The Wingham Advance, 1917-07-05, Page 7ARMY IN MESOPOTAMIA NOW
THOROUGHLY WELL EQUIPPED
Former Slackness Entirely +
Gone — Russ Inaction
Up Gen. Maude. HUN LOSES LAST
Holds
••••••••••••••••••............
London -Cable.— The Military
correspondent of the Times gives
L long •detailed account of the
present eenditi011e of the Britieh
forces th MeeoPotanlia, showing a con
plete controst with the revelations in
the report on the Mesopotamian expe-
dition made public Tuesday alight in
the blue book. The correspondent says
tbe army there is now admirably pro-
vided and medical arrangements are
thoroughly satisfactory. A great
change has occurred in India, which
still is the base of the expedition, al-
though control has been transferred
to the War Office at London.
e Bombay is the base depot, and is
most efficiently administered. Stip-
Ping and cargoes are well and quickly
handled, and hospital arrangements
are very good. Everything is effici-
ently organized,
india, the correspondent says, is
now doing more. than she is receiving
credit for, Her Government, recoeniz-
ing the slackness of the past, deter-
mined to do all humanly possible, and
an altogether new spirit has arisen.
The writer says events in Russia con-
siderably influence the 13ritish position
in 11,fesopotanma, and, in consequence
er the inaction of the Russian army in
the Caucasus, the situation of General
Maude, commander-in-chief, is radical-
ly changed, lf the Russian offensive
under General Yudevitch, ex-c.omman-
der-in-chief of the Caucasus, had been
prosecuted, the Anglo-Indian army
would now form the left flank of the
Russian line. General Yudevitch was
removed, and no offensive occurred.
The situation required, and presumab-
ly received, the earnest attention of
the British Government, the writer
Oncludes.
4 •
HARRY LAUDER
SHOWS COURAGE
Takes Place On Stage in a
Soldier Scene.
Does His Tart, Though
Heartbroken:
(London, Eng., Express.)
"When they're sitting round the fire-
side,
And the mother kisses her son."
A little figure in mud -stained khaki
stood in the tniddle of the stage of the
Shaftesbury Theatre last night and,
with a background of real soldiers,
sang the lines with a face set and
tern, struggling with all -his might
not to break down.
It was Mr. Harry Lander, returned
to "Three Cheers," obviously strung
up to breaking point and determined
at all and every cost not.to give way.
He laughed and danced, and his art
proved triumphant over his grief. Not
mita tins song of sacrifice for victory
was there any -sign ot the ordeal
through Which the artist was naming
—and even then, though the struggle
was fierce, he conquered.
The audience, worked up to a higb
tension, stood and waved and cheered
with a heartfelt enthusiasm and spon-
taneity seldom known in a theatre, re -
intending to the fervour and passion
with which Mr. Lauder sang the Slit -
ring words of "The Lads Who Fought
and Won!"
This was not acting, it was nature,
not to be denied. The actor had said
to a friend earlier in the evening, "I
will thew them what Scotland can do"
--and he, the father, "fouseit and
Avon."
It was one of the most poignant and
wonderful and moving things the thea-
tre has given us, and it was because
for the moment it ceased to be a thea-
tre, and was part of a very life we all
ttre living, that it was so great.
Soh a conjunction of artist and
man has rarely been seen on the stage,
for lite has seldom given the reason
for such a vital, vivid, tremendoue
moment. It was not because it was
Mr. Harry Lauder who sang the
words, but because it was a father be-
reaved. Every minute of the brilliant
revue throbbed with emotion, because
of the thoughts in the brain of all
of us.
At the close of the performance the
cheering was so prolonged that Mr.
Lauder was compelled to come before
the curtain.
"I would like to say to you hoe
much 1 thank you for this expression
of sympathy during thee sore trial,"
said Air. Lauder.
'I came here to -night because 1
knew there were 200 people depending
on me for theirbreakfast, and that I
must make a fight for it. I know it
would have been the wish of my -sol-
dier son that I should do my duty by
my follow -men.
"I want to say to you now, and I see
lnany soldiers before me, that this
great sacrifiee which is going on must
not be made without victory."
SLAVES TO HUNS.
Sovereignty of Luxemburg
Again Insulted.
Ameterdain, Cable. — Detrails of the.
leiners' strike in Luxemburg, which the
Germans siuppreseed, have reached the
Telegraaf. Over two-thirds of all the
Luxemburg vorkere struck at the begin-
ning of June. The workers demanied a
Phare of the enormous war profits of
these mines from work for the German
army. The Luxemburg Government
warned the people that the Germane
Would eend troops to prevent disturban-
ces, and that the troops 'Would be attar-
tered on the population. In June IC
1,er cert. of Inc. miners. Dodelange
atritelt, whereupon the Germans Waled
a threatening mince to all touria,FW
Luxenietirg forbidding Meetings and dee
daring that the demonstrations would
be suppreesed by force Of Arens and the
leaders arrested for treason and tried by
tOlait.eriartial. The Luxemburg (Meern.
inent protested strongly against the lime
attack againet Luxemburg sovereIgnitY.
J'IieGermans replied with "lave" from
the Etappe region, COMpelling thAM to
renlalit the strikere. The following day
1,M0 Metre deported Pelgiaris arrived at
IniXelritnirfe. The strike leaders were
eurnmoned before the Military governor
and lUUty informed leith menaces that the
grace 'Meet tease. The followine day
the strikers, evherrer per emit. Were
without food, -capitulated,
HIGH POSITIONS
French Command All the
Hills On Aisne Front,
'Sudden Thrust Disproves
Story of Lassitude,
Paris Cable.—The sharp blow de-
livered against the Crown Prince's
new Ailette River positions Wednes-
day resulted in the loss of his last ex-
isting high ground along the Chemin-
des-Dames, north of Hurtebise Perm.
The suddenness a,nd effectiveness of
Gen. Petain's thrust, which was com-
pleted in thirteen minutes, compares
with the recapture of Douamont last
autumn anti the British successes at
Vines, and Messines.
Oen. Petain's recent etaternent to
the French troops explaining France's
war aiM3 is significant, coming on the
eve of the secret session of the
Chamber of Deptities when Gen. Ni-
velle'm April offensivewill be the sub-
ject of investigation. The French high
command's confidence in the unshak-
able morale of the French soldiers is
made clear by Petain, who, on the eve
of the fourth year of theewar, reiter-
ates the Allies' determination to fight
on for a lasting peace.
General Petain's pronounciamento,
coupled with the lightning -like attack
on the Dragon's Cave, where the
French "shock" regimeots stormed
one of the hardest posts on the whole
front, goes far to disprove what a few
pacifist pessimists have been spread-
ing—that the French are sinking into
lassitude after the tremendous strug-
gle of the last three years.
The old idea that the French pos-
sessed dash, courage and daring, but
lacked staying power, was completely
refuted at Verdun, when the 'tonna
gave grclund only inch by inch and
after extorting a terrible price in
bled from the pick of the Crown
Prince's legions.'
The French morale has been im-
proving steadily since the German
failure at Verdun, and the successful
British onslaughts, with the appear-
ance of American troops on this front,
cause the men to look forward fuller
of confidence than ever before.
FRENCH REPORT.
Paris Cable. --The official com-
munication issued by the War Office
Thursday night reads:
'Intermittent bombardments occur-
red in the region of Hurtebise Monu-
ment on Teton Height, Mont Blond,
and Carnillet. The enemy artillery was
vigorously counter -shelled by us along
the whole front, and particularly on
the left bank of the Meuse, on the
slopes of Mont des Roches. North of
.Touy a strong enemy patrol attempted
a surprise attack, and was repulsed.
"A German aeroplane was brought
down by one of our machines and fell
in the Bois de Bau-Marais, south of
Craonne. The pildt, who was wound-
ed, and an officer -observer, unwound-
ed, were taken prisoner.
"The Germans continued to bom-
bard Rheims, into which 1,200 shells
were fired to -day, eight on the cathe-
dral."
4-4.4444 4, -**44-44 +44-44444 44444
A BELGIAN
SLAVE RAID
4 -4,44 -4 -444.44 -4 -4 -44 -444 -4 -44 -
(By an Eyewitness.)
The district of Wavre (Brabant)
Onsists of 22 communes—there are
2,800 moccunes in Belgium. The order
which summoned at Wavre the entire
male population between the ages of
17 and 56, of 22 millages of the dis-
trict of that name—about 10,000 men—
was posted an November 14, and read;
NOTICE.
All men between the ages of
37 and 56 (inclusive) ot the
commune of — ale requested
to present th.emselves at Wavre
market place. The burgomas-
ter should be present. The men
concerned should be carrying
- their identity cards, and in case
Of need their meldekarte (card
of control), Small hand bag-
gage will be allowed. Those
who fall to appear will be im-
mediately transported without
delay and by force to the places
where they are to work. Be-
sides, they are liable to very
heavy fines and long imprison-
ment. Priests, doctors, lawyers,
• schoolmasters and professors
need not present themselves.
THIS IMPERIAL KREIS-
CHEF OF ilivELLEs,
Graf Von Schwerin.
Ottignie, Noe, 3, 1916.
So it is for to -morrow. And the no-
tice was not posted until 7 o'clock in
the morning, an hour when all men
Who have work are already in the
factories or the yards. When the no-
tice was posted, suddenly among the
women and children eame the panic-
stricken desolation of complete sur-
prise. The workers did not know
of it and had to be warned; they had
to be warned so that they might have
time to prepare, so that this day
might be Spent With their dear ones—
the last perhaps—and together to take
euch precaution% poor, unavailable,
suet) as Were possible, The weeping
women went to fetch their men to take
them back to their homes; and there
was heart -breaking scenes'poignant,
but admirable in their feellnge of the
simple stoleal devotion which they re-
veal. The greater part ot these homes
are poor; two yeard of war, of dear
of rations have brought abent
destitution; there is nothing in the
house but the portion of food strictly
measured for each one; and to -Morrow
if the father, if the eldest son is sent
awaY, there will be no more resources.
That matters nothing; there is no
thought mein for the beloved being
who is threatened; in the bundle
they are preparing they put the last
warm garment, the last blanket, all
the bread they have left, everything --
to -morrow, indeed, when he is eane,
'who will want to eat!
••••••••••,,•••••....,..14,-...•••••••,••. ....I.....metromm•••••,werMOMMOI*TTM.(01.1,40....41.1.*,....1.0,1•WVIOM011.1.00,1,.....*.••Wm.nr-.7
•
They must be at Wavre at eight
O'Clock, says the order. And for the
greater part of the mon sumnaoned fAs
the way to the chief town of the
canton is long, one holar, two hours
There are no more farm wagons in
the country, there are no more
TheY Mint Walk' earrYing
their bags; so they Must leave early,
Before 6 o'clock the procession, the
meluncholy and erminable preen -
Won, begins on the roads, In the
biting cold the dark Novembei
morning, the freezing wine, for the
weather is cruel. Nature, menacing
tee lark, accentuating the unguish
In their hearts. But they 'Must be
strong. The impression of despitir
must not be given. Most of the men
have forbidden their reptiles to ac-
company them; the anguish of the
separetion might melte-them show
weakness. This must not be, so
nearly all of them are going alone,
(inc sees, marching to their Calvarin
only groups of nsen, marching in Si-,
lence, and heavily, heavily, as if their
poor, meagre bundles were Very heavy,
Only a few women, who have not been
able to control themselves, follow,
Wel-lerePinegis Wayne The little village
Iles grim and gray on this sad morn-
ing, It is hemmed in by tritons,
who, at all opening, bar the way.
Men. are engulfed In the Ilene -0
streets leading to the market Plate,
the huge square, with its low houses,
with shaky facades, sorrowful re-
mains of a savage invasion. It has
beeen completely evacuated and all
the roads which lead to it are
empty, Only one can see, at the
and of those roads, behind the war-
ring troora, the crowd from which
come tries, names, words of fare-
well to the poor people, rounded up,
village by village, who are waiting,
dejectedly pitiful in their impotence
and their numiliation. A few among
them eemember, with a little sorrow-
ful smile, that yesterday in the same
place there had been a pig market.
BIG INCR E
es00
The work of choosing begins. By
groups Of a thousand the men are
conducted to a school building
where the agent of the German au-
thorities keep office To get at
this school building the road runs
by the bank of the. Dyle. It le the
picturesque spot of Wavre. in -
normal times there is an atmos-
phere of peaceful gaiety, of cheer-
fulness. This morning at the win-
dows of the houses the anguished
faces of women, of children, of old
people in tears. There are people
on the roofs. They all gaze greedily
at the passing lines. They want to see
once more, perhaps for the last time,
a husband, a son, a brother, perhaps a
fiance.
0 ,,,
After a wait for four bours the
crowd is finally conducted to the
school. I watched the men. I know
a number of them. I saw a lot of
their faces grow suddenly 'very pale.
They walked in very firmly, but
they are ghastly pale. One feels
the anxiety which freezes them, ar-
rests the blood in their veins. These
are the,married men, the men who
have left wife and children and
who ask themseLves are they going
to see them again very soon? If
not, for how long a period; one
never knows, perhaps never.
The othere, the young men, go
with a proud step. There is defi-
ance in their eyes. As they ap-
proach the schoolhouse all heads
are raised listening. A rumor, a
sound which grows, grows—it Is—
yes,it is singing. .Almost one would
,Say it was the "Brabanconne," yea
and that was the "Mareeillaise"
coming from the courtyard of the
school. And in fact, at the end of
that courtyard are the • men who
have already been taken. It is they
who are singing the Belgian and
French anthem.
They are splendid. There is no
anguish here., They are over that,
full of bravado, a 'rude pride, of
masculine virility. There are no
complaints. When one among the
men sees a friend released he askts
him only to tell his family that he
has been sent away; and then he
starts te sing again passionately,
singtng his song of defiance.
The work of selecting those who
are fit for labor proceeds briskly,
and at nightfall a train .leaves the
station to which the victims had
been escorted.
UP TO HOLLAND.
Cam Keep Food by Not Aid-
ing the Hun.
Amsterdam, Cable.— In connection
with the reported stoitnIng by women of
a. dozen barges in the harbor of Rotter-
dam last Saturday, and the seizure of a
ton of potatoes destined for England,
the British Legation at The Hague has
issued a statement to the Dutch
newspapers, in which it is pointed out
that there is no obligation on the part of
Holland to send potatoes to England
as long as Mine are sent to Germany.
The statement adds that the existing con -
trace only stipulates that. exportations to
Clermany must be. preceded by the ex-
portation of 4, certain quantity to Great
Britain.
"It will thus seem," says the state-
ment, that the remedy for any defic-
iency in Holland rests entirely with the
Duteli earties interested. The whole
trouble has arisen from the anxiety of
the Mitch to supply Germany with p0-
ta tom "
••••••••••••••••• 41.*
WOODEN SHOES
FOR HUNS SOON
Stockholm, Cable.—Wooden shoes
Will be the, prevailing fashion in
Germany Goon. At the first executive
meeting of the newly organized War
Shoe Dietribution Corporation, pablic
authorities were tipped off that in N.
tura only 10 per cent, Of Gertriany's
shoe Could be ManufaCtured of leath-
er, and that the populace must aemie`i
tom itself to wooden shoes.
,An Increasingly painful pinch la
rubber ehortitge for military purImeee,
indicated by a new ordinance tonfle.
eating rubber etishione in billiard
table% Coat eltortage too is causing
much discuseion. The lateet ordinanee
requires all conmtmere Of more than
ten tone monthly formally to report
their requirentente to the Imperial
Com Bureal. There is apparently an
Inexhaustible supply of shortage,
_•
oernANo .aouAL SUFFRAGE,
London, Cable.—Iludapeat despatches
reported a great demonstration. in Buda.
fleet in a demand for uniVereal, equal and
secret suffrage.
Twenty-five theuaand persons matched
in procession through the principal
streets. There was Holrie rioting and
WIndOit's worn broken, and the police had
some diffirulty in diaperaing the -crewds,
Better be a poor Merman than Med-
dle with the governing of Inen.--Dane
ton.
•
OF MUNITION
PRODUCTION
British Commons Hears of
What Control Has Done
for Armies.
LOSS TO SUBS. SMALL
6.91 P. C. of Amount Ship-
ped Has Been Sunk
by U -Boats,
London Cable.—At the suggestion
of the United States •Government, ne-
gotiations are now in progress for fur-
ther consolidation of interests in Am_
erica, and England, Dr, Addison, Min-
ister of Munitions, said to -day,
The result of these negotiations, if
successful, will be of enormous value,
not only in enabling the American
Government to place its resources
more readily and effectively at the
disposal of the Allies, but in providing
economy in purchase, Dr. Addison
said these arrangements had been fa-
cilitated greatly by the work of the
Balfour mission in the United States,
The Munition Ministry, Dr, Addison
continued, had an interest in nearly
1,500,000 tons of shipments monthly.
The submarine campaign, ' bad as it
was, did not provide muck comfort
for the enemy when he knew. for ex-
ample, that of • the ehell components
shipped from North America the total
loss since the commencement of unre-
stricted• submarine warfare had been
5.91 per cent. of the amount shipped.
EMPLOYING MINERAL RESCUER,
CES.
Mr. Addison said that before the
war the production of spelter in thi
country was only one-third of the
national requirements, but that he
hoped the capacity would be doubled
before the end of the year. Part of
the plan involved the working of Aus-
tralian zinc concentrate, which form-
erly was under German control. Some
time ago steps were taken to obtain
control of the Wolfram ores of the
empire with a view to regulating the
stock of tungsten for production of
steel, and if the prices at Sheffield
were compared to those in New York
It would be found the country had
profited enormously by the enterprise.
Arrangements were in hand, the
Minister continued, which increased
the home production of aluminum bY
45 per cent., while a committee of
experts were considering development
of copper and other mineral resources
of the United Kingdom.
Mr. Addison was speaking in- the
House of Commons on the estimates
for the Ministry of Munitions. He
gave a striking account of, the work
of the department since it started, a
little more than two years ago.
Mr, Addison said that some con-
ception of the magnitude ef the pro -
(lotion or explosives might be formed
from the fact that in March, 1917, the
opacity for the production of high
explosives was more than four times
that of March, 1916, and 28 times
that of March, 1915.
COMPONENT OF NEW TYPE.
The Ministry had recently- reached
such a state of production with re -
spot to gun ammunition that it Was
able to divert certain national fac-
aories to assisting other sections of
the munitions programme. He men-
tioned the discoverw of a. component
of a new type, which possessed great
advantages of certain purposes. A
large supply of this bad been pro-
duced in a short time and was prov-
ing of the greatest value in facilitat-
ing the advance at the front and in
saving life.
The requirements regarding the ac-
cumulation of a great reserve of field
gun ammunition would be met in good
time, and, despite the enormous ex-
penditure in the first nine weeks of
the offensive, the stock of filled shells
had only fallen off seven per cent.
Field Marshal Haig has enthusiasti-
cally reported on the qualities of the
munition, whether it was Used for
wire -cutting, barrage or other" pur-
poses. The output of machine guns
and rifles was fully equal to the de-
mands, while for railway purposes,
tracks pulled up in England, Australia
and. Canada had been utilized. Can
ada had arranged to pull up 800 miles
of track and ship it complete when
wanted, More than 2,000 miles of
track had already been supplied in
complete condition, and nearly 1,000
locomotives) apart from hundreds sup
Plied by the railways.
SUPPLY OF STEEL.
The supplies of the new design
tanks were coming forward excellent-
ly, and, continued the Minister, 'the
end of the story is not yet, for Die
enthusiasm of Col. 2sern the inventor
of the tanks, and his colleagues knews
no limits."
With respect to Steel, the Minister
said that the output of steel in this
country for the war had been for
some time Stationary at a little over
seven million tons yearly. The out-
put was now ten million tons, and he
would be disappointed if the country
did not reach a twelve -million -ton
output by the end of next year. With-
in fourteen months the capacity for
the manufacture Of basic steel had he
Creased by thirty per cent. The de -
man& for steel were so many that
the control had been very close, and,
despite all the help from Canada and
tint United States, he could not offer
any imniediate prospect of relief, Not-
withstanding the cost of Material and
labor, the Government was obtaining
steel plates in this country at less
ehan half their cost in the United
States, while shell steel cost thirty per
cent, less.
Referring to salvage °potations at
the front. the 111inister saki it was
now possible to reform hundreds of
thousands of 18 -pounder cartridge
casee weekly at a cost of fourpenee
each, eompared with seven shillings
for new eases. Regarding trona
warfare he said:
ADVANTAGE IN SUPPLIES.
"While we eturted behind in the
race, we are probably now as superior
to the Germans in this eection of
warfare as we are in that of mail -
'cry,"
More lim' 1.500,000 steel helmets
had been moiled in tlte last ate
months, and whereas le DereMber the
tonnage required or trout wailer."
material wee 7.643 teen, in the last
els MOM; It wee 17,963 ton, The
work of the Ministry lied almoat
doubled within the last 12 months.
Tile aircraft supply alone at the be-
ginning of the year required an
additional teri thousand workers, and
that which applied tti the aircraft
alndied aloo to shipbuilding, WM-
making, Make, agricultural imple-
m0010 end other necessities of War.
The widespread employment of
women bad been attended; singularly,
with little difficulty. Wein 00 to 80
per cent. of the machine work on
shells, fuse and trench warfare sup-
plies was done by women,
Comparing the cost of ammunition
during the pant year with what the
same would have cost the previous
year, saicl Mr, Addison, the saving
was I:43,000.0K
44*
DUM33A'S PEACE PLAN
Without Annexations or In-
demnities.
Amsterdam Cable — Dr. Cosine
tine Dumba, the former Austrian AM -
bonder at Washington, in aut article
In the Vienna Nene Freie Presse.
vocates peace without annexations or
indemnities, "however disappointing
that formula may sound to the Chau-
vinists."
Dr, Dumba, gpeaking from the Aus-
tro-Hungarian standpoint, considers
that "if the Serbian danger can be
held in check by the permanent win-
ning of our turbulent neighbor, and
our own territories remain untouched,
we shall have every reaeon to wel-
come such a solution."
Dr. Dumba's ideas are, briefly:
Russia to restore the occupied Austro.
Hungarian territory, while she regains
the Russian territory occupied by Aus-
tro -Germans, The re-establishment of
Poland, Austria to make certaih "frOn-
tier rectifications, for reasons of
strategic safety" (for instance, she
ought 'to retain possession of Belgrade
and Mount Lovehen in Montenegro).
The Roumanian wheat crops musi
ber secured to the central powers by
treaty. Italy must evacuate Valona
(Avlona) and free navigation of the
Adriatic must be guaranteed. Austria
will assist Russia to obtain an un-
hampered exit from the Black Sea, and
Turkey -would not object to the real-
ficatiOn of the Caucasian frontier In
favor of Russia. Bulgaria should get
Dobrudja and the Bulgarian part of
Macedonia.
••••••-•-•111.
ZEPPELIN FALL
_TOOK 5 MINUTES
Three of L -48's Crew Were
Captured. .
Officer Leaped as Car
Reached Ground.
Lolidon Cable. The Daily- Chron-
icle publishes the following irom an
East Anglian town:
It is now permitted to disclose the
remarkable fact in eonnection with
the air raid of Sunday week in which
Zeppelin L-48 was destroyed that
three of her erew were captured alive.
One is understood to be the second in
command, He escaped apparently un-
injured by leaping from the gondola
just before it crashed to the ground.
The two others, both suffering from
broken legs and other injuries, were
rescued from the fia-ming wreckage in
the nick of time by the village con-
stable. The uninjured German was in.
the aet of walking away from the
wreck, heedless of the•shouts of his
disabled comrades, when he was cap-
tured by a petty officer of the navy.
How any of the crew survived is a
matter of amazement, They obviously
owe their `fate . to the length of time
taken: by the airship in falling. All
the evidence goes to prove the descent
was • a prolonged glide. The most
conservative estimate of the time tak-
en in the fall puts it at three min-
utes, but most accounts agree it was
nearer five.
"Just as I jumped a hedge of a
field and raced toward the burning
airship," a petty officer told me, "I
saw one of her crew' walking towards
me. He was a tall, clean-shaven man,
wearing a big fur -collared overcoat
and thick boots with leggings. He was
very pale and seemed terribly shaken.
I called to hint, and 'he came on at
once. He Could not speak English,
and as I assumed the military authorie
ties would prize any document which
could be found, I pulled a piece of
paper out of my pocket and made
signs to him that I wanted any papers
'he might have about him.
"I had no difficulty in making him
understand my questions'but the
German simply 'threw up his hands
and shook his head to say 'No.' I
then searched him to See if he had
any firearms or explosives about him,
but could find none, nor any papers.
I beckoned hint to follow me, and took
him to the nearest cottage, a few hun-
dred yards away, where a sergeant
and I kept him until a motor car Was
sent to take him away. Before I left
him, I asked him how many men
were on board the Zeppelin, and he
held out his hands with the thembs
and fingers outstretched twice. Which
I took to mean twenty."
THE MARK'S 'VALUE.
German Credit at Low Ebb
—Gold Decreases.
London Cable ---A despatch to The
Dalle Mail from The Hague, eane that
the exchange rate oh the Germnn
raark in Ifollartd. 'Tee yesterday to
33.36 .guilders. The correspondent re-
Nrs to the etatement of the Prankftir-
ter Zeitung saying there are ihdita.
tins that the neXt returns of the Im-
perial Bank of Gerinany will show it
considerable decrease in the deck of
god, and Gaye German credit elands at
a rallell lower ebb than the mark
rate appeal% te shoW. A renewal of
the German Treasury bolas, for ex-
ported food etuffs, has been agreed to
only upon extremely onerous tend!.
Mona.
Berlin, via Lamle% June 27, The
eitatement of the Imperial Bank et
Germany, !vetted lune 23, chows:
Total eoitt end bullion, decreaced,
67,065,000 inarke; gold, detrefteed, 70.-
470,000 marks. Total gold holdinge 2.
4613,883,000 marks.
If other people deal your thunder
We a good plan to teme bark at them
like lightning,
GERMANS TO ABANDON LENS
AND ENTIRE MINING BASIN
+Swept by Shells and Chok-
*4*-4-• e1÷.+41,
ed by Gasp Must Reform
Their Whole Line,
4 Mirages. and
Their Cause
+*4-44-4ee-e-e4-4-+4*++-f-he-.+49-.+4
More Vian one A.retic' explorer has
banal that thingei aro not what tney
seem, even J11 broad daylight. The
1.1440treulst retkpiolgeild bey" thCotnirrntanoifer ClIcPceitirtY:
alai later said to have been a mirage
by Ensign leitzhugh Green, if tho latter
Is correct, is only one of many trieke
whieh Meata of air heated to VarYIng
temperatures have played upon Arctic
ond Antarctic travels. A.. Operti,
was on the Peary expeditions of 1896
aild 189'7, has made a sketch in oils of
one sueh apparition, and it now rests
on a desk in the office of Dr. Chester
A. Reeds, assistant curator of the Ain-
eriean elueeurn of Natural History,
Mr. Operti has himself seen mirages
tnna Edgewater, N. J., across the Iftid-<
son. On foggy mornings, ehortiv after
the run had risen and was still invisible
because of the fog, he has seen reflec-
tions of the sun on the ice of the Hud-
son Paver below the bank of fog. Mar -
Mere In Arctic waters, he said to -day.
maUe use of this refraction when the
sell is invisible by resting the point of
the blade of a pocket knife on a thumb
nini sufficient rheelow being cast by
the knife to enable them to eetermine
the sun's position,
Dr. Reeds gave many instance:: of the
mirages arid apparitions which have
leen seen by Arctic explorers, many
of them recorded in the journals and ne
comas of early voyages of discovery.
AN EXTRAORDINARY APPARITION
One of tile early accounts is that oi
Capt. 'W. Scoresby, published in his
-Account of the Arctic Regions," In
1825. which is as follows:
"A most extraordinary appearance of
the foreland or Charles's Island Spitzber
gen, occurred on the 16th of July, 1.814.
While sailing to the southward along
tne coast, with an easterly *Ind, 1 ot,
tweed what appeared to be a mountain,
In the ecirin or a slender but elevated,
monument, was surprieed that I had nev-
e.r seen it before, but was more eaten
haled when I saw, not far distant, u
ocligious and perfect arch, thrown
across a valley ofabove a league in
breadth. The neighboring mountains dis
closed the cause, by exhibitihg an
un-
natural elevation, "-with the columnar
structure of looming objects. Present-
ly the scene was changed; the moun-
tains along the whole coast assumed the
most fantastic forms; the appearance of
castles with lofty spires, 'towers abd
battlements would in a few minutes be
converted into a vast arch or romantic
bridges. . . . The land was not alone
affected by this peculiar refraction, since
every object between the northeast and
southeast points of the compass was
more or less deflected by it. A. mass of
Ice on the horizon appeared of the height
of a cliff, and the prismatic structure
of its front suggested the Ideaof basaltic
ecsCha.imnirillsib." Plammarion also reports that
"very frequently Admiral Wrangell and
his companions believe they saw moun-
tains of a bluish color, whose shapes
were clearly defined and between which
ttey believed they nould discern valleys
and even rocks. But just as they were
congratulating themselves on having dis_
covered the long -sought land, the bluish
mass, carried away by the wind. extend-
ed on each side and finally embraced
the whole horizon."
"Under the name of mirage," said Dr.*
Reeds, "we designate those optical ap.
earitions caused by a peculiar state of
the density of the atmospheric strata.
In consequence of these variations dis-
tant objects appear either deformed.
transported to a certain distance, or
Inverted and reflected.
JUST WHAT HAPPENS.
"The phenomena occuts when the light
rays, through whose agency we see ob-
jects,are made to undergo it deviation
ceused by difference of density in tne
strata ca the air they pass through.
'When a luminious ray penetrates from a
less dense into a, mere dense medium, it
unciergoes a deviation' wilich bends it
nearer to the line perpendicular to the
boundaries of the two surfaces;and
when it passes from a more donee' to a
less dense medium, it suffers a devia-
tion bending' it Irene the penclictilate
"To °Warier discern a mirage a per-
son must not only possess long and very
accurate eyesight, but must also knew
how to observe details and be ac-
customed to the view. Yet he certain
regions the mirage Is so plaintly evi-
dent that it arrests the most inattentive
gaze—for example. In the Gulf of Mes-
e,na, on the sandy plains of Arabia and
Egypt, and the Groat Plains of the
United States.
"The same may be said of those un-
known islands which rise up in midocean
before* •i.he astonished navigator, and
which lead him astray toward imagin-
try lands. Swedish :milers- for it long
tilne went in search of a magic island
that seemed to rise between those of
Aland andarondiraofeg.lIpland; it turned out to be
'The superior mirage presents three
different aspects. Sometimes the re-
flection Is seen Inverted above the ob-
jects, and above the former, a second
reflection, erect as the object; some-
times the first reflection alone is seen,
:inverted above the objects, rind above the
former, a second reflection, erect as the
object; sometimes the first reflection
alone ls seen, the upper ono having dis-
appeared; and, thirdly, the upper reflec-
tion remains without any inverted re-
flection.
ee'Weltering made observations upon the
Sevenskii-Hogax, islands situated at the
entrance ot the harbor of Stockholm.
He says: 'Above each of the sand-
banks u black spot rises and eppeare in
the air; these spots' then become elongat-
ed downward, and filially reach the sand-
bank, which assumes the appearance
of a ccilumn nine or ten times higher
mart it really is. Ifenee there results
o mock horizon, to which all objects are
transported, eh thus appearing in n
straight line upon the same level, though
theli, absolute height differs consider-
ably.'
"Cranz saw in Greenland the shores of
the heokernen Islands. raised in the
shapes of high cliffs, ancient towers and
reined edifices. Brandes several times
witnessed the superior mirage. As n
rule, the reflections of objects were hot
seen veryedistinetly by him, for he adds
that the tipper or direct reflection was
generally wanting, and he attributes this
fact to the want of spherical shape in
the homogenous strata. He also remarke
that this is a local phenomenon, being
seeh often upon the holism in the east-
ern part of Damgast, an1 at the Same
time being invisible upon those in the
western part of the town."
AS SEEN IN PARIS.
One of the amazing apparitions, &a
-
scribed by Plammarion, was seen in
Peres in December of the year 1869. Be-
tween the hours of 3 to 4 in the niorning,
the Seine with its bridges and lights, a
large part of the eity with its streets
and towers, were delineated in an in-
verted state at a considerable heiglit
obove the horizon some of the images
reieg tinged with .coloie—N. le Evening
Post,
44,1*
VENIZELOS IS
GREEK PREMIER
•••••••••••......whir
Athens Cable — The new Greek
Ministry, headed by Eueltherios Veni-
.zeIos, took the oath at the palace to-
day and was acclaimed by an enthusi-
astic crowd on retuening to the Gov-
ernment building, evhere M. VeniZeloe
delivered a speech from a balcony,
warmly thanking the people for their
plaudits. Strong military precautions
had been taken to prevent possible
disorders, but they proved unneces-
sary, as the InalcOntents showing
thetuselves were in a MIMI' minority.
Wild Duelcs.
Canvaeback and redhead ducks,
which are very quiek of movement,
after deep diving are eepable of tak-
ing flight immediately upon doming
to the surface of the water. They do
not spring directly upward into the
eh', but fly at firstitt an angle until
they reach the desired elevation.
Surface feeding wild fowl, like the
blatk thick, pintail and teal, fly dir-
ectly upward from the eutface of the
water it the eillergefieY deniatule it.
ca-
ble to the 1 Paris, dated
e.14,,,,,P•••••,..priritoipaortii_Inn .A.
New York special l'hursday, follows;
`The correspondent of the Petit
Journal on the British front believes
that the Germans have decided to
evacuate Lens and the whole mining
basln kb saya:
"it IFI not unreasonable to think that
the invader, finally dominated lend
rudely shaken, is being fatally drawn
toward new rectifications of his sell-
outs, and economies on his front, to
eaiance the drain on his reserves.
Proofs of this are seen in the gradual
diminution of Ole enemy's artillery
tire, giving a clear Impression, of a
general withdrawal of the German
batteries, and In the admissions of the
Berlin communications that strategic
considerations have caused tbe high
command to readjust the lines behind
Lens.
"British aeroplanes have dropped
nearly four thousand bombs behind
the German lines within ten weeks
end have taken three hundred photo-
tgninnidreT
adaiulYden
Asq, the Journal's corres-
pondent, telegraphs:
"Lens is ;surrounded on three sides,
and its outskirts have been invaded
by strong British patrols. The town
Is swept by an infernal bombardment,
and shrouded in clouds of asphyxiat-
ing gas, which have overwhelmed the
enemy, who is quitting the town, leav-
ing his wrecked defences and shelters.
Wasted by shell fire, to slip away in
successive waves to fresh quarters in
the Drocourt-Queant line.
"The encirclement of Lens Was pre -
Pared by five weeks of intensive bom-
bardment, and was assured on Mon
day morning, when the British were
easily able to chase the enemy from
untenable positions on both banks of
the Souchez.German lies, stating
that the Briti.sh are suffering terrible
losses, are refuted by the fact that
this important success was obtained
with only two killed and a few
wounded."
4 *
SHORT ITEMS
OF THE NEWS
OF THE DAY
Austria and Bavaria Getting
Together at Expense
of Germany.
CANADIAN INNS V‘ C.
Elections for Russian Par-
liament Set for
Sept. 30.
imemom•••
One-armed veterans of the North To-
ronto Convalescent Home have formed
a baseball team.
Over a million dollars in taxes was
received at Toronto City Hall, a record
for a day's receipts.
By a .decision of the Toronto Parks
Committee anti -conscriptionists maY
hold a meeting in Queen's Park.
The entry of the U. S. into the war
makes it unnecessary to raise the Pro-
vincial lean of seventeen million dol-
lars.-
Lieut.-Col. Gorge W. 'Fowler, M. P.
for Kings and Albert, N. B., has been
appointed to the Senate,
G. W. Genong, ex -M. P., has been
a\Np,opoodin.ted Lieut. -Governor of New
• Brunswick, succeeding Hon. Josiah
The city of London is asking for the
appointment of a permanent board ot
insurance, with powers simnel- to
those of the Dominion iRallway Com-
mission.
The most successful sale of short-
horns in Canada in many years was
held at Elora, sixty-three head exclu-
sive of calves at foot being sold for
$49,150, the top price being $2,600.
Compton County carried •the Canada
Temperance Act by a majority expect-
ed, when the polls are all heard from,
to exceed 3,000, the largest yet for pro-
hibition in the eastern townships.
The body of O. M. Hennessey, sup-
erintendent of the pulpwood cutting of
the lebitibi PuIp & Paper Co., who had
found in the rapids below Couchiching
rbet:Inis.missing about eight days, was
Lieut. Robert Combe, of Winnipeg,
was awarded the Victoria Cross.
William Heaver, for nearly half a
century a resident of 'Woodstock, is
dead.
A maskinonge weighing 36 pounds,
was caught in the river opposite
Brockville by Meeers. E. Dwyer and
Garnet Higgins.
The London Times' fund for the
British ilted Cross and Order of $t.
John passed seven million pounds.
Dr. J. n..Hett, ex -mayor of Kitchen-
er, has been nominated bY the Inde-
nendent Labor party for the riding ot
North Waterloo.
Albert Strong, aged 62 years, a for-
mer munitions worker, was arrested
In Toronto on a 'charge of bigemy.
The Russian Provisional Govern-
ment has issued a decree fixing Sep-
tember 30th for the elections to the
tonetitnent assembly, October 13 has
been set for firet meeting of the as-
eeinbly.
Thirty-eight male pupils of the
Belleville High School, who have un-
dertaken thern Work in this vicinity
during the holiday season, were nre-
sented With farm service medals.
The Will of the late Hon. Thomas
Chase .Casgrain, Postmaster -General
of Canada, was presented for ancillary
probate in the Toronto Surrogate
Court by the Royal Priest Company.
the late Hon. T. C. Casgrain who died
in Montreal an Dee. 2911t lest, left an
estate valued at $170,1315.
William. Wall was tonna guilty by
Magistrate Weir, Kitehener, of the
charge of abduetion, and allowed to go
on suspended sentence. He took "a
girl Under SiXteeli years of age to To -
route about two Weeks ago,
.CONTINGENTS
FROM STATES
REACH FRANCE
Two First Sections of United
States Forces Lod
Amid Cheers,
ALL TRAINED MEN
Pick of Troops From Mexi-
can ,
Border, Etc.—Car-
ried Own Supplies.
. .
Washington Despatch—Tlae ad -
lance guard of the mighty army the
United, Statee le tpreparing to send
ngainet Gerneway le on French soil to-
night, In defiance of the German sub-
Marineft, thousands of seasoned regu-
lars and marine, trained fighting men
-with the tan of long service on the
Mexican border, or in Hayti or Santo
Domingo, pent on their Paco, beve
twee hastened overeeas to fight be-
eide the French, the Britieh, the Bel-
gian, the Russian, the Portuguese and
front,
eItalian trove on the weetern
nt.
New of tbe safe arrival of the
troops sent a new thrill throigh
Washington. No formal announce-
ment ceme from the War Depart-
atent. None will come, probably, until
Major-General ,Pershing's offieial re-
gportrreda,
Bhas been received, Them there
may be a statement aa to the num-
eera and composition of the advance
despatches from. Prance, pas-
eibly sent forward with ,the approval
tf General Perehing'e -staff, sihow that
Major Shobert, pee of the new major-
emeerale of the army, ho been given
comMand of the !Drat force sent
abroad, under Gen. Perching as com-
mander-in-chief of the . expedition.
CARRY THEIR OWN SUPPLIES.
The American forces will be a net
gain to the alliee, It will'throw no
'single burden of eapply or equipment
an them. The troops will be fed,
3lothed, armed and equipped by the
earno on French sail to -night are be -
:hem going for months, and more will
:nnoitNs.ed,States. Around them at the
'ng etorecl supplies that will keep
General Perehing and hisestaff have
been busy for days preparing for the
irrival of the men. Deopite the enor-
mote difficulties or unpreparednees
Ind eubmarine dangers that faced
.hem, the plane of the army general
itaff have gone through with clock-
ike precision.
The regiments that were to go with
General Pershing were all selected be -
:ore he 'left and Moving toward the
3eaCOaet from the border. Other regi-
nents also were moving north, ettit
sled .wetet to the poem; where they
were to be expanded, and the move -
mote of the trotted who were to be
'het were -obecured in all thio
ng of troop trains 'over the land.
ARMADA OF TRANSPORTS.
Great ehipments of war supplies
began to assemble at the embarka-
tion porta. Liners euddenly *were
.alcen "off their regular runs with no
announcemeat. A great armada was t
made ready, supplied. equipped as
n•aneports, loaded with men and guns
end- eent to sea, and all with virtually
to mention from the press.
The navy bears its full share in tho
achievement. From the time the
troopships left their docics and head-
ed toward sea, responsibility for the
.ives of their thousands or men rested
upon the officers and crewsof the
figh ting ships that moved beside them
ar swept free the sea lanes before
them, As they pushed through the
lays and nights toward the danger
zone where German submarines ley
'n wait, every precaution that trained
minds of the navy could devise was
aken. And the news from France be-
lay sinews that the plans were eve)1
aid,
The War Department has no en-
aouncement to make as to General
Pershing's disposition of his forces,
ereaumebly that has been left to him
'se decide in conference with the
French general staff and officials of
he British army,
The American troops will be an in-
lependep 0- force, co-operating with the
illies. t has been suggested that
the forces might be placed between
:he British and the French forees as
e connecting link, but the exigencies
tf the Wattled campalgas will govern
• hat question,
U. S. TROOPS DISEMBARK.
A French Seaport, June, 27.—The
ieeond contingent of American troops
arrived and disembarked this mottl-
ing, 'The troops landed amid the
frantic cheers of the people, wile had
eathered fOr hours before in an atitice
pation of duplicating yesterday's sur-
prise.
Enthusiasnt rose to fever pitch
when it was learned that the trans-
mrts and convoys had successfully
aimed the submarine zone. The port
was speedily befiagged in honor of
' .he occasion.
All the troops now arrived were
.ransferred to -day to a ealtp not far
listant from this point, where Major-
General William' L. Sibert is instal -
!ed. Thence they Probably will gle
some to aaaoint near the front. All the
.roops are in excellent shape.
Major-Generaly Pershing, the Ane
;1;i:commander, is expected tomer.
row, when,. additional troops are ex -
The harbor is dotted 'with convoys.
The streets are filled with soldiers
in khaki and with bluejackets. Great
aumbers of trucks are transporting
immense supplies to the camp in
which the.a_e•-troopsttre concentrating.
SERB. TRAITORS
PAID PENALTY
•••••.“...64.dmorilm.
iSaloniki Cable --Several Mete
none took plaee the outskirte et
Saloniki to -day. 1. Dimitrievith,
Major Vulovich, d an Atistro-Hine
gariati volunteer, lobabaeh, con-
cerned with man re in it cowl*.
aky of a, Serbi ret society to
overthrow the pre t regime of Ser-
bia and substitute an oligareltie form
of government, iv shot.
:Utley othere i Heated reeeived
long terms of Snap itsonment.
Don't hoard even fur pntrletistn.
Keep it in eireulati