECIALI8TS
texereo, Aghrse. Catarrh. Navies,
Dyspepslie, Epilepsy, Rheum/dam, Endo, Kld.
nay, Mood. Nerve and enteldee DISeatev.
Call or semi binary tor tree advice. tieditia•
lefties ed hi teblet Ione. Iteure-10 tn. to 1 p.m.
and 2 to 0 pen, Seedayiale ant, to 1 psn,
Ocestultsliosi re,*
DIM oPER & Wilt&
Is Testate it,, Tema°, Oat,
Pieta. Mention Tat Poor,
e.
1.•
WISE.
"Send me a to at coal."
"Mut steer
"Welt o tweatlimeend-pOUnd ton Weald
stilt Me, lf that% not aRking too mueh."
&CANOAL.
(Jatige)
Eessele-eYan don't oelleve every bit of
securestt yott hear, do you?
Helen -Oh, deer, no; bat 11 one ICe1418
reecatine it, it seems to help a let.
EXPLAINED.
(fouisville Courier -Journal)
'There's a, girl who le aiwaes amtleue
to who my part."
"A desoted triena, eh?
ealy understudy," eXPlained the star.
simply.
NO TIME TO SP %PE,
(Boston Transcript)
ife-Darliese I love you.
She -Good gracious! Why, we've only
just become acqualeted.
Ra -Yes, / know. but I'm may down
here for the week -end.
TROUBLE.
(Baltimore American)
Fortune Teltee-Tbere le trouble corn-
ing in your bousehold from a Moeda
woman and a dark man.
Patron -Ws wine. Our Swedleir cook
eloped with the coal man.
SAME, ONLY DIFFERENT.
(Isoulsville Courier -Journal)
"I think you need fresh air."
"That's funey. The other doctor told
rue I needed salt atr.
A GENTLg HINT.
(Boston Transcript)
Would-be Contributor -Do you think
there Is any chance of my getting my'
Poems printed in your leper?
' Weary Editor -There may be, I sha'n't
live forever.
• •
THE DIFFERENCE..
(Washington Star)
'What's the difference • between a pas
Itbot aed a hero?"
-They're about the same things" /v-
aned Senator Sorghum, "only a hero isn't
Popularly expected to be much of a
public speaker."
IN IGNORANCE.
(Louisville Coutier-Journal)
"I see the soldiers are now taking
Craonne."
"Ilh. Just so. Is it a, stimulant or a
tewn?"
SAM BO% .HOLIDAY.
(Bostor Transcript)
"Ali wants the day off, boss, ter leek
fo' a lob fo' mah wife."
"Wilt you be back to -morrow?"
"Yes, ef she done git it."
WAR SERVICE.
(Puck)
Willis -What are you going to do le
this war?
Gillis -What do you mean?
' Willis -Go to the front and intrench
or stay home and retrench?
A HOT ONE. •
(Life)
Gruff 13achelor (in restaurant) -I ant
glad to Ace your baby has kept still at
last madam,
Mother -Yes, sir. You are the only
thing that has pleased him since he saw
the animals eat at the zoo,
a
ACCEPTED, SURE.
(Boston Transcript)
Poet -Alas! All my contributions are
returned with regrets.
Friend -Try sending a contribution to
the Red Cross fund -I'll warrant that
won't be,
A DRAWBACK.
(Washington Star)
"A girl should be educated to do things
for herself."
"Yes," answered Mr. Cumrox. "Only
sometimes I "WWI Gladys wouldn't In -
bat on doing ber own singing and piano
playing."
WELL PUT.
(Life)
Uncle Ezra -So ye just got back teem
New York! What's the difference be-
tween the city and the country?
Uncle Ebens-Wal, in the country you
go to bed feeling all in and get up feel -
fine, and in the city you to to bed feel-
ing fine and get up feeling. all M.
NOT' THEN.
(Bain -More Americae)
"Two are company."
"Yes, until after they are nutde one."
• .
T I-1 E FIULING PASSION.
(Boston Traneeript)
Floor -Walker -Hurry out, madam! The
store's afire.
Mrs, Bargains -Oh, is it? Then I'll
just wait for the fire sale.
,s4 •
MODERN POETRY.
(Detroit Free Presa)
"Do you enjoy modern poetry?"
"Very much. It's such good fun try.
ing to figure out what it means," '
CRUEL.
(Boston Transcript)
. Caller -Here ere some verses I wrote.
What ought I to get for them?
Editor (after glancing over Ilees)-1
am an editor, not a magistrate,
MAKING UMBRELLAS.
The Work of Assembling the
Frames and Putting on 0oVers.
In most umbrella' factories the task
of turning out ribs and stems is left to
other factories making a specialty of
those parts. These are emit to the
manufacturer, and the man whose
work it is to assemble the parts in -
sorts a bit of wire into the small holes
at the end .of the ribs, draws them to-
gether about the main rod and adjusts
the ferrate.
In cutting the cloth or eilk seventy-
five thicknesses or thereabouts are ar-
ranged upoli a table at whieh skilled
operators work. In one department
there are girle who operate hemming
machines. A thowelnd yards of hem-
med goods is a day's work for one of
these girls. The machines doing thie
job attain a speed of some 3,000 revo-
lutions a minute. After the hemming
has been done the cloth or silk is cut
lute triailgular pieces with a knife, 8.5
bfore, but with a pattern laid upon
the cloth. The neXt operation is the
sewing of the triangular pieees to-,
gether by machinery.
The covers and frames are noW
ready to be brought together. In all
there are ttventy-ont pieces 'where the
cover is to be attached to the frame.
The handle Is next glued on, and the
umbrella is ready for pressing and in-
spection.
Flowers and Blood.
A. Superetition detlhg from olden
times eXIsts to the effect that rose
and flowers generally attain greater
beetity In soil fertilized by blood, ea,
Peelally by human blood, than else-
where. Persons who have Visited
Newmarket, England, knew of the e0 -
called "bloody flower ot Newmarket,"
which is found riolvliere elee than. In
the Old moat, now filled tip and itt
which, etcOrding to tradition, a very
targe quantity Of Iturnat renialtia 19
Interred. Thole flowers 'bloom in ante
and July and by the bloodlike hue of
their bloseette suggest the nettle
%Weir lino been given to them.