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The Wingham Advance, 1916-03-30, Page 3te• Atge*********feilSitst410441044.00,0. • • THE_ POULTRY WORLD v••••.....,••••••*•••••••,.. succEssipm.euunt REA.RING. U one le to be successful la the rearing of chielte artificially, and I limit this discussion to the methods emploYed lit art:Metal rearing', ais tide ie the type most often used oa oUr atesentsday poultry tants, it mut borne in mind that good etotet lutist luxe bee% the produeers of tho eggs from wilieh the initOce were 'latched, carefully selected. ulatinrs Must live Deer. parent to the eggs, censtant at- tention must have been gIvea the egge Were ;out during lueubatiou, and alme11 forethought and preparation Thee° faetoro are all vary importimt 3rust have been made for the reeep. thin of the chickom the incuemtors, in getting chicks that will make the ecoacmical growth deuired during the i.e.:ming season, The foundation must be good, if the betiding is to progress. Chicks from wealc stock, poorly se- lected mating% carelessly operated incubators aro not equipped, to begtn with, with the stroine vitality apel in- berned vigor that is so essential to st.oey and conetaut growth from 'the moment they sre placed in the breeders until they reach maturity in the fall. , . The object eef rearing must be' to fernieh conditions such as will Cie- velep the chicks normally and steaally throughout the seesoo, with no oet- backs or stunted periodto cut deem ou profits or near the health of the birds. UNDER THE BROODERS. The first at in 'rearin chicks is teams as soon as the chicks are re- moved from the incubators ana placed in the brooders. The supply of heat is of utmost im- portance. Baby chicks placed under a heeer directly from the inCubator ebould not suffer a ehilling, due either to careless haudling or to low tem- perature underneat1t the hover, The temperature beneath tlie hover stiould be around 98 to -100 degreee for the first day or two. Then it should be orodually dropped until at the end tee the first week the chicks are. perfectly cc nifortable, with a temperature of aesout 92 or 94 beneath thehover; at the end of the second week to a tem- eerature ef approgimately 88, and at the end ot the third week to 85, and flom then on gradually lowered, until at eight weeks there should be little need of artificial heat, unless the cli- matic conditions demand IL Thm method ef gradually lowering the de- gree of arttficial heat eurnished baby chicks is called the "hardening off" of the chicks, and Is one of the prime factors for preparingethe chicks for coustant and steady Growth out on the range. Chicks do not like, a.nd will not. reseond to, sudden changes in environment. Avoid irregular temperatures ondiw the hovers and in. the brooders, each ree will cause diarrhoea, weak lege and sturted growth, Of not heavy mortal- ity. Do not keep the hovers too hot, for chicks become tender and weak- eoed by exposure to excessive heat. °Force the chicks out from beneath the hovers on the second -deer f.or afew,. Minutes at a time, if they do not come' of their own initiative. Teach them to know where the eource of heat is; so that they will return to it wben cola, This is a critleal period in the kfe of. the chick. RIGHT FOOD IS 'IMPORTANT. Not only is temperature a linnting factor In euccessfuleFe• starting* baby chieks, .but the food given and the neethcda of feeding are important' as weel. Nature includes the yolk oe the egg withen the body of the chick the • last thing, beenre it comes from the thts being a provision for the baby chi'elc during the first two or three day out of the shell. Tuis yoilc ie the food material, which must be 'wed up and absorbed before other food is given. A. leek of this knowl- edge has been responsible for the .cerly mortality of many thousands of chick% De not feed anythIng'except fine grit and water during the first day out 'of , the incubator, 'The Chicke will pick - at the ,e.hining particles of grit and thus taiZe into their •bodiee the sub- stitute teeth, which will be reaely to work on the first food taken through the mduth. After the secona *day begin o feed man anemia at fine cracked chick grain, either sonic good commercial mixture or equal parts of fhie ,eracked corn, fine cracked *iviiettt and eine pinhead oats. reed every two homee in smainamonees, just what the cnicks will pick up in a few minutes. Keen; the little fellows hungry. Avoid overteeding, as this will cause diges- tive erouble. AtOthe end of the first .week place sniall pan of wheat bran before them in which there is some fine ground bone. This is essential for the proper development of their skeletons. If at an possible, keep sour skimmed milk before 'the chicks every day. from the second day to the day of their matur- ity, especially during the first eight or ten weeks. There is no food, in the mind of the writer, that is as import- ant as this in the feeding of growing 11114,414 On 04. 410.4 .171$ V 1 ( wheat, AMIN or grits& 110 Deer the ranges often tittriug the hottest den e in order to find any possildo sourees or ptomaine poisoning, such as emu!, - decayee carcasses of Willa that have died in the woods. •Constant watch- fulness is required of any man that in tenele to raise chicks eeotionileally and have healthy birds at the end of the , season, The other most inmortant factor which aide range growth is the feed- ing. If possible, keep sour oltim milk before them in fountains, which are placed in shady spots. Always keep plenty of fresh water on the ranges, Growing birds demand a greet deal of water, antl it is cbeap. Keep a grow. Ing mash 'before them in hoppers, .either big protected range hoppera or in small 'hoppers in the colony houeee. A good mash IS made up of four parte -wheat bran, two parts molt of ground corn, wheat Middlings, ground otitis and ane part each Of bone meal and meat scrap. Give morning and even Ing grain ration and equal parts of cracked corn and wheat. Throughout the period of develop- ment remember that the chicks- are building tne frames of their bodies at a tremendous rate, and that they re- quire protein, euch as is tiopplied by bran and wheat and meat scraps par- ticularly, and ash, such as Is suppllea by the bone meal. Surround the grow- ing birds with eonditions that will 1 I ",4ILLETTCOMPANYLIVIII.E.2 44 70hosio oNT. WOO for nittking hard and eoft soap, for softening water, for clean - I ng, disinfecting and for over 500 other purposes. nertion supsrlyierce. EAteitteer fomPANY LIMITZD chicks. It is easily digested, appetiz- ing, and the lactic acid in it undoubt- edly has a beneficial effect upon the digestive system. This can be fed in water fountain, which should be thor- ouglely cleaned each morning. After the second or third week the wheat bran can be changeti to a mash containiag wheat, bran. middlings, cornmeal, ground oats, bone meal and meat scrap. Use one part of each, ex- ut 'ems( pstus ..ensoui exa 40111 cept the bran, which can bp five Parts. Avoid the excessive use of meat scrap in very young (thick's. The milk is better. The infertile eggs from the incubator, boiled hard and ground Mt, should be used in Oleic feeding. One egg to fifty chicks each day is suffi- cient, Tills feeding should be wimple- mented with fine cut sprotited oats as a form of succulence. SANITATION NEEDS A.TTENTION. Careful attention must be given to the sanitation of the hover and brood- er run. Bacillary white diarrhoea and other diseases are spread through dirty, contaminated runs. Between each brood the Meyers' and runs Should be thoroughly cleaped and swept, then disinfeetea with a five per cent solu- tion of some good cdal-tar disinfectant. A new supply of about one inch of sanenould be placed on the floor and covered with a little chaff or chopped alfalfa, especially under the hover. Get the chicks out on the ground outside the house as soon as possible. Turn the early spring elticks out into the yards during the middle Of pleas- ant days. Keep the youngsters busy and occupied, and the dauger from toe -picking wile -.e decreased. Hardy, strong, vigorous chicks will respond quickly to careful management. The weak vitality chicite will be the first to die, but in the anerage flock the moetality during the first 10 or 12 weeks should not exceed 10 -to 12 per cent. ON THE RANGE. At the close Of the twelfth week cheat& are ready to put out on the ranges. This age will differ with dif- ferent types of brooding, different breeds to a eeetain extent, and differ- ent types of farm management,' but the end of the twelfth week is the average time at wIlich chicks are slee- t:latently hardened off to sately go out onto the ranges and into the colony houses, the greater part of which will have no sources of artificial heat, Of eouree, due account must be made for the season and climatic changes, There are several important factors that will affect intimately the growth and de- velopment of the chicks that have been carefully handled under, the brooders and are transferred tee the ranges. elle-first factor is that of room. The Colony houses ehould not be over- erewded, -either, but there is less dan- ger of •overercieeding the ranges than the houses. Birds need unlimited sup- ply of air- to breathe during the night. Every colony: house should be well - ventilated. All at least six or eight inches perch- room for each bird. Weak, emaciated birds on summer ranges are often the result of pushing them up too close together at night. Keep the colony houses clean. At the beginning of the sewn go over all the houses, disinfecting the.m with a 5 per cent. solution' of some good coal -tar disinfectant, aud furnishing new litter, preferably wood shavings. Paint the perches and •cracks and crevices about the house witb pure kerosene in order to kill red mites, one of the common enemies of grow. ing chicks. Keep the houses in good condition throughout the summer. In. spect them -at least every two weeks, Avoid dampness M the houees, for in such houses breed the germs of chiekenpox and roup. Keep the ranges clean as well. Do not allow stagnant pools or water to accumulate on the ranges over which poultry roam. Keep the surface soil fresh, preferably by growing some green orop, such as oats, And NOW for MARMALADE! It's the season for Ilitter Oranges and Grape Pruit. Make your Marmalade with St. Lawrence Granulated Pure Cane Sugar. e. Being absolutely pure it assures best possible results and removes all risk of fermentation. FREEUpon requestwe send excellent orauge and grape fruit marmalade recipes and 30 marmalade labels far home use—Address ST. LAWRENCE SUGAR. REFINERIES LIMITED, MONTREAL bring out and d eveI opthe none rate of growth, without anyestented days or backward spells. The successful rearing of chicks of all kinds, those to be egg producers primarily, or those of the heavier types, is a combination of good stook, careful :ncubation, raelonal and welionanaged brooding, and the supplying of natural environments (lur- ing the summer. WILLARD C. THOMPSON, Assistant in Research, New JetseY Agricultural Experiment Stations, New Brunswick. SHEEZINO COLDS, RAO COBOHS IRRITABLE THROAT ALL'OUREO Just think of it, a cold cured M ten minutes—that's what happens 'when you use "Oatarrhozone," You inhale its soothing balsams and out goes the cold—sniffles are cured—headache is cured—symptoms of catarrh and grippe disappear at once. It's the heal- ing pine essenceo and powerful antis- eptics in Catarrnozone that enable it to act so quickly, In disease of the nose, for irritable throat, bronchitis, eouglis and catarrh it's a marvel. Safe even for children. Beware of danger - me substitutes offered under mislead- ing names and meant to deceive you for genuine .Catarrhozone which is sold everywhere large size containing two months' treatment costs $1; smelt size, 50e; trial size 2ec. TOOK PHOTO OF A GHOST Yorkshire Vicar Produces Negative as His Proof. Was Invisible to Him, but Wife Saw Phantom. London Cable, — A claim to have Photographed a ghost was Made by Rev. Charles Tweedale, vicar of Weston, Yorkshire, in an affidavit made before the Commissioner of Oaths end supported by Mrs. Tweedale Nova Scotia Man Ilas Good News and bis son. Rev. Mr. Tweedale, who a few years ago attracted attention by his reports of psychital. phe- nomena at the Weston vicaeage, told A a correspondent of the Yorkshire Post thas on December 20 last his wife, aon and himself were at lunch. at 1,30* In the atternoon, when suddenly ble wife cried out that she saw an apparition of a, man with a full head ot deer and bealel standing at the other Ode of the table, to the left hallo. Cd: their son. Mrs. 'Pweedale dir:Icted attention to the figure, but neithe.r he nor hie son could distinguish it. Crying out hastily o his wife so keep it there, although on reflection he admits he ricers not know how Mrs. Tweedale could lace compelled the figtero to remain, ele rushed off into an asijoin- ing roone and picked up his camera. Fortunately' this was loaded with, quarter plate slides, and without a mornent's delay he returned to the morning room where they woe) lunch- ing. Hothen pieced tho eamera on the window sill and focussed it lip sOm0 distance betweea the camera and tile aosition where his wife El till meld she saw the figure. He gave an ex- poeure et 25 seconds. • Mrs. Tweedale described the man as a little man, and. said the top 01 1215 head appeared to be ebout on a level with her son's shoulder. Mrs. Tweea- ale and the boy continued sitting at the table during the time tho plate was being exposed, The resulting negative appears to have corroborated Mrs, Tweedale's vision. Mr, Tweedale explained that Ile personally devidoped the plate ehortly afterwards and it had net left his posseselon in glee meantime. The negative, which was shown a reporter by the Vidal`, is of quarter -plate size, and reproduees the corner of the morning room. IA the foreground is tho dining table, the Naito cloth on which teflects the light into a eolleer. Sitting at the table is 'Mrs. Tweedale's eim, and opposite him, towards the edge of ths.0 plate, there la the shadowy but (Mind impression of the head and shoulders of a little old man with abundant hair mil flow- ing beard. The figure, which appears to be in semi-recurabent Donlon, almOst hides that part of the plane Width lies behind it, aid title, in Mr. Tneedale's vieW, eoncluslvely proves the aeParitiOn had definite objeetivItY, although invisible to the normal vision df liraself and his sou. hi response( to it euggestioa that the cemera, May have played a erielt upon him, the vicar stated ha had care- fully egamitied the conditiotts as they 'were. At the thee the eaniera was In perfeet order, and the plate Wad taken froM •a new box Of entarter- plates, and had not teen previously exposed. Nto person of similar aPPeare nee ever Ilea been pbotOgraphed by WM, rend none of the family* receige ntesed the figure dieglotted on the nega- tive; His wife Clairvoyantly saw the figure which eke desctibed, and upon sensitivo plate being exposed a figure was diseloseel, end was rtOag* Weed by Mre. Tweedale as being like the man site saw. .. a A Man certainly maketo.allowanees for bite Wite's Millie Viten he priye her MOS IN DODO'S KIDNEY PILLS A CURS FOR HIS RHgUMAT1$M. Sitates Qut of His Own Experience That Oodd's Kidney Phis Are a Sure Relief From Pain. Greenfield, Queen's Coo N. S., March 27.1—(oec1al.)—"To anyone who suf- ters from rheumatism 1 say; "rake Dodd's Kidney Pills.' They will be sure to give you a release from Patin" Thie la the meesage of Cornelluo 1.11r- tle, a well known farmer living near here, Mr, Ilirtle suffered from rheu- matisen fel' four years and fouled a cure In Dodd's) Kidney Pills. "I was M bad, shape for four years,' Mr, iiirtie says in giving lite experi- ence, "My back sand tape troubled me so mueli that I was not able to do much, without suffering. 1 ale() had stiffness in the Mots, my muscles cramped and 1 telt 'noisy and sleepy after meals, I had a bitter' taste in my mouth, especially in the morning. My appetite Was fitful and I was often dizzy. "lsuffered from shortness of breath, I -svao often dizzy anti I was depressed and low spirited. "I took six boxes of Doeld's KidneY PIlls and they did me so much good that I am recOmMending them to all my friends, They are better than any doctor." was a symptom of kidney disease.Ve Thawhy Dodd's Kidney Pine cured himEv.ery one of Mr. Hirtlees symptoms 0 Portrait of a 13usiness lYfan. I found him dimmed by his mahogany, A little figure in a lustrous chair, Who talked with pudgy hands upon his knee, _ ('Twas in the spring and April's shining hair Fell from the casement to the glint- ing floor!) But lie sat droning there Of otoc:Isis and profits * * * aue beyond his door— Glory to man andall his works! I heard the steady painful bustling Of Jared Whipple's clerks; A. weary languorous rustling, As to pent souls who beat their wings, and died Day after day, with the light of the . warmth outside! "Business is picking up; say that for me. The world is getting on—" "To evhett?" I said. He blinked his eyes and wagedhis smooth round head. "Why, sir, to fortune and prosperity!" I3eyond his door young eyes were turting •dim, And April loosed her hair * arid laughed attim! —New .York Sun, . The Appian way. The famoUs•Appian way was con- structed by dialog, two parallel trenches, three feet in depth, at the bettem of whicb were placea two lame of fiat stones in mortar*, upon winch a layer of . cobblestones woe pieced, also laid in mortar. Then came a course of pebbles ill concrete, over which were placed largo, flat blocks of smooth lava, well joined together, forming an even, uniform surbt.ce. It was primarily a military rola, and ex- tended from Rome to Bruncloshim, (Instance of 1350 miles. So perfect Wita the construction of this celebrated road that It still exiete in places as good as ever, notwithstanding it was nis.de more than twenty centitries ago. * KILL THE WEEDS I NERVOUS DISEASES IN THE SPRING ao.operative Zxperimentaiu 4radioation for 1910. During the past four years the Ott - tufo Agricultural and Experimental Union have carried an co-operative expernnente in the eradicetton of weeds. Soule fifty-eigbe tarmere have taken part In thee° experiments :and, some very interesting and valuable results base been obtained. The weeds experimented with were Per- canial Saw Thistle, ',Mitch Gram Madder Campion, 'Wild eiustard and Ox -eye Daley, • The results obtained may be 'summarized aa follows: . 1. That good cultivotien, followed by rape sown in drills, provide means of eradicating both Perenhial Sow Thistle and Twiteit iGsrakis. 2. That rape IS a more eatisfactory crop to use lu the 'destruction • of Twitch Grass than buckwheat, 3, That rape gives much better' re- sults in the eradication of Twitch Grass and Perennial Sow Thistle when „pawn in drills and cultivated than it *does when sowa broadcast. 4, That thorough, deep cultivation, I n fall and spring, followed by a well -cared for hoed crop, will destroy Bladder Campion, 5. That mustard may be prevented from seeding in oats, Wheat and bar- ley by sprayiute, with a twenty per cent. solution of iron sulphate with- out allY serious injury to the standing crop or to the fresh seedlings at clover. Those who took Dart in these ex- periments profited by the experience in nearly every instance they clean- ed the field exnerimented upon, de- monstrated to their own satisfaction the effectieenese of the method tried, and at the same time the results fur- nished practical information to oth- ers. 'Mese co-onerative experiments in weed eradieetion will be. continued this year (1910), and it is hoped that a large number of men will take Dart in them in order that suficient infer - matt= may be gathered to warrant definite otatemente being made he regard to the best methods of rontrol- ling these pernicious weeds. The ex- periments for 1910 are as follows: 1. The use or rape in the destruct- ion of Perennial Sow Thistle. 2, A system of Imtensive cropping and cultivation, using winter rye fol- lowed by turnips, raps or buckwheat, for eradicating Perennial Sow Thistle. S. The use of rape in the destruct- ion of Twitch Grasse 4. A method ef cultivation and crop- ping fcr ,the destruction of Twitch Grass. 5. A method for the eradication of Bladder Campion or Cow Bell. 6. Spraying with iron sulpbete to destroy mustard in cereal moms. 7,' A method of cultivation ana croPeing for the destruction of Ox- eye Daisy. Those who are troubled with any of these bad weeds are invited to write to the Director of Co-out:naive Experiments in Weed Fradication, Ontario Agricultural Colitge; Guelnh, •Cint. Ile will be glad to furnish full information concerning these experi- ments and to -supple' aPplication blanks for the sumo, All experi- menters will be swooned with, full and detailed instruction for carrying out the experiments selected, and with blank forres en ntich to report the results of the same. All inter- ested in clean farming areAdaderlauscal all co-operate in this work. communications to s. Hewitt, On - tette egleniterai College. teueleh. • • e ^ Ar•Ar.,--A-....AArn-AseArAtl• Cure . Toning the Blood and Strengthening the Nerves. • It is the miinion of our best Medical arthoritiess after .lang obeervation, teat nervatia ,diereiteee aro more out - PM and more r4vdousin tlete :spring thart at any other time of the year. Nitta" changes In the system, atm' )(mg winter months, may e;inso much more. trouble than the familiar epritig weak - noes and weariness from WhIC11 Most people suffer as the result ef Indoor lira, in poorly ventilated and often .overneated buildinge, Official reebrde proves that ta April rule Ma -y oeureegia, it Nitta' deuce, epilepsy aud !other Terms of nerve troubles 'are at 'their wceet, ,and that then, more theal.e .enY other ime, tt eloodenaking,. nervee restoring tonie is needed. The antiquated custom of takingePur. gatives itt the spring is useless, fur the (wedeln really needs strengthening, while purgatives only gallop through the bowels, leaving them weaker. Dr. Williams' Mk Pills are the beet, medicine, for they ftctually make, -the .new, rich, red blood that teethe the starved nerves, and ethus cure the many forms of nervous alsorillerse Thoy cure aieo suck other .forms qf .epring- troublee ng headaches, poor appetite, weakness in thee limbs, -les*well ne re- move unsightly pimples anae,eriletions. In fact they untailiagly bring pew health and strength to .weak, tired aod depressed men, \\town and eren, Sold by all medicine dealercirebY mail at 50 cents a box or six boxesfor $2.50 from elehe Dr. Williams MeditIens Con Brockville, Ont. * 9 * QW The sag 11' Housekeeper . A home remedY for biliousness is lemon juice ana soda. Squeeze the Juice 02 11 small lemon into half a glass or- cold water, then stir in as much bicarbonate ot soda as can be held on the point of a penknife and drink effete veNecniYriegr. allowopened frule or .vege- . tables to stand In a 'tin 'can, Turn them out into an earthen dish. A baked lemon is splendid for hoarseness. The lemon is baked like an apple, then the juice or syrup squeezed over old-fashioned lump sugar and eaten. When gas in the range is discern- ' ,a.gingly low,' a long handled corn -pop- per Will be found useful for cooking meat in the furnace. In decorattng a child's birthday -cake place ulafehmallows on top and stiok a tiny candle In eacn. This arms awily with candle holders, -Nickel trimmings on a range can be kept bright by rubbing with whiting wet with amnionia, then polishedwith a ssorftclopthu.tti Nhoag inuslia curtains on brass rods, first cover the end of the rod with the finger or an. old kid glove then there will be no danger of -tear Ing the finest fabric. Cheese cal be kept moist a long time if wrapped 1a a clothe slightlY dangeened In vinegar. T. clean Morocco leather, sponge i over with warm, soapy water, to re move all dust and dirt, and then rub, over with a piece of clean•eloth dippe in white of egg. Centers. The Seat of Life .. or elerve.Reate The Nerves Which i Drive the Machinery• of the Body—the Heart, the Lungs, . the Digestive Organs. You prick your finger and. know thatit; is the nerves which carry the painful sensation to. the brain. You move y -our hand,.ancl realize that the idea of movement started in your mind. But-clid you ever.think tat every beat of your heart and every breath of air taken into your lungs is de- pendent on a constant supply of, nerve force 7 It is -the internal or sympathetic nerves which -drive the machilieit ol the ZOdy, gild from their derangement or exhausted condition arises :weakness of the stomach,' feeble action of the heart, or inactivity of liver and bowels. When nerve force Mils every organ of the body becomes more or less deranged'. Indiges- tion, sleeplessness, headaches, irritabilityand nervousness are some of the iht .indications, You lose energy and ambition, find your work a drudgery, and grow weak and listless, As time goes on you become more and inore helpless, until nervous prostration or collapse bring you to the sick bed, and long months are often necessary for the restoration. of the exhausted nervous system. Even in this extreme condition Dr. Chase's.Nerva 111 ood will usually enre.livitg nae is persisted in, but how raueh wiser it is to heed the warning in the early stages and keep.the nerve force at high-water Mark. No testorative has ever proven its worth in so many thousands of eases‘ as has Dr. Chase's Nerve Food. What it has done for others it will do for you under sinailar,condi- Lions. By forming new, rich ?blow it nourishes the starved and derAeted nerves back to health and vigor, and thereby overcomes the cause of weakness and diseases of the nerves. Otic a box, 0 for $0, all dealers, or lildmanson, Bate Ig4Co. limited, Toronto. Dr, Chase's Recipe Donk, 1,000 selected recipes, sent free; 1 eon filen/rentlt19, yik.per. QA.No* t1rt RDN1N(g iivIDiuMtlioN001).Dbl?.heret tile farmer le Planning hie garden. There are setae things that are over-! looked, and. Some PA generally known, even with thoSe wile an their lives bave tweeted. titigientle reminders might, be Men - 'Plow the soil deeply. Carden soil should be mixed fullY a feet in depth. 13egin early—plow deep—manure heavily. It is not likely tha soil will bBend in the order to the seedsman. Avoid the rush that comes later oa„ og. end tiVohl the diSappoIntmeat of finer* ing that certain varieties are "all sold ielt.etteftn too rich. Start the hot bed. Remember that poor seed Is dear at ane pdice, and that good seed is of first importaneee Order from a reliable 'met] house, 'e'heir advertiseateuts aro now in. • s El en in ordinary seasons all carlY garden is a -very desirable thing, to lieSvoe' sy the seeds ef all hardy vege- tables aa soon as the ground is in good working order, The garden ripot ehould bo the warmest, sunniest spots possible, cspe- 1a11y for the first early sowIngs, For best results, the gerdensnould be un- otstructed by vines, bushee or fences, It is better to buy ceed Trope a reit- aele seed holm than to run the risk of tuying nal left over froni last year, asi is oftett the case in patronizing the country store, Tbetbarnyard manure for the garden stymiei be well rotted if it is desired to cultivate it into the early soil in tbo spring. But If ware% green wrinure has to be used. It Secant be aehltered, broadcast during tho winter, and eakdeup or Mulch Part oe it before plante:eare set in spring. This, of couese, appliee to ground that has bred plowed the past fall. Ceteree, strawy manure is not recom-; inefftleti foie garden ,fertilizer. But if ono hi' unable to secure well -decayed canniest, such as is most desired for this purpose, nen a generoos applica- tion of fresh stable manure should be green at this time. If at the time this tatilizer is applied the ground is not frozen, or is in a condition for doing so, it would no doubt be better that ie ehould be ployed or spaded under; but even if this is not done, the storms of winter, in combination with the action of the frost, will prepare it for giving results when pleating time .110;shcaele. Tho value ot a garden depeade upon lloW it is managed. To elerive ethe nicst from it the plot should be made to produce both early and late crops, and t no time should there be a vacant spot unless too late in the season to grow another crop before frist. In the easel of most vegetables and gfirclen fruits It does not pay any man these days to attempt to grow his own seed. He may save a te,w cents in the cost of seed, but he is almost sure to lose ten times tie nuich in a de- creased prop. The producing of Reed bas become a science, and only spe- cialists are likely to ao tbe work in a manner that will insure us the seed In proper condition. Plants of the eitime kind cross so easily and even nt leng distances from each other that the amateur is sure to leave open :tome dcor far disaster. Amateur selected seeds are many tiMe,S the cause of varieties."running put." It no more DDSs for every man to raise his own vegetable seeds than it. does for every man to try to Make lee own bootee `rho finer the soil the better the vegetables, both in quantity and qual- ity. Working the surface soil over after every raihi retains the moisture. Ve getehles delight in having a warm, _deep, rich and mellow soil, and will Pay generously foe the privilhge. The soil ot the garden should be well underdralned, thoroughly trenched or " 'sub -soiled, and enriched by a judic- ious application of fertilizing material. Sunshine being a very essential ele- ment, a southern exposure is prefer- able: •If this can be had, and a deep loam, somewhat sandy, rich in humus and with good drainage, there 'will be an ideal location. FARM NEWS AND VIEWS. We would hear lees complaint of al- falfa, winter -killing ertebi year if the newly -sown fields were mulchecl early in winter with tine matture. It looks as though the wool growers of this country are to enjoy quite a large period of prosperity, as tho pieces of both wool and =Mott show a profit to the grower. ' A single leaf of an apple tree has 100,000 pores. Through each oue of theee, pores, water is continually pass- ing 'ate into the surrounding atmos- phere. Hickories, buekeyes and black wal- nut trees grow in a strong, rich soil. Suck soils are Very hard to work, but whett they are brought under cultiva- tion they show great fertility. W. B. Teethe's'', horticulturist of the eatension department of the A. and el. College, says the turnip louse may be conttolled by Spraying with it mixture of one pound ot laundry soap dissolv- ed in seven gallons of hot Water. This spray must Bethany touch the iuseet to be effeetive, and as they are on the bottom of the leaf it is necessary to USO a erook on the spray nozzle, These crooks may be obtained front dealer% Do the spraying carefully and repeat as often as necessary, A stock farm is always considered better collateral in financial centres than a farms where Crops OnlY are groWn. This shows that live stock are stater than tatting crops alone; that animals represent greater value titan crops; that farmers who eels() live stock tire in better finanoial stand. ing, We need more stock farms and more stock fanners. One ton (2,000 pounds) bureed llnie or burned (*Peter eittells colitains abont 2,000 lutunds pure lime, One ton (2,000 pounds) raw grottnd limestone or Ore ster shells tontains about 1,120 pounds Duro limo. One ton (2,000 pouticle) hydrated lime Contains about 1,514 pounds pare lime. The present potash shortage has created many questions in the minda of our thoUghtful producer% The fol- lowing saggestiofte aro made by the Agronomy Department of the Nose Jere soy State College: Timothy sod, -i50 Ilenncis nitrate, of soda, 150 pounds acid pliesphette. This should, be applied early in the spring. Corte -200 pound acid phosphate, 100 pounds nitrate of soda, (10 pounds atiMonitirit sulphate. If 'stable manure is implied, leave* Mit idle ammonium sulphate. One Nurse's. Sufferings Nurse FlOrenee Witten, who Was shot threllgh the heap during the re- treat frone Serbiee Wee Meng a perky of thIrty-three British niArsce field doctora who 'Arrived in Zurieh reeent- iy. They were Chiefly members of the Seeond British Farmers' Ambulance, eta called buns() they were organize(' and seat to. Sorvia with tho contribu- tiOns to the Sereian Relief Fund sun- ocribed by British Arnim, There were four Men in the Parte', the chlee, Dr. Famous, the secretary, Mr, Gray, and two orderliCet the other twenty -able were young women, who, despite all the hardships they had no. aergone, were bright Of eie mid cheek and plainly overjoyed at the gooel lenglieh wekome they received. Soule of their biouees IA30,111040 from men'e Crimean shirts, (Ahem were cut out the Warts, while their • boots were fbraognst_bil anti:ter ;I, :11 get) given oe tolitti 00 0.1101.1 Patched with leather froea their pleterly In Serbia, Nurse Clifton, telling the story of their departure, (said: 'On October 26 news came that the enemy was ad- yeaclug On our town, and the Serbi- ans, .having decidee to retire, Or- dered us to leave with thorn, The only Wily to tollow them was by walking. We trammed eighteen miles the first day end slept that nignt be the open fields, The Servigns then gave us two ox-wagna, under which after that, our parte' slept at nigh on straw. e"On the second day I was walking alone when shots were fired close ahead. Mr. Stone, one of our party, advised ua women to get under the carts, I was doing so when, I got a but, let that passed through both ot my lungs tend my left arm. I fell down, thinking my end had come. Our doc- tore were on aimed, but a Servian doe - tor Aad me carried back two miles on a stretcher to a field hospital. Next morning eight felebian soldiers carried me on a stretcher to Raslika. Here we found Dr, May, who, in the absence of Mme. Stobart, who was nursing on the Sulgarian frontier, had become head di our unit. At Rashlta a bomb from an aeroplane fell on the 'hospital in which I wee Placed, and killed a pat- ient in the room next to where I lay. "I was then taken on a stretcher, and afterwards in a motor ear, to Peesevitz, where -1 added pneumonia to my other troubles, teat we had to go on, and I was taken in an ox -wagon to Mitrovitza. There wee a blizzard during most of this atage, and on thd next day there was an air raid over Alitrovitza and a battle just outside the town, which Sister Bambridge Watched from the windows. The Aus- trians entered at two o'clock in the morning. "When I was fit to be moved I asked tog() to Lady Paget's hospital at Uskub. The Bulgarians refused to al- low me to be taken to Mitrovitza. On December 24 we started with a convoy of wounded for Belgrade, going along the Austrian line of march. The whole country was devastated. A few women and children could be seen here and there— the only eign of life. The Servian dead and countless horses anti oxen were lying unburied. We learned from the Austrians that the Germans on entering a town—and they took care to be first in wberever posslbbe— pilfered everything. "Christmas -day was spent in a road- side hut, where our host was an Aus- trian. doctor, who was very nice. We reached Rasblea a day late, and here, too, the Austrians were very kind. I3ut at the next stage, Otishka, We were treated horribly. The Austrian soldiers teased me about on the stretcher as if It were a great joke, and ihe otfieers looked on and laughed. Titmice, on the Here we lost our luggage, eiiisi-iittgayhntgt,eo a0Inetcrialjevo, we slept on the ground. which was taken out of the cart in the ailovtehisueger,e left without a "At Stallax we met Ceermans for the first time. They also were kind, and gave us coffee and bread and chem. Belt at two in the morning, when changing trains, we ran against •aee. brute of a German doctor, who or- dered us out of our carriage because he wanted it for an °Meer. We man- a•gotah to eirseeieesilltilteus.aaether carriage "When we reached Belgrade the two lady doctors were sent to the police and Sister Bambridge aad 1 wentto the hospital. The two doctors were ',brawn into prison with thieves and disreputable characters, and then sent off to Hungary, without (me knowing in the least what had happened to them. In, this state of suspense we re- mained two days, when Dr. McMillan was .allowed to come to see us and bring us some money; I was kindly treated in the hospital at Belgrade, and the five weeks I spent there was the making of me. Then Sister 13am- , 'bridge and I were sent to Vienna, where the Americah. Consul -General was most kind, and arranged for our departure by way of Switzerland With te\i.eer j13ei 1ttto lehFmaiemeit.ers, whom We were a "On arriving at the frontier we were eearched and onr Britisn sovereigns taken —riot quite all, for Sleter Bam- tiodtgadAatiazdattialiiiidshfctotrader ithertalinet,out(r) trnhnv yetsbgeorrnelit:td mots. tt surprise remembered me— tho last time he hadalla atr seelitme *hero heesaw ' and espeeially by Sister Bambridge- 8(Villals'inagt A Sister!Clifton epoke in grateful terms of the devotion shown by Dr. Iles an I Dr. McMillan and the Rev. Mr. Rogere, "who brought me back to 1ife."—Cen- tre,1 News." WAR Aria TARIFFS. (Philadelphia Itecord) ghe Protectionists should bo C.En•r. tut about ielieitating theznselves too un- reservedly over tho fast that the Moieties - ter Chamber of .poinnieree has (Jested is dor irects out of .••Li who are oD,...setl to nni- versal (leo trade. Of couese Munches - tit. has long been tho velure of ti.ea trade opinion, and' if Cohdenball wore beaten there by a large maJority it 32 euld look as if connhereial progress had been, detinItcly arrested and turned bat% on Itself. liut, then, that is not at all what lute happened in Altinehonter. What has cuilpenett there in a demonstration of the e120111.1 of the fire traders that tar, iffs are a method of warfare: the only cculistitet,..!, tor war available in Donee, 1 war is te good thing for husilleaS. ihon proteelloo is a good thing; not quite so 7tnal as war, but a fair substitute. The action al llanchester is proof that free trade, Donee and the brotherhood of man are eloscly united. THE LIES OF SCHOOL BOOKS. (Harper's Weekly) Traits:clew seYsz—"The history of eve*, !country, as written by eontemeor- arivg, 01 111 ita main lilies mythical, if 131 worse, Not unto several generatione later does it heeonle true histOrY, If it ever does." The IrolltszcitUng, all hi- telligent pater of Now York, uslog this Idea as it text, Speaks jcuttly the or our reboot hooka and moo at iwo centuries the time needed to eorroct them. 3,, 1 thinly the war of tele Is still told in Ane,rlean sehool bietories lu 0 War to (awe a moderately inforMed reader to liniulgo Sad Wad silent Nunn Our Ger. man friend, beteg 0 eree-thinuer raver. 81tp,1 that eVen POW Napoleon the third., in treated tis the author of the loranc..o. (onman war, and the 111415 C1181311011 15, reateelY inentiOned. MO could tell front our ordinary bletoriee that the A.merketne rought 3*(11**0 Malt the BritiAlt 05 lurid 131 hOth our ware?