The Rural Voice, 2004-09, Page 56errv_
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Woodlot
Management
assume are 12 or 15 years old, have
been discovered to be up to 100 years
old.
Species that are very intolerant of
shade (such as most poplar species,
white birch and red pine) often are
dependant on major disturbances to
regenerate themselves. A perfect
example is jack pine (another
northern species) that has evolved to
respond to forest fires. Jack pine
cones have a serotinous (sticky)
substance between the cone scales
that melts with the heat of the fire,
releasing seeds onto the newly
cleared seedbed after the fire passes
by..
Intolerant species tend to have
very rapid juvenile growth rates if
open conditions are created by a
disturbance. They don't tend to
reproduce in their own shade and
without a disturbance. more shade -
tolerant species would tend to take
over the site.
Of course there are as many
degrees of shade tolerance as there
are species. Species that are
intermediate in shade tolerance
include red, white and bur oak.
Sometimes tolerance varies within
a species depending on age and site.
White ash is fairly tolerant of shade
as a seedling, but becomes less
tolerant as it gets older. A number of
other species exhibit this trait. Silver
maple is apparently more shade -
tolerant on a productive site than it is
in a less fertile location.
The shade tolerance of a species
also impacts on their ability to
respond to a disturbance that gives
them more light. An example is red
and white pine, two species that are
often used for reforestation efforts in
southern Ontario. Red pine is not
tolerant of shade and if not thinned
on time will become quite
suppressed. After a certain point,
even if thinning is carried out, the
remaining trees will no longer have
the capacity to respond and will not
likely significantly increase their
growth rates again.
White pine is more shade -tolerant
and, while thinning is still important,
will be still be able to respond if