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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Wingham Advance-Times, 1965-05-06, Page 5r 4 1 • Heat Balance in Farm Building Ventilation J. E. Turnbull, P. Eng. Engineering Specialist West, Ont. Agricultural School Farm operators have become aware of the advantages of good ventilation in livestock and poultry buildings. Unfor- tunately, however, many farm- ers have hopefully installed • exhaust fans, fresh -air inlets, and electrical controls as re- commended, only to find that the walls are still damp, the floor is still wet, and the ani- mals are still coughing. In other words, something went • • • 4 4 • • wrong! The answer to these special problems in controlled live- stock housing can usually be traced to a lack of 'heat bal- ance', The term 'heat balance' refers to the total supply of heat in a controlled -environ- ment farm building. Heat bal- ance is comparable to a bank balance; if you withdraw more 'money than you deposit, your bank balance goes 'into the red'. Similarly, if more heat is lost than the animals pro- duce, ventilation difficulties appear. This is what's involved in maintaining a heat balance, Animals (including birds) pro- duce both heat (measured in BTU's) and water vapor. A sur- plus of heat is necessary to make sure that all of thismois- ture evaporated from the ani- mals and their droppings stays in the air as water vapor. The purpose of the exhaust fans is to suck this warm, moisture - laden air from the building to carry off the water vapor as fast as it is produced by the stock. There is a catch, how- ever; each unit of air exhaust - FOR BETTER PROTECTION AGAINST BLACKLEG AND MALIGNANT EDEMA .. . CATTLEMEN PREFER THE FRANKLIN 2cc SMALL DOSE CCS BACTERIN Because of greater convenience and years of dependability, Franklin's CCS Bacterin provides immunity from Blackleg and Malignant Edema to more calves each year than any other brand. Franklin's dependable Clostridium Chauvei Septicum bacterin gives the strongest known immunity against these costly diseases. Why Take Chances? VANCE'SDRUG STORE YOUR COMPLETE ANIMAL HEALTH HEADQUARTERS ...5111010.1112111113111111.16. ed is immediately replaced by an equal amount of cold air from outside, passing through the inlets into the room, Heat is required to warm this enter- ing air up to a suitable room temperature. This is the major heat loss, Also, the building itself loses heat to the cold air outside by conduction through walls, ceiling, doors .and win- dows. The trick in maintaining a heat balance is to conserve enough animal heat gains to equal or exceed the heat losses by ventilation plus conduction, The colder it gets outside, the faster the building will lose heat, both by conduction and by ventilation. Colder weather therefore makes it harder to have a heat balance on hand. Colder weather also causes colder wall and ceiling sur- faces. These colder surfaces are more likely to cause moist- ure condensation, often the first indication of faulty venti- lation, What, then, is involved in maintaining a heat balance, even in very cold weather? First of all, minimize the heat losses as follows: 1. Insulate foundations, walls and ceilings with thick, inexpensive insulation mater- ials which have been shown to be durable and effective. In brooding buildings where floor temperatures must be high, don't overlook waterproof peri- meter --insulation around the floor to reduce heat loss to the cold soil outside the walls. 2. Don't over -ventilate. Use one small fan for adequate ventilation in cold weather, supplemented by one or more larger fans for the increased ventilation rates required in milder weather. Electrical con- trols for the fan system should be set-up to automatically con- trol ventilation rates according to animal moisture production inside, and the weather outside. Secondly, increase the heat gains, as follows: 1. Keep the building filled to capacity with livestock, if possible, In many situations, livestock which are good heat- Wfngham Advance -Times, Thursday, May 6, 1965 -Page SPEED UP YOUR FARM BUILDING PROJECTS MAITLAND REDI -MIX ASSURES SPEEDY DELIVERY OF UNIFORM HIGH QUALITY CONCRETE TO YOUR CONSTRUCTION SITE. TEESWATER 392-6881 or LISTOWEL 1455 producers (such as adult chick- ens and cattle) give off enough heat to make a heat balance. For example, if the number of cattle in a barn is increased, the ventilation rate will have to be raised to control mois- ture, but the heat balance sit- uation will be better in spite of the increased ventilation heat loss, In other words, you should expect a heat deficit in any building where the total animal weight is small in relation to the size of the building, such as in swine farrowing and fini- shing buildings. Pigs are poor heat producers. 2. Add supplementary heat to make up the heat deficit. In practice, supplementary heat can be supplied from a number of sources. Brooder stoves, electric space heaters, or heat lamps are frequently used. Even the milk cooler becomes a sup- plementary heat source for the milk room, where the heat from the condenser unit can be discharged inside the room. ACT NOW! SAVE TIME AND MONEY. Here is another Hodgins -McDonald Lumber farm building under construction. This 34' x 114' hog finishing barn is a precision building featuring en- gineered clear span trusses, guaranteeing years and years of service with low maintenance cost. This type of construction allows maximum floor space without the inconvenience of supporting posts and beams. Hodgins -McDonald Lumber will supply and con- struct all types of farm buildings, and every plan meets the specifications of the National Building Code of Farm Building Standards. Modern construction techniques allows for minimum on the spot construc- tion time and saves you money, too. Plywood gussets provide maximum strength at points of stress and increase the efficiency of clear span truss construction. Pre -assembled trusses are engineered to provide maximum building efficiency. Assembly time is minimum giving you a finishedbuilding when you need it. -FOR SATISFACTION AND SAVINGS LEAVE YOUR BUILDING PROBLEMS WITH HODGINS • McDONALD LUMBER NORTH STREET, WINGHAM THE NAME TO BUILD ON TELEPHONE 357 - 3654 Should Have Farm Shop For Necessary Repairs J. H. A. LEE Engineering Science Dept. Ont. Agricultural College Farming today is a highly mechanized operation and an essential part of this operation is the service, maintenance and repair of the field and farm- stead machinery. The centre of this activity should be the farm shop which should be pro- perly equipped, heated, and have sufficient space to meet the needs of the farm. Since field work must be carried on in good weather, it is essential to have a warm and dry shop in which machines can be repaired in wet weather and during the off-season. To prevent field breakdowns machines should be thoroughly checked over in the off-season and damaged or worn parts re- paired or replaced; also, all maintenance procedures should be carried out in accordance with the machine's instruction manual. The shop should have doors that are large enough to per- mit the entry of the largest piece of equipment used on the farm, and should have suf- ficient floor space for the ma- chine, a work area, a good bench and other shop equip- ment. To provide a solid and level base for jacking of heavy equipment and to keep the shop clean, it is desirable to have a concrete floor. The equipment required in the shop will depend upon the farming operation, the services that can be obtained from com- mercial shops, and the interest and ability of the farm opera- tor. A good selection of wren- ches and other hand tools must be available for adjustments and part replacement. An anvil or a heavy piece of steel is required for straightening parts and replacing knife sections. An air compressor is desirable for cleaning machines, espe- cially combines, and for infla- ting tires. An oxy-acetylene or arc welder is very useful, but some proficiency must be acquired in their use if satis- factory results are to be obtain- ed. An essential piece of equip- ment is a dry chemical type fire extinguisher, which is suit- able for extinguishing oil and grease fires. A pail of dry sand is also useful. Some spare nuts, bolts, lock washers, cotter keys, etc. , should be kept on hand, as well as paints for touching up worn or damaged areas, and a good rust preventative for keep- ing mouldboards, mower knives. etc. , from rusting when not in use. Major overhaul and the re- pair of more complex equip- ment is the job of the special- ists, but maintenance and some repair work must be done on the farm. Will Tidy up Surroundings LAKELET-The Green Thumbs held their second meeting at the Lakelet Women's Institute hall on Tuesday of last week. The meeting opened with the repeating of the pledge and the roll call, " Why I plan to grow a garden" was answered by thir- teen members. Plans were made for the next meeting to be held June 28 at the home of Mrs. Gordon Wright. Carol Anne Hohnstein and Louise McComb were appointed to obtain the green bristol board for record book covers. Mrs. Arnold Gadke discussed how to prepare the soil for planting the garden, how to plant and care for the garden, and the planting and care of flowers. The members were asked to plant their gardens and tidy up their home surroundings before the next meeting. 1958 3 . TON MERCURY SEE THIS FARM WORKHORSE WITH A SPECIAL SPRING PRICE AT McCLURE MOTORS LTD. DIAL 357.3760