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HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Wingham Advance-Times, 1943-07-29, Page 5SERVICES HAVE FIRST CALL ON DYE SUPPLIES The many analogies that can be drawn between this war and the last often tempt us to forget the differ- ences, This is true from the industrial 'as well as the military point' of view and especially is it apparent when we consider the question of dyestuffs, Memories of the bitter dyestuffs famide that plagued the Allied coun- tries in the last war, when German imports ;upon which we almost en- tirely replied were cut off, still llama us, with the result that runtourS of an impending or actual shortage in dyestuffs are today only totteasily be- lieved. The answers given to these rumours by Betty Bruce in an article entitled "Colourful Years", appearing in the OVAL, will be of interest to women all , oyet, Canada, Ifete are .some of the heartening facts concern- ing dyestuffs marshalled by the author, In 1.914 Canada depended upon Germany for 90% of her dyestuffs. Today her needs are entirely satis- fied by dyestuffs industriics establish- ed in Great Britain and the Milted States between the years 1919 and 1939, This record is the more remark- able in that standards for dyestuffs are much higher today than they were in Great War days and the quality of the dyestuffs produced by the ljnited Nations is second to none. To the civilian this means that life has not lost, in this fourth year of the war, the decorative values imparted to It through improvements hi modern dyes, bespite some restriction and rationing in dyestuffs, his lot is measttrably better than it Wrta hi. the Great War and younger generations of Canadians 'can hardly realize just ItOW tbaildtil' they should to ior the CANA 41MINE,ERS MOW LO GIN RCH With the Canadian flag flying above them, children of a villog Ma southern English county go to attend their first Sunday sehoe class in a church which was built -from the ruins of a blitzed chuck by salvers of the Rosral Canadian Engineers. es, shoes, all sorts of textiles, like dependable colours used to dye cloth- bedspreads and drapes, Upholstery, soaps, leathers, plastics, book binctings, umbrellas, pottery, paper and all the little dye-fast appointments that giVe a "lift" to daily routine. From the military point of view this means self-sufficiency for the United Nations in the highest quality dyes. The importance of this cannot be over-emphasized. Poorly dyed khaki fades to a yeljoifish•white—one of the most conspicuous of all colors—thus defeating the primary purpose of the khaki color, which is concealment and camouflage. Today, thanks to the de- velopment of anthraquinone vat dyes, the military equipment of the United Nations holds its color despite hell and high water. So fast are thee United States and British manufactur- ed dyes that they will withstand years of service under all color-destroying conditions usually encountered, cuch as exposure to sunlight, repeated washings with or without bleaches, perspiration and hard wear and soiling. The civilian, of course, does not en- joy as complete a freedom from want in the matter of dyestuffs as he did before the 'outbreak of the present war, and admittedly the range of shades available is somewhat restricted. This is the result, however, not of a short- age of supplies, but of Canada's gen- eral plan to simplify manufacturing processes and conserve manpower. The fact that only so much labour is available for dyeing civilian goods also has been a factor in restricting luxury shades. Imperfect color conditions may be encountered in certain goods in which cheapness is the prime consideration or which have hitherto been imported and now are made here experimental- ly for the first time. This is largely due to the manufacturer's unfamiliar- ity with the new processes rather than to any defects in the time-tried and standarized dyestuffs available. Another point that will not escape the attention of women today is that the cost of dyestuffs has not jumped with the high cost of living, for, over a period of 25 years, the average price of dyestuffs has been reduced approxi- mately 50 per cent.—and this in spite of the fact that the higher-priced colors were used in far greater volume in 1940 than in 1920, It was the peacetime research and development of the dyestuffs industry that enabled it to meet the tremendous • wartime demands of the United Na- tions and made it possible, for ex- ample, for one large dyestuffs manu- facturer to produce in 1941 sixteen and one half times as much fast khaki dye as the total 1939 output, A glance at the extensive research that the dye- stuffs 'industry has had to undertake in order to keep in step with the complicated demands of modern in- dustrial life is not without interest. Though our love of color remains constant, modern dyeing processes, highly complicated and exacting at all times, have had to change constantly to meet fashion's whims in new weav- es and finishes. A simple thing, such as the use of a new crease-resisting agent, might corhmit the dyemakers to another bout of research and experi- Ment. Think of the problem put in their laps when textile manufacturers produced the new synthetic fibres like rayon, celanese and nylon, each of which is affinitive to its ow.n special dyes. Nor did the dyemakers' troub- les ceased when these forumlae had, been worked out, for then the textile men took to weaving admixtures of the classic fibres, like cotton, wool, silk and linen, with the synthetics. Dyemakers have even had to attempt to forecast future style`trends of serv- ice clothes, both military and civilian, So that balanced dyestuffs production could be planned years in advance, 1IRALT1 Xa Z GUE 07 OA 1111.41..DA SOY BEANS AS A MEAT SUBSTITUTE Now that our meat is rationed we will have to learn the foods that can take its place,. Soy beans are very high in • protein, almost one-third is protein, and because it is a complete protein soy beans can take the place of meat. Besides being at excellent source of protein they are high in fat, low in carbohydrate and are a good source of thiamin, riboflavin, iron and phosphorous. Five thousand years ago their pro- duction in the east was an important industry and they were used chiefly as a Meat substitute, Now that soy beans .are being grown in Ontario and the United States we should make .a habit of using them in our diets. All commercially grown soy beans are not edible but the "varieties on the market for food consumption are edible. The dried beans Should be soaked overnight 'or for 24 hours when we use them as a. meat substitute, .0061c them. as ,you would haw, They . , have a nut-like flavour. Try this recipe, I think you will find it delicious as well as nutritious. Soy Bean Casserole 1 cup soy beans 1 onion 1 green pepper 2 cups canned tomato soup, diluted half strength 2 - 3 strips bacon Soak soy beans 24 hours or °veil-- night. Simmer in gaited water, Chop one onion and one green pepper fine- ly. Place itt layers in a easserole, the cooked beans, then the chopped onion and green pepper and sprinkle with salt and pepper. Continue adding the beans, onion and, pepper in this man- ner until the dish is nearly full. our over this g cups of canned tomato soup slightly diluted, depending on the size of the casserole, If you can spare it cot two or three Strip,g..of breakfast baton into, Intl squares and lay..,on top, take in a moderate oven for 41 minutes, This will serve five people, I Thursday July 29th, 1943 W1NGHAU ADVANCM-TI10$ 1........1111000101110 Country Editor Shows -How ,Socialism Leads to Dictatorship Two-Minute Talks on Socialism (C.C.F.) by George James, Editor Canadian Statesman, Bowmanville Who Will Control The Controllers? In or last talk we apked. "Who will control the controllers'?" One of the great strengths of democracy has. been that it sought to leave each man to lead his own life as free as possible from outside interference,, Govern- ment or otherwise. The one limitation on th4 individ- ual has always been that the exercise of his' freedom must not interfere with the freednm of others. As life has grown more complicated, the danger of one man's freedom interfering with that of another' has increased, and we have found it necessary for the State, which represents all the people, tp exercise more and more control, even in peacetime. Supporters of the , individualist system recognize this. To ensure that the exercise of power by any indiVid- , ital. shall not be excessive, the State, representing all classes, niaintains itself in the position, of judge, con- troller, regulator, arbitrator, and, in the main, it confines' itself to these roles. It does, of course, supply num- erous public services such as non-competitive natural monopolies, notably water and light, but it has ex- panded its economic activities gradually and has been content to act in the main as the regulator and not the mainspring, AN IMPORTANT QUESTION What will happen if it steps out in a big' way to operate virtually everything ..itself. If the regulator becomes the mainspring, then who regulates? The answer can be got quite clearly by looking at Germany and Italy. In these countries, once the political power began to operate the economic machine it at once be- came clear that complete regimentation was nece,ssary, with the necessary force behind to make sure that the decrees of the dictatorial power Were carried out, _The question of controlling the controllers here, of course, never even arose—who could regulate or cOntrol the supreme power in the State? Once the. regulator be- comes the mainspring then the mainspring has nothing to regulate it. - This Seems so clear that one wonders why the Socialists do not see it. They do, in fact, see that there is a probkem and try to answer it, but being unversed in the practical working of Government their answer is entirely impractical and unrealistic. They fall back on such statements as "The principle of Cabinet respont sibility or ultimate democratic control must be retained . in the running of State industry." But any one who will reflect on the way Government is carried on will , realize that "ultimate democratic control" must be en- tirely confined to principles and policies and' cannot possibly have to do with the .details of day-to-day business. In other words, a few men comprising a Committee of Parliament (the Cabinet) must make all the day-to-day decisions. BUDGET AS AN EXAMPLE Take as an illustration the budget. We all know that in -practice (and it is the only practical way) the Minister of Finance and his expert assistants prepare the budget, that it is approved by the Cabinet, and then goes before the Parliament, where the Government majority puts it through. Under the socialist plan, in- stead of the Government confining itself in the main to regulate measures to direct and control other people, it will be carrying on the great bulk of the nation's business itself, and to suggest that there will be "ultimate democratic control" is merely playing with words. Frankly, the situation is that a few men, with- out any one to control them, will run the whole show. There will be no one to control the controllers, and remember that the proposed controllers almost cer- tainly will • be men without any practical experience in affairs. And yet they are ready to assume responsibil- ities from which competent men with a lifetime of train- ing and experience would shrink. How Socialism Affects The Farmer In this talk we shall (gal with socialism as it would • affect farmers. After stating that the major proposal of socialism is the public' ownership and operation of such things as banking, railways, flour mills, pulp and paper, heavy chemidals, the Research Committee of the League for Social Reconstruction, in its book, "Democ- racy Needs Socialism," says: "Agriculture, retail trade industries which are really competitive, and small businesses will probably continue for some time to be privately 'owned, although, ,their output and itp distri- bution will be related to the national plan." It will be cold comfort to the farmer who wishes to have some control over his own, affairs to be told that "probably"—not certainly--he will be left in control of his own land. It will be still colder comfort to have the words "for some time" added. There is, however, one certainty—that is, "output and its distribution will be related to the national plan." " PART OF CONTROLLED SYSTEM What is meant by the phrase "related to the national plan"? It means, of course, that it will be part of a cOntrolled system. It could not be otherwise, because the final objective of socialism, is the control of pro- duction and, distribution. In other, words, the farmer may continue to produce but the Government will look after the business end by taking over and controlling the distribution,of his products. All this is to be done whether the individual farmer likes it dr not. , It is obvious that this totally disregards what becomes of tke farmer's independence and personality as a factor in the life of the country. MEANS CHECK ON PRODUCTION , There is another point in this type of control which should not be overlooked. 4 the bureaucracy is to know' what a farmer is doing with his products, and is to make sure he places all his production at the dis- posal of the Government agencies, as indicatcl by "Democracy Needs Socialism", it will be necessary to check every farmer's production and prevent him cer- cumventing the Government's arrangements for dis- posing of it. The "Gestapo" methods which will neces- sarily have to be used can be left to the imagination. . 'The Socialists, of course, viTuld question this. ,• Mr. T. C. Douglas, Deputy Leader of the C.C.F., for ex- ample, would put it differently. He would say that the Socialist plan means giving workers,, farmers, trade unionists, consumers, a real voice in managing their own affairs. The C.C.F., he says, will establish a plan- ned economy, but an economy planned and controlled by the people for the people. Commenting on this, Mr. Bruce Hutchison, the well-known and widely travelled student of 'public affairs and a close observer of politics, writing in the Vancouver Sun, says: "Whether a C.C.F. bureaucraey would be efficient, would represent only the people and remain above reproach, or whether any bureaucracy will soon become a force uncontrollable by the people and determined to control the people, is a matter of opinion. But it is only childish' to say that Governments can control an economy without a bureau- cracy or operate without tools." PLENTY OF EVIDENCE Mr. Hutchison might have gone further and said that in the last few years in Germany and elsewhere we have had convincing evidence of what happens when Governments undertake to control economic life. No one who understands that Governments must govern can be deluded by any vague suggestion that there can be direct control from the bottom except on broad, long-range matters of principle and policy. The day-to-day decisions must be arrived at by the few and carried out by them through the steadily in- creasing power of a huge and growing bureaucracy. We have already in wartime a foretaste of what that will mean, and we endure it as of necessity in war- time, however much We dislike it. But we should remember that what we have now is a foretaste only of the regimentation, and control which we shall have to endure in peacetime if the Socialists have their way. the juice is kept hot, bottles may be filled, to within one inch of the top Of the bottle. If bottles are ftised, sterilize caps in boiling water for 5 minutes before use, but not long en- ough to cause cork to bulge, Alum- inum or Archnient spotted caps do not require this treatinent. Cook hot- 'ties on their sides for 10 minutes ih boiling water, Quart sealers should receive 20 minutes eooking, The juice considered to this point is pure tomato suitable for feeding to babies instead of orange juice, If it is to be used by adults as a before- breakfast drink or a cocktail, it is int- proved by the addition of salt at the rate d one level teaspoonful to ,each gallon of juice.. , When a Man charged with being immtleated told the judge that he had not purchased the liquor, but, that a Scot had given it to hitn, he was sent- enced to ,thirty days for 'petiary, How Socialism Affects The Trade Unionist There should be no doubt in the mind of any trade unionist what will happen, to trade unions, in the fully planned economy contemplated by the Socialists, in which, as pointed out in our first talk, they propose to take over and operate practically the whole means of production and distribution. What will happen is not ,a matter of conjecture. We have clear and striking evidence from Germany,* Italy, and labor elsewhere. What happens is that under the fully planned econgimy the supreme authority, which is also the supreme employer, cannot tolerate any opposition among its employees, and, therefore, it cannot tolerate any inde- pendent employees' organizations, That is why in Germany it was inevitable that the Nazis should stamp out trade unions, which they did promptly, completely and ruthlessly—within six months of coming into power. SOME IN ITALY In Italy it took longer. The outlawing of the trade unions was not complete until 1925, three years after the Fascists came into power... There are, indeed, still tame trade unions in Italy—how tame may be indicated by the 'fact that under the law no trade union official can be elected to office in the union without the consent of high Fascist officials. This makes it clear that the trade union continues to* exist in name only. Indeed under the Fascist state the trade union becomes merely a propagandist and administrative organization under the' direction and dictation of the Government. How could it be otherwise? Tirade unions exist to assert and maintain the rights of employees in any negotiation with employers. When, there arises an irreconcilable difference it becomes necessary to have recourse to a higher authority, namely: the will of all the' people as expressed \through Government. This superior will can harmonize and adjust differences when they arise between employer and employee. But what happens when the higher power takes over the property of the employers and itself becomes the virtually uni- versal employer? It is perfectly evident to any one who will ponder the facts that when this happens trade, unionism is doomed. Its final disappearance may per- haps be somewhat delayed, but is nevertheless in- evitable. Let us .look at the plain facts. Under socialism the trade union no longer deals with the individual employer who is subject to the higher authority of the State, but it deals with the State itself, the supreme authority. In 'these circumstances any negotiation between the trade union and the new employer would be like the negotiation between the fly and the spider. BENEFIT BY EXPERIENCE With the experience of Germany and Italy before us, it ought not to be necessary to labor this point further. Surely it is clear that when socialism steps in at the front door trade unionism goes out,, by the back. The union may continue to drag out a shadowy and useless existence as a tool subservient to the Government, like the case of trade unionism in Italy already mentioned, but that is all. It would 'be well for trade unionists to ponder these things, and to stop, look and listen before they court the fate of the trade unions, in Germany and Italy. While no one suggests that in this country they would be put down in the ruthless and brutal fashion employed in Europe, nevertheless under socialism the trade union as understood in this or any other democracy could not continue to exist. Its disappearance would be the logical outcome of the fully planned economy, and experience in other. countries has shown that it would be folly to expect anything else. HOME PROCESSING TOMATO JUICE Tomatoes rank high as a practital Canadian, source of vitamin C, Chemi- cal analyses of tomato juice processed , by a large nuinber dl houseWives iti the Okanagan Valley of British Col- umbia revealed that 66 per cent of the samples contained sufficient vitamin C to be classed as "excellent". X E. Atkinson and C. C. 8 raehan of the Dantinion gxperimetual Station, Summerland, B.C., say that where home processed juice fails to retain adeqttate quantities of Vitamin 8 the cause may be (1) the failure to heat the juice to almost boiling (190' to 212° P,) beforb extraetion; '(2) failure to fill the; warn. bottles with juice While it is praetioally boiling; and (3) failure to fill the bottles to within brie 114 of the top of the neck, The pro tess that is reeotrunehded for use in theliOrne Is at f011OW4l4.k. Thoroughly vine-ripened tomatoes are stemmed and cored, The fruit is slightly pulped and placed on the stove in a covered kettle, then heated to boiling. As 'many tomatoes are placed in the kettle at the commence- meat of this step as possible in order to exclude the. air and prevent des- truction of vitamin C. After the pulp has boiled 4 to .5 minutes; it is ready to be passed through a sieve to re move the skin and seeds. At this point, the necessity of haste cannot be over-emphasized as the , juice will lose much of its Vitamin value if exposed to the air. If the juice is kept near the boiling point the vapour given off .during the extracting will keep the air away front the product. The extracted juice should be re- turned to the kettle and brought just to boiling, At the same time have en- ough sealert or bottles being kept hot in the oven, 1.111 these with juice, seal, and place In bQiUigwater, MAKE IT A CLEAN SWEEP--VOTE FOR THE PROGRESSIVE CONSERVATIVE CANDIDATE The Drew 22-Point —Programme ' Ensures Social Advancement of all Classes Along Sane Lines Published by Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario