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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Wingham Advance, 1916-12-14, Page 7EORGE'S CABINET; COUNCIL OF FIVE MEN d Milner, Earl Curzon, Bonar trthur Henderson to Direct amt..4-...••••••.••••••••• Radical Programme Said to Have Been Planned by the New Leader. T. deo, Dee. 10.-Offieial announce - ado to•aight that the new been constituted, et„ comprising the Lloyd George. nt of the Council --Earl ick will also be Government leader in the House of Lords. Arthur Henderson, Miuister Pertfolio. • Lord Milner, elinIstor without port - Andrew Boner Law Chancellor of the Exchequer, who lias been asked by the Premier to ect as leader in the House of Commons, and also as mem- ber of the War Cabinel, without being exPeeted to attend regularly, The other membere o alio Ministry ebo are not in the War Carbinet, are: Lord High Chancellor -Sir Robert Dannatyne Finlay. Secretary of State for the Home De- partment -Sir George Cave. Secretary of State for Foreign Af- fairs -Arthur J. Balfour. Secretary of State for the Colonies -Walter Hume Long. Secretary of State for War -The Earl of Derby. Secret ry of State for India -Austen Chime ain. • Pres t of the Local Government Bear ron Rhondda. Pr t of the Board of Trade- . er Albert Stanley. . Minister of Labor-Johu Hodge. • , -enVirst. Lord of the Admiralty -Sir .k Edward Carson.. e • •1111ntster of Munitions -Dr. Christie .pher Addison. Minister. of Blockade --Lord Robert 43er.11. azood. Contro1ler-13aron Davenport. Shipping Controller -Sir Joseph Paton Maclay. President of the. Board of Agricul- eure-Rowlaticl E. Prothero. • Preeldent ot the Board of Education -Herbert A. L. Fisher. ' First Commissioner of 'Werke -Sir /*Orme M. Mond. Chancellor of the Duchy of Lan- • caster -Sir Frederick Cawley. Postmaster -General -Albert Ming. • worth. L. Minister of Pension- -George N. Barnes. • Attorney -General -Sir Frederick E. Solicitor -General -Gordon Ilewert, LC. SP egar,*• gor,:pc otland -Mr. Munro. rd Advocetenneettmee - Clyde, K. G. Sielicitor-General for Scotland- iTros. Alm -loon, K. C, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland-13aron Wimborne. " Chief Secretary for Ireland-enenry E. Duke.. . Lord, Chancellor for Ireland - this J. O'Brien, K. 0. Sir Robert Bannatyne, Finley, in opting the offiee of Lord High ellor, stipulated that bis right leeneiten be waived. London, Dee. 10. -The official list n.3f the new Ministry issued to -night / :follows the unofficial forecasts with • two or three minor changes. Mr. Lloyd George, Lord Milner, Earl Curzon, Andrew Boner Law and -Ar- thur Henderson form' r'hat is offic- ially termed the War Cabinet. while the others, who ordinarily have been -designated. as Cabinet Ministers, are called heads of departments. An important ,point in this novel organization is that it concentrates far more power in the hands of the Prime Minister than the British sys- tem hes ever known before. Mr. Lloyd George's proposals to Premier Asquith -were for a War Council, of which the Premier should not be a . member, although he should have the power a passing on its work. Mr. : Lloyd George has not hesitated to • plates himself in a position more close- ly resembling a dictatorship than he was willing to give his predecessor. The War Cabinet will hold daily sessions ,directing the prosecution of the war, and the freedom of Mr. LloYd George, Lerd Milner and Mr. Henderson from departmental duties will allow them to devote all their - time to the War Connell. The -work of the Exchequer and the Government leadership in the Houlie of Commons will absorb most of Mr. Boner Law's time, and attendance on the House of Lords Will necessitate Earl Curzon's absence .from. the council frequently, Se that Mr. -Lloyd George, Lord Milner and err. Henderson will be the chief directors of the war. A CABINET OF FOUR. For practical purpcses the Govern- ment will be by a Cabinet of four. Whether there is any plan for meet- ing of all the heads et depart - Mute Of 'Cabinet rank is not yet known yet, but .the councils in which the lefinisteret of Foreigoe Affairs, War he Admiralty participate with the ot etetiee directly con- cern Wet measures will be eertain. ,A. meeting of the Privy Council will be held to-inorroW for the swearing in. a the Ministers. The Primo Min - later will make a speech In the House of Commons Tuesday, in which he will declare the policy of the new Government, and a bill will be intro - dated enabling the members to take their seats without going through the formality of a new election, which the law emends when a member acceets teie . on under the Crown. Tit e 'complexion of the now Gov- ernment is 12 Liberals, 15 UrtiOnists, three Laborite is and the Presidents of the Beanie of Trade and Edneatien slid the shipping eentroller, Who Mote been atteched to no parties. The most important new oflcial5 aro the food and shipping controllers. n Devoeport has been manager Of f London, a post requiring -rate busteteee ebilite, and. Sir .1w/wren Maelay is ono of the great $e ()MO. ,chip -owners, Baron Ithond- ea, abo lei a toal minIng magnate at larea government board; by Sir Albert Stanley at the Board of Trade by Sir Alfred Mond, a manufacturer, v.s Commissioner of Works, and ale° by Sir Frederick Cawley and Albert 111ingworth. There has been a strong demand for live, experienced men to direct agriculture and education, This has been met by the selection of Row- land E. Prothero, who is manager of the Duke of Bedford's enormous es- tates. and ofHerbert A. L. Fisher, who has had a brilliant record as head of the Sheffield University, as a pro- gressive educator. Sir Robert Pinlay's renunela,tion of the pension attached to the office of Lord High Chancellor, will be a popu- lar stroke. The Lord Chancellor draws £10,000 in office and a pension of 25,000 after Ins retirement. There has been much discussion over the cost of this largely ornamental office recently. Three retired chancellors are drawing pensions, and. Lord Buck. master will make the fourth, having seen two years' service. T. le O'Connor gives notice of a motion in the House of Commons for the formation of a series of commis- Stons in Parlament, on the French model, for co-operation with the Min- isters in conducting the war. TO CONTROL LIQUOR TRADE, The measures of the new Govern. mont for the control of food supplies will be preceded by one for the con- trol of the liquor trade, according to well-informed sourees. • Absolute pro- hibition of the consumption of spirits except medicinally, and restrictioni on the beer trade are expected. The whole resources Of the spirit trade, it IF, believed, will be put under State control eally in the new year and the accumulated stocks diverted to otner purposes than drink. The distil- lation of whiskey and gin will be pro- hibited. LLOYD GEORGE'S WAR PRO: GRAMME. laird Northeliffe's organ, the Week- ly Dispatch, saes that Premier Leoyd George'e war programme eompriees the following,: Firstly -The arming of merchant- men in order to fight the submarine " rii. Secondly -The preparation for the Spring offensive. Thirdly -The mobilization of the civilian population hetween the ages of sixteen and sixty. Fourthly -The making effective of the blockade. Fifthly -The rationing of the pope - ion by the issuing of food tickets. bixtlbr—The iacreasing of the home food, production. Seventhly -The banning of work immeterial to the war. Eighthly -Enforcing of the prohi tion of luxuries. Ninthly -The instituting of m less days. ALL PRACTICAL MEN. • it - Ce the lees well known men in the new Cabinet, the majority at them seemingly are Well qualified from practical experience for their respec- tive poste. The New Lord High Chancellor,' Sir Robert Bannatyne Finlay, has twice before held positions in the Government, having been • Solicitor - General and Attorney -General. He le a Unionist member of _elearliament. Sir George Cave ia.7. well known lawyer and Unit:meet .eeembee ef Par- liament for the'. eelaneton. divieion of Surrey. • .• Baron Rhondda. „before hie eine, ticia to th& realm -of nobleman in De- cember, 1915, was David A. Thomas, head of theaCembrian coal combhia- lion and wale known as the "Britieli coal king." He sat twice in Parlia- ment es a Liberal member. He was one ebf the eurvieces of the eteamer Lucitania when she was sunk in 1915. Later he was sent &crone the Atlantic to represeat the Munitions Depart- ment of the British Government in the United States and Canada. On hie return to England he was created a berm by King George, Crew Missing. Sir Albert Stanley is general man- ager of the uaderground railway sys- tem of London. He was edueated Iri American technieal sehoole and for number of years was the managee cif the street railways in Detroit and of the 'melte service railway% in New Jereey, John Hodge is a labor M. P. He is secretary of the Steel Smelting Amal- gamated Association. Dr. Chrtetopher Addieon ie qualified for his new positico, having held the poet cf Parliamentary Secretary of Munitione. He h a doctor of medi- cine and has written extensively on anatomy. CHAIRMAN OF AUTHORITY. Baron Devenport ia chairman or Pert Authority of London and has also held the peat et Paleia,mentary. Secretary to the Board of Trade. Ile is Well known an a oporteman, his re- creatione beteg shooting, boating and Yachting. in the handle of Sir Joseph Paton Meclay the pcet of ehipping Control- ler is 111 experienced betide, Sir Jos- eph being a ehip•ownet. The Cabinet in Rowland Edmund Prather° lete a practical man as Prieldent of the Board of Agriculture, lie having studied and written exten- alvely on farming.. He nae been a member of the Royal Commission on Home Produetion of Food since 1915. Herbert A. L. Fisher, President of the Beard of Edueation, is a Well- known edueator. Ile luta been tete- c1iance:1er of Sheffield University elrice 1912, and Is a fellew in several Brake eolleges. Mr. Fisher its 1009 de- livered the Lowell Instituto lectures in IlcArAlfredton.M. Mond, First Conimis- Wailer of Works, is a Liberal metaber of Parliament. He is managing direc- tor of several large firms, notably the Mond Power and IIoating Gas Ce..and the Power Gat Corporation, Ltd, Sir Frederick CaWlee is Liberal member of Parliament from LtInea- shire. Albert Illingworth is a partner itt Sons, lanntlerS. Ile Peso le a Libertet the eirlet et Daitiel Illingwerth f4 iRoumA ..lber Parliaineut trent Lanod- Shire. An Other La,beie Mereber a the Gm' the Dia;eltfriare division ot Glaagosv. DRIVE TEUTONS TO WEST, eerartlent le Oteerge N. Dernee• :re He hag! etleotee MOIL thile to the pre- r . =talon of ole ago pollee= and better allowanees to BOMien and gainer% He le on the GovernMent% eonleaittee for eoldtere' anti, eallors' pensions and allowane% Gordoe Hewart, the Solicitor -Gen. Oral, le a Well-known. barrister. lie lends the Liberal seat in Partial:Lunt for Leieeeter. Lliteviise, the Lore, Advocate, Jatuee A. Clyde, le a lawYer. He has been deau of the 'namely of A.dvocatee since 1916. He la a Liberal Unionist, While Russia's Advance on the Moldavian representing Edinburgh west in Per- liament. - pest of Solleitor-General for Scotland, Thornae B. Morrison retains the Frontier Continues. which he lees held since 1913. Tile Right Hon. Henry le. Duke has been chairman ot the Royal Commie- sion on Defence of the Realm Losses slew() 1915. He is tee Unionist member of Parliament for Exeter, Sir Ignatius J. O'Brien is retained as Lord Claa,ncellor of Ireland, post he has held since 1913. He i$ a well- known Irish lawyer, LABOR 'WITH LLOYD -GEORGE, Long Retirement is Ended, and Defenders Are on Much Shorter Line, James Henry Thomas, M. P., for Derby, and the railwaymen's leader, addressing the men to -day, described Premier A.squith's fall as a national disaster. lie said it was brought about by press dictatorship, which would bring down David Lloyd George, unlees taken in hand. "What should be -labor's attitude sn this great crisis?' he asked. "We must never lose -sight of the fact that we have reached-astage in the world - war when peace would be a triumph Lor German militarism. The paienat position is such that labor will win or lose the war. . "As we desire a speedy and success- ful conelusion to the war we ouget to Support the Government." ENEMY DRIVE IN ROUMANIA ENDED Russian Experts, Believe Huns Will Halt Force. Fall of Wallachia the Aim of tb.e Teutons. Petrograd, Dec. 10. -The latest re- rorts say that the Roumanians are devoting increased energy to the task of delaying by rearguard actions the rapid advance of the enemy forces over tho flat country, $vhieli provides few opportunities for a successful de- fence. The idea of defending the line of the Jalomitza River, about 0 miles east of Bucharest, apparently has teen abandoned on account of tho unex- pectedly rapid development of Gen. von Falkenhayn's operations north and east of Bucharest, which has made this lino untenable. Most of the Russian military experts censider that with the fall of Wal- lachia the aim of the Germans has been accomplished, and that there is no possibility of their following up their, success by an advance into Moldavia, where not only aro the dif- ficulties of terrain considerably greater, but the Roumanians can be reinforced by Russian troops capable of making a strong defence. At any rate, the menace to Russia from this quarter, although an obvious possi- bility, is still too 'ago to cause real .apprehension. Col. Sb.unisky, military critic of the Bourse Gazette, comment- ing on the advantage gained by the central powers M the tremendeusly shortened front, says it is- extremely unlikely that this advantage will be risked in new explorations, especially at a time of the year unfavorable for the development of a new campaign. SUNK TRYING TO RAM A SUB. Fate of the Caledonia Ex- , pained by Berlin. The Britannia Sunk, 15 -o London, Dec. 10. -The ,British • stertnler Britannia has been sunk by London, Dec. 1.0.-Tbe Roaraan. ians 'who lia,ve been retreating north - mot ot Bucharest before the Teu- tonic advance have made a stand to tile east of Ploechti, Use Petrograd War Office announced to -day. Tbey assumed the offensive ou the road from Ploeehti to Buzeu and drove the Austro -German force. back tq the westward. By making their atand here the Roumanian line Imo been greatly shortened and the defenders placed in a mum better position, nearer to the Russian bases, on the trank railway coming down along the 'Sereth •from Czernowitz, • THE BUZEN LINE. Rising in the southeastern corner of Traneylvenia, the Buzen River breaks through the Carpathians at the 13edza, pass and flows southeaet to Partagele, the railway terminue. The road follow e the southern bank of the river, passing Burzeu, where it connects with the Sereth line, and Faurei, and, turning northeast, con- tinues to Braila. The river leaves the railroad at Faurei and empties into the Sereth, wItich enters the Danube between Galata and Braila. At the same time the -Roumanians are extricating themselves from dis- aster the Russians. aro pounding away at tho northeastern gates of Transylvania, between leirlibaba, and Dorm Watra and are holding all the Carpathian passes on the Moldavian frontier. According to to -day's Petro- grad despaach, the Russian advance is continuing in the river valleys, de- spite strong resista.ace. The official statement reads: ' "In the Putna valley and north of Duna Watra fighting continues. Our detachments during their advance, encountered strong enemy resistance. We are continuing to advance in the Troths, Salty and Cheboniaha valleys. "On the Roumanian front the Roumanians assumed the offensive along the Buzett-Ploechti road and drove back the enemy to a position behind the Grikevul River." Saturday's report raid: "To the weet and south of Patna Valley, where the enemy was dislodged from two heights, we captured 50 prison- ers, including ten officers, and six machine guns, one cannon and two a submarine. The captain was made prisoner. Twenty-three _survivors of the crew have arrived at Lisbon, while fifteen are missing. The Britan- nia, was a steamer of 1,814 tons. • The British steamers Ilarlington, 1,000 tons gross,. and Marlyn, 3,4e9 tons gross, have been damaged. 'the Norwegian steamers Modti•a and leant have bon tarpedoed, but their crews were saved, •rne epanisn steamer Bravo, or 1,214 tons gross, has been torpedoed. The crew was landed, A despatch from Berlin states the British steamer Caledonia was sunk by'a, German submarine on December 4th, after elle had tried to ram the undersea boat, it was offielaIlyan- aouneed to -day, Her captain was taken prisoner. The official statement reads: "The British passenger 'ship Cale- denta attempted on December 4th to ram a German submarnie, The sub- marine, which was slightly da.inaged, fired a torpedo which sank the steam- er, The doramander of the steamer, Captain lelaikle, was made pilsener." An anhouncomeht made at Lloyd's on December 8th, stated that the An- chor Line steamer Caledonia was be- lieved to have been sunk. The Cale - (Mehl, which was of .e,223 tons gross arict 500 feet long, had been for MIA time in the service ,of the British GeV- ernment. She was built lir Glasgow in. 1904, - bomb mortars. Five versts south- west of the village of Sultaenly, by repeated attacks, ahe enemy obliged us to abandon the height wnich we occupied yesterday. On both banks et the River Tchedenieh our advance continuo." When the now lines are formed from the Bodza Pass to Braila and the Black Sea by way of the Danube the Roumanians aro likely to give a good account of theraselveo. Meanwhile tee Roumanians • in Eastern. Wallachia are fighting rear- guard actions for the purpose of cov- ering the retreat and saving stores, guns and ammunition. The announcement in the German official report that the Bulgars have effected a new crossing of the Danube between Tchernavoda and Silistria means that Mackensen is making a last effort to destroy the main Rou- manian army, Which escaped Ms pincers. Tlais move by the Bulgar- ians may proye a menace to the Roumanians retreating eastward from the Bucharest region as re- ported by Berlin. This is the crossin,g of the Danube between Silistria. and Tchernavoda, soetheast and east of Bucharest. If it was made in large force seemingly an impediment may be placed in the way of the retire- ment of tho Roumanians, and pos- sibly some of them may be caught between the Austro -Germans moving east and the Bulgarians driving north across their line of retreat. Semi-official advices from Berlin say that the Roumanians have lost approximately 112,000 men made prisoner since Roumania% entry into the War, and suffered casualties esti- mated at about 300,000. RUSSIANS TAKE HEIGHT. A new crossing of the Danube be- tween Tchernavoda and Silistria., by the Bulgarians, is announced in to- day's German army headquarters statement regarding operations on the Roumanian front, whiele also records a continued advance by the Teutonic armies in East "Wallachia. On the Moldavian 'frontier of Roumania Russian_ troops captured a height south of the Trotus Valley, but were repulsed in attacks ebtween Kirlibaba and Dorna, Watra, accordirig to Ber- lin, TRENCH RAMS ON THE SOMME ARE 1111E THING British Carry Them On Con- tinually Ail Through the Night. TRIUMPH' F'OR LADIES, itIngsten„Dec, the Alma Mater *.Seclety elettions at Queen's UnlVersity -on stiturdity,. Miss ,,..Lottitr • Whitton, of irenfreW, and MiSS„.tiVa, •(100S, stem were elected -M. the exeeutive. This ell tile first Cumin; tho history of the .A(.0.1p,ty that lailiesehteveebeen given of - 'flee Teeettueation of ettnal wiretien- tatitni was threetied ontebefero tho var. lona etuderit .bodiee „during the pot *weele, • -* '•"•-• •v6 • AL* • W.+. GiVii GOOD RESULTS Shells. Alone Are the Thing in the Daytime War- fare. With the British Armies in France, Dee. 10. -The present phase of the fighting along the Britifsh front may be classed as' essentially impersonal by day, but intensely personal, ne; Lk) say, intimate, by night. During the short hours of this Vay winter daylight big guns back of the fighting lines hurl tons hign ex-. inceives a,gainee the Gei 11rein tions. The targets aro fa* far away; and on thick, misty days e results of this contmuous, harass g fire lee conjectured rather tha on. 'rids is the impereonen side or ight, how- ever, all is changed. With the coming men meet, face to hand, and. mortal eombae come ape• in the midst of all the n machinery and gen- his f war. rarir ,pg, dark nights are ideal aids, and they are etilluTiEers. dout the* British in great nmt YIELD S TISFACTORY RESULTS. Few e 'hese ralds ever gain the distinct on of mentem in the offielel ecimmunications, but in the aggre- gate they represent a. nocturnal of- fensive which yield e Most eatisfying military reralta, Not only is there a cumulative effect upon the German casualty lint, but many priseners are ttaailriend. d 'useful information ob- Styles in trench -raiding change froni title to time, Just new the Popular Method seems to he to bom- bard a given section of a, trench and then set up a barrage or certain of chelle behind avnteh the welding Party ercseee that perilous strip of Men -plowed' groand known SA "No Man's Land." 'The raiders dash into the tretch, clear it of ha defenders in any eay tho exigencies require, and then dash home again for Shel- ter from the inevitable retailatorY eheillfire frail the Gernlane, Many raiders cones in . dragging hapleea prientiene behind thetn, It is One of the etronge ree-thelogiees of this. strange war that, "while grim death reelecd zwiftly atul surely into the Gerthean trenehes With the raidere, these eatne Englieh Tommlea or Canadians or Australians, a few ntifiliteS later, MaY be nharleg their hot midnight rations svith the veva' Men who, by geed forterie or quick deciaten, cacaped this fury et their deadly ortedaueit. Later these !iris. mime are peaserl back beliintl the !into to join theirbrethren. trete. . other raide. CANADIAN FASHION. There wee a time when the Cana- dians carried out ralds in true Indian feel:don. Small parties wOuld creep make - like over 'No Man's Land," cut- their way through the barbed wire en- tanglements and lie in wait just be- hind the parapets of the trenchee where they could hear all that was eaid and all that was going on within. Often it would take two or three hours to get acroee "No Man's Land." There have been many instances, where, after work of this character, hot cocoa has been sent out to raiders leeng.under the German parapets to warm them and refresh them for the attack. On raids of this sort men are al- lowed to choose their own weapons. Few take revolvers and none rifles. Rather terrifying trench knives have been invented for the work, but ham- mers prove the handy and popular weapon. There are often cases where raiders reach over, grab some half - asleep • German by the back of the neck, haul him out and hustle him to the home line without disturbing the peace ot the stilly night The - ur- ed men have been tact tied to utter an outcry until Means had been taken to prevent them from doing SO. light Of Ronline day. The allaal vigil hag made the soldier* "elettelgi and there ia the mettle of Mee all aloo4 tihe line. There are speetraa in the dawn and firing rifles seem to give the men a sem) of relief and protection. RUNS STARVING. Socialist Deputy On Condi. • tion of the Masses. Amsterdam, Dee. 10. -In the course or a discuseion In the Prusaian Diet on the cale.stion 01 an increase in the salaries sat minor offieiale, the Social - 1st Deputy Stroebel, accerding to the Vorwaerts, attacked those who were receleing great war Profits, while the mass of the people were etarving. The Deputy quoted the 00.5Q of min- or railway offielals who were not on- ly on short incomes, but Were suffer- ing from hunger, their income not be- ing eufficient to buy their allotted amount of food. The speaker con-. eluded; "lAre long for and bope for any peace Mediation In the interest of the official State workers whose suffer- ings are increasing tho longer the war lasts." ENEMY DRIVE TO NUR Believed to Be Next Move of • the Teutons, With Peace Proposals If Successful. ULTIM London, Dec. 9. -Whether Macken - sen will follow up his victories by pur- suit of the Roumanians to the Buzeti- Braila line and endeavor to begin a drive into Russia toward Kiehineff or Odessa is extremely doubtful. The Odessa idea is so emote as to be al- most chimerical. It ie much more likely that his efforts will be directed toward Macedonia, in the south, where King Constantine is only too ready to do all he can to aid the Central pow- ers openly, as he has been doing se- cretly for months. A vigorous effort to retake Monastir and drive the allied forces under Gen. Barran into the sea is likely to be ,Gormany's next move, according to Prof: Albert F. Pollard, of London University, whose war writings and lectures attraeted much attention here. In the event of that programme prov- ing even partly successful -Professor Pollard merely offers the assumption, and does not express an opinion -Ger- many would, he believes, make formal proposals for a peace conference, and if her overtures Were rejected, would then renew their attack on Russia. Professor Pollard makes no predic- tion as to the duration of the war, but evidently thinks it will last a good while yet. He shares the general con- viction that Great Britain will not stop until the war is won, and until Ger- many recognizes that she has lost R. Referring to public opinion on the Lloyd George Government, Professor Pollard said: "The whole nation has determined to proocute the war to a successful conclusion, and the whole nation feels that the war can be won by the Allies, and will give unstinted support to the Lloyd George Cabinet, or any other which shows itself cap -e able of waging a war with reasonable success." When asked what he considered would be the next move ate the Ger- mans, Professor Pollard replied: "Their next move undoubtedly will be an attempt to recapture Monastir and then try to 'drive the Allies out of Greece. When they have reached the limit of their expectations, in the Bal- kans, of which the recapture of Mon - astir is the chief objective, the Ger- man Government will probably make proposals for peace. If nothing comes of those proposals, the next move pro- bably will baa renewed attack on Rus- sia." "Do you think the Allies will be able to make substantial gains in the future on the western front?" Prof. Pollard was asked,. "We've got to see how strong the German defensive is," was his reply, "and sooner or later the Allies have got to, break it, or there can be no sufficient decision," e 4+. PURELY VOLUNTARY. Service on trench raids is purely voluntary. One et the greatest troub- les 'commanders have is to select a limited party from the excess of vol- unteers, Some men volunteer time after time, but often have to wait their turn while others are *given an opportuntty. Night life along the front line is weirdly picturesque. There are flares, Cares, flares, as far as the eye can reach, bursting into brief brilliance and then leaving the night darker than ever. The slightest unusual movement or suggested alarm sets vari-colored signal rockets hissing from the trenches. Then denies the spattering voice of the vielou$ ma- chine gun spraying steel jacketed pellets of death with reckless fury. When driven bank to new positions Ike Germans endeavor to take advan- tage of dark Melts to "wire them- selves in." They are great believers in the efficacy of barbed barriers. They sometimes build them eight feet high and to a depth of many feet, all the tangled mass beleg af- fixed to iron posts. Sometimes the British also have working parties out, There have been cases where watch ful flares have disoldsed enemy par ties silently but busily engaged very near oath Other. Through mete un fathomed code of trench honor theee parties otten are undisturbed until one or the other finishes the tank it has in hand. Then it is eonsidered entirely ethical for it to atteck the enemy and a deadly duel ensues. Sandhi:1es tbo flares Allow telletale evhite strips of tape laid forward itt straight lines freer a. German trench. Thie generally means an attempted raid and the tapes are laid to guide the attackers In the dark and prevent them from getting twisted about, for trench lines aro not straight. As is matter of fact, they are extremely tortuous and even in daylight it is difficult to keep positions clearly in raind, It was found early in trench war- fare that in the light of flares White faces Were shown with uncanny ra- dience, so nowadays various devices are, employed by both sides to pre. %Tait this. Some captured Germans have their tette darkly painted. black or brown veils are also worn. Dawn paints another phase of the front lino picture. Flares and rockets ahaw hnstir ts1 nuti groan in the ROUMANIAN TRAITORS BUSY Are Aiding the Germans in Every Possible Way. ?lan to eupplant King With a Pro -German. BY AWES TO GREECE Reliable Authority Said One Niraa to be Ptesented • Sunday. wel,.......01••••••••••0 MYSTERY STILL 1•1!".•!•••••,04.....W.,,,•! Situation at Athens Not Yet Clear --Troops Swarm to Capital London, Dec, 10, --The Greelt elate - tion is veiled in mystery, and the reports which have reached here the ease 48 hours are of the most contra- dictory cbaracter. Reuter's Athens correspondent, telegraphing Sunday afternoon at 2 o'clock, says: "According to Greek statements, fliendly epirit prevailed at the audi- ence King Constantine gave the Brit- ish and Russian Ministers yesterday, The King, as a sign that he entertains no hostile intentions, offered to with- draw two regiments- from TheosalY and entrust the guarding ot the Cole nith Canal and the Chalois aridge to French torpedo-boat destroyers. "While the Greek Government ine, nounces that the situation has im- proved; the diplomatic body is ro- e ,r,a;rrcad. att Droppers, the American Minister, was in conference with King Constantine more than an hour to -day. The Spanish Minister has left for Va- lencia, ostensibly on leave of absence, placing the legation in the hands of the Charge d'Affairs. All the En- tente nations have been ordered by their legations to quit Athens." FOOD TICKETS FOR ATIIENS. Discussing the Greek situation, the Berlin Vossische Zeitung says that ale soon as the announcement of the En- tente blockade of Greece was made, Greece began making preparation's to meet It. The Greek, army, according to this newspaper, is well supplied eith arms and ammunition. Food tickets, it adds, were issued in Athens on Sunday. The paper says it understand that wireless communication between Tun ilciesried.and Greece bas been re-ostab- • "It is understood on reliable author- ity that an Entente ultimatum will be presented to Greece on Sunday," says Reutees Athens correspondent, tele- graphing under Saturday's date. "The British and Russian Ministers had an audience with the King today, and subsequently the King- summoned the American Minister. The personal baggage of the Entente diplomatists has teen sent to Piraeus." TROOPS POURING INTO ATHENS. News despatches to the Weekly Despatch from Syra, Island, dated Fri- day, say that reports from Athens state that troops aro arriving there ceetinuously, and that 20,000 have gathered in, and around the capital. The Allied Ministers, it is added, asked for an explanation of tiles car- centration, and Premier Lambros re- plied, that it was for the preseevation of order. The Governmeat prese in Athena the report continues, admits that 1,600 followers of former Premier Venizelom have been seized. It is added that the Mayor of Athens, who Is 75 years old, along with 18e °tints, has been committed to prison en charges of high treason, and erten:, to commit murder. . Special despatches from Rotterdam quote the Frankfurter Zeitung's Budapest correspondent al saying that Geeece has notified the Central and Entente Allies that sbe is deter- mined henceforth to niaintain strict neutrality, that she will make not a single further concession to the Er- tente, And that any new tearenge from the Entente will be regarded as a tams belle SHOWS HIS HAND. The Morning Post Ileaapest orre- • spendent sends the repovt of a news- paper interview with Dr. J. SeilazY) the Austro-Hungarian Minister to CTBruedeaepeey st.win ho was expelled by the En- tente Allies and who has ie. -area "King Constantine and his Govern- -enent," the Minister is quoted as hav- ing said, "are reduced almost to im- potence, but it is possible they will decide on a desperate step, rather than submit to further bullying by the En- tente. The King knows that a great majority of the people of old • Greece. are behind him, and that the Entente's measures have created a strong feel- ing, wlaile the departure of the follow- ers of M. Venizelos for Saloniki re- moves the danger of .eivil war in the area ruled. from Athens. "If the Entente persists in it•s humi- liating demands the people will com- pel the King to lead them against the lentente forces, whether he wishes to do iso or not, The Greeks are not helpless tools in the hands of the Erie totite. The Government may be, but the King, the army and the people are not, and are determined to stand together Before we left Athens we were assured that our return would be a triumphant one." Dr. Szilasy asserted that the En- tente officers had scrupulously observ- ed the customary formalities in con- nection with the diplomats of tbe Con- tral powers. (By Martin H. Donohue, of the Lon- don Chronicle.) Galatz (via Russia), Dec, 7. - The main Roumanian arrey after over 100 days of uticeasing fightilig, has been compelled to retire to a new de- fensive lino north of Bucharest. Tho German effort scenes to have (spent it- self, and the enemy's offensive is new lacking ha vigor, the prisoners made by the Roumanians showing signs of physical exhaustion. Stray German patrols are wanderhig about the coun- try. A number of these raiding bands ha,ve been Out off Mid captured. Certain Roumanian politicians of the Conservative party with noted GermanOphile tendencies, in remain- ing with the enemy, are aiming at the deposition of leteg Ferdinand and proclahning his older brother, Prince Wilhelm of Hohenzollern, King of Roumania. The eget-Der of the Crown is advancing -with the main Gentian advancing anny, anti hag issatel it pro- clamation at Cralova, in which ho de - Clercs hiMeelf to be the rightful heir to the Rotiinanian throne. Conspira- tors are seeking to undermine the loyalty of the army by offering grants of land to offieers arid men who are Prepared to embrate I3ogellisne attd doe Ort, the cause of their rightful Sover- eign. The Gerreneephiles Oeterri- • plate the confiscation of the lands of a Roumaaitin notable who has been faithful to the Entente. The deign° tion f oil wells and diatilleries Is coMplete in the threatened area, • SHORT ITEMS OF THE NEWS OF THE DAY Explosion in Russian Muni- tions Plant Causes Death of 1,000. DEUTSCHLAND HOME Sinn reiners Break Vp a Oharitable Perform, • ance at Cork. Paul Leroy Beaulieu, the eminent economist, is dead at hie home, in Paris. It is understood that Henry For has leased a large otate itt hinglaud to lieuse Belgiau refugees, and will pey all expenses. Field Marshal Prince Iwao (.1“iraa, onimander-in-chief of the Manchurian army p2 Japan during the Russoniap- anese war, is dead. tion plant has' caused the death of 1,000 persons, according to the Over- seas News Agency in Berlin, quoting trio Russian newspaper Rech. The German commercial submarine Deutchslaud, completing a quick trip home from the 'United etates, arrived on the mouth of tb.e Weser. Publishers of the Pittsburg Post, Gazette -Times, Prese, Leader and Despatch announced that the price of Sunday editions would be 6 cents. Reuter's Christiania, correspondent, says the Nobel Committee has decided by 28 votes to 11 not to distribute the Nobel peace prizes for 1915 and 1916. Hector Brown, formerly bank man- ager in Galt, was allowed to go on suspended sentence by Judge Reade at Kitchener. He was tried a week ago on a charge of theft, and was found guilty. An explosion In a Russian ammuni- Corp. William Palmer, aged 39, of the Quebec Rifles, stationed at 1,Vitley, Eng., has been stabbed to death by rte. Alexie Letenock, who will starlet trial for murder. Miss Eva Clark, a life-long resident of Prescott, met with a tragic death by falling down an elevator shaft on the premises of the Hillbrook Cream- ery. John N. Burrill, of Indian head, a member of the executive of the Sas- katchewan Grain Growers, and a mem- ber of the Canadian Council of Agre: culture, has joined the C. A. M. C. as a. private. Mr. Wm. Gray, M. P., who was removed to Victoria Hospital some days ago, and who, it was reported, was gradually sinking, showed some improvement. While still semi-eon- scious, he was reported to be nesting. quietly. According to reports from Stock- holm, says tho Overseas News Agency, German submarines In the Arctiehreve sunk sixteen ammunition steamers bound for Russia. •Two hundred Sinn Feiners stopped a charitable performance given in be- half of the families ot the eoldiers of Cork. They sang Finn Sein songs and seouted "Up rebellion! Down recruit- ing!" Adelaide Cousins, aged 3, of Toronto, died in the Hospital for Sick Children. The child was terribly burned last week when a live coal fell from the grate of a stove in front of which she was sitting and ignited her clothes. Tho engagement is announced of Earl Curzon of. Kedleston, formerly Viceroy of India. and Mrs. Grace Elvina Duggan, Widow of Alfred Dug- gan, Of Buenos Aires. Mrs. Duggan is the oldest daughter of the late 3. Munro Hines, formerlY American Inlited States Minister to Brazil. PETERSORO EXPLOSION. Peterbore, One, Dee. 11. -An ex- plosion, cansed by spontaneous com- bustion, in the .engine room of the Quaker Oats plants here at 10.30 this teeming, blew down the walls of the building, burying at least twelve per- sons, and [shirting a fire that is dee- troying the entire plant. Twelve employees, all Injured, have been takell te the hospital, and it is believed that othera are belied in the debris and are dead, CAMPEILPORD PLANT BURNED. Carimbellford, Dec. 111. -The Diekson Bridge Werke Company% plant 'which Is engaged in the manufeeture of six. inch shells employing about /40 hands, VMS totally destroyed by fire to -night at 9.30. Fire commenced in the oil forgo arid spread rapidly to the roof and before water Could he brought to ',MY, the fire *0:44 hPYOSa 'Control. The loss As estimated at $60,000, Mostly covered nit insurance, Many families will be AloW forod to seek employment elsewhere. Canada bee 22,000,000 acres In tim- ber reserves, as compared with 187,.. 000;000 acres in the nationel tante at the totted States. r' • The dowager Duchess Augusta Caro- lina, of Mecklenburg, died in Germany. She was the world's oidest princess, being 94 years -onset -a. She was a daughter of the Duke of Datubrie cousin of the late Queen Victoria o England. A fire destroyed j. W. MacDonald's general store and contents at Emil, dale, Ont. The fire hall gained a good hold before discov.ered, very little was saved. Insuranee, covers about one-third of the loss, which wag - • e8,000. Mr. and Mrs. Edwin Smith, of To- ronto, were arrested by Morality Of- • Beer Kerr. The charge laid against the woman is that of bigamy, add the man that of having gone through a form of marriage knowing that the weman had already boa lawfully wedded. Isadore Lablene, a driver of the Canadian Express Company, died in St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, from a fracture of the skull. He was load- ing his wagon at the Union Station, when his foot, catching in the foot - weight, he lost his balance and fell head -first to the pavement. HUN CRUISER IN ATLANTIC 4. Heavily Armed, —Swift Steamer, With Torpedoe, Sighted 500 Miles North of the Azores. NeW Yerk, Dee, 10.-A. heavily armed steamsnip, fitted with tcrpedo tithes, has been sighted about 600 miles north of the Azores in lie middle of the steamship lane, ziecordiag to it vlreless warning flashed 'to -night to merchant vessels ot the Entente allies by a British or French cruiser lyiog oft Sandy Hook. 'The Massage, whith was sent firtt in English mad then repeated hi Italian, "Sighted 1 ttan., Dee. 1, longltade 49.46 west, latitude 27.67 north, atEamer of about 4,000 tons, 350 feet • leng and 46 feat beam. Vessel well armed and fitted 'with torpedo tubes. Ilad one abort, broad funnel, and twe masts. Steamer probably WO speed. Take all precautions," .0..