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THE CITIZEN, WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 17. 2001. PAGE 17
1..
Home & Garden 2001
Plant now to enjoy owering bulbs in spring
If you haven't planted your fall
bulbs, wait no longer. Now is the
best time to start planning your gar-
den for next spring and summer.
Whether you have a small or large
garden, expert and novice gardeners
agree that flowering bulbs should
play a large part in your planning
and planting. Especially this year,
since gardeners around the world are
celebrating "Tulip 400," marking
four centuries of tulip cultivation in
the Netherlands.
By now, your local garden centre
has a full supply of flowering spring
bulbs in stock. The most common of
these include tulips, daffodils, cro-
cus, hyacinths, album, snow drops,
galanthus, fritillaria, some iris, mus-
card, narcissus and scilla. space by breaking it up with a pitch-
The best time to plant is from fork, Make sure the soil is loose, rich
October through the end of and porous. Add some sand or perlite
November, when the weather is cool. if your soil contains too much humus
Bulbs planted when there could still and tends to stay wet, or improve the
be prolonged periods of warmer quality of your old, parched soil with
weather may rot. (Especially tulips, topsoil and peat moss. The same care
which should be planted just before should be taken for bulbs being
the ground freezes.) planted beneath the turf.
Planting bulbs in the lawn is a pop- Keep in mind that bulbs root
ular way of achieving a woodland downwards; the quality of the soil
effect. Plant bulbs like crocuses, beneath them is more important than
snow drops and narcissi, since they that of the soil above them. Roots
flower before the grass .grows, require phosphorus for successful
making them safe from your lawn- growth and it is important to mix.
mower, some into the bottom of the hole for
• Considering that bulbs will stay in easy access to the roots.
your soil for a few years to come, it's' Phosphorus is the middle number
a good idea to prepare the growing of the three numbers on all fertilizer
bags. Higher phosphorus is available plant them 10 to 15 centimetres in
in bonemeal, super phosphate or the ground and about 20 centimetres
"bulb food" widely available with apart. Although the task of planting
bulbs. bulbs is a little hard on the knees, use
When planting your bulbs, the tools such as bulb planters to make
general rule of green thumb is to the work less strenuous.
Grow herbs at home
If your experience with herbs has
been limited to shaking a few flakes
of dried oregano out of a jar, there's
a whole world of enjoyment and sat-
isfaction you can explore right in
your own kitchen.
Most herbs, including culinary (for
cooking), fragrance and medicinal
types, will thrive indoors in a sunny
window, under fluorescent lights, or
using a combination of both. Your
own windowsill herb garden can
supply the precious ingredients for
exciting recipes, healthful herbal
teas, natural, gentle cosmetics and
fragrant sachets and potpourri to use
at home or as thoughful gifts.
Herbs are easy, inexpensive and
truly rewarding to grow at home.
Here's how:
•What kinds to choose:
Herbs are available at garden cen-
tres as seeds or started transplants.
Generally speaking, herbs are either
annuals, which grow for a season or
two and die, or perennials, which can
live for many years and become
quite large.
Sweet bay, for example, the secret
to savory soups and stews, will grow
into a medium-sized tree indoors.
Other familiar culinary herbs include
annuals such as basil, coriander, dill
and parsley, as well as perennials
such as marjoram, oregano, rose-
mary, sage and thyme.
You also can grow catnip, a peren-
nial, for a nerve-soothing tea and
contented housecats. Lavender,
lemon verbena, and scented gerani-
ums are all long-lived perennials that
will lend their heady aromas to
herbal bathwaters, sachets and pot-
pourris.
Lovage, a hardy perennial that can
reach six feet indoors, has long been
used to make natural mouthwashes,
while both spearmint and peppermint
are said to be effective against
headaches and indigestion.
• How to grow herbs indoors:
Whether you start herbs from seed
or transplants, grow them in a light
mix of potting soil with some sand
or vermiculite added for good
drainage.
Perennial herb seed can be started
in shallow pans or flats and trans-
planted to individual four-inch pots
when the plants are a couple of inch-
es tall.
Annual herbs like -parsley, dill,
coriander- and caraway don't trans-
plant well and should be sown
in the container in which they will
remain.
Keep seeded containers in a warm
spot and uniformly moist until the
seeds sprout, then move them into a
sunny spot. If natural light is insuffi-
cient (at least four hours of sun per
day) supplement it with fluorescent
"grow lights." Plants growing in
strong light need regular watering
and feeding with a good liquid fertil-
izer. Using this combination, you can
produce a surprisingly large harvest
indoors.
• Enjoying the harvest:
As a general rule, you may harvest
herbs gradually, snipping off a cou-
ple of inches as needed, but never
removing more than about a third of
the total plant.
Some herbs, especially if grown
for seed (dill, is one example) might
be allowed to mature, then harvested
and used whole.
• Herbal vinegars:
Use these to add zest to a salad, as
a bracing facial splash, or natural
after-shampoo conditioner..
Begin by combining either white
or red wine vinegars and your
favorite herbs. Some chefs like to let
the herbs steep in the vinegar for a
few weeks, and then drain and rebot-
tle, but this is not strictly necessary.
For added flavor and decorative
appeal, you can add garlic cloves,
olives, jalapeno peppers, or pimento
on wooden skewers.
Try a few different food colourings
for variety, and use clear, clean glass
bottles. Fancy liquor and wine bot-
tles with corks are perfect. Herb
vinegars make lovely, thoughtful
housewarming gifts that soon
become a favorite kitchen item.
• Potpourris and sachets:
Recipes for these generally call for
the addition of scented oils. It's pos-
sible to make your own, but you,
would probably need more herbs
than you can practically grow
indoors.
Scented oils, along with powdered
orris root, a fixative,' are available at'
crafts stores, along with other dried
items, like rose petals, that you can
use along with your own herbs to
make personal potpourri combina-
tions. .
Choose a combination you like -
- say, lavender, rosemary and scented
geranium — crumble the ingredients
together, and add about a half ounce
of the fixative and a few drops of
scented oil to every three to four
cups of herbs or flower petals. Seal
the mixture up in tightly covered jars
for a few weeks while the scent
blends and fixes, then use uncovered
in baskets, jars or sewn up into
sachets.
• Enhancing home-cooked meals:
With herbs at your fingertips in the
kitchen, you'll discover creative
cooking impulses you' never knew
you had. Herbs can turn ordinary
foods into gourmet treats, and
they're a great way to add flavor and
excitement to salt-free diets.
Use your windowsill herbs in sal-
ads, soups and stews, pasta sauces,
omelettes, stuffings, rice and vegeta-
bles. Remember that fresh herbs,
though more flavorful than dried, are
less strong, so where a recipe calls
for, say, a teaspoon of dried herbs,
double that amount when using fresh
herbs.
And after that fabulous meal,
chewing a • sprig of fresh parsley
makes the world's best natural breath
freshener.
Kitchen herbs add excitement and
originality to recipes, potpourri, and
herbal vinegars to spice up a salad or
give as a thoughtful gift. Grow herbs
in a sunny window, provide plenty of
moisture and feed regularly with a
good water soluble plant food.
Harvest up to a third of the plant at a
time, by snipping off what you need
with a pair of sharp scissors.
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