The Citizen, 1997-06-18, Page 20PAGE 20. THE CITIZEN, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 18, 1997
Farmers hear of important tools at workshop
A Nutrient Management Plan,
along with an Environmental Farm
Plan, could be important tools in
proving a farmer has taken proper
precautions to protect the environ
ment, a London lawyer told a
workshop on manure management
in Holmesville, June 10.
Paul G. Vogel of Cohen Highley
Vogel and Dawson told about 140
people present, “It’s clear that a
Nutrient Management Plan (NMP)
and Environmental Farm Plan
(EFP) are going to be significant in
the ability to demonstrate a farmer
is following normal farm practices
and using due diligence.”
This is important, Vogel said,
because due diligence is the only
defence a farmer can use against
charges of contaminating air or
water, and a farmer is only protect
ed through the Farm Practices Pro
tection Act if it can be
demonstrated he was following
normal farm practices.
Vogel was one of five speakers
taking part in the meeting called
Manure Management — The Law
and You, co-sponsored by the
Huron Stewardship Council and the
Huron County Federation of Agri
culture. It deals with a hot topic in
Huron because of the new liquid
manure bylaw adopted by most
townships. It requires an NMP be
developed before a building permit
can be issued for a liquid manure
tank for a new facility holding
more than 150 livestock units or
expansion of an existing facility of
that size by more than 20 per cent.
Also speaking at the meeting
were Mike Toombs, an agricultural
engineer and rural/urban interface
with OMAFRA; Wayne Caldwell,
senior planner with the Huron
County Planning and Development
Department; and Kevin McKague
and Paula Niece of Ecologistics in
Lucan, a consulting firm that,
among other things, prepares
NMPs.
Vogel, the final speaker, brought
sobering information about the
neavy penalties for those convicted
under the the Environmental Pro
tection Act (EPA) or Ontario Waler
Resources Act (OWRA). The sim
ple-sounding EPA rule, “Anyone
responsible for a source of contam
inant is liable for the discharge of
the contaminant into the environ
ment if it is likely to have an
adverse effect” — becomes much
scarier because of broad interpreta-
tion, Vogel said. Those held
responsible are not just those in
possession of the contaminant
when it was discharged, but those
who have had ownership in the
past. Contaminant has been defined
as heat, vibration and sound as well
as more easily-recognized contami
nants as chemicals and liquid
manure.
Adverse effect has been defined
as damage to property, or plant and
animal life, causing discomfort,
causing adverse health effects,
adversely affecting the safety of
others, making something unfit for
use, causing the loss of normal use
of property, and business interfer
ence.
Those convicted of violating the
EPA, face fines of up to $400,000 a
day and a year in jail. There is strict
liability, meaning you are responsi
ble in law for the act and that say
ing it is an accident is no excuse.
The act also provides for absolute
liability for clean-up costs and
strict liability for damages to the
property or health of others. The
only defence is that you have taken
due diligence.
Under the OWRA, the owner of
any contaminant that may be
released near water and endanger
anything, human or animal, using
water, is liable for fines of up to
$200,000 a day and a year in jail.
The courts have rejected the
defence that the water into which a
contaminant was released was
already unfit.
Vogel told of one farmer who
had a manure spill following a
heavy rain and fish died in a nearby
At the grill
Brussels firefighters Murray Kellington, left and Brian
Deitner were busy cooking up rations of sausage and
bacon for the Father's Day breakfast on Sunday at the fire
hall. There was a good turnout to the event, the proceeds
of which are going to the fireworks for the 125th
Homecoming Celebration in August.
Father rescues children
A near-tragedy was averted when
a father was able to rescue his chil
dren from a sinking car off a Bay-
field pier, June 14.
Bradley Hymers, 32, of Clinton
left his 1992 Chev parked, facing
north on the pier along the south
shore marina, with the keys in the
ignition and his children in the back
seat.
The children, Brittany Hymers,
three, and Courtney Hymers, two,
put the vehicle in motion, causing it
to roll into the Bayfield River.
Bradley Hymers rescued the chil
dren from the car.
They were taken to Clinton Pub
lic Hospital with minor hypother
mia.
creek. The farmer argued due dili
gence because the tank was proper
ly constructed but the court rejected
the argument because the fanner’s
tank was near a stream and he
didn’t have proper management to
deal with overflows.
In such cases, Vogel said, if a
farm had an EFP and NMP, it
would help the farmer’s defence
that he had taken all reasonable
precautions.
Toombs said the number of com
plaints against farmers are likely to
increase as the rural, non-farm pop
ulation continues to swell.
OMAFRA now gets 700-800 com
plaints a year about farm practices.
Half of these are odour, noise and
dust related.
At the same time as more non
farmers have been moving into
rural areas, the size of livestock
operations has been increasing As
barns became bigger, farmers
turned to liquid manure for labour
saving, yet liquid manure causes
more complaints because of smell.
There has been a rising number
of complaints and the formation of
citizens’ groups concerned about
odours, the safety of their well
water and the enjoyment of their
lifestyle. Such groups have pres
sured some townships into adopt
ing bylaws that say “no swine
here”. These municipal councils are
just fulfilling their responsibilities
to their constituents, Toombs said,
even if the bylaws are an oveiTeac-
tion.
Such concerns have led to the
development of NMPs, Toombs
said. Despite the fact that storage of
liquid manure has become better,
allowing farmers to hold their
manure longer, problems persist
and the idea that if facilities don’t
solve the problem, management
can.
Caldwell said the new liquid
manure bylaws in Huron, which he
called the most intense issue he's
been involved with in 15 years, are
an outgrowth of the original bylaws
in 1982. Back then the issue was
odour, he said. Now the concern
seems to be with water quality. The
impetus for developing the new
bylaw came from Grey Twp.
Municipal politicians recognize
the importance of the livestock
industry and want to avoid a knee
jerk reaction but also recognize that
something has to be done. The
building boom in large one swine
and dairy bams is just the tip of the
iceberg, Caldwell said. The goal of
the municipalities is to have some
thing in place if even bigger live
stock operations come along as
they have elsewhere in North
America.
Most of Huron’s 16 townships
have adopted the model bylaw
developed by the planning depart
ment but four, Ashfield, Morris,
Stephen and Goderich, have
revised it slightly.
The plan calls for development of
an NMP by a consultant for facili
ties with 150 animal units of more
(150 milking cows, beef cows or
horses, 300 beef feeders, 750 sows,
600 feeder pigs, 3,000 weaner pigs,
18,750 laying hens or 30,000 broil
ers). Operations using dry manure
needn’t apply. Existing operations
are exempt and can expand by less
than 20 per cent per year and not
have to apply. The bylaw only
requires an NMP in order to get the
building permit and it doesn’t have
to be updated, Caldwell said,
though it would be in the best inter
est of the farmer to do so.
Caldwell was questioned about
the requirement for a consultant to
do the NMP (at a cost of about
$750) since many farmers already
do this themselves. “Municipalities
are saying that when there is a new
facility they want a third party to
look at the issue and make sure the
plan is sound,” he replied. “What
municipalities are looking for is
assurance the system works before
the building permit is issued.”
McKague said for a consultant
preparing an NMP, the emphasis is
on the ability of the crop to take up
nutrients, not the number of animal
units involved. The greatest con
cern in the nitrogen cycle, he said,
is when manure is applied to the
soil because that’s when there can
be accumulation or losses to air,
water and soil. “The goal is to keep
the nutrient level intact.”
The NMP begins with an on-site
review of the operation by the con
sultant which allows him/her to
characterize a current manure man
agement system, including how it
is taken to the field, applied and
spread, the type of manure and the
volume, the soil types in the field,
the crop rotations and th existing
fertility levels and to look at alter
native disposal methods.
From this visit, the consultant
develops recommendations on
spreading rates, timing of spreading
so the crop will take up the most
nitrogen, how to make best use of
the available nutrients and the min
imum acreage required for proper
uptake of the manure produced.
The consultant will also design
an action plan to prevent a spill and
a plan on what to do if one occurs.
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