The Brussels Post, 1961-11-23, Page 3• e
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IV ROY* R. Barclay Worrell
BA., BD.
Growth Through Witnessing',
Acts 41 13.21
A witness about anything must
know the matter first-hand and
be vial* to communicate that
knowledge. A witness for Christ
must know Christ. Hearsay wilt
hot be effective, He, must have
an urge to share this knowledge,
Just before His ascension, Jea01
said to His disciples, "You wilt
receive power when the Holy
Spirit comes upon your, and yott
will bear witness for me,-" Acts
2;8. Here is the secret of wit-
nessing as is readily seen in the
history of the early church fol-
lowing the outpouring of the
Holy Spirit, The Memory Selee,
tion expresses the attitude of
those who are filled with the
Spirit. It is, "We cannot but
speak the things which we have
seen and heard." Acts 4:20,
It is an inspiring story. The
disciples were indeed the,light of
the world and the salt of the
earth as Jesus charged them
to be in His Sermon on the
Mount, But they used words, too.
They were bold in presenting
their testimony of Jesus Christ.
Gad eanetioned their teaching
with miraculous signs such as the
healing of the lame man at the
gate of the temple,
The disciples grew as they wit-
nessed. They were fervent in
prayer for the conviction and
conversion of their fellowmen.
Their preaching was evangelistic.
They urged people to make the
choice of Jesus Christ as Saviour
and Lord now. The pulpits of our
day spend too much time in the
edification of the saints. The
saints would need less nursing if
they were devoted to the task of
making more saints, They were
keen in evangelistic visitation.
They went from house to house
to win the people to present,
positive faith in Jesus Christ; and
then to build them up in the
faith. They were enthusiastic
about the task of witnessing,
A Christian must have exercise
if he is to grow. And witnessing
is the finest of exercise. The
world needs our witness, Let us
as Christians, be fully consecrat-
ed and filled with the Spirit, that
Jesus Christ may gain dominion
in the lives of more people,
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PlowH ing. HI4 Ole
3y Elophant
en ancient India, Hindu kings
goiml, into battle were wont to
use elephants as tanks to lead a
ehatge aeainst moray infantry
.eiel break up its maise d,
strength. When the kings felt
more peaceful, they used 'their
pots in elaborate temple proces-
sions or for e saunter through
the. streets, the local raja sitting
under a Olden "howdah"-seat
or .pavilion-to display to the
population his power and glory.
Ili •the'seventeenth century, the
Moghul Eniperqr Aurangeeb had
a special platoon. of • elephants,
operating as royal guardS in the-
palace gardens and seine of them
were trained to salute His Ma-
jesty as he passed by.
In modern India, there are just
as many elephants, if not more,.
but very few rajas and emperors
to maintain them, and the cost of
feeding these leviathans, or at
least those that are in captivity,
has become quite a problem, In
a few cases, ingenious officials
of the hard-pressed, under-
stocked Indian railways have
been using elephants in out-of-
the-way yards to shunt rolling
stock, But the process admitted-
ly is slow and not too many of
these four-legged shunting engi-
nes can be used at the same time.
About eight years ago, in the
heavily forested terai regions of
the Himalayas between. India
and Nepal, which were slated for
reclamation, planners decided to
use elephants instead of tractors
for plowing the reclaimed land,
There was talk at that time of
usiiig a thousand elephants sim-
ultaneously, but as sometimes
happens in these projects,. enthu-
siestri outstrips reason, for no one
thought of the time it takes to
trap; tame and train an elephant.
However, disappointments apart,
.after eight years of effort, those.
taking part in the experiment
have come forward to assert that
elephant-plowing definitely is
cheaper than tractor plowing,
that an average elephant can ,
plow seven acres per clay at a
cost of Bs .6 (about $1.20) per
acre whereas the tractor's cost
per acre is exactly double,
After much experimentation
also, three different types of
plow have been evolved for bar-
nessint to elephant power; the
first a two-furrow plow, the sec-
ond a three-furrow plow and a
harvester. Subject to the availa-
bility of this type of power, these
plows and harvesters now can be
mass-produced in the country.
Another problem overcome
was the harness for the ele-
phant's rather large neck. After
many designs had been rejected,
mostly by the elephant, a harness
of soft but strong rope was
evolved which seems to be suc-
cessful.
And so in parts of north In-
dia, particularly in the state of
Uttar Pradesh; can be seen the
strange sight of an elephant am-
bling up and down a field,
plowing deep and straight, while
Overhead fly jet fighters of the
Indian Air Force and along the
roads bordering the field ply
Indian - manufactured automo-
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WATER TAP - Inspectors 0. Lylley, right, and I3rewer
have set up a welter tap at Sevenaaks, Kent, England, They
check leaks or stoppage 'welter "hodiris for the water board
by listening to the rush, of the l iquid through the pipes.
Sa1001
SON
LOOKOUT ABOVE-Progress has caught up with forest fire lookouts, which once were
crude wooden, walk-up affairs. Now, in addition to running water, electric stoves and
other conveniences, a new tower near Molalla, Ore,, features an electric elevator. The
145-foot steel tower, maintained by a fire patrol association of forest landowners, over-
looks tree farm lands of Crown Zellerbach Corp. In close-up at right, Eugene Jacobson,
assistant district warden, takes off on the long ride to the top of the lookout tower.
IIEFARM FRONT
Jo
M iles. It is, however, a tYpieallv
ndien picture, fascinating in he
rinachonism, revealing all the
different stages of development
through which this country Is
passing, revealing also a welcome
initiative and enterprise in a
country short of fuel, short of
modern methods of locomotion
and the know-how to keep the
wheels turning smoothly, writes
Sharolth Sabavala in the Chris-
tian Science Monitor,
Apart from this, in modern In-
dia, where big-game hunting no-
longer is popular because it is
too expensive, there is •the prob-
lem of what to do with the ris-
ing population of pachyderms. In.
the Himalayan foothills, for in-
stance, the peasantry has grown
to dread the wild herds which
trample their crops during an-
nual migrations from Pithora-
mil to the forests of Hardwar,
a 500-mile trek which leaves in
its wake devastated fields, brok-
en orchards and sometimes de-
populated villages, An estimate
of wild elephants in this region
puts the figure at around 5,000.
To catch, tame and use these
elephants on the larger co-ope-
rative farms in north India is a
solution which the government
and the local peasantry are try-
lug out with considerable skill
and perserveraece, In the south,
the elephant still, is in traditional
use to haul timber, roll logs into
rivers and. carry merchandise
from one market center to.r'eie-
other, The motorist quite often
will see a whole convoy making
Its stately progress, a picturesque
sight, which can grow tiresome
when the "mahout"-driver- of
the elephant at the head of the
convoy has gone to sleep and all
the elephants have strayed to the
crown of the road, there to stand
gazing dreamily at the horizon.
To all the hooting, they merely
rather disdainfully flap their
huge ears, while the "mahout,"
equally impervious, gees on
sleeping. '
This . correspondent, traveling
in a baby Fiat by night along the
Grand.Trunk Road between Del-
hi and Calcutta, once crashed in-
to an elephant standing motion-
less across the road, with disas-
trous results to his vehicle and
very little damage to the ele-
phant. The "mahout," as usual,
was having his forty • winks and
so, apparently was the elephant.
There are many indians, there-
fore, who are more than glad
that the noble beast is being put
behind the plow.
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eucalyptus trees. leave reached
the amazing height of 825 feet.
Wondrous thing, a tree!
Most folks think balsa wood is
lightest. But they're wrong. Bal-
sa weighs about eight pounds a
cubic foot, white palo bobo de
ague weighs less than three
pounds a cubic foot.
The heaviest wood? Only 4
giant can lift black inanwood, up
to D3 pounds a cubic fOot.
The eucalyptus is credited with
fastest-growing, One, checked in
Central Africa, grew 45 feet in
two years.
Bamboo grows even faster, but
bamboo is not reailly a tree, but
a grass. One actually grew 16
inches in a single day,
The other extreme goes to the
Sitka spruce, A seedling took 9.8
years to reach a height of 11
inches, with a one-inch trunk.
This was, of course, under most
unfavorable growing conditions.
Today, with people fast grow-
ing tree conscious, trees are fed
to increase their growth. Tests
have proven that an application
of nitrogen sprayed on fir trees
via airplane, has d o u b 1 e d
growth, writes Grover Brinkman
in the Christian Science Monitor.
Even the trees in our back
yards and orchards are amazing.
Many of them have poisonous
qualities we never think about,
For instance, the leaves and
seeds of cherry, apple, plum and
peach trees contain a poisonous
glucoside.
Greatest threat to trees is not
insects, diseases, hurricanes, ice,
snow or hail storms - but fires.
In 1947, a typical year, there
were 200,299 forest fires report-
ed in the United States and they
burned more than 23,000,000
acres of forest, an area equal in
size to the state of Indiana. And
a lot of them were started by a
carelessly tossed cigarette or
match,
When George Pope Morris
(1802-1864) wrote "Woodman,
Spare that Tree," it was con-
ceded the most popular poem
about a tree. But then Alfred
Joyce Kilmer wrote "Trees," be-
fore he was killed in World War
I. There is doubt today which
of the two poems is the more
popular,
Trees aren't immune to hu-
mor, either. Ogden Nash did a
takeoff of Kihner's poem that
also serves as a reminder of how
beautiful trees are:
"I think that I shall never see
A billboard lovely as a tree.
. • •
I I
If entomologists are to control
the bugs, they will have to beat
them at their own game. If in-
sects use genetic tricks to coun-
ter insecticides, entomologists
will likewise have to use bio-
logical subtleties to defeat the
pests.
Or, to put it in the form of a
question, can men learn to use
the insect's reproductive ma-
chinery for purposes of insect
control.
They can and they have,
The most celebrated case to
date is that of .the eradication
of the screwworm fly from the
southeastern United States.
• This is a pest whose larvae in-
fest cattle, deer, and other ani-
mals. It has caused millions of
dollars of losses annually in
areas it inhabits. Chemicals have
afforded little control over the
flies. But before World War II,
two Department of Agriculture
entomologists, found the research
road that led to an effective
means of control,
Harry's Club
Is Very Exclusive
Back in the White House to
spend the night for the first time
since January 1953, former
President Harry Truman found
that despite all the redecorating
being done by Mrs. Jacqueline
Kennedy, his old black baby-
grand piano was still on the
premises. The Kennedys brought
it upstairs from the library for
the occasion. After a nostalgic
black-tie dinner (among the
guests: Maj. Gen, Harry H.
Vaughan, Dean Acheson, John
W. Snyder) in the East Room,
Truman heard one of his favor-
ite pianists (Eugene List) play
his favorite music (Chopin's
Waltz in A Flat, Opus 42) and
then. took over at the keyboard
himself to play Paderewski's
Minuet in G Minor. Truman was
in rare form. during his visit.
He took the time to describe
the right-wing John Birch So-
ciety as a "Ku Klux outfit with-
out-night-shirts," and he brought
down the house at the National
Press Club when he explained:
"Mr. (Herbert) Hoover and I
have formed a former Presi-
dents' association. He's_ president
and I'm'seeretary, The other ,fel-
low hasn't been taken in yet,''
CROSSWORD
PUZZLE
6. Correlative
of either
1. Large man
8. Contemptible
nelson
9. Fanatic
10. Eng,
composer
11. List
16, While
18. That thing
21. Expose
24. Garbed
26. Gastropod
mollusk
27. Hawaiian
wreath
28. Also
29. Incline the
head
30. Tavern
58. Nerve
network
59. Vehicle on
runners
60. Male child
51, War god
DOWN
1, Shoe latchets
2, Sheltered
3. Kind of
brandy
4. Small barrel
6, Shorten
ACROSS
1. Change
direction
(neut.)
5. Gear wheel
tooth
8. Russian
emperor
12 Century plant
10. Swiss canton
19. Air (comb.
form)
16. Mendicant
17. Helper
19..Tap. coin
20. Dwarf
22, Sward
23. 'Metric land
measure
25. Insect
26. Thus
27. Pithy
80. Between
(prefix)
83. Type
measure
54. Kind of
Sausage
86. Function
21. Loafed
89, Flesh of deer
4,1. Man's
nickname
42. Swamp
43. Note of the
scale
44, Conditions
46. Artistic
48. Auality
merican,
republic (ab.)
51.Zind of cloth
82. Drug-
yielding plant
66. Supplication
56. Name
meaning
Watchftil
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81. Self
32. Icing Arthur's
lance
35 Flowering
plant
38. Tenant
40. Complement
of a cup
42. The end
44, Demons
45. Containing
all possible
46. Six
47. Aloft
99. Glut
50. Playing card.
62. Boy
54. Period
67. Artificial
language
a A a 3 N 5 N a
the introduction of parasites that
would hold dawn the population
of an insect pest to tolerable
numbers.
The remedies that eventually
may be adopted will be many
and varied., But they will all
stem from the astute applica-
tion of a thorough knowledge of
the biology and ecology of the
insects themselves.
* *
It has been difficult in the
past to muster enthusiasm for
this approach, which requires
Years of basic research that must
be continuously supported whe-
ther an insect pest is in,evidence
or not.
The tendency has been to ne-
glect this kind of research and
then to apply poison sprays in a
panic when an emergency arose.
If men are really to achieve ef-
fective pest control without de-
structive side effects, they can-
not afford such a lack of vision
any longer.
Amazing Creations -
Trees Big And Small
Man can humble himself in
Sequoia National Park merely
by standing at the foot of one
of those forest giants. It took a
lot of growing to produce a tree
101 feet in circumference, 272
feet in height. The bark alone
is two feet thick on some of
these giant sequoias. Cut one
down and you have lumber to
build 35 five-room houses.
A whale is the biggest living
thing; the turtle lives the long-
est; a giraffe is the tallest thing
alive - but all these honors
belong also to a tree.
The blue whale is 108 feet
long, but the Cypress of Monte-
zuma in Mexico has a circum-
ference Of 160 feet. It takes 27
men with their arms out-
stretched to encircle it.
A turtle may live to 180 years,
but there are trees within. U.S.
borders ' estimated to be 3,300
years old, A monkey-bread tree
in French West Africa is report-
ed to be 5,150 years old; and the
Montezuma cypress is said to be
even older.
What this means is that trees
sprouting thousands of years be-
fore Jesus are still alive today.
The tallest giraffe can stretch
to 181/4 feet, but there's a red-
wood in Dyerville, Calif., that
measures 364 feet in height. A
Douglas fir, the victim of log-
gers in North Vancouver years
ago, was 417 feet tall. Australian
Indeed, unless the billboards fall,
I'll never see a tree at all."
O O 3 9 I V I
festations in its hi.Wry. A huge
fly "factory" was set up which
turned Out 50,000,000 sterile
males per week. These were re-
leasted in predetermined pat-
terns by a fleet of 20 aircraft.
When the program was fin-
ished, Florida's screwworm pop-
ulation was nil,
Although there is always the
possibility of a reinfestation
from other areas, quarantine
regulations help guard against
this. It is believed that•no case
of screwworm trouble has been
reported east of the Mississippi
since 1959. Were a fly invasion
to occur, the sterile male fac-
tory could be reactivated.
*
The work of Drs. Knipling and
Bushland has been widely hailed
as one of the most important de-
velopments ever to come from
Department of , Agriculture re-
search, or from any other agri-
cultural research establishment
for that matter. Yet it is only
a beginning, a first step toward
a revolutionary and promising
approach to insect control.
This is the kind of control that
is based on detailed biological
knowledge of the species in-
volved and that deals with that
particular species without dam-
aging others.
The sterile - male technique
looks promising for controlling
such other major pests as mos-
quitoes and tse-tse flies, But if
it should prove impractical, re-
search very dkiely could turn up
a workable alternative.
For example, in some cases it
may not be practical or econom-
ical to raise sterile males in the
quantities required or to distri-
bute them properly. But it might
be possible to introduce genetic
factors into the wild insect pop-
ulation that would spread nat-
urally throughout the popula-
tion and be unfavorable to its
survival. * *
Or perhaps one could breed
and release interracial hybrids
that would interbreed freely
with the pest species, producing
sterile females as offspring. Still
another technique might involve
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They were Dr. Edward F.
Knipling, now director of the
Department of Agriculture's En-
tomology Research Division, and
Dr. Raymond Bushland, now
taking charge of a new research
laboratory being established at
Fargo, North Dakota.
At first, their concept seemed
a wild dream, Theory was clear.
But practical means were indis-
cernible. In fact, they did not
become available until the 1950's. • . •
The central idea was simple
enough - induce the flies to
breed themselves out of exist-
ence, The entomologists had no-
ticed that the females mated
only once, while the males ma-
ted several times, If a female
mated with a sterile male, she
would produce no offspring. If
a significant number of sterile
males • could be introduced to
compete with normal males, the
fly population in a given area
could, theoretically, be drasti-
cally reduced, if not eliminated
entirely.
The question was how to breed
sterile males in large enough
quantities. • The answer was
found when scientists working
in other fields discovered that
doses of X rays or gamma rays
can render some insects sterile
without otherwise affecting them
or their normal behavior.
There is not space to tell of
the trials due to colleagues' skep-
ticisin, official indifference, and
lack of support that the two en-
tornolgists faced foe years, Their
Work often was done on their
own time and frequently had to
be shelved in favor of more
pressing assignments,
But with the tool of radioac-
tivity in hand, they were ready
to answer a call for help when
Curacao, hi the Netherlands An-
tilles, was suffering from a
screwworin-fly plague in 1953.
Males of an especially sexually
active strain were sterilized and
released over the island the fel-
lowing summer at a rate of 400
per square Mile, Within 14
weeks, the screwworm fly pep-
lation was decimated.
This was a boon to Ciiracati
goatherds. But it was only
pilot project for the Knipling-
Bushland technique. This was
proVed out hi a rnessive way in
an 18-inonth program in Florida
that ended in 4/tily, 1050,
* * *
The State had been suffering
one of the worst screwwortii in-
• A...:-.:aW.;=•. • .as
HIGH ON A BARREN HILL. Isolated chimneys stand without houses on a flame-swept hillside in Bel Air, Calif. One
Of the State's most severe brush fires razed most of the harries In this luxury section near Los Angeles,
,EV111.1,,