HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Wingham Advance-Times, 1943-07-29, Page 5SERVICES HAVE
FIRST CALL ON
DYE SUPPLIES
The many analogies that can be
drawn between this war and the last
often tempt us to forget the differ-
ences, This is true from the industrial
'as well as the military point' of view
and especially is it apparent when we
consider the question of dyestuffs,
Memories of the bitter dyestuffs
famide that plagued the Allied coun-
tries in the last war, when German
imports ;upon which we almost en-
tirely replied were cut off, still llama
us, with the result that runtourS of
an impending or actual shortage in
dyestuffs are today only totteasily be-
lieved.
The answers given to these rumours
by Betty Bruce in an article entitled
"Colourful Years", appearing in the
OVAL, will be of interest to
women all , oyet, Canada, Ifete are
.some of the heartening facts concern-
ing dyestuffs marshalled by the
author,
In 1.914 Canada depended upon
Germany for 90% of her dyestuffs.
Today her needs are entirely satis-
fied by dyestuffs industriics establish-
ed in Great Britain and the Milted
States between the years 1919 and
1939, This record is the more remark-
able in that standards for dyestuffs
are much higher today than they were
in Great War days and the quality of
the dyestuffs produced by the ljnited
Nations is second to none.
To the civilian this means that life
has not lost, in this fourth year of the
war, the decorative values imparted to
It through improvements hi modern
dyes, bespite some restriction and
rationing in dyestuffs, his lot is
measttrably better than it Wrta hi. the
Great War and younger generations
of Canadians 'can hardly realize just
ItOW tbaildtil' they should to ior the
CANA 41MINE,ERS MOW LO GIN RCH
With the Canadian flag flying above them, children of a villog
Ma southern English county go to attend their first Sunday sehoe class in a church which was built -from the ruins of a blitzed chuck
by salvers of the Rosral Canadian Engineers.
es, shoes, all sorts of textiles, like
dependable colours used to dye cloth-
bedspreads and drapes, Upholstery,
soaps, leathers, plastics, book binctings,
umbrellas, pottery, paper and all the
little dye-fast appointments that giVe
a "lift" to daily routine.
From the military point of view this
means self-sufficiency for the United
Nations in the highest quality dyes.
The importance of this cannot be
over-emphasized. Poorly dyed khaki
fades to a yeljoifish•white—one of the
most conspicuous of all colors—thus
defeating the primary purpose of the
khaki color, which is concealment and
camouflage. Today, thanks to the de-
velopment of anthraquinone vat dyes,
the military equipment of the United
Nations holds its color despite hell
and high water. So fast are thee
United States and British manufactur-
ed dyes that they will withstand years
of service under all color-destroying
conditions usually encountered, cuch
as exposure to sunlight, repeated
washings with or without bleaches,
perspiration and hard wear and soiling.
The civilian, of course, does not en-
joy as complete a freedom from want
in the matter of dyestuffs as he did
before the 'outbreak of the present war,
and admittedly the range of shades
available is somewhat restricted. This
is the result, however, not of a short-
age of supplies, but of Canada's gen-
eral plan to simplify manufacturing
processes and conserve manpower.
The fact that only so much labour is
available for dyeing civilian goods
also has been a factor in restricting
luxury shades.
Imperfect color conditions may be
encountered in certain goods in which
cheapness is the prime consideration
or which have hitherto been imported
and now are made here experimental-
ly for the first time. This is largely
due to the manufacturer's unfamiliar-
ity with the new processes rather
than to any defects in the time-tried
and standarized dyestuffs available.
Another point that will not escape
the attention of women today is that
the cost of dyestuffs has not jumped
with the high cost of living, for, over
a period of 25 years, the average price
of dyestuffs has been reduced approxi-
mately 50 per cent.—and this in spite
of the fact that the higher-priced
colors were used in far greater volume
in 1940 than in 1920,
It was the peacetime research and
development of the dyestuffs industry
that enabled it to meet the tremendous •
wartime demands of the United Na-
tions and made it possible, for ex-
ample, for one large dyestuffs manu-
facturer to produce in 1941 sixteen and
one half times as much fast khaki dye
as the total 1939 output, A glance
at the extensive research that the dye-
stuffs 'industry has had to undertake
in order to keep in step with the
complicated demands of modern in-
dustrial life is not without interest.
Though our love of color remains
constant, modern dyeing processes,
highly complicated and exacting at all
times, have had to change constantly
to meet fashion's whims in new weav-
es and finishes. A simple thing, such
as the use of a new crease-resisting
agent, might corhmit the dyemakers to
another bout of research and experi-
Ment. Think of the problem put in
their laps when textile manufacturers
produced the new synthetic fibres like
rayon, celanese and nylon, each of
which is affinitive to its ow.n special
dyes. Nor did the dyemakers' troub-
les ceased when these forumlae had,
been worked out, for then the textile
men took to weaving admixtures of
the classic fibres, like cotton, wool,
silk and linen, with the synthetics.
Dyemakers have even had to attempt
to forecast future style`trends of serv-
ice clothes, both military and civilian,
So that balanced dyestuffs production
could be planned years in advance,
1IRALT1 Xa Z GUE 07 OA 1111.41..DA
SOY BEANS AS A MEAT
SUBSTITUTE
Now that our meat is rationed we
will have to learn the foods that can
take its place,. Soy beans are very
high in • protein, almost one-third is
protein, and because it is a complete
protein soy beans can take the place
of meat. Besides being at excellent
source of protein they are high in fat,
low in carbohydrate and are a good
source of thiamin, riboflavin, iron and
phosphorous.
Five thousand years ago their pro-
duction in the east was an important
industry and they were used chiefly
as a Meat substitute, Now that soy
beans .are being grown in Ontario and
the United States we should make .a
habit of using them in our diets. All
commercially grown soy beans are not
edible but the "varieties on the market
for food consumption are edible.
The dried beans Should be soaked
overnight 'or for 24 hours when we
use them as a. meat substitute, .0061c
them. as ,you would haw, They . ,
have a nut-like flavour. Try this
recipe, I think you will find it delicious
as well as nutritious.
Soy Bean Casserole
1 cup soy beans
1 onion
1 green pepper
2 cups canned tomato soup,
diluted half strength
2 - 3 strips bacon
Soak soy beans 24 hours or °veil--
night. Simmer in gaited water, Chop
one onion and one green pepper fine-
ly. Place itt layers in a easserole, the
cooked beans, then the chopped onion
and green pepper and sprinkle with
salt and pepper. Continue adding the
beans, onion and, pepper in this man-
ner until the dish is nearly full. our
over this g cups of canned tomato
soup slightly diluted, depending on
the size of the casserole, If you can
spare it cot two or three Strip,g..of
breakfast baton into, Intl squares and
lay..,on top, take in a moderate oven
for 41 minutes, This will serve five
people,
I
Thursday July 29th, 1943 W1NGHAU ADVANCM-TI10$
1........1111000101110
Country Editor Shows -How ,Socialism
Leads to Dictatorship
Two-Minute Talks on Socialism (C.C.F.) by George James, Editor Canadian Statesman, Bowmanville
Who Will Control
The Controllers?
In or last talk we apked. "Who will control the
controllers'?"
One of the great strengths of democracy has. been
that it sought to leave each man to lead his own life
as free as possible from outside interference,, Govern-
ment or otherwise. The one limitation on th4 individ-
ual has always been that the exercise of his' freedom
must not interfere with the freednm of others. As
life has grown more complicated, the danger of one
man's freedom interfering with that of another' has
increased, and we have found it necessary for the State,
which represents all the people, tp exercise more and
more control, even in peacetime. Supporters of the
, individualist system recognize this.
To ensure that the exercise of power by any indiVid-
, ital. shall not be excessive, the State, representing all
classes, niaintains itself in the position, of judge, con-
troller, regulator, arbitrator, and, in the main, it confines'
itself to these roles. It does, of course, supply num-
erous public services such as non-competitive natural
monopolies, notably water and light, but it has ex-
panded its economic activities gradually and has been
content to act in the main as the regulator and not
the mainspring,
AN IMPORTANT QUESTION
What will happen if it steps out in a big' way to
operate virtually everything ..itself. If the regulator
becomes the mainspring, then who regulates? The
answer can be got quite clearly by looking at Germany
and Italy. In these countries, once the political power
began to operate the economic machine it at once be-
came clear that complete regimentation was nece,ssary,
with the necessary force behind to make sure that the
decrees of the dictatorial power Were carried out, _The
question of controlling the controllers here, of course,
never even arose—who could regulate or cOntrol the
supreme power in the State? Once the. regulator be-
comes the mainspring then the mainspring has nothing
to regulate it.
- This Seems so clear that one wonders why the
Socialists do not see it. They do, in fact, see that there
is a probkem and try to answer it, but being unversed
in the practical working of Government their answer
is entirely impractical and unrealistic. They fall back
on such statements as "The principle of Cabinet respont
sibility or ultimate democratic control must be retained .
in the running of State industry." But any one who
will reflect on the way Government is carried on will ,
realize that "ultimate democratic control" must be en-
tirely confined to principles and policies and' cannot
possibly have to do with the .details of day-to-day
business. In other words, a few men comprising a
Committee of Parliament (the Cabinet) must make all
the day-to-day decisions.
BUDGET AS AN EXAMPLE
Take as an illustration the budget. We all know that
in -practice (and it is the only practical way) the
Minister of Finance and his expert assistants prepare
the budget, that it is approved by the Cabinet, and
then goes before the Parliament, where the Government
majority puts it through. Under the socialist plan, in-
stead of the Government confining itself in the main to
regulate measures to direct and control other people,
it will be carrying on the great bulk of the nation's
business itself, and to suggest that there will be
"ultimate democratic control" is merely playing with
words. Frankly, the situation is that a few men, with-
out any one to control them, will run the whole show.
There will be no one to control the controllers, and
remember that the proposed controllers almost cer-
tainly will • be men without any practical experience in
affairs. And yet they are ready to assume responsibil-
ities from which competent men with a lifetime of train-
ing and experience would shrink.
How Socialism Affects
The Farmer
In this talk we shall (gal with socialism as it would
• affect farmers. After stating that the major proposal
of socialism is the public' ownership and operation of
such things as banking, railways, flour mills, pulp and
paper, heavy chemidals, the Research Committee of the
League for Social Reconstruction, in its book, "Democ-
racy Needs Socialism," says: "Agriculture, retail trade
industries which are really competitive, and small
businesses will probably continue for some time to be
privately 'owned, although, ,their output and itp distri-
bution will be related to the national plan."
It will be cold comfort to the farmer who wishes to
have some control over his own, affairs to be told that
"probably"—not certainly--he will be left in control of
his own land. It will be still colder comfort to have
the words "for some time" added. There is, however,
one certainty—that is, "output and its distribution will
be related to the national plan." "
PART OF CONTROLLED SYSTEM
What is meant by the phrase "related to the national
plan"? It means, of course, that it will be part of a
cOntrolled system. It could not be otherwise, because
the final objective of socialism, is the control of pro-
duction and, distribution. In other, words, the farmer
may continue to produce but the Government will look
after the business end by taking over and controlling
the distribution,of his products. All this is to be done
whether the individual farmer likes it dr not. , It is
obvious that this totally disregards what becomes of tke
farmer's independence and personality as a factor in
the life of the country.
MEANS CHECK ON PRODUCTION
, There is another point in this type of control which
should not be overlooked. 4 the bureaucracy is to
know' what a farmer is doing with his products, and
is to make sure he places all his production at the dis-
posal of the Government agencies, as indicatcl by
"Democracy Needs Socialism", it will be necessary to
check every farmer's production and prevent him cer-
cumventing the Government's arrangements for dis-
posing of it. The "Gestapo" methods which will neces-
sarily have to be used can be left to the imagination.
. 'The Socialists, of course, viTuld question this. ,• Mr.
T. C. Douglas, Deputy Leader of the C.C.F., for ex-
ample, would put it differently. He would say that the
Socialist plan means giving workers,, farmers, trade
unionists, consumers, a real voice in managing their
own affairs. The C.C.F., he says, will establish a plan-
ned economy, but an economy planned and controlled
by the people for the people. Commenting on this, Mr.
Bruce Hutchison, the well-known and widely travelled
student of 'public affairs and a close observer of politics,
writing in the Vancouver Sun, says: "Whether a C.C.F.
bureaucraey would be efficient, would represent only
the people and remain above reproach, or whether any
bureaucracy will soon become a force uncontrollable by
the people and determined to control the people, is a
matter of opinion. But it is only childish' to say that
Governments can control an economy without a bureau-
cracy or operate without tools."
PLENTY OF EVIDENCE
Mr. Hutchison might have gone further and said
that in the last few years in Germany and elsewhere
we have had convincing evidence of what happens
when Governments undertake to control economic life.
No one who understands that Governments must
govern can be deluded by any vague suggestion that
there can be direct control from the bottom except
on broad, long-range matters of principle and policy.
The day-to-day decisions must be arrived at by the
few and carried out by them through the steadily in-
creasing power of a huge and growing bureaucracy.
We have already in wartime a foretaste of what that
will mean, and we endure it as of necessity in war-
time, however much We dislike it. But we should
remember that what we have now is a foretaste only
of the regimentation, and control which we shall have
to endure in peacetime if the Socialists have their way.
the juice is kept hot, bottles may be
filled, to within one inch of the top
Of the bottle. If bottles are ftised,
sterilize caps in boiling water for 5
minutes before use, but not long en-
ough to cause cork to bulge, Alum-
inum or Archnient spotted caps do
not require this treatinent. Cook hot-
'ties on their sides for 10 minutes ih
boiling water, Quart sealers should
receive 20 minutes eooking,
The juice considered to this point
is pure tomato suitable for feeding to
babies instead of orange juice, If it
is to be used by adults as a before-
breakfast drink or a cocktail, it is int-
proved by the addition of salt at the
rate d one level teaspoonful to ,each
gallon of juice.. ,
When a Man charged with being
immtleated told the judge that he had
not purchased the liquor, but, that a
Scot had given it to hitn, he was sent-
enced to ,thirty days for 'petiary,
How Socialism Affects
The Trade Unionist
There should be no doubt in the mind of any trade
unionist what will happen, to trade unions, in the fully
planned economy contemplated by the Socialists, in
which, as pointed out in our first talk, they propose
to take over and operate practically the whole means
of production and distribution. What will happen is
not ,a matter of conjecture. We have clear and striking
evidence from Germany,* Italy, and labor elsewhere.
What happens is that under the fully planned econgimy
the supreme authority, which is also the supreme
employer, cannot tolerate any opposition among its
employees, and, therefore, it cannot tolerate any inde-
pendent employees' organizations,
That is why in Germany it was inevitable that the
Nazis should stamp out trade unions, which they did
promptly, completely and ruthlessly—within six months
of coming into power.
SOME IN ITALY
In Italy it took longer. The outlawing of the trade
unions was not complete until 1925, three years after
the Fascists came into power... There are, indeed, still
tame trade unions in Italy—how tame may be indicated
by the 'fact that under the law no trade union official
can be elected to office in the union without the consent
of high Fascist officials. This makes it clear that the
trade union continues to* exist in name only. Indeed
under the Fascist state the trade union becomes merely
a propagandist and administrative organization under
the' direction and dictation of the Government.
How could it be otherwise? Tirade unions exist to
assert and maintain the rights of employees in any
negotiation with employers. When, there arises an
irreconcilable difference it becomes necessary to have
recourse to a higher authority, namely: the will of all
the' people as expressed \through Government. This
superior will can harmonize and adjust differences when
they arise between employer and employee. But what
happens when the higher power takes over the property
of the employers and itself becomes the virtually uni-
versal employer? It is perfectly evident to any one
who will ponder the facts that when this happens trade,
unionism is doomed. Its final disappearance may per-
haps be somewhat delayed, but is nevertheless in-
evitable.
Let us .look at the plain facts. Under socialism the
trade union no longer deals with the individual employer
who is subject to the higher authority of the State,
but it deals with the State itself, the supreme authority.
In 'these circumstances any negotiation between the
trade union and the new employer would be like the
negotiation between the fly and the spider.
BENEFIT BY EXPERIENCE
With the experience of Germany and Italy before
us, it ought not to be necessary to labor this point
further. Surely it is clear that when socialism steps
in at the front door trade unionism goes out,, by the
back. The union may continue to drag out a shadowy
and useless existence as a tool subservient to the
Government, like the case of trade unionism in Italy
already mentioned, but that is all.
It would 'be well for trade unionists to ponder these
things, and to stop, look and listen before they court
the fate of the trade unions, in Germany and Italy.
While no one suggests that in this country they would
be put down in the ruthless and brutal fashion employed
in Europe, nevertheless under socialism the trade union
as understood in this or any other democracy could
not continue to exist. Its disappearance would be the
logical outcome of the fully planned economy, and
experience in other. countries has shown that it would
be folly to expect anything else.
HOME PROCESSING
TOMATO JUICE
Tomatoes rank high as a practital
Canadian, source of vitamin C, Chemi-
cal analyses of tomato juice processed
, by a large nuinber dl houseWives iti
the Okanagan Valley of British Col-
umbia revealed that 66 per cent of the
samples contained sufficient vitamin
C to be classed as "excellent".
X E. Atkinson and C. C. 8 raehan
of the Dantinion gxperimetual Station,
Summerland, B.C., say that where
home processed juice fails to retain
adeqttate quantities of Vitamin 8 the
cause may be (1) the failure to heat
the juice to almost boiling (190' to
212° P,) beforb extraetion; '(2) failure
to fill the; warn. bottles with juice
While it is praetioally boiling; and (3)
failure to fill the bottles to within brie
114 of the top of the neck, The pro
tess that is reeotrunehded for use in
theliOrne Is at f011OW4l4.k.
Thoroughly vine-ripened tomatoes
are stemmed and cored, The fruit is
slightly pulped and placed on the
stove in a covered kettle, then heated
to boiling. As 'many tomatoes are
placed in the kettle at the commence-
meat of this step as possible in order
to exclude the. air and prevent des-
truction of vitamin C. After the pulp
has boiled 4 to .5 minutes; it is ready
to be passed through a sieve to re
move the skin and seeds. At this
point, the necessity of haste cannot be
over-emphasized as the , juice will lose
much of its Vitamin value if exposed
to the air. If the juice is kept near
the boiling point the vapour given off
.during the extracting will keep the
air away front the product.
The extracted juice should be re-
turned to the kettle and brought just
to boiling, At the same time have en-
ough sealert or bottles being kept hot
in the oven, 1.111 these with juice,
seal, and place In bQiUigwater,
MAKE IT A CLEAN SWEEP--VOTE FOR THE PROGRESSIVE CONSERVATIVE CANDIDATE
The Drew 22-Point —Programme ' Ensures Social Advancement of all Classes Along Sane Lines
Published by Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario