Farming '90, 1990-03-21, Page 27FARMING ‘90, WEDNESDAY, MARCH 21, 1990. Bll.
Farmers hear of 2 ways to test for nitrogen levels in soil
University of Guelph scientists
are still trying to find an accurate
way of testing for nitrogen in the soil,
Huron County farmers heard at a
Soil and Crop Conservation day in
Brussels March 7, but a U.S. farmer
claims to have used a machine that
will sense the nitrogen level while a
farmer works his field.
Dr. Eric Beauchamp of the
University of Guelph explained that
his team of scientists is on the verge
of developing a program to measure
nitrates in the soil but Terry
Schneider told the group of a
ntirogen sensor he had tested on his
farm that will measure nitrogen in
the soil 50 times a second as he drives
across the field.
Mr. Schneider, an Illinois farmer
w ho cash-crops 1600 acres of row
crops. said he tested a nitrogen
applicator-sensor on his farm for
several seasons and was amazed at
its capabilities. The sensor takes
readings from each tooth as it passes
through the soil and he claimed the
sensing was so sophisticiated that it
uld sense where alfalfa had been
grown in a field.
Mr. Schneider said his experience
was that the sensor, which can give
computer printouts of all soil
samples taken and their location in
the field, always increased the yields
and reduced the amount of nitrogen
that had to be applied. The machine
is costly at $12,000 U.S. but Mr.
Schneider said that one year the
machine would have paid for itself on
just 300 acres and another year on
500 acres.
Others in the audience were more
skeptical ofthepowersofthe wonder
machine. One knowledgeable
observer said later he had never
heard such glowing praise for the
machine in his reading about the
sensor. But Mr. Schneider said he
had had more experience than
anyone else who had used it, having
it on his farm longer.
Dr. Beauchamp saidthe talk of the
machine kind of made his discus
sion an anti-climax but he outlined
attempts to develop a workable
nitrate test for Ontario. Other tests
had been developed in dry-land
areas like the prairies but wouldn’t
work under Ontario condtions, he
said. One of the problems is that the
nitrate levels vary according to the
time of the year. Nitrogen levels are
lower in the spring and increase as
the soil warms up and plant material
in the soil begins to rot. It hits a high
in July then, as the corn begins rapid
growth and uses up the nitrogen, the
level drops, then picks up again in
thefall whenthecorn stops growing.
Levels of nitrogen carried over to the
next year can be surprisingly high,
he said.
The testing method is almost
ready to use, he said but the major
problem is the turnaround time in
the lab which, at a week might be too
long for farmers, especially when
the lab is flooded with samples when
all farmers are getting ready to
pre-apply nitrogen. His team would
like to develop a simple system that
would allow farmers to test for
nitrates right in their own kitchen, he
said.
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