The Wingham Advance-Times, 1943-03-18, Page 7THE ECONOMIC OUTLOOK
Out of a normal consumption annually
of 500,000 tons of sugar we imported
.400,000, growing the .difference in
Canada, half of it in Alberta. With
shipping acute Canada agreed through
British-American arrangement to fore-
go enough sugar to save 100,000 tons
of shipping yearly; later things became
worse and we agreed to lop off another
50,000 of shipping space. That's why,
folks, you're getting less sugar. Of
course we could grow more in Alberta,
say; it's a profitable ,crop, but remem-
ber freight rate costs and suppose you
had to move it out- to Winnipeg you
would have to meet normally lower
price structure. Could be done,
naturally, but only by use of heavy
subsidies.
Well, how about coffee? The dif-
ference in consumption with us would
be saving two shiploads only, but with
the Americans, who consume more, it
would amount to 40 shiploads saving,
Business and Professional Directory
WELLINGTON FIRE
Insurance Company
Est. 1840
An all Canadian Company which
has faithfully served its policy
holders for over a century
Head Office Toronto
H. C. MacLean Insurance Agency
Wingham
W. A. CRAWFORD, M.D.
Physician and Surgeon
Located at the office of the late
Dr. J. P. Kennedy.
Phone 150 ° Wingham
II
Po -fits. tio'rris-c
51-Aus qivE off
m05-1- OEM'?
Thursday, March 18th., 1943 WING RAM ADVANCE-TIMnS
but then the board feels we cannot
treat our consumers any better than
the Americans,
Then I hitched up my galluses,
started asking about agricultural prices
and problems, and Mr, Taylor opined
there was plenty of difficulty in. recon-
ciling beef, butter, whole milk pro-
ducts, etc. Well, how about beef?
They were faced, he said, with three
alternatives because .the American
market "ran away fast", They could
either hold rigidly to the price ceiling,
which meant that most of the cattle
would go to the U.S.A. with very little
left for the Canadian housewife; the
price could be put up to the American
level, which means the ceiling would
break down; or-and this they decided
to .do-hold the price in Canada' and
control exports. The price was put
up a little, too, at the same time.
He admitted frankly there was a
difference of opinion. Wwithin" for a
while and it got a little out of hand,
but, "remember this, the western cat-
tie•grosirers will probably get in 1943
the best average'price since 1920."
Food Demands Strain Resources
Generally the demand for food 'is
straining. our resources, he pointed
out, There is a heavier demand over-
seas; the is sending more to
Russia, less to Britain; all our salmon
pack .is going to the Mother Country,
besides milk products, canned meats
and what not, And on top of it all
agriculture has a labor problem.
We came back to meat for a minute
and be explained that our beef short-
age in the east is relative-not basic
-as compared to the west. The in-
dustrial eastern workingman is mak-
ing more money, eating more meat;
wants it. The shortage on pork sup-
ply is "deliberate" and the result is
a greatly increased demand for beef;
much pork is going overseas, but (and
he interjected) "if the Department of
Agriculture's progress is realized, 8
million hogs will be the figure for
1943." Some bacon, some porkchops!
I got back to economics in asking
how the ceiling benefits the farmer,
It does,. he says, in a number of ways.
For instance the ceiling on feeds aSid
fertilizers is below American prices;
on wire fencing, etc., where available,
"You know," he mused, "a short time
ago I was out at the farm where my
son was working and I was shown an
old stack of bills and I noticed that
that farmer, paid $70 a ton for mid-
dlings, back in 1918-19. Today the
same thing is $31 a ton."
Maldigtribution Avoided in Goods
Price ceiling, the Board holds as
preventing inequitable distribution
coming from uncontrollable scarcity
of goods. The fear that business can-
not operate under rigidity of the set-
up he thinks groundless. A lot of the
the supplying of sufficient food is
Lord Woolton, the Minister of Food,
and, everyone over there seems con-
vinced that he has done a marvellous
job. In fact what he has done is one
of the big accomplishments of the war,
for he has taken the worry of insuffic-
ient food away from. the people, They
now know that all they have to do is
to go to the store where they are reg-
istered, hand over their coupons and
the FOOD WILL TIE THERE.
Even during the worst of the blitz,
Lord Woolton's department never fail/-
ea to deliver the rations.
The editors had a conference with
the Minister of Food on September
16th, and were greatly impressed with
his ability and sincerity. He extended
his thanks to Canadians for their as-
sistance in feeding Britain, and ex-
pressed his appreciation for the re-
strictions which Canadian had impos-
ed upon themselves in order 'to help
Britain..
Imports of food from Canada are
up over 40 %, The. Ministry of Food
buys all the food imported into Brit-
ain, and oversees the distribution .and
price,
The Ministry endeavours to main-
tain a standard of nutrition ,and to
this end scientists are at work all the
time trying to provide a proper Sup-
ply of calories and vitamins through
subStitutes,. The needs of children
and the sick are especially provided
for. Lord Woolton said, "It is the
children who will have to clean up
strong."
The
and they must grow up
The best way to maintain morale,
Lord Woolton believes, is. to keep the
people well fed, and in this he is
succeeding in a wonderful way.
Canteens And Restaurants
Part of his plan to keep the people
well, fed was the establishment of can-
teens in the larger factories, the sup-
plying of food to smaller factories, and
the British Restaurants, sometimes
called "Woolton's Restaurants", to
provide meals where canteens are not
practical. The number of these rest-
aurants nearly doubled in 1942 and the
figure, served amount to a staggering
Later the Canadians editors were
taken to some of these restaurants for
a meal, and had soup, meat and vege-
tables, pudding and tea for a shilling
and fourpence. Most of the help is
volunteer. It is no wonder that there
are now nearly 2000 of these estab,
lishments.
One factory canteen which we visit-
ed was a marvel of cleanliness and ef-
ficiency, and could serve 1200 meals in
twelve minutes.
Changing The. Public Diet
Lord Woolton believes that he is
permanently changing the public diet.
The people are learning what is good
for them to eat, and wilt continue to
eat more vegetables and cheese even
after plenty of all kinds of foodstuffs
will be available, They are also learn-
ing how to prepare food in better
ways.' The result of all this is that
the health of the people is better than
it ever has been before.
As our conference drew to a close,
one of the Canadian editors asked him
what was going to happen after the
war. After a few moments of thought,
lord Woolton replied, "Well, I am
going to have a nice, thick, steak."
The Points System
Selling food on points was designed
primarily to control the distribution
trouble is not price control but in
business such As those which handle
automobiles, etc. That's easy to see
through.
Total war, he holds, is not achieved
until all resources not necessary to
satisfy the minimum of essential needs
of the civilian population is devoted
to war production. He argues that
we must accept this all in the proper
spirit, because strong inflationary
forces tend to• produce stronger de-
flationary trends when the country's
economy is reconverted to peace-time
production. It would bring mass ,unem-
ployment, much less demand for farm
products and low price levels, And,
"The serious problem of post-war will
not all be eliminated by prevention of
inflation, but it will certainly facilitate
the solutions and help stop any pro-
longed post-war' .depression,"
I hope you're not weary of ponder-
ous economics, There's something
brighter coining next week, I hope,
How to Cut the cost of
- Hooting Your Horne
BY
aafalcws HOME liEATINO ,081Pril
WRITTEN SPEPIALt.Y FOR THE
WEEKLY NEWEPARERS OF CANADA
6/JIM GREENRAT, Editor of the SUN
SWIFT CURRENT SASKATCHEWAN
March Winds!
Just the OpPOSite way, Pus to a
strong draft on windy 41978, the
fire will burn out very rapidly
and often leaves only a small
core of fire in the center and a.
large bed of ash all around,
This condition permits a great
amount of air or draft to pass
through the fuel bed and on up
the chimney, thus the greater
part of the heat is wasted in
needlessly warming up this air.
It is therefore desirable dur-
ing spring and fall weather to
maintain a reasonably deep fire-
bed and to throttle down the
turn damper as much as possible
to avoid over heating rather
than attempting to attain this
by firing in thin layers. It is
easier to maintain a uniform
temperature as well as avoiding
excessive fuel consumption by
maintaining uniform depth of
firebed, then when more heat is
required, there is always a suffi-
cient body of fire on hand to re-
spond immediately.
Even temperatures definitely
save money. Over and under
heating is both costly and un-
healthy. It is needless and
troublesome. Remember these
simple rules and your home will
be comfortable, the fire "sleep-
ing" during mild weather, will
immediately awake and go to
work for you when a call for
heat is made. (25)
Mouton is usually .a month
J-."- when the variations between
night and day temperatures are
greater than at any time during
the heating season. As the
stronger rays Of the sun supply
a g.reater portion of the heat re-
quired, it is not necessary for
the furnace to give forth as
much heat during the day as in
the winter months. At night,
however, it is likely to be quite
chilly, and more,heat is required.
Follow these suggestions for the
proper care of your furnace dur-
ing this period,
Gradually decrease the open-
ing of the turn damper as the
milder days arrive. This is par-
ticularly important on windy
March days, as wind has a ten-
dency to increase the draft in
the furnace. If this draft is not
throttled down-by closing this
important damper -,sometimes
the fire will burn out premature-
ly, and consequently up and
down action in house temper-
ature will follow. More impor-
tant, this strong draft will pull
most of the heat into the chim-
ney, resulting in huge heat loss
. and wasted fuel.
There is also a strong ten-
dency, as the weather moderates
for many householders to put
less and less coal on the fire,
thus causing a thin fuel bed for
the purpose of saving fuel. 'This
is an erroneous idea, and works
manpower for civilian industry be-
comes scarcer and turnover of goods
lower, This is all, of' course, a direct
indication of our country's war effort,"
So gather around in back of the drug
store o r out in the barn and hear a
little more,
Mr, Taylor explained that as manu-
facturers' and other costs creep up
slowly, labor became restless and other
maladjustments slipped in, Civilian
production had to be streamlined to
save metals, time, etc. Then the
emphasis shifted to problems of sup-
ply as Singapore and the Dutch East
Indies fell and the submarine warfare,
he warned, will be seriously reflected
in the supply of civilian goods for the
summer of 1943.
By urging of the board beforehand,
Mr. Taylor said, coupled with the good
sense of business men, quite a good
supply of raw materials including wool
and such commodities had been laid in,
though we were caught short on rub-
ber. Then we reached the point
where, while not actually acute, we
saw a shortage of limited supplies,
with buoyant pressure, increased pur-
chasing power, etc., and presto: first
thing we knew we had rationing start-
ing with sugar, tea and coffee.
Sugar Shortage EXplained
"Price ceiling, squeeze, control,"
'That all sounded brackish and puz-
.2.1ing to me, Most likely it does to
you, • So I talked with Economist *en-
sneth W. Taylor, secretary Of the
Wartime Pai,des and Trade BOard,
seated in his ordinary looking office,
and• me gazing directly out at the
Peace Tower on Parliament Hill,
(Since this article was first written,
Mr, Taylor has been appointed Foods
.Administrator as successor to Hon, 5.
-iGs Taggart.) .
I had learned the day before about
the necessity of a check on strong in-
flationary forces which are inevitable
in wartime; that from Aug. 1, 1939,
'to April 1, 1941, our cost of living in-'
-de...; had risen frbtn 100 to 107.7, due
to depreciation of. the Canadian dollar,
higher taxation, in-
crease in hitherto
low farm prices;
that Canada had
put a ceiling on
goods and services,
on wage increases
and introduced the
cost-of-living bon-
us, and that, as a
result, from Nov. 1,
K. W. TAYLOR 1941„ to Nov. 1, Here's something will interest you.
THE BOMBER PRESS
IN GREAT BRITAING
Another in a series of articles .written
by W. R. Legge and C. V. Charters,
who represented the Canadian
Weekly Newspapers Association in
• a recent tour overseas,
FOOD PROBLEMS IN BREAT
BRITAIN
(Article No. 18)
By Walter R. Legge
Canadians everywhere seem to be
tremendously interested in two things
about Britain, and they are Bomb
Damage, and Food.
After eating meals for six weeks in
training camps, hotels and the private
homes of friends or relatives, the ed-
itors began to have a good idea of
conditions there.
Probably the outstanding feature of
the meals is the total absence of any
white bread or rolls. At first one is
inclined to think that the dark bread
is excellent, but after a few weeks of
nothing else, there is a yearning for
some good white bread. Perhaps
after a longer period one would be-
come so accustomed to it that it would
be preferred,
Many items are entirely absent, such
as citrus fruits,-oranges, grapefruit
and lemons,-ice cream, fresh eggs,
cream and some other items. Fresh
eggs are very scarce and they are re-
served for sick people and young chil-
dren. Fresh milk is also difficult to
obtain. There is, however, a fair sup-
ply of. powdered
Most foods are rationed, and others
are sold on the point system. The
weekly ration for one -person when we
were there was: butter 2 ounces, tea
2 ounces; sugar 8 ounces, bacon 4
ounces, cheese 4 ounces, jam 16 ounc-
es, meat 23 cents worth and canned
goods 24 points.
The prices are fixed by the govern-
ment which also controls the distri-
bution of supplies. This is the reason
why consumers must register with one
storekeeper and buy rationed goods
there only. The storekeeper then re-
ceives only sufficient stocks to look
after the requirements of the people
who are registered with him. This is
an important part of the whole method
of keeping everyone supplied.
The Minister of Food '
The man who is responsible for the
smooth working of this system, and
11/11111101,
and supply of foods which are not rat-
ioned. Points for certain foods are
raised or lowered as the available sup-
ply goes up or down.. If one line is
selling too freely, the number of points
necessary to purchase that food is in-
creased, and the demand falls off,
If some new food is available, but
his not proving popular enough, the
number of points is reduced. In this
way the use of a certain brand of pres-
sed ham was increased until it now is
quite popular oved there.
The people look on this points bus-
iness as a game which appeals to their
gambling instinct. They try to guess
what item will have the points raised,
and buy it; and if, as often happens,
the points on it are decreased instead,
the people say, "Woolton has done us
again, 'but we'll get Min tomorrow on
something else."
Between the rationing and the
points, the queues which might have
become a problem have been absolute-
ly eliminated. The only queues which
we saw all the time we were in Eng-
land were at theatres and bus stops.
They tell a good story about the
queues.. At one time if a shopper saw,
a queue she would join up, with the
idea that there must be something
good for sale, One day a queue form-
ed in front of a theatre and streched
around the corner. A woman saw this
long queue and joined up at the end!
of it. After a few minutes she asked
the man in front of her, "What have
they got today?" "The Tales of Hoff-
man", he replied. "How do you cook
them?" she enquired.
The Queen's Messengers
Lord Woolton praised the women
who are known as the "Queen's Mes-1
sengers," an organization of women
volunteers who go into blitzed areas
and help in the emergency canteens.1
Our beloved Queen is the head of the
organization, Whenever there is a
!raid which causes damage, a mobile
canteen with some of the "Queen's
Messengers" is sent immediately to
feed the people, These messengers
with their food and cheer is proof that
someone is looking after them,
Shipping is the greatest concern of
Lord Woolton, and so every effort is
made to provide food that does not • •
have to be brought in by ships, or to
use the most concentrated food with
the maximum nutrition value,
That is why powdered eggs are so
valuable, for it is said that 80 tons of
dried eggs are equal in food value to
2,100 tons of feedstuffs for hens,_ i.
The margarine is now SO reinforced
with vitamins that its nutritive value
is equal to that of butter, and it is.
very difficult to tell from butter. At
one hotel, we suspected by the quant-
ity served that it was margarine in.'
stead of butter, and 'on enquiry found
we were right. We probably often.
were served margarine without know-
ing it.
Hotel meals are limited to three
courses and the price ceiling is • five
shillings, but in some cases service
charges are allowed. ,At our London
hotel, the price of the dinner was five
shillings, but the , service charge was
seven shillings and sixpence, and a.
charge for the orchestra was two shil-
lings and sixpence, bringing the cost
of the meal up to fifteen shillings.
However, these service charges are
also under regulation.
While Britain's diet has changed,
and many items of food are difficult
or impossible to obtain, British people
have sufficient wholesome food, thanks
to Lord Woolton. It is no wonder
that everybody admires the job he is
doing.
1.942, our index only rose 2.3 points,
from 115.5 to 117.7, while in the same
period in the United States it had
jumped 9.7 points. And in the last
-war with only a quarter of the present
resources devoted to production of war
materials the Canadian index' hopped
tip 20.1 points.
Out of a maze of information I
;give you merely these few meaty
figures, because I, too, hate statistics;
they sometimes frighten the ordinary
man.
Price Control in Brief
"What can I tell them in a nutshell,
Air. Taylor?" I asked, and he replied,
'In our first year we maintained
stability of, prices with minimum of
evasion and interference with normal
functioning of industry and trade . • .
but, remember the battle against in-
flation isn't wan yet. The supply of
civilian goods will become shortlr,
operating costs will rise as trained
• J. W. BUSHFIELD
Barrister, Solicitor, Notary, Etc.
Money To Loan
Office - Meyer Block, Wingham
DR. W. M. CONNELL
PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON
Phone 19
J. H. CRAWFORD
Barrister, Solicitor, Notary, Etc.
Bonds, Investments & Mortgages
DR. R. L. STEWART
PHYSICIAN
Telephone 29
SCOTT'S SCRAP BOOK By R. J. SCOTT
CROSSWORD PUZZLE
ACROSS 2. Great Lake
1. Weight 3. Palm leaf
15. Mineral 4. Little child
springs 5. Weep
9. Pack animal 6. Strained
10. Unit of vegetables
weight 7. Indigo
12 English 8. Crust on
author sore
13 Wood for 9. Plead
pipes 11. Before
14 Narrow 17. A color
valley 18. Conjunction
15 German 19. Vigor
river 20. Muffler
16 Flock 21. Bower
20 Mourdful 22. Small
23 Silkworm • wheeled
24 American truck
Indian
27 Multitude
29 Chew
81 Dexterous
32 Inflamed
spot
83 Actor's
parts
35 Mountain
pools
86 Young fish
87 Hewing tool
24. Breathe
noisily in
sleep
25, Fields
26. Game of
skill
28. Tiny
30. Employ
34. Juice of
plants
35. Male adults
38. Greek lettcti
40. To bombard
41. Variety of
cabbage
42. Narrow inlet
43. Taverns
44. Muse of
history
Wingham. Ontario
e4
A. H. McTAVISH, B.A.
Teeswater, Ontario
Barrister, Solicitor, Notary Public
'and Conveyancer
Office: Gofton House, Wroxeter
every Thursday afternoon 1.30 to
4.30 and by appointment.
Phone - Teeswater 120J.
J. ALVIN FOX
Licensed Drugless Practitioner
CHIROPRACTIC - DRUGLESS
THERAPY RADIONIC
EQUIPMENT
Hours by Appointmenf.
Phone 191 Wingham
HARRY FRYFOGLE
Licensed Embalmer and
Funeral Director
Furniture and
Funeral Service
Ambulance Service
Phones: Day 109W. Night 109J.
isil fir. OF NEARLY MA. COLORS of
- 4E. 12AIRBow IS GROWN IN SOME
PAP:r a; AMERICA WI,(li PURE
BLACK CORN hio51r RARE, Buf am
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COLORED
1 \50 41,1
$
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CIN/21/21.1.
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46 African river
47. Spoke
48. COnjunction
50. Spread
grass to dry
51. Xing of
Judah It K. M. MacLENNAN
Veterinary *Surgeon
Office-Victoria St., West.
Formerly the Hayden Residence
PHONE 196
Wingham, Ontario
THOMAS FELLS
AUCTIONEER •
REAL ESTATE SOLD
A .Thorough Knowledge of Farm
Stock.
Frederick A. Parker
OSTEOPATH
Offices: Centre St., Wingham
Osteopathic apd Electric Treat-
ments, Foot Technique.
Phone 272. Wingham.
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ELEPHANTS IkNO BUILD illEtR. tietlIES
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42 Wealthy
45 Part of
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rings
49 Entrance
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to birds
62 Old-
womanish
453 Firm
64 Disposed of
by' ale
65 Voted in
affirmative
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statesman
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