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The Rural Voice, 1982-05, Page 21GUEST COLUMN Pian to reduce soil Toss by Bruce Shlllinglaw Soil losses from cultivated land in Huron County cost we farmers in several different ways. First as the productive top 6 inches of soil is lost the yield producing potential of the soil is reduced. Second; the top soil which is lost carries with it expensive fertilizer which we bought and paid for as well as the nutrients which are supplied from the natural break down of the soils parent material. The total cost of a yield potential loss, and nutrients losses as well as other problems with stands and emergencies can total $40.00- $45.00 per acre per year. Soil erosion is a naturally occurring process which cannot be stopped completely but we must reduce it to a level where we can substain an equilibrium which is about 3T of soil per ha. (2.7 ton/ac.) Knowing that the majority of soil losses from loam and clay soils occur in early spring after snow melts and before newly planted crops have emerged developing roots and top growth to protect and hold soil in place, we can develop a crop mix which will allow us to leave more residue on the soil, change our tillage practises and still not lose yield. Following are some methods that a number of Huron County farmers are using to conserve their soils. Change tillage and planting direction so we are planting and working across slopes. This may be a type of contour farming which helps to slow down water velocity and so reduce its erosion potential. (Ten to fifteen per cent reduction in soil losses are possible.) Install and maintain grass waterways where Targe amounts of water flow regularly. Change our tillage practices, such as chisel plow, grain stubble and bean land which leaves more residue on the soil surface to protect the soil from rains and sheet erosion. Another idea would be to take cover boards off the plow so more trash is left on the surface. (Forty to fifty per cent reduction in soil losses are possible.) Crops like spring grains and soyabeans may be able to be planted into land which had no fall tillage without experiencing a yield reduction. This likely would only work in certain crop sequences such as spring grains following soyabeans or white beans, soyabeans following sovabeans or spring grains. (Seventy to eighty per cent reductions in soil losses are possible.) Plant fall cover crops on land following crops such as white beans where no or little residue is left on the field. The installation of tile under drains can help reduce soil loss by allowing more water to be absorbed by the soil and removed slowly rather than have it flow over the surface and take top soil with it. A number of newer systems involving no -till crops will be tried this year under the supervision of the Huron County Soil and Crop Association. These trials hopefully will give us some new and economical practises to save our soils and still farm at a profit. Bruce Shlllinglaw, R.R. 1, Londesboro, is first vice- president of the Huron County Soil and Crop Improvement Association. / ` Ili 1r. , IlliMINIM e.aA. .i w • se _ • I IN LI;11 - - - "SUPREME" TOP OR BOTTOM UNLOAD Silos for haylage Silage and high moisture corn Manure pits any size Silo accessories CRONIN POURED CONCRETE SILOS LTD. R R 2. Staffs, Ontario NOK 1Y0 Dan Cronin 519-345-2676 Owner, Manager 519-345-2664 H. KUNTZ MANUFACTURING INC. Oates, Feeders & Equipment Ontario's Quality Green Line Made from high tensile steel tubing and "dip" painted to last years and years. All items mig welded for superior strength. Choke of spear or fork. Mount front or rear Ruined 8' dia. Feeds 1e heed. Also available In Tombstone Made from 1" Sq High Tensile $ eel tubing. Welded hanger ferrules and optional spring loaded latch g ve trouble-free service. Available to 20' lengths and weight 9'/7 lbs. per loot. H. Kuntz Manufacturing Inc. 46 Isabella St., St. Jacobs, Ontario (519) 664-2820 NOB 2Nu THE RURAL VOICE/MAY 1982 PG. 19