HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Wingham Advance, 1917-02-08, Page 5iiiii7i-liTATES PREPARING
FO 4 EVENTUALITY OF WAR
Governors of Many States Wire Their Support
of President's Course.
Steps Zeing Taken Everywhere to Prevent
Pr6-Germans' Overt Acts.
Washington, Feb. 4.—At 3 o'clock 1. Ward King Alfonso of Spain, Curie
dor, Count von Bernstorff, several
Months ago expreelied the peroonal
opinion that not President Wilson, but
the King a Spain would be the man
to bring peace to the world,
The Entente Embassies, confident
that the United States cannot help
being forced into the conflict, are
discussing among themselves what
part the United States. would take in
the war,
Congress, stirred with patriotic
fervor, is making ready to stand !sal
Lund the President in whatever ne
may do to uphold the honor and dig-
nity of the country. The only diesel:it-
ing not comes from a small pacifist
group which several months ago
supported . the movement to warn
A.mericans off armed Flips. The
President is confident that .his action
approved by Congrese and the
eQuiltree
In a talk with President Wilson
late to -day about 'revenee necessary
in case of trout le with Germany,
Chairman Simmons, of the Senate Fl-
uent:a CoMmittee, discussed the' rais-
ing of sufficient mouey by Congress in
the event that hostilities with Ger.
many began. The .suro, was not fixed
upon, but Senator Simmons recalled
that -at the outbreak Of the Spanish-
-American War a bond issue of $600,-
0110,000 was immediately authorized.
Be. 'felt certain Congress would act
promptly when necessary. .
:Strong offers of support, wore re-
iteeved by President Wilson to -day
.from the Governors of 'South Dakota,
Oregon, Arizona Utah, Montalline
North Dakota, Idaho, Connecticut,
Virginia, Michigan, New Jersey and
Wyoming and from the Legislatures
abrump Hen thee erme n s been •
warned that an o -net act means war. of South Dakota, Arizona, North Da-
kota and Idaho. •
AWAIT GERMANY'S NEXT MOVE.
It is not impossible that the present
s)tuation Va.; Continue severe:. oe.ye
•beiore there aro any evineemae of
wuetner teeriainly intends to taut lear
cameaign of rutnlessness before ere--
• sident wilson's final gen:lane for re
Sect to e Ameficau rights or whether
tine will tollow out her Plan oga tette
• the censequences.
PrOvisioas made .in the net•,* sub-
emerine order for the safety of this
et sea at the time it was promulgeted
may , postpone the over act tyhich
• would be an act of war. • '
Onethe other hand, it may comet at
nnehenoment by the ruthless oat, or
even Mistake, of some enbmarine
poandstee..,.
;With 'relations severed and the.
• 'country preparing to -meet the next
ste.p as it comes, officials - are reflect-
ing now upon the situatton as it
effects the cause -ot peace and the
situation of the belligerents them-
e
selves.; -
et .seeras to be accepted that the
action of the. United States win tend
to hold the Entente allies faster to-
•• gether than 'ever before and deter'
talk of a separate peace. •It ;seems to
Saturday afternoon President Wilson, ously enough, the Gernlan Ainbactsa-
at a joint session of Congress deliv-
ered a speech M which lee announced
that diplomatic relations had b.een
broken Off With Germany, that Am-
bassador Yoe Bernstorff had been
handed his passports by the United.
State, and that Ambassador teerarti
had bean instructed to moose the
German Clovertunent to return hie
passports, • •
Although thirty hours base elansede
alto situation remains unchanged, no
overt act inevine been committed by
Germany necessitatiug a declaration
of war by the United States, , . .
Still hopeful that Germany Will not
• ruthlessly sacrifice Amerioau lives or
rights, the Administration•is awaiting
developments, but leaving nothing
undone to prepare the country for
the evettuality of war.
• The situation as to Austria Is to -
•night unchanged. There is ne doubt,
however, that diplomatic relations Will
be broken with ber when she 'an-
nounces her intention to adhere 10
Germany'a course.
. Steps to • protect . Aaneritan -cities
,and property again at attack by fore
Mgt sympathizers are day and night
going forward actively, although.
silently. Preparations to prevent the
disabling .of German war -pound ships
In American ports are being taken,
'but they are unannounced. The (Mese
tion of convoying American ships on
, their voyages to the submarine zone
still is undecided, although :he first
inapressitin is to let Americen shins
proceed in a initial lawful view on the
The State Department has telegraph-
ed the Governors et' the States
asking them to proteet the Consulates
et the Centran powers in their states.
'Identical telegrams ordering imme-
diate preparations for active war re-
lief work *were despatched to -day by
the Americ , Red Cross headquarters
here to 266 chapters threhigheut the
country, First aid (easel); are to be
organized and other preparations be-
gun on. a broad scale.
To combat German sempathizers in
this country, whose depredations are
forecast, it le believed, by a number
of petty acts reported within the last
24 hours, Congress has set co work be
frame new laws covering coaspiracies,
and 'other Government forces are tak-
ing secret nation to shadow. suspected
„persona.:
• National Guardsmen may be used
extensively to guard Manufacturing
plants; bridges and *public buildings,
,is it said. •
• Movements of naval vessels, publish-
• ed. *daily until yesterday now are not
divulged, and orders have been issued
by the war and navy departments to
bar visitors from all military reserva-
tions and eavy yards where damage
might be clone or secret information
• bo accepted, too, that the rupture
'definitely remove; the United States Issuance of paesports for travel to
tie the world's peace-maltoreand from 1 Germany has been suspended by the
• the German point of view brings for- State Department.
•
ilson's Address
To U.aS. Congress
t Washington, Feb. 4.—The President
.epoko as /ellen% in hii,speech before
C-ongreeetSaturday: .
"Gentlemen of the Congrees;
"The Imperial GOVerntnent of Ger-
mauy, on Jan. 3L, anneuneed to tele
Government and to the- Uovernments
of the. other iletitra,1 natione that on
and after Feb, lt the present monih,
it would adopt a policy with regard
to tlie use Submarineagainst ali
hipping seeking to palls through cer-
tain designated areas of the high sease
to which it is clearly my duty to tall
your attention, : • .
."Let me remind the ..Congress that
on April 4 last, in view of theeinletvg
on Mar& 24 Of the croeinChannel
.passengee steamer Sussex by a. Ger-
Ivan submarine witbout suminone or
earning and the consequent los ...
the lives of several citizens or 1110
tnited States, who werenpitseengere
aboard her, tlits Government fid'dresati&
a note to the Imperial Gerniah •ttlov-
eminent, in which" it manethe follow-,
eng declaration: •'• • ..
WARNING OF LAST APteele .
nett it still is the -purpose of tne,
Imperial GOVerxlMent .to DrodOeitie re
lentleos and indiscriminate -weifare
against vessels of commeree-bY the
Ilse of ettbrnarines without regard. 'to
what' the Government of theeeetnited •
States must eonsider thoteete'red, :end
indisputable rulen of eaternettionat la*
end. the universally recogaized diet -
Dees of humanity; tlee'Oevernnient of.
the 'United Stateiris atelapt forced to
the eoneluelon thatthere.is but One
course it can pursue, Uttleei the Im-
perial Governmeet should new Milne.
iticeoly declare and effeet. an abaft
dortment of its preeent methods • of
stibmarine Warfare against* nem:Inger
and freight-carrving4vesaele, the Gov-
teninent of the United .Statee can have,
no cboice but to trever diplomatic rola
" lions with. the. Germat Empire alto
gethere
"Ie rep`y to nee de:Ilex:Vine Ant
Imperial Government.gave ibis eeoy
eminent the following alrittrt1,100: •
"'The German Governtneet 's pre.
eared to do He utinoet to contine • be
eperatione of wee for • the- re It, •11 f
duration to On f1Rhtiu force' ofethe
leitligerente. thereby alee..iteetirine; the
freenorn of the mete, a prittcfple neon,
'Welt the Gerrnan Government he
• 1 -eves now, te befelle to b.t ht Artie-
r:tree seem the teetreiefertent of the
tnited Statee. eieemen' (loeletet-
tent, guided 1W thik Mee; notlflie the
(*overtime -It of elliVelied Sfetee eliet
ike Osman nevel,foreeilleve reeftivel
the . following orders: In -accordanee
with the general principles, of visit
and search and destruction of mer-
chant vessel, recognized by interna-
tional law, such veeeels, both within
and without the area declared a naval
war zone, shall not b3 sunk without
warning, and without saving Iranian
lives,. unless these ships attempt to
escape or offer resIstanee.
present weee, the German Ambasea-
dor Itemise to tite Secretary -of
Staten along with e formai note,
memoranduni which contained tne fele
lowing etateutent:
"Tlie Imperial Government, there-
fore, does. not doubt that the Govern-
ment of the 'United States will under-
stand the Situation time Nivea mum
Germany bY the Entente Attlee' btettal
methods of wet', and bY their deter-
mination to eestroy tne Centre' Pow-
ers, and that the Government of the
United States will fattier realize that
the now openly-diselosed intention- et
tile Entente Allies gives back to Ger-
mauy the freedord of action evnich she
reserved in her note atidressed to the
Government of the United States on
May 4, len. ,Under these circum-
etancee, Germany will meet the illegal
measures of her enemies hy forcibly
Preventing after February 1, 1917, in a
Zone around Great Britain, 'Prance,
Italy, and in the Eastern Mediterran-
ean, all navigation, that of neutrals
Included, from and to England, and
from and to' France, etc. MI f$hips met
Within the zone will be sunk.'
NO ALTERNATIVE,
"I think that you will agree with
me that, in view of this declaration,
which suddenly, and without prior in-
timation of any kind, deliberately
withdraws the solemn assurance given
in the Imperial Government's note of
the 4th of May, 1916, this Government
has no alternative consistent with the
dignity and honor of the United States
but to take the course which in its
note of the 18th of April, 1916, it an-
nounced that it would take in the
event that the German Goirernment did
not declare and effect an abandonment
of the methods of submarine warfare
estahich it was then employing, and to
'which it now Purposes egain to re -
rt.
"I have, therefore, directed the Se-
cretary of State to.announcine to his
Excellency the *Gernien Ambassadar
.that ell diplomatic relations between
the United States and the German Em-
pire are severed, and that the Araeri-
can Ambassador at Berlin will im-
mediately be withdrawn; an», in ac-
cordance with thas decision, to hand to
his ,Excellency his paeeperts,
"Notwithstandi. t this unexpected
action - of the German Government,
this sudden and deeply deplorable
renundation of ' the assurances given
this Government 'at one of the most
critical moments of tension in the
relations of the two Governments, I
refuee to believe that it is the inten-
tion of the German authorities to do
In fact what they have wanted us
they will feel at liberty to do.
WILL AWAIT OVERT ACT.
"I =met bring myself to believe
that they will indeed pay no regard
to the ancient friendshie between
their people and our own or to the
• solemn obligations which have been
exchanged between them and destroy
American ships and take the lives of
American citizens in the wilful prose-
cution of the ruthlese naval pro•
gramme they have announced their
intention to adopt. Only actual overt
acts on their part can make me believe
it even now.
"If this inveterate confidence
on my part in the sobriety and pru-
dent foresight of their purpose should
unhappily prove unfounded; I?
American ships and American lives
should in fact be sacrificed by their
naval commanders in- heedtess con-
travention of the just and reesonable
understandings of international law
and the obvious dictates of humanity,
I shall take • the liberty of coming
again..before the. Congress that aut-
• hority be given me to use any means
that may be necessary for the protec-
tion of our seamen and our people in
the prosecution of their peaceful and
legitimateerrands off the nigh seas;
I can do nothing less. I take it for
granted .that all neutral Gevernments
will take the same, course.
FRIENDS Ola -GERMAN PEOPLE.
"We do not Cesire any hostile con-
flict with the Imperial Gnemoit Gov-
ernment. We are the sincere friends
of the German people and earnestly
desire to remain at. peace with the
Government which speaks for them.
We shall not believe that they are
hostile to us unlese and until we are
obliged to 1 elieve it; and we purpose
nothing more than the reasonable de-
fence of the undoubted rights of our
people. We wish to serve no selfisa
ends. We senk -merely to eteencl true
alike in thought and in action to the
Immemorial principles of our people,
which I hey° sought to express in my
address to tae Senate only two weeks
ago—eek merely to • vindicate our
right to. libertyand justice and an
unmolestee life.., These are the bases
of peace, not war. God -rant that
we may not be challenged to defend
fhem by acts of wilful injustice on the
part ot the Government of Germany."
• THREAT TO NEUTRALS. .
"Bete it added, 'neutrals cannot
axpect that Germany, .forced to fight
for her existence, ahall, for the sake
'of neutral intefest, restrict the use of
an effective weapen if her eneidi is
permitted to continue to apple at will
methods of warfare violating the rules
of international laW. Such. demand
would be lacompatible with the char-
acter of neutrality, and the German
eloverntnent is convinced that the
Government of the United States does
-not think of making Such a demand,
kneWing that the Goverrunent of the
United States -has repeatedly declared
that isetietermined to restore the
printiple of. the freedom of the seas,
from- Whatever -quarter it has been
itiolatecte
' FREEDOM GE SEAS.
, •
e
', To this -the Government of the
Un-
.ttt1. States replied on May 8, aceepte
-the assurance given, but _adding:
"The Government of the United States
feels it•neeefelary to state that it takes
It for geeeted that the Imperial Ger-
man Government does not interid to
-imply that 'the- maintentinee of Ste
newly -announced policy ite in anY WILY
eontengertt Upon the course or result
of- diplomatic . negotiations between
the Goverhment of the United States
and any other belligerent Government,
'notwithstanding the fact that certain
patieagei le the Imperiel Government's
note releht appear to be suseeptible of
that constrnetion. In order, however,
to avoid any misunderstanding, the
-Government Of thellnited States note -
Lies the Inmerial Government that it
eaneet for a moment entertain, ninth
lese disellss, a suggestion that respect'
by German naval oeithoritiee for the
rights of tire • citizens of the 'United
States Upon- the higit eette should in
any way or in the slightest degree be
made contingent upon the eenduct of
any G0vernyetent3 affecting the rights
.0f neutrals end •tion-combataitts. Ile-
egtmeelbility in such inattere.is Singlet
not joiet; absolute, not relative.
- Tien LAST STRAW.
•' "to thle note of Mey 8 the Itriperitil
Geeman GoVerittnene made no reply.
On einuary 21, the Wednesday of tbe
-
NEW YORK 18
UNDER GUARD
HEAVY GAINS
ALONS ACRE
BY HAIG'S MEN
Push Forward 500 Yards On
a Front of Three -Fourths
of a Mile.
OTHER GOOD RAIDS
French Also Had Best of
Several Small Fights
With Enemy.
London, Feb. 4.—British forces
have carried out several successful
raids on the Ancre front during the
Past 24 hour% The most important
'enterpriee resulted in the pushing for-
ward of the line Some 600 yard a on a
front of about three-quarters ot a
mile east of Beaucourt. Over a, tnun-
drea prieonere and. three machine
guns were captured. During the day
two hostile counter-attacks were re-
puleed with heavy losses to the 'enemY
while the Britian casualties were
Might,
The report from British headquar-
tare in France Sunday night reads:
"On the Somme front an enemy
attack last evening in the neighbor-
hood of Rancourt was repuleed by.
our fire. ,Our pesitions were entirely
ntaintalned. We advanced our lines
slightly west of Le Transit**.
"We •carried out a successful op-
eration last night north of the Ancre,
aa a result of whigh our line east of
Beaucourt has been pushed forward
some 600 yarde on a front of about
three-quarters of a mile; over a hun-
dred prisoners and three machine guns
were captured. During the day two
hpstile counter-attacks were repulsed
with heavy losees to the enemy; our
casualties were slight,
"The enemy blew a mine yester-
day west of Vime. Little damage wee
done. •Wo entered trenehee during
the night:southeast of Souchez and
took 21 prisonere and a machine
gun. Another machine guneand an en-
emy shaft were destroyed and several
dugouts •containing Germans were
bombed. •
, "This afternoon we operated an-
other raid in the same neighborhood,
capturing a few prisoners and a ma-
chine gun and destroying another
mine shaft and eeveral dugouts. •
"There was considerable wafflers
activity on both sides during the daY
north of the Somme and in • ' the
neighborhood of Beaumont Hamel."
Saturday night's report read:
"Iiostile raiding parties were driven
off during the night east of Bouch-
avert:le...and in the neighborhood of
Arras. The enemy suffered .consider
able losses from our artillery fire
while retiring.
"North of tbe Ahcre our positions
on Beaumont -Hamel ridge have been
further improved. We entered the
enemy'slines early this morning.south
of Armentieres and setured a few
prisoners. The enemy blew A me
last taight east Of Ypres, doing insig-
aificant damage. We have °coupled
the Crater:
"Successful bombardments were
carried out by us to -day north bf the
Somme and in the neighborhood of
Beaucourn, Arra e• and Armentieres.
Elsewhere •the usual artillery activity
continues on both sides.
"A number of fights took place in
the air yeeterday. Two German aero-
planee were destroyed; two others
were driven clown damaged. Three
of our machicee are miseing."
FRENCH, REPORTS. •
Taking No Ohinces -With
Pro-Gernian Treachery.
Important' Points Watched
—Naticknal Guard Called.
• Paris, Feb. 4 -The communica-
tion issued by the War Office Sun-
day night reads:
"A surprise attack on the enemy
trenches in the region of Moulin-
Sous-Toutvent resulted in the cap-
ture by us of ten prieoners. At Lea
Eparges an enemy attempt' to oc-
cupy a crater failed.
"Our artillery carried out effec-
tive firesagainst German works at
varkins points along the front, not-
ably.in the sector of Hill 304."
Belgian tommunicatiOn: "Nothing
to report."
Sunda.y afternoon's report
"Between the Oise and the Aisne we
Made' a succeseful ourprise at-
tack on German trenches in the region
of Traaey le Val, and took 22 prison-
ers.
"On the Verdun front there were in-
termittent artillery engagements in
the sectors of Dead Man Hill ane
Hardaumont work.
"Our aviators threw a number of
projectiles on barraeis and railroads
at Apilly and Tergnier. One of our
squadrons bombarded military esta.b-
lishmente at Thionville."
Saturday night's report lead:
• "There was an intermittent can-
nenade to -day at various pants along
the front. Patrol encountera occurred
in the region of Bezonvaux; we made
prisoners,
"Two • aeroplanes were brought
down within our lines by our special
gum, one in the direction of ()niched
(Aisne), the other near Blanc Sab-
ions, in the itagion of Beatiriettx.
New 'York, Feb, 4a-Detachnients of the
New York, naval Militia triuipped as in-
tantrymen to-uay lattoilect ana guaruea
the- live great I:4st itiver bridges con-
necting kannattan-witn Long Island. At
sunset five' naval militia tugs, one an
ocesn-going vessel, began steaming up
and down the river in proximity to the
structures, 'warning all river tofu not
to approach within fifty feet of thi.
bridge piers. •
Special vigilance was e/tereised at the
Ntailliattantrooklyn • and Williamsburg
bridges, between Which the .NeW
navy aiard lies. Destruction of one of
these Driugesit was. pointed out, woUle
interfere seriously with The uoparture
of warships front the navy yards.
To oath bride details of 100 railltianien
were assigned.; working' 111 threo reliefs,
with lastructions to Search vehicles and
'maestri:mai 'crossing the bridges in the
aiscretion of tho sentries and to per-
mit no person to halt on the structures.
A sharp watch Was kept at the cable
anchorage and "other points where the
discharge of it small quantity of high
cePlosives Might load to the destruction
,of the bridge." One three pounder gun
and machine guns -were posted between
the bridge piers on both sides of the
river. Anchoragee, foot -ways and drive.
uays had extra, Illuminations. to -night.
11011 (late bridge a.nd. tts connecting
railways were being guarded to -night -by
naval militia, Tills structure la consider.-
eutle otnootmotfryt.he best engineering feats in
(loverner Whitman's order for the gen-
eral idobiligittiOn of the National Guard'
went into effect to -day in modified
form, he explained' in n statement here
• to -night., Oily small detachments of the
Slate% military and nava forces were
venially •calied• out, the (Inventor said.
'while every armory in the State.was
pa-
- by n, corporal's Andrei. -in field
. unload,. YmtilY to nut into „tperatiOrt
the oral. for a..full mobilization.
&mad§ of tellers front the 'Milted
States- battles:hip. New • elereey, armee
With rine% guarded the•appeetteliee and
iroatIon of the recently eompleted New
t Jersey. armed With rifles, guarded tho
eren•otteliee and trestlee of the latently
tempi:keel* New York eonneeting yeliwaya
Inzalsorattng iteigrd. the Worn( With AA.
fancy ot the wdr, it is an, ex-
raugement incorporated 1,4 all of the
lateen submersibles for •freeing sub-
eurrace Witted mines, while hidden
in the eovering water. The new
nem has a serious; range of pos-
sibilities for deetruetion, It can be
used to 'Charge with hidden ininee
whatever waters come nethin the
cruising radius of the new inilmeare
Ines, It cen be need, to (env ininee in
suepecting and helpless In the Rae U • President instructs His Envoys To Bring
the path ef au intended victim, 0
WILSON URGES NEUTRALS
TO BREAK WITH GERMANY
the new attack.
Germany, in plenning her startling
blockinle, determined to draw more
than el Submarine ring around the
eotWil of Britain, The blockade was
to be the promise of the leaders to.
the, people of a quick Teutonic peace,
and it was to be made failure -proof.
It Was, of course, impoeeible to pro-
ceed in the old way to place these
mine& Britain's control of the up-
per .gbaS amend her coat remains un -
contacted.: and, with small, swift mem-
bers nf her mosquito fleet continually
doing scouting duty far and wide
around her, a mine -layer would have
had aut short shrift to work upon its
task. So the submarines were equipped
for the purpose of laying intim, thee
aequIring a new kind of sting and an
important one.
Hundreds of thousands of Mese
mines were turned out in Germany
and. eatored away. They will make
their' appearance in the second line
of blockade, strung in a menacing ault
before the important harbor. They
will, also, probably be used by the
submarines in attacks upOn dumb*
convoyed fleets of merchant shipping
for the submarine that chances to
°rose the petit of such a convoy can
etrew death behind it without ex -
Posies itself in manoeuvres for 'tor-
pedo satEtacckz.
R
T SUPPLY BASES.
There have been a number. of Ge-
er:alone since the beginning of • the
submarine war when the British have
anxiously searched the ,out-of-the-waY
nooks and crannies of their coast for
the discovery of submarine bases. The
great importance attaching to these
*bases was the fear that the enemy
was receiving native supplies of fuel
• and oil from treacherous hands. The
advantage that such a base would of-
fer ies a place for the submarines to
replenish their stores was of leeser
Importance, considering the wide
cruising radius of the present-day
submersible and the -fact that its
crew needs frequent periode of, relief
fromthe
w
e grilling nervous atrain ot
HOwever, thea foreign supply bases
exist, and they are not concealed in
the wilder places along the British and
Irish coats. They are so well conceal-
ed that it is hardly poesible that the
seekers will even blunder upon them.
The submarkie supply -stations are an-
chored in convenient, rocky wastes of
elle ocean floor. There are no tell-
tale traces to bear evidence against
them. Moreover, they are so arranged
that one not in their secret runs a
etrong risk through improper handling
of becoming a victim of the high-
powered explosives that guard them.
The ,submarine in need of etores seeks
one, of these undersea supply depots,
raises it to the surface, replenishes
it inaterlais and sinks and anchors
the depot again.
TAKE PLACE OF EMDEN.
HUNS USING
MINRAYING
_ SUBMARINES
Said to Be Germany'Great
Hope 111 the New
. Undersea War,
SECRET BASES
' I venture to give just a plain piece
of gossip, The subject wee commerce
raiders. Mr. Roth, our Vice -Consul at
Plauen, watt the silent 'partner of a,
leigQtettleiewee debate,. in which the othe
er member was one of the prominent
men a hin district.
• "Great things are brewing," his
friend ' told him. "There has bean
another German eurprise prepared
'for -the-world. Our Government will
soon septa out one of our super -
submarines to take up the work of
the Emden, disguised as a surfaee
ship. She will be equipped with col-
lapsible mastie and a stowable super-
etructure."
"Of couree," Mr. Roth commented
In telling me the story, "his story was
gossip. To my objections that it
seemed to me a bit of supereogatorY
geniality he told me that' it was for
the purpose of alarming the British
fleet, of occupying a nutithereof Its
units with a vain .pursult, ant ale° to
corivince neutrale that Germany hat(
not lost ter freedom to come and go
upon the surface et the seas."
But, as dangeradet es their work has
been in the past, the submarine sail.
or must know that it will be far more
dangerous with the campaign fairly
declared. England's preparations,
whatever they are, have undoubtedly
been thorough. The duel was announc-
ed mot than two years ego; and it leas
been growing More. eerious, more cere
tain and more definite ever since.
Under the Sea Around 33ri-
tain—Bitt Defenders
Have .Been Busy.
New York, Feb, Tribune to-
day pubilehee another topyrighted
story by Louie Derant Edwards, In
which he Gays:
There is a new weapon in the
arsenal of terror, It is More dreadful
in some reepects than any other hate-
•
RELIEF SHIP
IS TORPEDOED
Probable First Victim of the
New Campaign.
•
Not Many More Than Usual.
List.
London Cable. --The second day of
the new German submarine warfare
apparently has not resulted in any M.
creased sinking of shipping. Des-
patches from London announce the
sending to the bottom ot five veseels,
including one or neutral registry, and
a report of the sinking of another, •
The ,Spanish steamer Algorta, of
2,116 gross tons, was the largest
steanter sunk, the othersheing of less
than LON tons, includieg two traw.
Ws, The Norwegian steamer Recta
Is believed to have been sunk. The
Belgian trawler Marcelle was sunk
by gun -fire.
Official information received con-
tenting the sinking of the steamer
Euphrates thOWS that the probable
first victim ef the new submarine me,
Hoy -of the Ceritral Powers, was a
Belgian relief ship.
The Euphrates had earned a eargo
of relief supplies from the United
About tine•Up Against Huns.
Hopes to Compel the Kaiser to Abandon His
Plan of Undersea War.
London, Feb, 4,—Iteuter's•
dam correspondent says that, wleile
Berlin Is preservine ailence in regard
to the rupture at relations between
dummy and the United States, the
(3em= Government has issued the
following statement:
"It is etated that negotiations are
afoot between the authorities interest-
ed concerning how Germany, by re-
moving Certain transport difficulties,
can take into account tlie requirements
of some neutral States in relation. to
ezsential raw materials, especially
eeal and iron,"
• Washington, Feb. 4.—Besides break-
ing off diplomatic relations with Ger-
many, President Wilson has made a
bold stroke to range the moral force
of all other neutral countries along
with that °of the United States in the
interest of peace.
The President bas suggested to all
the other neutrals that they break
oil diplomatic relations with Ger-
many as the United States has done,
and haet instructed all American dip-
lomats in thoae countries to report
immediately how the suggestion is
received. The opinion in diplomatic
quarters here is that European neu-
trals, at the very doorstep et Ger-
many, threatened by her military
power, will hesitate to take such a
step, The effect of the suggestion in
other countries is being eagerly
awaited. Thie was the only known
development of first importance
which came out of a day cf tense
waiting which followed the actual
announcement yesterday of the break
with Genitally. •
The •Presidents invitation to neu.
hale to follow his action was con-
tained in instruceions to American
diplomats to announce the break
with Germany to the Governments to
which they are accredited. It was
contained in the following note;
• "You will immediately notify the
Government to which you are ac-
credited that the United States be-
cause of the German Governmentes,
recent announcement of its intention
to, renew unrestricted submarine
warfare, has no choice but to follow
the course laid down in its note of
April 18, 1916 (the Sussex rote).
"It has, therefore, recalled the
American Ambassador to Berlin and
ha.s delivered passports to the Ger-
man Ambassador to the United
States.
"Say, also, that the President is re-
luctant to believe Germany actually
will carry out her.threateasablekalinn.
tral commerce, but if it be done the
President will ask Congress to au-
thorize use ef the national power to
protect American citizens engaged in
their peaeeful and lawful errands on
the .8000,
"The course taken is in the Presi-
dent's view entirely in conformity
with the principles enunciated in his
address to the Senate Jan. 12. The
address proposing a world league for
peace.)
hIle believes it will 'make for the
peace of the world if other neutral
powers can find it possible to take
similar acticei.
"Report fulty and immediately on
• the reception of this announcement
and upon the suggestion as to similar
action." . .
.Thus it becomes apparent that in
the•shedow of war the President has
not abandoned his efforts for peace,
and as the first step has, moyed to
direct the moral force of the neutral
world to compel Gerinan.yea return -to
an observance of ialernational law at
sea.
Should it eventuate that sill other
neutrals accepted the President's sug-
geetion that they sever diplomatic re.
lations with Germany, the choice of
a peace mediator would have to come
'from the Vatican,
IMPRESSION IN HOLLAND.
States, and was.itomenard bound in
ballast, when she was torrpedoed, Se-
veral Mutinies of the ereW have been
rescued and have reached an outlying
port. The Euphrates *ea sunk on
February le
The sinking af the following ships
has also bees announced: The British
steamers lessonite and Itevetesburnd;
th S anish stettiner Algerta the lebie
Amsterdam, Jan. 4.—Ru,pture of re-
lations beeween the United States and
Germany created a profound impres-
,siefi in Holland, where it is the one
subject of discussion. Anxiety con-
cerning Holland's -future is more in-
tense than at any tirae since the put -
break of the war.
Several Motors eentribute to the
gravity of the situation. In the first
place, Holland is now facing starve-
tioa. She never produced more food
than sufficed to feed the population
four and a half months of the year.
.Existing stoke of grain are only suf-
ficient for a feel weeks. Until yes-
terday hopes were entertained that
she would be able to provision het
self ..frem America via the Channel
between the two .blockade zones.
The Germans made a great show of
ma.king concessions to Holland but it
is pointed out that the latest eiterman
assuraimes leave much to be tresired.
Tho Germans say a relative certainty
will eXist from February 4, to an ab-
solute eortitinty March 6, that their
.warships wilt not atteck neutral ships
without search. The Dutch declacticin
as to the relative security of which
the Germans . speak is likely to be
rather small as apparently all the
Gentian war vessels new at sea did
notreceive new instructions before
March 6, even If the seeurite is coin-
plete it would seem Anierica must
cease to be a, source or supply if as
now appears inevitable the United
Stateehters the war beeatise in that
case the German objection the Dutch
trading in British ports would pre -
suitably apply to American ports,
It
Is learned on eecellent authority
that the Geriimns lime given Holland
to nederstand they tire ahintated by
;friendly feelings and do not wish to
cauee, her unneceseary ineeneerilence.
liversone mast form his OV11
coflcht-
alofia respecting tee value of the
German assurances. The Dutell are
moet anxious to. nelleve these assur-
ances end will rejoice if they rind
them, Well -heeded. They do net seo.
what the, Germans hope togain by
attaelting Holland, where the footi
supplies are se small that they would
riot repay an atttt0k.. Certainly the
wegian steamers Itecla, Portia and
,Ierv, the Ituesitut steamer Egret,
The British trawler Violet and the
Belgian trawler Mareelie neVe beet
sunk,
e.eetleeeeset-6.--aea
nothing undone to preserve peaee con-
Shitently with the maintenance of na-
tional houor. They will carry the
policy of conellation further than US
posable
At the eame time it is impossinle to
Ignore the eleraents of danger *which
exist. Tne Duiten are uneasy regard.
Ing the persistent rumors of German
troop e concentrating on the eastern
frontier. If mistakes on the sea occur,
and if Dutch grain allies are sunk: it
Will be impoesible to foresee the con-
sequences. Dutch opinion, however
long suffering, is not without limits,
SWITZERLAND AGHAST,
Berne, Switzerland, Jan, It is
not too much to say that the Swiss
Government and. people alike are
aghast at the new German menace
and consider it a measure of des*
peration. Great irritation has already
been caused, first by Germany's bad
faith and failure to fulfill her en-
gagements to deliver the specified
amount of fuel monthly; secondlY,
the deliberately insulting way which
she chose to put the closing of the
fret:Were to imports. The irritation
has now deepened with almost be-
wildered anger though no pritise is
too high.
SOUTH AMERICAN NATIONS.
London, Feb, 4.—Reuter's cones -
pendent at Rio Janeiro says that in-
formation obtained from a trust.
•woethy source confirms the opinion
that the Brazilian Government is con-
vinced the time has come to abandon
the attitude of an Impartial spectator,
and line up with the allies, if the
measures indicated in the Gorman
note"should inflict direct harm on vit-
al interests of Brazil. The Govern-
nierwie of the opinion, he says, that if
the United States enters the conflict
the only logical course for South Am-
erican nations will be to attempt to
establish general ,uniformity. of contin-
ental Policy.
A protest to Germany is mild to
have been drafted at a meeting last
night between President Braz and
Foreign Minister Muller,
SCANDINAVIAN COUNTRIES
London, Feb, 4.—The Exchange
Telegraph's Copenhagen correspon-
dents says he understands negotia-
tions are in progress between the
Danish, Swedieh and Norwegian Gov
ernments concerning. the submarine
situation.
SPAIN HAS REPLY READY.
Madrid, Feb. 4. The Impareial
says It understands that a reply by.
the Spanish Government to the Ger-
_man lade ,regarding unreetrleted.sub-
marine warfare will be 'made public
to -morrow, and that if will be in the
form of a strong pretest. The cone
tention of Spain is understood by this
newspaper to be that the torpedoing
of neutral steamships in the manner
threatened is not authorized by inter-
national law.
"Spain cannot paralyze her national
life by acceding to the position of
Germany," says the Impareial. "Any
answer other than a refusal would
imply not only acceptance of the Ger..
man doctrine, but also our consent to
the interruption of the nation's life."
.tro Olean Atcel knives nee a torobid- Butele, veto itirinounted many diffe
ton. ,
02 bate 1)04 and baiting Itede cell0110 -durieg the war, will leave
HOUSATONIC
TORPEDOED
But U -Boat Acted Under
International Law
And No Trouble Over the
• Case is Likely.
ENEMY SHIPS
TIED UP IN
U. S. HARBORS
Crews of Auxiliary Cruisers
Haire Been Interned by
Authorities.
MANY SHIPS TAKEN
German Gunboat Geier, In-
terned at Honolulu,
Fired by Crew.
New 'York, Feb. 4—Officers and
crews of the 25 GerMan Bleat:Wilco
which have been self -detained here
since tlie outbreak of the European
war wero ordered late to -day to re-
main an board tileir vessels. At the
same time the guard of Customs offi-
cials about the piers virtually was
doubled, while police were on hand
to keep visitors at a distance from
the approaches to the docks,
Reports that the Government au-
thorities contemplated seizing the
German ships, the total tonnage of
which is 261,000, were denied to-
night by Dudley Field Malone, col-
lector of the port, as "absolutely
dfaaletieonu,n, d without the slighteet foun-
Collector Malone asserted that the
officers and crews of the German ves-
sels had not been ordered "forcibly
detained," but that they were "sim-
ply requested" to remain on their
ships.
Shortly before the doubling of the
guards on the steamship piers, a re-
port wee circulated to the effect that
the crews of the German vessels tied
up at Hoboken had put the engines
of the ships out of commission. A (sai-
lor front the Kaiser Wilhelm 11, was
said to have aeserted, as 1.e and others
abandoned the vessel before the de-
tention order was announced, that the
engines of his own and other ships
had been damaged beyond repair. No
confirmation of this report could be
obtained, however, from the United
States officials.
It was learned to -night that the
guards on the piers had received
strict orders not to permit any of the
men connected with the ships to leave
them.
Washington, Feb. 4.—The United
eltates steamer the Housatonic was
sunk by a German Submarine off the
eenly Islands on Saturday while ea
route from ualveston to Louden: Tne
crew has been laiided at Penzance.
A aespaten. from Londoe says that
when hailed by the euumanne the
Housatonic was flying the American
flag and lied the American colors
Painted on her side. The crew was
given an hour in which to love% the
ship, the submarine commander say-
ing: "I have orders to sing every vese
set coming to England."
The Germans searched the Housa-•
tonio and took a• quantity of soap,
which they said was difficult to ob-
tain. The second mate of the Housa-
tonic Was seeond mate of the Ameri-
can steamer Gulflight when that ves-
sel Was sunk by a German submarine
off the Scilly Island s early in the war.
As the Housatonic was carrying
contraband, any controversy over her
destruction is expected to prevent no
more serious an issue than laim
for monetary damages. If the Con-
eults report is correct, the case eppar-
ontly falls into the same category as
that of the American ship Wm. P.
Frye, destroyed With it cargo of grain
early in the war by a raider after her
crew lied been taken all,
In some quexters the nnusual pre -
Cautions taken to ensure a safe land-
ing for tho crew was taken to mean
that international law and Germany's
submarine pledges would be obeerved
more scrupulously than ever in the
Muse of the litany vessels which were
on the high sees at the time the new
=ledge), o2 unrestricted warfare
became effeetive on Feb, 1. In her
note ennouncing the eaumaign, Ger-
Many field immunity from the new
Inelnaires of warfare would he extend-
ed to all ettipe which had loft their
home ports before the effective date,
Minns (speaking of one. Who bite
Just paesed)---He certaialy luta a
squelched appearence. Stili bet—Nti
lender. Iris wife won't let him ex -
prose his mind at home, mid his boss
won't lot him eeprese it at the effice.
Mingem—Whers hiteinees7 Sil-
SHIPS SEIZED 7A.T PANAMA.
Penama, Feb. 4.—Four *Hamburg.
Ataerican Line steamships, which
have been in Cristobal harbor, were
seized this afternoon by the canal zone
authorities. Night harbor traffic at
'Cristobal has been stopped. and strict
Protective measures have been taken
throughout the canal zone.
Following the seizure of the Ger-
man merchantmen, Lieut. -Col. Hard-
ing, Governor of the canal zone, In-
creased the guardstat important points
along the canal. • All measures for the
protection of the 'canal were at once
gotten under way..
W.ATCH ON HAMPTON ROADS,
. Norfolk, • 'a., Feb. 4,—A coastguard
cutter and the battleship Arkansas,
besides a squadron of artillerymen,
are doing neutrality duty in Hampton
Roads.
The Collector of Customs has or-
dered a close watch to be kept on the
German steamer Arcadia and the
Austrian steamer Budapest, tied up
here since the beginning of the war.
Other artillerymen were guarding the
German prize ship Appane seized yes-
terday by Federal authorities. Lieut.
Hansberg, who brought the Appam
into port, with his crew of 27 men,
were under guard of Immigration offi-
cers.
SIX SHIPS AT BOSTON.
Boston, Feb. 4.—The crews of fie
German steamers and one Austrian
at this port were ordered confined to
their vessels- on orders received by
local Customs officials front the Treas.
ury Department at Washington to -day.
United States Marshal Mitchell to-
day ordered a thorough examination
of the North -German Lloyd Liner
Kronz Prinz Eosin Cecilie, whose ma-
ehinery was found to have been slight-
ly damaged after' the vessel's eelzuve
last evening in acivil proteeding. Mar -
ghat Mitchell said that the boiler and
several valves had been tampered with
and the electric lighting system put
out of commission. Temporary re-
pairs were made to -day.
CREWS AT PHILADELPHIA IN-
TERNED.
'Philadelphia, Feb. 4.—Upon instruc-
tions from Washington, W. H. Berry,
collector of the port, to -night ordered
the of -ricers and crews of the German
liners Prinz Oskar and Rhaetia and
the Austrian 'merchantman Franconia
confined to their vessels. The guard
about the ships was materially in-
creased after the order became effec-
tive, -The three trews aggregate about
'fifty men.
CREW SET GUNBOAT AFIRE.
• Honolulu, T,. Feb. 4.—The In-
terned German gunboat Geier is burn-
ing in the harbor here. She was set
on fire by her crew, according to the
local authorities:
The Geier, 01 1,604 tons, was intern-
ed here shortly after the war began.
She was built at Willielmshave in
3894.
GERMANS DISABLING SHIPS.
• Waslaington, Feb. 4.—War-bound
German crewe at Philippine porta
have attempted to disable some of
their ships, and appropriate stews
have been taken by the Island author-
ities.-
CRUISERS TAKEN OVER.
Philadelphia, Feb. 4.—The Philadel-
phia, navy yard virtually was en .o.
war footing to -day, while extraordin-
are. precautionary measures were
taken to guard the port's shipping,
munition planta and the arsenals. The
usual guard was on duty at the mint.
Tho 750 officers and men ventoved
from the German auxiliary cruieers
lermi Prinz Wilhelm and Prinz Eitel
Ieriedrieh by orders of the Nall' ne-
partment were quartered in abuildlug
in the isolation section of the yard. A
strong guard of inarinee was plated
over them with. Inetructione to allow
no one to leave the building, At the
tune time titited States marines 'were
stationed on board the German eras -
ere, which, it was reported, 'were
found in enact romiltion. The navy
yard was closed to all vieltors and it
was annonneed to -day that a. police
ef striet examination and identitica-
tion for all workmen employed there
litette-eile'sa inewepaper editor. Life. will be. put into effect Monday.