The Brussels Post, 1962-07-05, Page 6SALy."
LUANd
PitABANG 0
VIENTIANE
MILES
0 100
Salitt4tAST
'ASIA
IENGAk
they add a lively splash a color.
On the other hand, you may
prefer all greens, such as fern;
proms, aspidistra, sansevieria.
and umbrella plats. Climbing
plants could be smilax, philoden-
dron and wax-plant.
Just ;le any garden requires
fertilizer as food, the soil in your
miniature garden will neod to ba
r(•-nourished about ..once 04
menth. Prepared tablet. fertilizer
can be applied or, better. stilt,
borrow from your husband's sup-
ply of lawn fertilieke,
1.1.!. "
HOrriVir :.„ ese toe well
im the pre; ent Wetlehouee home
in Long Island, are among the
places from which Mr. Townend
got letters. The correspondence
was • interrupted during . World.
War lI, There is not as• much as"
one might hope about Mr. 'Wede,
house's internment by the null
and those broadcasts that he la-
ter called a "terrible mistake."
But the book does not pretend
to be complete, just full of Wedtl-
boon. No more need be said.
Now an American citizen, he
writes to Bill, "I can't • picture
rnyself retiring, ran you?" He.
likes the status Of octogenarian
bemuse people leave him alone
and he can work. No los,ger must
le go to parties. "The thought
:that I will never have to wear a
paper hat again is a very sustain-
ing one.".
..„.
$1GN AGREEMENT—The three Princes of Laos, left ' to right, Boun Oum, Souvanno
Phouma and Souphanouvong, sign on agreement for the formation of a coalition gov-
ernment nettlonal union, in Plalne oes Jarres, Laos.
tarr"--
potatoes in the bottom of a
greased 12 x 71/2 x 2-inch baking
dish. Sprinkle lightly with salt
and pepper and top with a layer
of liver slices, Add a layer each
of onion slices, carrot slices and
tomato slices. Sprinkle lightly
with salt and pepper, Pour greyer
over all. Cover tightly and bake
1 hour or until vegetables are
cooked. (Serves 4,)
Letters that should never have
been written and ought to be
immediately destroyed are the
only ones worth keeping, Sidney
Teens ayn 0.
Miniaiure cianien
Easy To Malice
Window boxes can bring..eolor
and life to an otherwise drab
room. They are a touch of beauty
which is appreCiated by the oc-
cupants of •the room acrd passers-
by alike. But more than that t
they van be a rewarding holasy
„ a hobby that doesn't require
ton mute) time or effort but
which, nonetheless, has to he
started in the proper way.
Whether of wood or metal,
window boxes should measure at
least eight inches in depth (in-
side measurement) and from
eight to 12 inches in width.
Length is determined by the
length of window sills but a long
box is less convenient for handl-
ing and could be made in shorten
lengths to be placed end to end.
Holes in 11w bottom,
three or four inches apart, will
permit drainage, and placing
pieces of stone or broken flower
'pots over the holes will prevent
loss of soil. To further improve,
the drainage, add an inch of
coarse gravel or cinders and then
the soil, You can. also buy metal
boxes with false bottoms built
into them to provide drainage.
Flowering plants require a
sunny location, while foliage
plants grow better in shade or
subdued light, so the amount of
sunshine your window receives
will act as a guide to the type
of plant which will grow most .
successfully. Your nurseryman
or florist will also be able 'to
give you expert advice on choos-
ing plants which have similar
watering needs and temperature
requirements.
Geraniums, petunias and pan-
sies are known to thrive well in
window boxes. Easy to care for,
THISTLE — Hat of a veiling
base with black thistle leaves
swirling and turning around
the head upwards giving one
illusion of space is called "In
Orbit," created in New York
inside Franco Spain
Four Groups and a Phantom
Support the Present Regime
into a greased 2-qt. casserole.
Heat oven to 400 degrees. Heat
oil in heavy ekillet. Add beef,
onions and garlic and cook and
stir until beef is well browned.
Stir in remaining ingredients
and 11/2 cups of the water beans
were cooked in. Simmer 5 min.-
Wes. Pour over beans and mix
In lightly, Bake 1 hour. (Serves
6 to 8.) *
SAUSAGE CASSEROLE
1 lb. sausages
1% cups packaged ready-cooked
rice
11/2 cups grated carrots (use
medium grater)
2 tsp. grated onion
2 tsp. grated onion
1 egg, beaten
% cup grated Cheddar cheese
3d tsp, salt
Vs tsp. pepper
i4 cup grated Cheddar cheese
Ye cup milk
Cook sausages thoroughly, cool
until they can be handled and
cut into slices 1/4 inch thick. Heat
oven to 376 degrees. Butter a
11/2.-qt. casserole. Prepare rice
according to package• diiections,
adding grated carrots to boiling
water alone with the rice. Add
onion, egg, cup cheese, salt,
pepper and sausage pieces to pre-
pared rice-carrot mixture, blend-
ing well with a fork, Pour into
casserole. Sprinkle with 1/4 cup
cheese and pour milk over all.
Bake 25 minutes or until lightly
browned. (Serves 6.)
rx
TUNA CASSEROLE
4 slices bacon
3 green onions and tops,
chopped
1 medium green pepper,
chopped
1 20-oz. can tomatoes (21/2
Cups),
1 30-0z. can nitishroom pieces,
with juice
2 7-oz, cans tuna
1 8-oz. pkg. shell or elbow
macaroni, cooked and
drained
1V tsp. salt
ei tsp. pepper
ee cup grated Parmesan cheese
1 tbsp, butter.
Heat over to 375 degrees.
Grease a 2-qt. .casserole, Cut
bacon into small pieces and fry
until crisp. Add onions and green
pepper, cook gently until onion
is yellow, Add tomatoes and
mushroom pieces and heat to
boiling point. Drain tuna and.
rinse under hot water. Break
into bite-size pieces and add to
skillet with salt and pepper. Put
1/2 of the cooked macaroni in the
casserole and add 1/2 of tuna mix-
ture, Repeat these layers twice
more. Sprinkle with cheese and
dot with butter, Bake 35 min-
utes or until well browned.
(Serves 6 to 8,)
e
CALVES LIVER CASSEROLE
1 lb. calves' liver, cut thin
est eup flout!
1 tsp, salt
Ti tsp. pepper
3 tbsp. butter
tbsp. flour
1 10! -oz. can coesomme
2 merliure potatoes, sliced thin
Z medium onions, sliced thin
2 carrots, sliced
2 tomatoes, sliced
salt
and popper
Heat oven to 350 degrees. Dip
liver in mixture of 1/4 cup flour,
1 tsp. eta and pepper to coat
both sides. Heat butter, in heavy
skillet. Add liver and brown
well, lifting, out slices as they
brown. Add 3 tbsp. flour to
drippings in pan (use any left
over from dipping meat) and
blend well. Remove from heat
and add eansornme ail at once,
stirring to blend. Return to
moderate heat and cools and 8tir
until thickened, Put a layer of
Madrid — The two rumors en-
countered most often in Spain
are:
* Generalissimo Franco, 69,
has just had a stroke.
o He is just about to restore
the monarchy.
There has been endless specu-
lation concerning 'Prance's health
since a gun exploded in his hand
last December while he was
hunting, So powerful was the
whispering campaign that the
generalissimo found it necessary
to refute it recently via national
television,
"I feet as young as 'you do,"
he told his audience, flexing his
hand ostentatiously In front of
the television cameras. "And I
have the majority of the people
and the armed forces bracing
me."
The second rumor is intimate-
ly connected with Franco's
health, age and a successor.
e
Recently the faces of handsome
Prince. Juan Carlos, son of the
Spanish. Pretender, and of his
lovely bride, Princess Sophia of
Greece have smiled from maga-
eine covers all over Spain. News-
papers gave such vivid accounts
of the royal nuptials in Athens
that readers could almost smell
the 35,000 rosebuds used to dec-
orate the church.
Inirnediately the rumor flew
around that Franco was about
to, name 24-year-old Juan Carlos
as his successor. Such talk is us-
ually spread by the monarchists
themselves, but they cite the
following "hard" facts to back it
up.
O Franco arranged to h.ve
Juan Carlos educated at the
Spanish Military College; where
he was always addressed as
"Your Highness:"
* The generalissimo has pro-
Added the young prince with an
The oligarchy shows no signs
of withdrawing its support from.
Franco, As for the Falange, fe
shows signs of withering away,
Falangism has been unable to,
supply the ideology that a totali-
tarian system such as Franco's
requires. The party is now used
chiefly as a buffer group to 'be
played off against the monarch-
ists and the Catholics.
The phantoin upon which
Franco relies is that of the 1936-
39 Civil War which cost between
600,000 and one million Spanish,
lives.
For most Spaniards the war is
still a traumatic experience. At
a recent open air art exhibit in
Madrid, one of the paintings
showed a young man In uniform
about to smash his image in a
mirror with an axe. It was titled
"Fractricide."
But Franco has done his best
to keep the Civil War alive. He
never misses an opportunity to
inveigh against the "anti-Span-
iards," as he calls the Republi-
can forces.
Streets and 'parks are named
after Franco's generals. "The
main cities have public holidays
to commemorate the day they
were liberated by Franco's
troops,
Lastly, there is the "Valley of
the Fallen" at the foot of the
Guadarrama Mountains where
Franco has erected a monument
to the Civil War, It includes 'a
basilica bored out of solid rock,
and which has all the warmth
and beauty of a subway station.
The world was led to believe
that this church was intended as
a tOken of reconciliation and a
resting place for warriors from,
both sides. In reality it is a mon-
ument to the Nationalist 'victory,
a tribute to Franco's crusade
against "anti-Spain." No Repub-
licans are buried there.
official residence in Spain and
with an official. car. When Juan
[
carlos visits his father in Esto-
ril, Portugal, he Is flown by a
service pilot in a Spanish, Air
Force plane.
S Franco did declare Spain a
kingdom in 1947, even though he
has so far, declined to make room
for a monarch,
* *
But Franco's flirtation with
the monarchists could just as
well be part of a cat-and-mouse
game. Franco is the master of
suspense and he ' has kept the
monarchists on the edge of their
seats for 23 years.
His own ,family background
is anything but artistocratic.
Born at El Ferrol in Galicia,
Franco was the son of a naval
paymaster who sent the young
Francisco to military college at
considerable sacrifice,
Franco justified his father's
faith by becoming the youngest
colonel in the Spanish Army. He
was promoted to general during
the Riff rebellion in Morocco,
became nationally prominent af-
ter crushing the revolt of the
Asturian coal miners in 1934.
The main props of the Franco
regime have been described as
one writer as "four power
groups and a phantom." The
power groups are the armed
forces, the Catholic church, a
small oligarchy of industrialists
and landowners, and the Fal-
ange, Spain's only legal party.
As a general himself, Franco
has been able to keep the armed
forces reasonably happy.
41 * *
The Catholic church was given
Sweeping powers over 'the lives
of 30 million Spaniards — in-
cluding control of education,
power of censorship — by the
Concordat which Spain signed
with the Vatican in 1953. Franco,
in turn, was given a final say
in the selection of archbishops
and bishops,
By TOM A. CULLEN
Newspaper Enterprise Assn.
(NeXti Who is the opposition?)
Meal-in-one-dish recipes are
especially valuable during the
mummer season as they have the
advantage that most of them, can
be fully cooked ahead of time
and then simply be reheated a
few minutes before time to serve.
tiere are some such casserole
dishes I'm sure you and your
family will enjoy.
*
CHICKEN CASSEROLE
eit cup butter
34, cup cooking oil
2 21/2- to 3-lb. frying chickens,
quartered
6 whole cloves
1 small bay leaf
NI lb. sliced fresh mushrooms
(about 2 cups)
* cups diced raw potatoes
1 medium onion, sliced and
separated into rings
1 clove garlic, minced
2 tsp, salt
lac tsp, pepper
11/s cups hot water
Heat oven to 325 degrees% Heat
butter and oil together in a.
heavy skillet. Add. chicken. pieces
a. few at a time and brown well
on all sides,. As the pieces brown.
put them into a large casserole
(3 qt.) or Dutch oven. Add
cloves, bay leaf, mushrooms, po-
tatoes, onion rings, garlic, salt
and pepper. Pour water into pan
the chicken was browned in and
heat and stir, scraping up all the
browned bits from the bottom
and sides of the pan. Pour over
chicken. Cover tightly and bake
about 11/2 hours or until chicken
Is tender. Change chicken pieces
around in pan once, bringing
bottom pieces up to the top. Re-
move chicken pieces and skim
any fat off broth. Strain broth,
pressing as much of vegetables
through the sieve as possible.
Return broth to cooking pan and
heat. Thicken with flour and
taste for seasoning. Return chick-
en pieces to gravy and heat thor-
oughly. (Serves 6 to 8.)
BEEF AND BEAN
CASSEROLE
1 lb. dried Lima beans
2 Os, water
14 lb. salt pork
34 cup cooking (salad) oil
1 lb. ground beef
2 large onions, chopped
2 cloves garlic, minced
lid tbsp, prepared mustard
g tsp. Worcestershire sauce
1 tsp. chili powder
1 tsp. salt
cup white vinegar
1 15-oz, can tomato sauce
Rinse Lima beans under run-
ning water, Bring water to a
boil and add beans slowly, stir-
ring and keeping water at a boil.
Turn down heat. Dice pork into
1/2 -inch cubes and add to beans,
Cover and simmer until beans
are tender, 11/2 to 2 hours. Add
more water if necessary. Drain,
saving cooking water. Pour beans
How Well Do You 14',Thdy
SOUTHEAST AS1V
Mechanical Clocks
Are Old Stuff
The early history of ineehaM-
cal clocks is, still uncertain and
obscure, It has been suggested
that they were an Arab inven-
tion and were brought to Europe
by the Crusaders. As the Arabs
were far ahead of Europe in
scientific attainment at that time,
this may very likely be true. In
early illuminated manuscripts,
the figure of Prudence or wis-
dom is usually shown holding a
weight-driven clock, and so they
are traditionally called wisdom
clocks, They appear in Flemish
tapestries; fine examples can be
seen in the National Museum in
Madrid and. in the Glasgow Art
Gallery„ , ,
But we really know a great
deal about the masterly astro-
nomical clock made by Giovanni
de Dondi in 1364 in. Italy because
he left behind a full description
of it. This clearly shows that it
could not have been better de-
signed, even with all the ad-
vances in mechanical knowledge,
today; and that it was apparent-
ly made of brass, unlike other
early clocks, all. of which were
of iron.
This Dondi clock remained in
Italy until 1585 when it was tak-
en to Spain and in 1809 was de-
stroyed in the Peninsular war.
From, his complete drawings
which have luckily survived, an
entirely new clock has been. only
recently reconstructed under the
supervision of the well-known
horologist H. Alan Lloyd, and
this is now in the Smithsonian
Institution, Washington.
The first clocks were made by
blacksmiths and locksmiths in an.
iron frame, and were designed
for putting on a wall bracket so
that the weights could hang
down unhindered, Italy was the
brilliant pioneer; but soon the
craft was carried northwards to
the. South German towns which
became world famous for clock-
making, Nuremberg, Augsburg,
Cassel and Ulm. In these cities
oloekmakers had to obey certain
guild rules, assuring standards of
perfection that have seldom been
surpassed. Before a clockmaker
was allowed to practise his craft,
he had to make a satisfactory
horizontal, square, or hexagonal
table-clock (the choice was his)
and he was given eight months
in which to do it.
About 1500, ha Italy and a little
later in South Germany, springs
were being introduced into-clocks
fn place of weights. The inven-
tion has been ascribed to Peter
Henlein of Nuremberg, but the
idea is illustrated in Leonardo da
Vinci's notebooks, though it is
not known whether he ever ap-
plied It practically.
—From "Clocks," by
Simon Fleet.
Hord Work Behind.
Author's .Light Touch
"Shalteepeare'e stuff is differs
fent from mine, but that is not
*necessarily to Petty that it is inferi-
Or. There are passages In Shake-
Peeve to Which I would have
been quite pleased to put my
name. Thee 'Tomorrow and 10-
Torrow and tomorrow' thing.
hat one gets over the plate all.
Tight. I doubt, too. if 1 have ever
dilate enythieg snUch better than.
Falstaff.'"
It is good to see a touch of
modesty in a satceessful man, and
One must eay these words are not
enrprising from P. Cl. epode_
house. They are to be expected
from few who could also record
that "in the sixty years since I
left the Hong Kong and Shan's:hal
Bank (in London) I have written
ten books for boys, one book for
children, forty-seven. novels if
you can call them novels, four
hundred and sixty-nine articles,
and three hundred and fifteen
ehort stories,, and only two of
the roveis and two of the short
4tOrieF were not my own unaided
work,"
Now comes an autobiographi-
cal footnote in the form of letters
to an old friend and fellow wri-
ter, W. Townend, titled "Author!
Author!" From 1920 to 1960, Mr,
Wodehouse preserves the same
tone, and here there is a genuine
modesty to go with the banter
about the Bard. Never does the
Wodeleause gold strike in the
United States cause a note of
condescension toward the less
known writer of sea stories
across the water. In the later
letters, as in the first, Plum talks
to Bill, giving advice, criticism,
plot ideas, in the manner of wri-
ters with common problems,
"My stuff. may not be the sort
of stuff that admits you to halls
sef fame, but I do work at it,"
ltan Wodehouse writes in one of
the many latter-day comments
Ire has added to the letters in
"Author! Author!" (Which his
native Britain knew in. somewhat
different folio as "Performing
Flea,") This is the old pro con-
firming what has become almost
a commonplace among those
admirers of Jeeves and friends
who must analyze as well as
laugh. The lightness of the
Wodehouse souffle depends on
the hard labors of the cook.
The present book casually dis-
closes how a comic writer goes
about his job. James Thurber's
endless rewriting comes to mind
as Mr. Wodehouse talks about
writing "every. sentence half a
dozen times," making "about four
hundred pages of notes before I
can get my scenario set," and on
one occasion writing 13,000 words
of scenario for the first 40,000
words of a 'novel.
"I suppose the secret of writ-
ing is es go through your stuff
till you come on something you
think is particularly good, and
ehen cut it out;" he writes. And:
"How do you get your plots?
like to think of some scene, it
doesn't matter how crazy, and
serork backward and forward
from it until eventually it be-
*ones quite plausible and fits
eitatly into the story."
"You shouldn't ever have your
villain manhandled by anyone
except the hero."
"Odd how important story
Davies are. It always takes me
about as long to get them to my
satisfaction as it does to write
e novel.."
Mr. Wodehouse likes Kipling.
Ne finds Aldous Huxley's novel,
413rave New World," a bore; Don
linger's television serial,
3Love of Life," at work of art.
In 1961 be writes, "Nobody has
3aughed in a Broadway theater
ifor years," which suggests he has
soot been visiting all the Broad-
-way theaters since the clays when
%e and Guy Bolton had five
Before you flare up at any-
one's faults, count ten -- ten of
your own!
1uSU 2? t962
P ttit Alit The SRN2 Hovercraft seems almost
b
libStlike as it is demonstrated on the Solent, the channel
etween Southern Eiigldrid and the Isle of Wight. The craft,
Which rides on a cushion of oir one foot over the water,
i'eachej speeds o It) trines an hour with its four jet turbine
Oilgirhig. It Is designecl to carry 75 passengers, but ton only
eperate taini vea,t6e, FiANCO' REVIEWS A Ii AkAbt Brie of four power groups berried the tegiene tile vtielVs