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The Rural Voice, 1983-08, Page 11plans to make efficient use of existing technical knowledge and expertise and avoid the duplication of soil conservation programs. "A rediscovery in farming" was a phrase used by Tom Lane, Department of Land Resource Science, University of Guelph, who was the noon hour guest speaker. Lane says the 1952 Avon Valley Plan mentions conservation practices as a first step to find which part of the farm is best able to produce - - - to maintain fertility, re- build topsoil and protect waterways and gullies. It also says proper crop tillage should be used to make best use of available moisture. Cultural methods of farming to achieve this, he says, would be extended rotation, green cover crops and woodlot manage- ment. Mechanical methods would include drainage, terracing and grassed water- ways. "It'll take more than one, two or three years to sort out," Lane says. "Radical changes will take at least ten years time. Farm planning Is not new, but we do know more about residue tillage than we used to know. "Good farming is common sense," he says. "Improved production must be tied to the total farm operation. The farm must be re -organized to make better use of all its assets. "For a long time we had cheap energy, cheap fi el and continuous corn. We've learned, somewhat belatedly, this is not the best. We have to go back to the com- mon sense approach. "Rotation planting always was and always will be the key to improved crop production," Lane says. He also said that the biggest erosion problems are caused, not by steep topography, but by long, sloping inclines where there can be a tremendous volume and velocity of water. Bob Caldwell, Hyde Brothers Farm Equipment, demonstrated ridging on corn planted in 30" rows. OMAF's John Schleihauf says ridging is used to utilize the surface trash and to facilitate the crop residue In making humus. It helps create controlled compaction, he says, and in an eight -row system "75 per cent of the land has had no tractor tires on it." Ridging has its pros and cons; it's good for corn, says Schlelhauf, but he was not certain about its use in beans. "If there's a lot of flooding, it keeps the crop up. But the trash does not decompose as quickly in Ontario as it does in the U.S. We'll keep playing with the concept because we think it's solid." Rumblings from the farmers questioned the possibility of the corn roots being cut by the cultivator and "if you were running shy of moisture, you might have problems." Whatever we do in tillage practice, says Tony Vyn, University of Guelph, it is no substitute for crop rotation. There are substantial gains by shallow tillage and there's no advantage to plowing four to six inches. Secondary tillage in the spring should be about 2" in depth. Pat Lynch says there's nothing magical about good cropping practices: "Some crop rotation practices stink. You should have a four -five year rotation which should include one year of forage --- either red clover for seed or alfalfa. If you do that, then you are serious about your soil erosion problem. You can't grow wheat, barley, wheat - you'll get clobbered with disease. "Don't waste seed and fertilizer on the part of your fields you can't get a crop off," Lynch says. "It used to be all trees; maybe some of it should go back into trees." Carol Thompson, conservation agronomist for the District, says they were pleased with the turnout of over 190 people: "It wasn't just industry and government representatives - it was most- ly interested farmers." For more information on the Huron Soil Conservation District and its activities. contact Carol Thompson at 519-482-3428 or Box 159, Clinton, Ontario NOM 1LO. You don't have to be a scientist to know that crops that get adequate water do better than crops that don't. And yet, year after year, farms that invest time, dollars and hard work on a crop leave the yield to chance by waiting for the weather to irrigate their fields. An irrigation system from L.H. will not only increase your yield, but it will improve the crop quality and that all adds up to a higher return on that investment you make every year. Find out how an L.H. Irrigation System can make you money. LII Resource Management ao R.R. 3, Walton Ontario NOK 1I_0 (519) 887-9378 Imgation and liquid waste utilization systems THE RURAL VOICE, AUGUST 1983 PG. 9