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Thumlay/ September la, 1941 THE WINGFIAM ADVANCE-TIMES PAGE TWO
Wingham Advance-Times
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Authorized as SeCond Class
Mail Post Office Department,
Vol. 75—No, 3
BRITAIN'S EAST-WEST
`}LIFELINE"
The Empire's proposed new lifeline,
planned to link East and West Africa,
is an overland one. It will replace in
time of need the all-water British life-
line to India and the Far East through
the Mediterranean, Suez Canal and
Red Sea, which has become weakened
for use in time of war since Britain
decided'to take all military, forces out
of Egypt,
It wilf'reaell from. Nigeria on the At-
lantic coast to Kenya on the Indian
Ocean, and its eventual length is es-
timated at more than 4,000 miles.
More than a dozen countries and 50,-
000,000 people, ranging from spear car-
riers in the jungle to professional
groups in, modern cities, arc involved
in Great Britain's plan to co-ordinate
the economic development of its Af-'
rican holdings.
Economic planning is complicated
by the fact that British Africa is split
into a number of big and little seg-
ments. In the west, British Gambia,
the Gold Coast, Sierra Leone and
geria are widely spaced units along the
continent's "great-bulge" and the trus-
teeship of British Togoland adjoins the
Gold Coast while British Cameroons
is next to Nigeria.
In the east, Kenya, Uganda, and the
Tanganyika trusteeship, together with
Northern and Southern Rhodesia, Ny-
4Saland and Bechuanaland form a con-
tinuoas geographic bloc, but, they too
are governed as individual states and
are aeparated from other British pos-
aes'siorts, Between the main western
and .eastern divisions lit the huge cen-
tral areas of French Equatorial Africa
and the Belgian Congo,
The British eoloniea and 'former
mandates, now trusteeships under the
United Nations, are scattered over
east, west and south-central Africa,
The vast Anglo-Egyptian Sudan is ad-
IlliniStered jointly by Great Britain and
Egypt, The. solely British-held ter-
ritories have a combined area about
three-fourths that of the United States,
Resources available for development in
all of Great Britain's assorted African
holdings are as varied as their terrain
and peoples, * .a
ATOMIC WAR RACE
EXTINCTION
Dr. H, J, Muller, professor of zo-
ology at the University of Indiana,
who last year was awarded the Nobel
prize in medicine and physiology for
his researches proving that gene mu-
tations can be produced by X-rays,
says dangerous radiations from atomic
bombs will affect adversely the human
gene system (body mechanism by
which inheritance factors are transmitt-
ed to the next generation , Persistent
and world-wide misuse of atomic en-
ergy can cause ultimate extinction of
the human race.
By planting delayed action "time.
bombs" in the germ cells of future par-
ents who survive repeated atomic bomb,
explosions, the microscopic- sized
genes that make a human being what
he is may be mutated in harmful ways.
These changes, he observed, "must
cause the dying out of one of the de-
scendant individuals that carries harm-
ful mutations, either through his direct
death, in consequence of it, or through
his failure to reproduce—in either ease
his genetic "death".
Such mutations, he observed, would
be scattered over many future gener-
ations, but not so drastically as to of-'
feet any single generation. If, how-
ever he added,' the exposure to the
radiation (atomic bomb) were repeated
in the same way, generation after gen-
CIGARS
SMOKERS'
SUNDRIES
MAGAZINES ,
Haselgrove's
SMOKE slim,
eration, "it could in time destroy the
human gene system beyond recovery",
*
BOON FROM ATOM
Radio-isotopes have been released
for export by the United States and
Canada has its own source of supply of
these mysterious radioactive atoms, in
the atomic energy plant at Chalk Riv-
er, Ontario. Their use will open up
whole new areas of medical and biol-
ogical research, penetrating, in the
words of Dr. C. J. MacKenzie, Presi-
dent of tht National Research Council,
to the very secrets of life itself.
These amazing particles have been
aptly termed, "atoms with a tail-light,"
They are actually atoms of various sub-
stances, such as copper, iron, calcium,
antimony, sulphur, and about twtnty-
five others, which being made radio-
active, may be traced. Thus, if in-
troduced into the human body, or pick-
ed up by an• animal or plant, their
movements may be followed. Thus the
use the body makes of certain drugs
and nutritious minerals may be tested,
and it is expected that much will be
learned that so far is shrouded in mys-
tery.
These mtr.inade substances cantalso
be used for healing purposes and the
future may hold many marvellotts
cures for so-called incurable diseases
from the use 0f radio-isotopes. The
beneficent possibilitits inherens in
radio-isotopes has yet to be fully dis-
covered and exploited. The use of
them has been termed the most impor-
tant tool of 'research since the inven-
tion of the misroseope„and it can read-
ily be seen that to be able to send spe-
elfleatonts with specific properties on
informative errands will greatly enlarge
tht boundaries of knowledge beyond
present comprehension, Out of the
terror of atomic bombs has come forth
healing. May man be wise enough
and strong enough to master the evil
Powers and only make use of the aids
to a better life,
* a *
131(1-i13114'S MIDQ.RMTASTTERN:
Recently, peasant farmers in an iso-
lated valley south of the ancient city
of Sian, in West China's remote Shensi
Province, watched with 'idle curiosity
while an inquisitive airplane hovered
over their great "sky mountain," These
humble laborers couldn't knoW that
within a few days experts all over the
world would thrill to the news that
Col., Maurice Shehan, Far Eastern di-
rector of Howard „ Hughes' Trans
World Airlines, had discovered pyra-
mids in China that "could be older and
bigger than those in Egypt,"
Many small pyramids extend over a
100-mile stretch, according to Col. She-
hart, but two giants stand out and
dwarf the others, The larger of these
is estimated ,to be 1,000 feet high and
1,500 feet on each side. For tens of
centuries the great pyramids of Egypt
have- been a wonder of the world, but
the great pyramids of Shensi have been
to the peasants nothing more than the
hallowed sleeping place of ancestors.
So it is left to the outside world to
wonder, and perhaps to discover what
great emperor or other high potentate
rests beneath these ancient shrines
which may be anywhere from 2;500 to
4,000 years old.
* * *
PESSIMISTIC- REPORT
OF WORLD CONDITIONS.
Trygve Lie, Secretary-General of the
United Nations gave a generally pes-
simistic report recently, on the world
political situation for the. past twelve
Months, but lie could see no prospects
of war. In his annual report to the
United Natioss General Assembly, he
declared, "I do not believe that this
present world•situation is as threaten-
lie also said, "I am convinced that no
responsible statesman in any country
ing as it is often made out to, be." and
can, or does, contemplate the prospect
of war."
Lie noted that the United Nations
organs have held 1,911 meetings in ef-
forts to solve the complex problems of
the world, and he added, "the devel-
opments of the year have revealed cer-
tain disturbing tendencies. In a num-
ber of instances in which a decision
was taken on a general principle has
been delayed or frustrated by the un-
willingness of governments to take the
necessary steps,, or by their inability to
!agree on practical measures for execu-
tion."
I,referring to the fact that the main
peace treaties still remain undrafted
and unsigned, 'and that no agreement
'has yet been reached even on dome 'of
their fundamental principles, Lie ap-
pealed to the 55 'member countries for
"a more general' effort to 'explore and
resolve the fears and ,conflicting inter-
ests which are at the root of our dif-
ficulties." And he added that events
have shown that the treaty differences
are "part of a larger political complex
which operates to delay and frustrate
this endeavour as it has operated in'
some affairs of the United Nations."
Lie specifically mentioned atomic
energy, arms reduction and Franco
Spain, On the first two points, where
Russia has consisteittly opposed the
majority, he said: "The Atomic Ener-
gy Commission has worked hard and
made some progress, but the complex-
ity of the problem still presents many
points of disagreement and delay. The
commission on conventional armaments
(arms reduction) has made little pro-
gress beyond the -adoption of a general
plan of work. Thus the two most
significant resolutions , of the general
assembly still require positive imple-
mentation." ',Referring to Franco
Spain, he said,"The problem of Fran-
co Spain cannot yet the said to be sat-
isfactorily resolved in the spirit of the
resolution passed by the general as-
sembly."
The Secretary-General also mention-
ed the Marshall plan and declared that
"important discussions still are in pro-
gress with regard to the economic pro-
blems of Europe and their relation to
assistance from the United States." In
conclusion he said, "The United Na-
tions has made great strides in setting
up international machinery for the
handling of world political, economic
and social problems, It now is pos.
sible to say that, with the co-operation
of member governments, the United
Nations is equipped to undertake re-
sponsibility for the handling of prob-
lems in these fields,"
WEEKLY THOUGHT
Roadhogs evolve from meek human
beings. The' automobile is a great
equalizer, The man who IS five feet
four is just as powerful behind the
wheel of a big ear as the man who 'is
six feet four. And a woman driver
possessei a machine 'which makes up
for any of man's fancied physical or
psychological stmeriorities. It's the
rebellion of the weaker one against the'
stronger,
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* *
KNOW WINGHAM •
Carling Terrace is Witighairi's most
easterly street. It has a pretty and
comtna,nding iodation on the crest of
the "13ig with Many pretty scenes
presented to the eye fit every direction,
It is Wellakttown as the site of the
Wingham High School, the Wingluon
General HOSpital, the Roman Catholic
Church and the "Stand Noe.