HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Brussels Post, 1960-06-30, Page 6ea"
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TA LET KS
eY Jam Andvews.
forth Shook And,
The Seas Heaved. ..• • •.
There nettled no end to .the
herSeri All, threngh, a long .and
terrifying week, Chile, that thin
sliver of A country that runs
clown. the western coast of S.otttb,
America, writhed in agony,
Without respite, earthquake
after earthquake convulsed, the
land, ripping apart buildings
And burying thousands in the.
debris. In. the . mountains, six
long-inactive volcanoes .errnpa,
ed,spewing out boiling hot
smoke, and ashes. In one corn,
untnity at least eleven persons
were immolated by the lava.
"The whole world seemed to
be shaking And. shivering;" one
quake survivor said. "Every-
thing danced in a terrible rhy-
thm." When the dance of death
Was done, 2 million Chileans ---a
quarter f the country's papule,.
tion — were homeless and fight,
ing for bread and knl.ertzvney
food stocks.
But for others the terror was
still to come. Giant sea waves
set in motion by the quakes rel:-
eel 6,•300 miles across the Passifie
And smashed into Hawaii. rips
.ping up .the city of Hilo, They
eontinted ern to hit Japan, :eat-
ing 150,000 people ha.eeeles.a.
the Philippines. the toil from the.
earthquake - triggered wail of
water wee lighter. Some nine-
teen dead and thieteen missing.
Thee, in a freak af nature, the
Philippines were hit by a second
catecylsasic force Tropical
storm Lucille lashed across the
main island of Luzon with tor-
rential rains and 50 to 70 mph
winds. In her wake, rain poured.
steadily down to eighteen
straight home. Much of Manila,
the capital city with a popula-
tion of 2 million, was under wa-
ter, The death toll..from drown-
ing alone climbed near the 100
mark at the weekend.,
Lucille was in no way caused.
by or connected with the Chilean
earthquakes or the Pacific seis-
mic sea waves. With summer. ap-•
preaching in . the Northern He-
misphere, • the season of the. biss
storms had commenced in the
Pacific. That week the Joint Ty-
phoon Weather Center on 'Guam
was already • looking out or
signs of Lucille's succesors.
For earthquakes, ho wave P,
• there is no season or any way
to search them out.
Eighty per cent of the world's
earthquakes occur in the wide
circle that surrounds the Paci-
fic. The cause of the tremors in,
Chile seemed to lie in a line of
cracks (faults) and weak spots
in the earth's crust, beginning_.
offshoreand sloping under the
mountainous land. Slow pressure -
built up tension along these lines
until the crust finally let go in a
series of upheavals, rocking the -
long, :narrow land from end to
end, setting off more quakes at
other weak points, stoking up
old volcanoes and creating new
ones
Since the first tremor hit on
May 21, Chile has suffered a
dozen earthquakes. The sixth
one, Which was the biggest
(equal to the .San Francisco quake
in 1906), apparently caused an
underwater landslide or similar
disturbance that generated a
train of s eismic sea, waves.
The waves ("tidal waves"
is a misnomer; since they have.
nothing to do with tides) raced
across the. Pacific at about 425
miles an hour, showing only. a
2 or 3-foot crest. But when the
shock waves reached the gra-
dually sloping shore of Hawaii,
which produces such beautiful
breakers for surf riders,, the wa-
ter was .lifted up into a huge
moving wall that rolled inland
far hundreds of yards. Four big-
waves hit HaWali within one
hour, the biggest one 15 feet
high, and with enough strength
to pick up whole buildings and
toss them across a street,
This has happened before. But,
until 1946, when 165 Ifawaiians
Were killed, seismic waves were
accepted as a fact of Pacific life,
After that, the U.S. Coast and
Geodetic Survey set up a seis-
mic-sea-wave warning system —
A chain of ten earthquake-re-
cording stations and twenty
wave-measuring stations around
the Pacific.
The system worked well, Ha-
waiians were alerted to the pos-
sible approach of damaging
waves twelve hours in advance,
and were told that disaster was
indeed on the way five hours
and 35 minutes before the waves
struck. When they hit, just af-
ter midnight, the houses and
hotels along the beaches were
virtually empty. Those who were
killed had apparently ignored
the sirens and radio broadcasts.
Just after Hawaii received
word of danger rushing toward.
the island, five cabled warnings
went out to Japan. The last mes-
sage, advised that the "sea wave
has spread across the Pacific,"
but at that time only two duty
officers of Japan's Meteorologi-
cal Agency were at their posts.
Most of the others were at a
pirzefight in Tokyo. No warn-
ing was given to the hundreds
Of thousands of rice farmers and.
fishermen living in flimsy wood-
en shacks along the shores of
the Japanese Islands. Nine hours
after the last warning was re-
ceived, the waves struck. One
of them was the largest wave
in Japan's history. Except in a
few villages, where early rising
fishermen had looked. at the sea
and guessed what was coming,
the first warning to inhabitants
was the arrival of the first wave
— luckily, not the biggest.
The next day, the agency di-
rector tried to blame the warn-
ing system. "The wave reports,"
he said, "referred only to waves
in' the South Pacific," But a
spokesman for the Coast and
Geodetic Survey told Newsweek:
"We sent our information. to
Tokyo and the seismologist
there knew it was a seismic
wave. He's trying to cover up.
He should have listened to the
radio." By the end of the week,
the agency director had sub-
mitted his resignation.
The seismic warning system
proved that it can save lives
when heeded by both officials
and the public. But little can
be done about the loss of pro-
perty caused- by such waves.
And, as of now, there is no de-
fense against an earthquake. Un-
til the land of Chile ages and
settles down, its inhabitants will
have to live in fear of more
quakes.
How To Make Your
Freezer Save
Can a freezer help to stretch.
the food budget? There is a
theory that with a freezer some-
how the bank balance automatic-
ally rises, although other thoan
through the saving from buying
meats in quantity, 'how this is
accomplished is in some doubt.
When economy is an object in
meal planning, you must recog-
nize that -food takes time to pre-,
pare. If you buys heavily among
packaged, canned, and frozen
foods, you pay extra for the
time someone spent preparing
these foods. Canned. Soups have
become such a household staple
that some young cooks are sure
prised to learn that similar but
cheaper soups can be made at
home.
In our freezer, however, we
WORRIED,
examines
DISCETTE — Distaff discus
thrower Joan Bender, 13, serv-
es up the big metal platter at
a London, England, track and
field meet.
have learned to keep a large
plastic bag in which we collect
every scrap of uneaten meat,
bone, or gristle. We use about 3
pounds of scraps, or their equiv-
alent in a big roast bone or fowl
carcass, simmer for three hours
in two quarts of water and four
tablespoons of vinegar and the
result is a rich, flavorful stock.
Seasoned, with added noodles,
vegetables, or meat scraps, this
can be made into a variety of
soups. While accumulating all
these ingredients, the bones, the
stock, or the meats and veget-
ables can wait in the freezer.
We enjoy variety in our menus
which we couldn't have before
we had a freezer. Instead of the
old routine of our childhood of
turkey hot today, heated in
gravy tomorrow, cold slices, sal-
ad, and then hash, we can en-
joy the fresh meat today and
not have the follow-ups until
next month if we choose. A
freezer makes the largest cuts of
meat more economical to buy
than the smaller cuts, writes
Margaret P. Beals in the Chris-
tian Science Monitor.
My sister, with a small fam-
ily, buys a huge turkey for
Thanksgiving; has the butcher
split it, and freezes half for
Christmas. The end of a roast
or a few slices .of ham or corned
beef can be ground and held for
a quick-lunch hash later.
Leftover gravy from chicken
stew is held until some turkey
scraps join it for a casserole.
And tonight's lone remaining
muffin or piece of cornbread
pads out next week's lunch.
Families that buy meat in
quantity sometimes find that,
instead of saving money, they
are simply eating more meat.
Cautious meal planning is necea-
eery to avoid this pleasant but
costly tendency, It takes good
discipline to put hash on your
menu when. there is a luscious
roast or some tender chops in
the freezer.
Eggs are another food which.
can be bought in quantity When
the price is low, and frozen in
several Ways, Fruits and veget-
ables bought by the buehel eoh-
stitute a saving, _ If you have
a vegetable garderi, of course
you can help the budget in a
major Way. A family of nine
bought no fresh Vegetables for
Mee Months after freezing the
produce of their garden.
Q. Is it eensideked in toed
taste feir a divorcee to insert Ma
annoittletritent in the neWSPapits
of het engageinent te a second
Mau-
A. This is allright. 'CJ u1
howevet, such an engagement is
annoutioed merely by word-of-
mouth to frialule shortly before
the wedding.
"Of the making of many books
their is no end" according to the
Bible, and that was written long
before the flood of cookery books
started coming off the presses.
And today I thought you might
like to hear something about some
of the earliest and most famous
of all these household guides.
0 0
Mrs. Beeton's book of House-
hold Management, was written
by Mary Isabella Beeton, was
published just about 100 years
ago. Today it is regarded as a
highly desirable piece of Vic-
toriana.
Directed to budding house-
wives of the period, it ran to
1680 pages of more than half a
million words and it its time was
a best seller, grossing over two
million copies. No array of Vic-
torian wedding gifts was com-
plete without a copy to inspire
and direct the bride in the taste-
ful and tactful management of
her new' household and, one
might add, her new husband, for
Mrs. Beeton had much discreet
advice to offer concerning the
man of the house.
In this latter connection, Mrs.
Beeton certainly practiced what
she preached. It is recognized
that her tireless devotion and
love for an ailing husband and
her desire to aid him in his busi-
ness constituted the motivating
force behind her hook, which
was so richly rewarded in its
massive sales. Prior to this, she
had had good reason to observe
the need for a manual on house-
hold management, as we shall
shortly see.
The eldest of a family of 22
children, Mary .Isabella early be-
gan to learn the rudiments of
household management the hard,
way, so that later ' she wrote:
"What motivated me in the first
instance to write a work like
this was' the discovery of the
suffering brought'upon men and
women by household mismanage-
ment."
The force of this realization
was to be wonderfully manifest
in the comfort she later brought
into the life of Samuel Orchart
Beeton, the young publisher, she
married in 1056 and whose busi-
ness she did so much to prosper.
Seldoni has there been, one
gathers, such wholehearted and
joyous collaboration between au-
thor and publisher as there was
in the emergence of Household
lVlanagcment, produced by the
House of Beeton, published by
the House of Beeton, and dilig-
ently promoted by the HoUse of
Beet* If ever a work was pao-
duced by a united family, House-
hold Management. surely was it;
Small wonder that it was to be-
come one of the all-time best
sellers in its chosen field,
Mrs. Beeton produced more
than a book on household man-
agement. She recorded the
modes and manners of One of
the most celebrated periods of
British 'history, a period best -re-
membered, perhaps, far its faith-
ful practice of the social graces.
Other women emulated her
and in our 'home today is a
yelloWed copy of a no less tries-
sive tome on household manage-
ment, not far removed from Mrs.
Beeton's own heyday. The edit-
ors were two ladies 01 scholar-
ship, assisted by several others
professionally heeding such apa
propriate institutions as a college
of housecrafty a school of eoek-
ery, a ladies' poultry club and a
fern', Another lady editeitial as-
soeiate was e lecturer on bee-
keeping.
The disciplines represented. by
the entire editorial array Made a
lengthy list. Between them, the
group contributed more than
7,00,600 words of. text ori. what
the preface described as the "do,
Mestic Woman."
"A glance at the ontents,"'
Said the prefete,"Ali shOW ho\'
'Variedtht Met SubjeCts of
special intereA k4 Wonnen.'i This
Was something* Set besiteratatea
ment. The list was so formidable
that the editors declared that
successful mastery required
qualities demanded of a field
marshal "and a few not unim-
portant qualities in addition."
Any fair-minded field marshal,
reading the list, would undoubt-
edly agree, writes Albert E. Nor-
man in the Christian Science
Monitor.
The 700,000 word course in
household management began
with a study of the fundamen-
tals of domestic architecture.
The wisdom of this inclusion, it
seemed, was to prevent young
newlyweds from falling into the
trap of buying a jerry-built
house. No jerrybuilder could sell
a house to a woman capable of
judging the comparative merits
of domestic construction as
taught by this hook. In such sub-
jects, the book was also a mine
of sound information for hus-
bands.
Water supply was an impor-
tant consideration in those dist-
ant times, as the book revealed.
In many homes, perhaps a ma-
jority, in cities and towns, it was
necessary to store water in tanks
or "cisterns." How many house-
holders today give more than a
passing thought to the constant
supply of pure water that is
theirs at the turn of a faucet?
But in grandmother's time, the
young bride was wise to ask the
builder just what arrangements
were made for water supply.
The illumination of the house
was another matter requiring
careful consideration, The "Edi-
son light" that we today take
so much for granted was not
available. But there was "air
gas," as it was called, generated
on the premises, if you had the
price of the equipment. How
many young couples used it we
.do not knoW, but in the spect-
- men shopping list offered in the
book, candles were never omit-
ted as a regular item of stores:
When inspecting the heating
arrangements of .the new house,
the bride was advised by the
editors to look far fireplaces
lined with brick rather than iron
plates, the latter tending' to
transfer the heat more readily
up the chimney. For those who
desired some elegance in heat-
ing equipment, there was the
"boudoir grate," described as "an
almost perfect imitation of a
homely log fire." As the name
suggests, these harmonized best
with' their 'surroundings when
insalled in bedrooms, and the
editors noted with evident satis-
faction that this elegant piece of
cast iron was "designed by a
woman."
In case the newlywed reader
had not realized the potential
gold mine represented in her
husband's possible akills as a
handyman about the place, the
book gave her a reminding
nudge that "some men have ,a
taste for carpentering and carv-
ing. Then how can this taste be •
More satisfactorily employed
than in the furnishing of the
home?" A good question. In case
the candidate carpenter should
demur, there it was in black and
white that "cosy window seats
and pretty ottomans can, be
turned out by the home 'oboe.
stems and carpeetee at a trifling
test."
"Do not aim at handsome
effects which :cannot be achieved
With the small sum et Slate' corn-,
island," wetted the editors,
"Cheap iniitationa Should be
shunned." That little escape:
clause could have been insetted
by a Skilled lawyer. ft terteih-
ly (altered nOtecallaehtetieg
grandpa a very bandy loophole.
f.f grandpa was thereby sue-
eeseful in not being pressed into
knodking together cosy 'window
slats and pretty ottomans, he
still needed plenty of tact When
it Came to Selection Of ftithish-
ingS, the beak said that "Itriowl- •
n
alge Of the lite and eels 'of fur-
iiihing is test attained by e
perience, and for this reason the
bride's Mother will often be able
to make many useful sugges-
tions."
In those days, the bride's
mother and the bridegroom's
mother both knew, as, the beg*
testifies, the importance of
grandpa's getting a good dinner.,
To help keep him happy, the
bride was advised, to serve some-
thing along the following, lines
for dinner:
Iced Melon
Clear Soup with. Quenelles
Turbot with Shrimp Sauce
Beef Creams with. Mushrooms
Lamb with Mint Sauce
Sorbet
Boast Pheasants 'with Orange
Salad
Nest of Chestnuts with Cream
jCheeseellSytraws
Strawberry Ices
Dessert
It seems quite reasonable to
conclude that any man, having
had a dinner of that caliber,
would not be averse to a little
job of knocking together a few
cosy window seats and pretty
ottomans.
The book laid great stress on
tact, the editors devoting to the
subject a good deal of the 37,000
words found in the chapter on
Etiquette. Tact, as they pointed
out, was not enough, Good man-
ners also were essential. "Every
period of history,'' they wrote,
"had its recognized code of man-
ners, and though the etiquette
of our forefathers differed con-
siderably front our own social
rules, yet the governing prin-
ciples of true paliteness have
always had their foundation
upon the practice of true kind-
liness, courtesy and considera-
tion for others; for 'Manners are
not idle but the fruit of loyal
nature and of noble mind!"
To give practical direction to
this advice, the editors quoted
from a little 17th-century gem:
The Accomplished Ladies' Rich
Closet of Rarities, or The Ingen-
ious Gentlewoman and Servant
Maids' Delightful Companion.
Refraining from inquisitive
questions at the table of one's
host was just as de rigueur then,
as it is today. Thus The Accom-
plished Ladies' Rich Closet of
Rarities advised readers: "Be not
inquisitive (for that is uncome-
ly)to know what such a Fowl or
such a Joynt cost, nor discourse
of Bills of 'are. And again:
"Eat not your spoon meat so
hot that it makes your eyes
water, nor be seen to blow it."
One wonders whether the
young bride of today has. such
excellent and comprehensive
sources of advice as those I have
mentioned, and, if she has, to
what extent she uses them.
"People are easily entertain-
ed," says a magazine. All you
have to do is listen to them.
French Made Easy
Once upon a time, the ki,•.$,
in ' Europe tried • to teach
The results were fern,'
times hilarious, new languagt.
"fractured French" produced
such adapt reoditiens as chateatter
briand ("Watch out, The castle).*
burning"), pas du tout .("father
of two"), and Jeanne d'Arc ("INN
light in the bathroOtle").
Of late, the U.S, Army has .gt1s..
en up the task as hopeless, Bt.**
P4roOweelj'It has to Franco-American
anew
44;
lations, which may well fracture
some
ln future,
Frenchmen,
In an Army
spolcesmah, .all U.S. military va,
hicles in France will carry print-
ed. Cards that "will enable Antes:
rican drivers to help stranded,
French motorists even if they
cannot speak each other's lan-
guage.!' Thus, when an Army
truck whips along Route Na-
tionale No, 7 and comes onto st
French car parked by the way-
side, the GI driver will stop and,
with a flourish, hand a card est,
the Frenchman which reads, in
French:
"Dear Fellow Driver: It ap-
pears that you are having diffi-
culty with your automobile and
although I do not speak. French,.
I would like to offer my assist-
ance. If you would check the apa
propriate sentence below, I will
know how to assist you:
1—I am out of gas .
2—I have a flat tire and ant
withouta spare .
3—My engine stopped and I
do not know the cause, I need e
mechanic .
4—Would you send someone
from thrnext service station up,
the road . .
5—I need to borrow some. tools.
am not in any difficulty
7—I need an ambulance . .
And what if the poor fellow is
just parked and whiling away
the time with his girl? Pas de,
quoi, which means "Don't ask
questions." •
Kitchen Trick
Most women have struggled
with getting paraffin off of a jar
of jam or jelly. Sometimes 1.
press of the thumb would do AT
but more often than not you
got your fingers sticky, or, as a.
last resort, you used a knife to
pry it off.
This last method usually re-
sulted in your eating some bits
of paraffin or in wasting some
of the jelly. You took your
choice!
Gone is all this struggle, waste,
and inconvenience, if, after you
pour on the hot paraffin, you
place a piece of string in it. The,
string becomes anchored and
serves as a handle when you
are ready to open the jam,
din
ISSUE 27 — 1960
iff E BIKIN I '5 THE THING — The bikini is catching on according
ifs storeS acrd the Country. More and More girls will depend
stmt teed harikerchiefs arid 'hope this tut-Miler as ore these aurf-
tiesiciitiiii0' having fun at o beach,
PERCY? — Guinea pig Percy squats on a pillow while three-year-old Nina Sour*
him with a stethoscope. Percy thinks its a megaphone.
Styled For Slimming
;$4
THE CITY SHEATH keeps its perfect poise through luncheon or late-day occasions. styled to slim the short, fuller figure
of a cool, carefree fabric of "Dacron" polystet fiber and "Orion"'
acrylic fiber with a smooth silky texture. Printed Pattern 4681
eornes in Half Sizes 12te to 22l e, Send Pine, Ociita (stamps can-
not be .acdepted, use pedal note for saCety) for each pattern.:.
Sand to Aerie 'Adams, Box 1, 123 Eighteenth St., New Toronttii
•Onl. Pleasil: 'print 'plainly' 1OUB NAME, AsitritESS* SIVE11 'NUMBER.' and :St/.l'.".5'
Pk 11,
a • fi* # AA A