The Rural Voice, 1986-08, Page 55I
J
These buttresses were usually
shallow uprights but some were
triangular. Mediaeval cathedrals
had things called "flying but-
tresses" to support high walls up at
roof level. Today, big buildings
have steel skeleton-like frames to
which the exteriors are attached.
Otherwise there would be no
skyscrapers.
The Beam or Joist
Early builders discovered that a
beam or joist reaching across from
one point to another had to have
certain dimensions or it would sag
or break. If several joists placed
side by side cover an expanse it is
possible for them jointly to sup-
port a lot of weight above.
The Trestle
This is a modern engineering
feature which is a long span made
of a combination of planks and
many crosspieces that one can see
in arenas. They are relatively
lightweight and require no support
posts between the ends that would
obstruct a large floor area.
T
The Cantilever
The Cantilever
In many older buildings of solid
masonry the ceiling joists extend
beyond the outside walls at least
two feet. The roof rafters above
are attached to the projecting ends.
Thus, the weight of the roof
pushing down on the ends, forces
the centres of the joists upwards
and prevents them from sagging.
This is the same principle that
makes a teeter-totter work.
The Brace
This is a support always found
in bean frame buildings such as old
barns. Braces keep all corners of
walls square so that they stand up
straight.
Architecture is the study of the
elements of engineering as well as
the principles of good design.
James Anderson
Stratford -Perth Archives
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AUGUST 1986 53