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The Brussels Post, 1959-08-27, Page 3TWO-WAY STRETCH - Neck-and-neck„ flamingos battle for a single tasty morsel' spotted under water at the zoo in Chess- ington, England. PHOTOFUN -At the Zoo '"'Didn't I •seis you slipping HT late. .this nintniiite i'Gef 164 'tat ihoot.A-ut of ..kad-da-&0" *Bomb Tamer Gets Plenty Of Work At work excavating gravel from a water-filled pit in Kent, England last month, a workman. Mt his scoop hit an Obstacle. He gave it an extra pull, and near fainted from fright: up came a 1,100-1b, bomb, a German dud from World War II, Within min- utes, the Royal Engineers' Bomb Disposal Unit at Horsham, Sus- sex was racing to the rescue, A few hours later, all was clear again, The bomb was expertly defused and trucked aff to a bomb graveyard where the ex- plosive filling could be steamed out in safety - at least for 'Itiant's homeowners, That ,,particular bomb was tame, but burly Major Arthur Hartley, 49, w'h o s e job since World. War II has been to take the bang out of bombs, says that Britain's dud problem is getting worse instead of better. Of 505 unexploded bombs still on the Home Office charts, about 50% are considered "safe," But the rest range up to 4,000-lb. "Satans" equipped with multiple fuses of fiendish design - and the British are .sure that there are hundreds more buried, unnoticed, deep in the soil. In many cases, the ex- plosive is getting more sensi- tive as the years pass. To stay ahead of the game, Britain's bomb men must call ,on a vast knowledge of chem- istry, a store of cold nerve, and .a touch as delicate as a Picca- dilly pickpocket's. Hartley's first step is to chart the bomb's' precise position by magnetic de- -tectors that reveal the depth, :how big the bomb is, how it lies. The trouble is that as bombs grow older, their metal tends to polarize with the earth, 'cancel out fine magnetic mea- surements. Hartley must know that a big, blocky' bomb like the 4,000-1b. Satan may wind up nose down, at a depth of 60 ft., while• a smaller, more rounded 'Heimann" (named for Goring) usually lies at 20 ft. or less, and nose up because of a retarder ring around . its nose. Finding the bomb is the least ,of it. Most German bombs had an electric fuse charged by cur- rent flowing through a long -telescopic arm at the moment .of release. When the bomb hit the ground, the shock worked a "trembler switch" that touch- ed off the bomb's main charge. After 14 years, these electric fuses are dead, but what about the clockwork fuses used to back them up? Answer: a mag- netic clock-stopper to freeze the -mechanism. The Germans were also very :nasty about anti-handling booby traps. One type of fuse was su- persensitized after the bomb bit the ground, with a switch ,so delicate that it could operate if the bomb shell was tapped -w ith a pencil.. Hartley's men learned 'to outwit some mechan- isms by injecting a quick-setting -plastic. If the bomb is too diffi- cult to defuse, they drill holes in its casing and melt out •the .explosive with live steam. Even steam' is 'no certain so- lution. The fat, 2,200-lb. Her- manns contain two. chemicals that react slowly with each other to form a •brown com- pound that can, explode when 'heated to 158°."E., well below the temperature of steam. Even worse are the bombs filled with ,explosive •containing aluminum powder and ammonium 'nitrate. Normally: insensitive, the stuff often deteriorates, forming a cavity filled with a' 'gaseous ni- lrogen oxide at high pressure and lined with skittish crystals that can be. detonated by rup- ture or friction, Td make such a bomb safe, a tube is,eased in to release the gas: "the wa- 'tar is injected to • dissolve the ammonium nitrate. It is a tense ,operation. When the water hits • CROSSWORD PUZZLE 2. On the aheltered side 8. abject. 4, 146.vIng light-coint.ed hair ' 5. Roof edge' 6. A President a nicknailie the erySt41S, the, bomb starts to crackle, says. 'Hartley,. "like a bunch of firecrackers,"' The crystals. heat up, Se .the water • must flow fast enough to keep them from getting tee hot. Most of the 200-odd men in the it Disposal Unit are ordinary military personnel who were assigned to duty as they would be to N.P., and they get no extra pay for their raising work, M for their iron- nerved leader, he .speaks with the pride of a skilled eraftsman. when he notes that no British bomb man has died at his work since the end of the war. Says Hartley.: "Personal risks never even occur to me." -from TIME, • Religious Quiz. Attracts Crowds Weldomed by '7,000 cheering spectators, two teams of trim, tense teen-agers marched into the huge Billy Sunday Taber- nacle in Winona Lake, Ind., one evening last month. Like base- ball fans, the crowd buzzed as the teams ran through the cham- pionship play-offs in the Bible quiz, sponsored by Protestant, non-denominational Youth fur Christ, got under way. After a long, arduous compe- tition that pitted 2,000 teams from the U.S., Canada and La- tin American against each other, the contestants from Minnea- polis and St. Louis, Mo., had reached the finals. The Minnea- polis five wore blue, yellow and white uniforms, the St. Louis team red and white diamond- checkered outfits.. Each contes- tant was to stay in his chair ' until sure of Quiz Master Jaek Hamilton's question. The chairs were wired to a central dial; thus as contestants popped up, judges could be certain who 'was first. Last week's quiz was limited' to the King James version uf. Luke and Epistle to the Gala- tians, and so thoroughly did the contestants know their subject that often a single key word was enough to indicate both question •and answer. As Ham- ilton slowly began, "How does one frustrate . . .", St. Louis Captain Kruse was already on his feet. While his teammates silently prayed for him, he con- centrated for 20 of the 30 sec- onds allotted him, then finish- ed the question, ". . . frustrate the grace of. God?" He went on to fire the correct answer (from Galatians 2:21): "By saying that righteousness come by the law instead of by grace." A little later, St. Louis' Lin- da Fletcher missed a question. She jumped as soon as she heard Hamilton say, "According to verses 34• and 35, what five . . .'• but she could not remember the rest of the question from Luke II, i.e., "What five things did the Samaritan do for the man who fell among thieves?" Undaunted, ,Linda redeemed her team's loss on the very next question: "Why did Jesus speak . ." Said Linda, completing the question: ". . in parables?" Her answer:' "That seeing they might not see, and hearing they might not understand (Luke 8: 10)." Too fast for Minneapolis, St. Louis won by 60 points. Said. the losers' captain, Bill Holler).- beck: "We learn, from quizzing how to take Christ into all areas of our' lives, We say, 'Come on, ' Christ, you take.over.' We. don't know how the answers come to us. We learn what a miracle it is when he comes into us and works through us. After we ex- perience that in quizzing, we, learn to live in complete sub- mission to his will." In Santa Cruz, Calif., Roger La Jeunes and. Harvey Stovall were arrested 'after they put up 36 signs along the beach: "Please de not feed the sharks." 7. Therefore 29: Pantrlea AI Stumbled 30, Sileaka Crain 9. 'Amelia fplica meinori 10. Frosted a 32 116 deficient cake 33,. farm building , 11., FlOwer Plata . 34, Utters bitter I S. Torn detintieintioati 13..Clon Vey 35 Ileadlinora 20. Fproperty 36. Pierce. latfish 97. Set of three 22. Ettiliglikitteii t 38: We itrer4 23. Reinibiitte. ., reed 24. Siithiner drink 99, Strike 'With 25, Birds Of peace missilet 26. First decimal 40, Whirlpool number 42. Spring 27. Queer 45, That thing , Makes His Living Getting Bitten. For Nelson Smith, it was a normal morning's work. A few minutes after he arrived en the job, he sat down, took off his watch and casually plunged his arm into a glass cage full of MO'S,: quitoes, He withdrew it after 60' seconds, The result was satisfec- lory: 200 bites, 'Reassured by the "biting rate" that the, mos- quitoes were healthy and hun- gry. Smith spent the rest of the morning painting his arm with various test insect repellents and thrusting it back into the cage. Two bites in a three-minute in- terval meant the repellant had fllunked the test - which was the case with all the chemical compounds tested that morning at the U.S. Department of Agri- culutrer's entomology laboratory at Orlando, Fla. When his morning 'stint was over, ,Smith said matter-of- factly: "I think this is a very in- teresting job - althuogh I don't believe many people would want it." Undoubtedly, millions of Americans, plagued by the an- nual summer onslaught of in- sects, would agree, though they would certainly applaud Smith's lofty mission. He and two asso- ciates, Dick Fye, 35, and Rouselle Sutton, 35. (Mr. Florida of 1953) are engaged in a series of experi- ments to find better all-purpose insect repellents, for both civil- ian and military uses. Smith, a fair-skinned man with receding sandy hair, has worked fifteen of his 36 years as a bio- logical aide at Orlando --- a hu- man guinea pig in the• serach for effective 'repellents. He has been bitten a million times by mos- quitoes, ticks, chiggers, flies, and fleas, but it's living ($5,000 a year). "You don't pay much at- tenion to them." he said. "You learn to live with them." One problem being investi- RIVER ROMANCE - Sailing to- ward TV viewers this fall on his ',Riverboat" will be. Darren McGavin. Shown with him on the deck of the 1840-type sternwheeler is Madlyn Rhue. gated by USDA has occurred to most victims - why do, insects prefer to dine" on some persons rather than others? Researchers have found that the amount of moisture, carbon, dioxide, and oils gien,off by the skin are fac- tors inolved. But the essential, reason remains a mystery. How ever, the best all,purpose re- pellent yet developed is diethyl- toluarnide (sold under the trade neme "Off") -- which summer campers can apply to clothing or skin. Smith is nonchalant about the risks of catching an insect-borne disease. "I suppose there's a pos- sibility. But I'm more ant to get hit by a bus crossing the street." MilitangSkmthter Texans, should be among the first - to back the move in Con- gress .! to .halt extreme cruelty' in hithting wild horses 'and burros on federal Ian& in the West. There are only about 20,000 mustangs left on these national PreaerVea,, ••according' to Mon- tatia'S :Sett 'Mike Manafield. Once Texa§ ]n the dais Of; the OPeri'refige,, there .gre, no triustangCleft here' itt'their ' t1tt State. 414tiatatig and 41 bittre - hunters ttSe3.1OW.71iYing airplarlea and MOW' vehicles • to drive the t, animals out of_ their,•,retreatOlii the: MOtintaitiap on federal pre- serves Final capture and drag- tine off -tet SlatighterhotiSeS, of the terrified animals are also said to be clone inhumanely, teriatOr, Man:afield and fella* backers ;of lies proposal to Out latv such hunting say that hun,, Clredi•pi. thOnsands of .these haVe.• been • butchered to provide canned.-pet food,. Unless Checked.i the. Mustang: may soon ,gO, the way Of the bUffaleas an almost extract 'species:bands' Morning News One answer to the marketing problems 'of Canada's booming apple industry is to pep up the sale of apple juice. * • • The Economics Division, Can- ada", Depart/tient of Agriculture, reports that, two years ago Canadians consumed the equiv- alent of 51 ..pounds of fruit and vegetables per person' in the forin of canned and concentrated juices. But less than 15 per cent of this fruit was apples. Orange juice led the sales parade. Grape- fruit rivaled apples and tomatoes outsold them, • • • Again last year, Canadians consumed about four pounds of apple juice per person, or a total of 67.2 million pounds. This ac- counted for nearly two 'and a half' million' bushels - about 15 per- cent of the total crop of 16.7 million bushels. * * • A recent study by the Eco- nomics: Division of consumer preferences for apples in Mont- real, Que,, showed that almost half of the interviewed families had not bought any apple juice in a year, Three-fifths of them had not bought .any during the month preceding the interviews. Nevertheless, there was a small group of families who used a lot of apple juice. Six per cent said they served it almost every day and 13 per cent said they served it two or three times a week. , Only' 15 per cent of .the inter- viewed families expressed an in- terest in vitaminized apple juice. However,. this 15 per cent purchased 45 per cent. of the juice' reported for the month preceding the interviews, They bought about four and a half times as much apple juice per family as the others. • • • Greater awareness of the value of vitaminized apple juice as a good substitute for citrus prod- ucts in the diet might provide a strong stimulus to the con- sumption of apple juices, econo- mists feel. * * Consumers indirectly dictate the make-up of the average Canadian apple orchard, A change in variety prefer- ence requires. a more rapid re- placement than is demanded by the age of the tree, says R. P. Longley of the Kentville, Nova Scotia Federal Research Station. * An apple tree, he explains, , has an •econoinidal life of 40 , years and, if left untouched, could survive for more than a century.'' Twenty years ago, five varie- ties accounted' for more than .500,000 trees or 38.5 per cent of all apple trees. * Today, the most sought-after varieties are IVIcIritosh and the best strain's of Red Yield, "as well AS pride, Is a guide to profit, and at the Kent- vine SWUM, McIntosh has yield- ed 90' per cent 'more than Got, den Thissett.• Beat returns from a young orchard: are obtained when trees ,grOwzi rapidly, adViaes+ Leigley, Good' locations on geed Sella; kept Clean by' cultivating and hoeing for at beat five Yearsi Will enstire rapid, growth; • ••• ,•••••'• • '" '• • •••• ISStz 19st Those Trademarks Are Important From TV screen, billboard, and printed page, Americans are bombarded daily with thousands of trademarked signs, symbols, And trick words, each with some- thing to sell and each with a• heavy load of the selling job to carry, In an era of hot c,,oro- petition, proliferating productaF and mass communication, the 350,00Q trademarks registered with the U,S. Patent Ofnee have become more than simple marks of identity since simple iden- tification is not enough to reach the benumbed eyes and ears of the U.S, consumer, As the pub- lic forms opines faster, says New York industrial designer Nor- man Schoelles, "it is essential that the corporation say who it is, what it does, and how it diff- ers from competitors, quickly and efficiently. Call it what you will, it's an indespensable part of marketing today," Just how indispensable was pointed up last month in a suit filed by the Jay S. Conley Co,, a California manufacturer of chemical cleaning products, which claimed that its very ex- istence hung on two words, 1: "JeeSie," the brand name that Conley claims it has been using for four years. Word 2: "Genie," the brand name for a new liquid detergent just introduced by giant Colgate-Palmolive. Co. Su- ing for infringement of its trade- mark patent, Conley claimed that the confusion had already cut into its sales and led many customers to believe it had sold out to Colgate. Colgate, with a $1.8 million advertising cam- paign for Genie at stake, filed a counterclaim, assorting that Conley's trademark applied only to chemicals, not detergents. Colgate, what's more, wasn't the only big soapmaker seeing double bubbles last week. A tele- Avib ad agency disclosed that it has been plugging an Israeli- made liquid detergent call "Mr. Kleen' for no less than four years; the Israeli Mr. Kleen look- ed nothing like Procter & Gam- ble's muscular "Mr. Clean" (all- purpose liquid cleanser intro- duced last year), but curiously enough had "dress and manner- isms" similar to' Lever Brothers' „"Handy-Andy" (another liquid ,; cleaner introduced last year). With some 20,000 new trade- mark applicatiOns flowing into „Washington each year, this kind J>f cimfusion is being steadily compounded. In the brand-happy consumer industries, tiatteries or Company lawyers keep Watch on rival companies for infringement of trademarks. Coca-Cola, pos- sibly the most infringed-Upon company in the world, has for the licensing of new varieties of certain crops and for the grading of registered seed pro- duced under crop pedigree certi- ficates of the Canadian Seed Grower's' Association. Too, it is in connection with this Act that seed testing la- boratories are maintained by the department of agriculture. fought and won literally hund- reds of suits to protect booth oCoca-Cola" and "Coke" (al- though it can't claim exclusive use of the "Cola" part •of its name, 440 this is, .a generic: term for a typ of bean). Fame can be a trademarle$ worst enemy, since eorntnort age may make it a part of the language. Recalling', what hap; pened, to "aspirin,"" cellophane, "celttloid," "nylon," escalator" and "zipper" (all good trade. arks until the court ruled them in the public domain), firms like Minnesota Mining & Manufac- turing (Scotch Brand tape), Chesebrough Manufacturing (Vaseline), and Johnson & John-, son (Band-Aid) are constantly watching for (and protesting) generic use of their brand names, Along with the batteries of lawyers come the industrial de- signers, motivational research- ers; and other Madison Avenue denizens who have swarmed into the field. Time was when a trade. mark might spring full-blown from a company president's brow; three underwear makers named. Bradley Voorhis, and Day merely combined their initials to create a brand name that swept the world and Harley T. Procter found a name for his new float- ing soap in church when he heard a phrase from the 45tit Psalm (". , . out of the ivory palaces whereby they have made thee glad"). - From NEWSWEEK Upsidedown to Prevent Peeking MHO ©©OHO 000 OWU DUMUM viii OUEMUWO MUMS UMEMBO IMMOUU• WOO UM= OMUU OW= UV DUO ODOM ©DU GIB SUMO MOE ounow OME 00UUMO EMUOWEI OUWOU UWOMMUM Ubn 0000W UWD UULI BOUM WOO COUNT 'EM - This American 'flag was around more than 50 years until the Hamer C. Knep. per family, discovered 80 stars. Daughter Sandra Lee stands be- side the overspangled banner. And, he adds, spraying is as important as soil culture. • • * A bill revising the Seeds Act has been passed by Parliament and it is expected it may go into effect July 1 next year, when proclaimed by Governor-in- Council. Meanwhile, talks will, be held between Canada Department of Agriculture. officials' and organ- ized groups representing pro- ducer, merchandising, consumer and other interests, throughout. Canada. These ,discussions will provide an opportunity of obtaining a cross-section of opinion on the proposed regulations under the Act. * • • Purpose of the bill was to re- , verse the Seeds Act to meet re- cent trends and development in the production, processing and merchandising of seeds. No sub- stantive changes in policy were made. The, Act enusres reliability of seeds sold to Canadian farm- ers. The first legislation in' this field was introduced in 1905 and the present Act has been on the statute books since 1923. * • * The Act and its regulations establish quality standards for seeds for such factors as ger- mination and •purity; require im- ported , seed to meet minimum quality standards; and provide ACROSS 1. Mining chisel 4 Quadruped'''- 9, Sinai] Codlike flab. 12. Beverage 13. Toil 14.,. First-rate (Collod.) 15. Cenanra. 17,, Loafed' 15. Tran(01. 20. Rates of .. fil I 21_1 ffilaw „1 22, Cantera PaY0fid time ,, p4tie6tott . 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