Loading...
HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Brussels Post, 1960-06-30, Page 6ea" .sas,eea•.:.4.1ee.4enttate TA LET KS eY Jam Andvews. forth Shook And, The Seas Heaved. ..• • •. There nettled no end to .the herSeri All, threngh, a long .and terrifying week, Chile, that thin sliver of A country that runs clown. the western coast of S.otttb, America, writhed in agony, Without respite, earthquake after earthquake convulsed, the land, ripping apart buildings And burying thousands in the. debris. In. the . mountains, six long-inactive volcanoes .errnpa, ed,spewing out boiling hot smoke, and ashes. In one corn, untnity at least eleven persons were immolated by the lava. "The whole world seemed to be shaking And. shivering;" one quake survivor said. "Every- thing danced in a terrible rhy- thm." When the dance of death Was done, 2 million Chileans ---a quarter f the country's papule,. tion — were homeless and fight, ing for bread and knl.ertzvney food stocks. But for others the terror was still to come. Giant sea waves set in motion by the quakes rel:- eel 6,•300 miles across the Passifie And smashed into Hawaii. rips .ping up .the city of Hilo, They eontinted ern to hit Japan, :eat- ing 150,000 people ha.eeeles.a. the Philippines. the toil from the. earthquake - triggered wail of water wee lighter. Some nine- teen dead and thieteen missing. Thee, in a freak af nature, the Philippines were hit by a second catecylsasic force Tropical storm Lucille lashed across the main island of Luzon with tor- rential rains and 50 to 70 mph winds. In her wake, rain poured. steadily down to eighteen straight home. Much of Manila, the capital city with a popula- tion of 2 million, was under wa- ter, The death toll..from drown- ing alone climbed near the 100 mark at the weekend., Lucille was in no way caused. by or connected with the Chilean earthquakes or the Pacific seis- mic sea waves. With summer. ap-• preaching in . the Northern He- misphere, • the season of the. biss storms had commenced in the Pacific. That week the Joint Ty- phoon Weather Center on 'Guam was already • looking out or signs of Lucille's succesors. For earthquakes, ho wave P, • there is no season or any way to search them out. Eighty per cent of the world's earthquakes occur in the wide circle that surrounds the Paci- fic. The cause of the tremors in, Chile seemed to lie in a line of cracks (faults) and weak spots in the earth's crust, beginning_. offshoreand sloping under the mountainous land. Slow pressure - built up tension along these lines until the crust finally let go in a series of upheavals, rocking the - long, :narrow land from end to end, setting off more quakes at other weak points, stoking up old volcanoes and creating new ones Since the first tremor hit on May 21, Chile has suffered a dozen earthquakes. The sixth one, Which was the biggest (equal to the .San Francisco quake in 1906), apparently caused an underwater landslide or similar disturbance that generated a train of s eismic sea, waves. The waves ("tidal waves" is a misnomer; since they have. nothing to do with tides) raced across the. Pacific at about 425 miles an hour, showing only. a 2 or 3-foot crest. But when the shock waves reached the gra- dually sloping shore of Hawaii, which produces such beautiful breakers for surf riders,, the wa- ter was .lifted up into a huge moving wall that rolled inland far hundreds of yards. Four big- waves hit HaWali within one hour, the biggest one 15 feet high, and with enough strength to pick up whole buildings and toss them across a street, This has happened before. But, until 1946, when 165 Ifawaiians Were killed, seismic waves were accepted as a fact of Pacific life, After that, the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey set up a seis- mic-sea-wave warning system — A chain of ten earthquake-re- cording stations and twenty wave-measuring stations around the Pacific. The system worked well, Ha- waiians were alerted to the pos- sible approach of damaging waves twelve hours in advance, and were told that disaster was indeed on the way five hours and 35 minutes before the waves struck. When they hit, just af- ter midnight, the houses and hotels along the beaches were virtually empty. Those who were killed had apparently ignored the sirens and radio broadcasts. Just after Hawaii received word of danger rushing toward. the island, five cabled warnings went out to Japan. The last mes- sage, advised that the "sea wave has spread across the Pacific," but at that time only two duty officers of Japan's Meteorologi- cal Agency were at their posts. Most of the others were at a pirzefight in Tokyo. No warn- ing was given to the hundreds Of thousands of rice farmers and. fishermen living in flimsy wood- en shacks along the shores of the Japanese Islands. Nine hours after the last warning was re- ceived, the waves struck. One of them was the largest wave in Japan's history. Except in a few villages, where early rising fishermen had looked. at the sea and guessed what was coming, the first warning to inhabitants was the arrival of the first wave — luckily, not the biggest. The next day, the agency di- rector tried to blame the warn- ing system. "The wave reports," he said, "referred only to waves in' the South Pacific," But a spokesman for the Coast and Geodetic Survey told Newsweek: "We sent our information. to Tokyo and the seismologist there knew it was a seismic wave. He's trying to cover up. He should have listened to the radio." By the end of the week, the agency director had sub- mitted his resignation. The seismic warning system proved that it can save lives when heeded by both officials and the public. But little can be done about the loss of pro- perty caused- by such waves. And, as of now, there is no de- fense against an earthquake. Un- til the land of Chile ages and settles down, its inhabitants will have to live in fear of more quakes. How To Make Your Freezer Save Can a freezer help to stretch. the food budget? There is a theory that with a freezer some- how the bank balance automatic- ally rises, although other thoan through the saving from buying meats in quantity, 'how this is accomplished is in some doubt. When economy is an object in meal planning, you must recog- nize that -food takes time to pre-, pare. If you buys heavily among packaged, canned, and frozen foods, you pay extra for the time someone spent preparing these foods. Canned. Soups have become such a household staple that some young cooks are sure prised to learn that similar but cheaper soups can be made at home. In our freezer, however, we WORRIED, examines DISCETTE — Distaff discus thrower Joan Bender, 13, serv- es up the big metal platter at a London, England, track and field meet. have learned to keep a large plastic bag in which we collect every scrap of uneaten meat, bone, or gristle. We use about 3 pounds of scraps, or their equiv- alent in a big roast bone or fowl carcass, simmer for three hours in two quarts of water and four tablespoons of vinegar and the result is a rich, flavorful stock. Seasoned, with added noodles, vegetables, or meat scraps, this can be made into a variety of soups. While accumulating all these ingredients, the bones, the stock, or the meats and veget- ables can wait in the freezer. We enjoy variety in our menus which we couldn't have before we had a freezer. Instead of the old routine of our childhood of turkey hot today, heated in gravy tomorrow, cold slices, sal- ad, and then hash, we can en- joy the fresh meat today and not have the follow-ups until next month if we choose. A freezer makes the largest cuts of meat more economical to buy than the smaller cuts, writes Margaret P. Beals in the Chris- tian Science Monitor. My sister, with a small fam- ily, buys a huge turkey for Thanksgiving; has the butcher split it, and freezes half for Christmas. The end of a roast or a few slices .of ham or corned beef can be ground and held for a quick-lunch hash later. Leftover gravy from chicken stew is held until some turkey scraps join it for a casserole. And tonight's lone remaining muffin or piece of cornbread pads out next week's lunch. Families that buy meat in quantity sometimes find that, instead of saving money, they are simply eating more meat. Cautious meal planning is necea- eery to avoid this pleasant but costly tendency, It takes good discipline to put hash on your menu when. there is a luscious roast or some tender chops in the freezer. Eggs are another food which. can be bought in quantity When the price is low, and frozen in several Ways, Fruits and veget- ables bought by the buehel eoh- stitute a saving, _ If you have a vegetable garderi, of course you can help the budget in a major Way. A family of nine bought no fresh Vegetables for Mee Months after freezing the produce of their garden. Q. Is it eensideked in toed taste feir a divorcee to insert Ma annoittletritent in the neWSPapits of het engageinent te a second Mau- A. This is allright. 'CJ u1 howevet, such an engagement is annoutioed merely by word-of- mouth to frialule shortly before the wedding. "Of the making of many books their is no end" according to the Bible, and that was written long before the flood of cookery books started coming off the presses. And today I thought you might like to hear something about some of the earliest and most famous of all these household guides. 0 0 Mrs. Beeton's book of House- hold Management, was written by Mary Isabella Beeton, was published just about 100 years ago. Today it is regarded as a highly desirable piece of Vic- toriana. Directed to budding house- wives of the period, it ran to 1680 pages of more than half a million words and it its time was a best seller, grossing over two million copies. No array of Vic- torian wedding gifts was com- plete without a copy to inspire and direct the bride in the taste- ful and tactful management of her new' household and, one might add, her new husband, for Mrs. Beeton had much discreet advice to offer concerning the man of the house. In this latter connection, Mrs. Beeton certainly practiced what she preached. It is recognized that her tireless devotion and love for an ailing husband and her desire to aid him in his busi- ness constituted the motivating force behind her hook, which was so richly rewarded in its massive sales. Prior to this, she had had good reason to observe the need for a manual on house- hold management, as we shall shortly see. The eldest of a family of 22 children, Mary .Isabella early be- gan to learn the rudiments of household management the hard, way, so that later ' she wrote: "What motivated me in the first instance to write a work like this was' the discovery of the suffering brought'upon men and women by household mismanage- ment." The force of this realization was to be wonderfully manifest in the comfort she later brought into the life of Samuel Orchart Beeton, the young publisher, she married in 1056 and whose busi- ness she did so much to prosper. Seldoni has there been, one gathers, such wholehearted and joyous collaboration between au- thor and publisher as there was in the emergence of Household lVlanagcment, produced by the House of Beeton, published by the House of Beeton, and dilig- ently promoted by the HoUse of Beet* If ever a work was pao- duced by a united family, House- hold Management. surely was it; Small wonder that it was to be- come one of the all-time best sellers in its chosen field, Mrs. Beeton produced more than a book on household man- agement. She recorded the modes and manners of One of the most celebrated periods of British 'history, a period best -re- membered, perhaps, far its faith- ful practice of the social graces. Other women emulated her and in our 'home today is a yelloWed copy of a no less tries- sive tome on household manage- ment, not far removed from Mrs. Beeton's own heyday. The edit- ors were two ladies 01 scholar- ship, assisted by several others professionally heeding such apa propriate institutions as a college of housecrafty a school of eoek- ery, a ladies' poultry club and a fern', Another lady editeitial as- soeiate was e lecturer on bee- keeping. The disciplines represented. by the entire editorial array Made a lengthy list. Between them, the group contributed more than 7,00,600 words of. text ori. what the preface described as the "do, Mestic Woman." "A glance at the ontents,"' Said the prefete,"Ali shOW ho\' 'Variedtht Met SubjeCts of special intereA k4 Wonnen.'i This Was something* Set besiteratatea ment. The list was so formidable that the editors declared that successful mastery required qualities demanded of a field marshal "and a few not unim- portant qualities in addition." Any fair-minded field marshal, reading the list, would undoubt- edly agree, writes Albert E. Nor- man in the Christian Science Monitor. The 700,000 word course in household management began with a study of the fundamen- tals of domestic architecture. The wisdom of this inclusion, it seemed, was to prevent young newlyweds from falling into the trap of buying a jerry-built house. No jerrybuilder could sell a house to a woman capable of judging the comparative merits of domestic construction as taught by this hook. In such sub- jects, the book was also a mine of sound information for hus- bands. Water supply was an impor- tant consideration in those dist- ant times, as the book revealed. In many homes, perhaps a ma- jority, in cities and towns, it was necessary to store water in tanks or "cisterns." How many house- holders today give more than a passing thought to the constant supply of pure water that is theirs at the turn of a faucet? But in grandmother's time, the young bride was wise to ask the builder just what arrangements were made for water supply. The illumination of the house was another matter requiring careful consideration, The "Edi- son light" that we today take so much for granted was not available. But there was "air gas," as it was called, generated on the premises, if you had the price of the equipment. How many young couples used it we .do not knoW, but in the spect- - men shopping list offered in the book, candles were never omit- ted as a regular item of stores: When inspecting the heating arrangements of .the new house, the bride was advised by the editors to look far fireplaces lined with brick rather than iron plates, the latter tending' to transfer the heat more readily up the chimney. For those who desired some elegance in heat- ing equipment, there was the "boudoir grate," described as "an almost perfect imitation of a homely log fire." As the name suggests, these harmonized best with' their 'surroundings when insalled in bedrooms, and the editors noted with evident satis- faction that this elegant piece of cast iron was "designed by a woman." In case the newlywed reader had not realized the potential gold mine represented in her husband's possible akills as a handyman about the place, the book gave her a reminding nudge that "some men have ,a taste for carpentering and carv- ing. Then how can this taste be • More satisfactorily employed than in the furnishing of the home?" A good question. In case the candidate carpenter should demur, there it was in black and white that "cosy window seats and pretty ottomans can, be turned out by the home 'oboe. stems and carpeetee at a trifling test." "Do not aim at handsome effects which :cannot be achieved With the small sum et Slate' corn-, island," wetted the editors, "Cheap iniitationa Should be shunned." That little escape: clause could have been insetted by a Skilled lawyer. ft terteih- ly (altered nOtecallaehtetieg grandpa a very bandy loophole. f.f grandpa was thereby sue- eeseful in not being pressed into knodking together cosy 'window slats and pretty ottomans, he still needed plenty of tact When it Came to Selection Of ftithish- ingS, the beak said that "Itriowl- • n alge Of the lite and eels 'of fur- iiihing is test attained by e perience, and for this reason the bride's Mother will often be able to make many useful sugges- tions." In those days, the bride's mother and the bridegroom's mother both knew, as, the beg* testifies, the importance of grandpa's getting a good dinner., To help keep him happy, the bride was advised, to serve some- thing along the following, lines for dinner: Iced Melon Clear Soup with. Quenelles Turbot with Shrimp Sauce Beef Creams with. Mushrooms Lamb with Mint Sauce Sorbet Boast Pheasants 'with Orange Salad Nest of Chestnuts with Cream jCheeseellSytraws Strawberry Ices Dessert It seems quite reasonable to conclude that any man, having had a dinner of that caliber, would not be averse to a little job of knocking together a few cosy window seats and pretty ottomans. The book laid great stress on tact, the editors devoting to the subject a good deal of the 37,000 words found in the chapter on Etiquette. Tact, as they pointed out, was not enough, Good man- ners also were essential. "Every period of history,'' they wrote, "had its recognized code of man- ners, and though the etiquette of our forefathers differed con- siderably front our own social rules, yet the governing prin- ciples of true paliteness have always had their foundation upon the practice of true kind- liness, courtesy and considera- tion for others; for 'Manners are not idle but the fruit of loyal nature and of noble mind!" To give practical direction to this advice, the editors quoted from a little 17th-century gem: The Accomplished Ladies' Rich Closet of Rarities, or The Ingen- ious Gentlewoman and Servant Maids' Delightful Companion. Refraining from inquisitive questions at the table of one's host was just as de rigueur then, as it is today. Thus The Accom- plished Ladies' Rich Closet of Rarities advised readers: "Be not inquisitive (for that is uncome- ly)to know what such a Fowl or such a Joynt cost, nor discourse of Bills of 'are. And again: "Eat not your spoon meat so hot that it makes your eyes water, nor be seen to blow it." One wonders whether the young bride of today has. such excellent and comprehensive sources of advice as those I have mentioned, and, if she has, to what extent she uses them. "People are easily entertain- ed," says a magazine. All you have to do is listen to them. French Made Easy Once upon a time, the ki,•.$, in ' Europe tried • to teach The results were fern,' times hilarious, new languagt. "fractured French" produced such adapt reoditiens as chateatter briand ("Watch out, The castle).* burning"), pas du tout .("father of two"), and Jeanne d'Arc ("INN light in the bathroOtle"). Of late, the U.S, Army has .gt1s.. en up the task as hopeless, Bt.** P4roOweelj'It has to Franco-American anew 44; lations, which may well fracture some ln future, Frenchmen, In an Army spolcesmah, .all U.S. military va, hicles in France will carry print- ed. Cards that "will enable Antes: rican drivers to help stranded, French motorists even if they cannot speak each other's lan- guage.!' Thus, when an Army truck whips along Route Na- tionale No, 7 and comes onto st French car parked by the way- side, the GI driver will stop and, with a flourish, hand a card est, the Frenchman which reads, in French: "Dear Fellow Driver: It ap- pears that you are having diffi- culty with your automobile and although I do not speak. French,. I would like to offer my assist- ance. If you would check the apa propriate sentence below, I will know how to assist you: 1—I am out of gas . 2—I have a flat tire and ant withouta spare . 3—My engine stopped and I do not know the cause, I need e mechanic . 4—Would you send someone from thrnext service station up, the road . . 5—I need to borrow some. tools. am not in any difficulty 7—I need an ambulance . . And what if the poor fellow is just parked and whiling away the time with his girl? Pas de, quoi, which means "Don't ask questions." • Kitchen Trick Most women have struggled with getting paraffin off of a jar of jam or jelly. Sometimes 1. press of the thumb would do AT but more often than not you got your fingers sticky, or, as a. last resort, you used a knife to pry it off. This last method usually re- sulted in your eating some bits of paraffin or in wasting some of the jelly. You took your choice! Gone is all this struggle, waste, and inconvenience, if, after you pour on the hot paraffin, you place a piece of string in it. The, string becomes anchored and serves as a handle when you are ready to open the jam, din ISSUE 27 — 1960 iff E BIKIN I '5 THE THING — The bikini is catching on according ifs storeS acrd the Country. More and More girls will depend stmt teed harikerchiefs arid 'hope this tut-Miler as ore these aurf- tiesiciitiiii0' having fun at o beach, PERCY? — Guinea pig Percy squats on a pillow while three-year-old Nina Sour* him with a stethoscope. Percy thinks its a megaphone. Styled For Slimming ;$4 THE CITY SHEATH keeps its perfect poise through luncheon or late-day occasions. styled to slim the short, fuller figure of a cool, carefree fabric of "Dacron" polystet fiber and "Orion"' acrylic fiber with a smooth silky texture. Printed Pattern 4681 eornes in Half Sizes 12te to 22l e, Send Pine, Ociita (stamps can- not be .acdepted, use pedal note for saCety) for each pattern.:. Sand to Aerie 'Adams, Box 1, 123 Eighteenth St., New Toronttii •Onl. Pleasil: 'print 'plainly' 1OUB NAME, AsitritESS* SIVE11 'NUMBER.' and :St/.l'.".5' Pk 11, a • fi* # AA A