HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Brussels Post, 1957-05-15, Page 6"Too Much Money Made Chimps Bums Trout Just How To. Catch a Friendly Foes.
A few weeks ago. Ruth Brown was' fatally crippled. Though
only 22 she could not breathe. lying down, her blood pressuile
and heart beat were almost out of control. The slightest exer-
tion caused her heart to fail. Her heart pumped blood into an
artery but it ran right back into the heart because a valve was
not functioning properly. But advanced medical science has
given her life back to her. A man-made plastic valve, right,
now controls the blood from her heart. It was inserted by a
skilled team of surgeons at St. Mary Hospital using a delicate
technique first reported in 1954. A newly developed heart
pump is used to detour the circulatory system while the valve
is inserted.
r,-
:
TABU TALKS
elate Ambew5.
anglers never forgive you
7. Don't worry if 4111'1,y-season.
cold water angling is unpro.
ductive. The colder the water,
the less the trout feeds.
should begin to expect readier
by around May 30th in northerr
watet.s,
The angler must remembei
that trout are like people, They
normally eat only at certain,
times or' when a free breadline
(like a sudden hatch of insects)
becomes available,
The rising and waning light
of dawn and evening usually are•
the most productive but really
large trout often feed only in,
the black of night,
To catch a six-pound brown
trout for example keep visiting•
a good stream until you deter-'
mine where one habitually
feeds, You can often hear him
splash at night at the side of a
big pool.
Once located, wait for
moonless night, wade carefully
in position and cast a big black
fly, retricving it in slow jerks;
after it has sunk to the bottom..
Do this until your arm is ready
to drop off. Maybe sooner than
you expect, you'll be fast to him.
For some curious reason,,
there are few night fishermen
working the streams today. A
few states do not permit night
angling for 'trout, and • certain
waters, are taboo in other `"re-
gions. So be sure to consult local
laws.
13ut, by and large, most Amer-
ican trout waters are , open to.
the nocturnal trout angler, and
theSe days they're the 'one most
likely to take really large trout
—rainbows, browns and, brooks.
One further word of caution,
about this night-fishing busi-
ness; make certain you have
test-waded your locations dur-
ing daylight so' that you can
avoid deep holes. The use of a
flashlight--45r •'evert a match at
night usually puts a big feeding
fish down for hours.
But remetnber—sneak up on
'em, keep' 'otit of sight, avoid
vibration, present the lure na-
turally and without fuss or fan-
fare and don't try to handle, at
first, a long line. — By Clayt•
Sonars in The Police Gazette.
RICH DISH
Even in his early days at San
Diego z90 ft Was obvious that
the chimpanzee, Trader, had
,better developed business in
stincta than most chimps. He
was always searching his cage
for odd bits of wood or other
material, which he would then
Offer to anyone who was stand-
frig around.
It was Ms way of shopping,
for he expected spme tit-bit in
return, And he got ft. So much
°‘110 that he went in continual
danger of overeating.
But Trader's stay at San Diego
did not last for very long. One
day a psychologist happened to
'Visit the zoo, and was most in-
began
gued by his behaviour. He
ader's business faculties might
to wonder h 0 w far
he developed, and he persuaded
the authorities to sell him.
At home he set about systema-
tic training. The first thing to
!o was to develop a sense of
Loney — the idea that only cer-
in things could be used to buy
good — and for this the psycho-
iogist chose poker chips..
Trader soon got the idea.
Whenever he wanted anything
lie fetched a poker chip from a
cox at one end of the room. He
handed this over and was at
once given his reward.
Could Trader master the use
of coins of different value? The
single box of mixed poker chips
was replaced by four boxes,
each containing chips of a dif-
ferent colour. Whenever he
fetched a red chip and paid it
in he was given a piece of
orange.A slice of banana cost a
white chip, and a piece of bread
tt green one.
In a matter of a few weeks
Trader had mastered this simple
monetary system, and certainly
used it nth the best advantage.
At Yale University Dr. Wolfe
lies carried similar experiments
with half a dozen chimpanzees a
good deal further. The animals
have learned to use a slot ma-
chine and also to work for their
chips. A special slot machine
Was.devised that would deliver
0.1 grape each time a chip was
inserted. Small brass counters
were also supplied, and although
they would go into the slot, they
did not produce a grape.
After a very few lessons all
tax chimpanzees had not only
learned to put chips and coun-
ters into the slot machine, but
were already discarding the
Sitting at a table in a high,
school cafeteria at Ann Arbor,,
Donald Taylor ordered chicken.
A la king. The dish was served
to, him. Imagine his surprise
when his questing fork picked
out a diamond and gold ring
subsequently valued at $400.
trout" bteirkel tackle, clbuudtsg worth rods ir'tlithoeft
bend like the neck of a swan
and lures guaranteed to tickle
the fancy of any squaretail in
the lake; I have yakked to tac-
kie salesmen behind dozens of
counters and I have batted the
breeze for nights on end with
trout anglers in every fisher- , bar
nicaenn'tsCat faortro5ull"mile—but
This ,annual tale of woe is as
common a complaint with the
growing army of novice anglers
as fallen arches.
It just isn't possible to solve
this anguishing problem entire-
ly in a few paltry paragraphs;
if eve'ry new trout fisherman
would follow a few common-
sense rules there'd be far fewer
wails of woe and a lot more fish
in their brand-new creels:
1. Pick at first, la' small brook
known to have trout. It need
only- be a couple of feet wide
winding calmly through a mea-
l?* 2, Sneak up on the stream
with soft footfalls and never let
your head come within the vi;
sion of a potential fish.
3. Step as far from the bank
as possible and gently,,,drop in
the lure—such as a worm, a
small minnow or one of those
little gold spinners. Move the
lure carefully, still keeping out
of sight of the fish. Let it sink
and jerk it slowly to the sur-
face. Do this several times. If
unproductive, move quietly to
another spot. Keep doing this
with infinite patience. You are
bound to catch a trout.
Once you take a fish, you will
understand that they can be
taken. if they are not in the least
alarmed and usually only then.
4. Once you have learned the
initial lesson, go with confidence
to a larger water and, watching,
how others do it, even attempt
the use of flies, If you want to'
use a dry fly, sneak up on. a
little hole and drop , it gently at
the end of a four-foot line on
the surface near the bank. Soon
you will understand how trout
rise to a dry fly and then you
can go on to master the art of
casting in your own back yard.
5. To fish in big and heavily
fished eastern streams note care-
fully the hours, methods and
spots used by local fishermen.
Then act accordingly.
6. Never invade the fishing
territory being used at the mo-
ment by another angler and
under no circumstances ever
tramp heavily around in the
water. This is like stalking deer
with a dinner bell—and other
After you've had a beef or
pork roast for dinner, combine
what is left with scalloped po-
tatoes in an interesting ' cas-
serole.
MEAT-POTATO CASSEROLE
6 medium potatoes, peeled
and sliced •
2 tablespoons flour
11/4 teaspoons salt
Pepper'
2 medium onions sliced
1-2 cups sliced beef or pork
2 tablespoons butter or other '
fat
11/2 cups hot milk
- Place a layer of potatoes in
greased baking dish and. sprin-
kle with flour, salt and pepper.
Add a few slices of onion and a
layer. of. meat. " Continue until
all potatoes, onions and meat
are 'used, making the top layer
potatoes. Sprinkle top with salt,
pepper and flour,• and abt with
butter. Add- hot milk. Bake at
350° F. for about an hour, or
until potatoes are tender. (Bak-
ing time may be cut, by par-
boiling potatoes before prepar-
ing casserole.)
brass counters as they realized
that these gave them no re',
Ward rrCen then on whenever a
,nixed handful of chips and
counters. Was thrown down an to
the floor there was an unseemly
scramble for the Chips, and much
snatching from one another. Hut
the counters were completely
ignored,
Dr. WOlfe's next aim was to
see bow far chimpanzees could
learn to work for a reward, and
for this he constructed a work
machine. This consisted of a
handle requiring an 18 lb....force
to move it, When it was lifted to
its maximum extent, a grape was
revealed and could be picked
out.
This happened every time the
handle was lifted, so that the
total reward was, proportional
to the amount of work done.
The idea was mastered in two
or three day.
The chimps had now, learned
the value of money, and they
had also got the idea of work-
ing for a direct reward. Were
they capable of learning to
work, not for grapes, but for
money that could be then used
to buy grapes?
To find this out Dr. Wolfe
modified his work machine so
that when the handle was lift-
ed a poker chip appeared in-
stead of a grape. The slot ma-
chine from which .grapes could
then be bought Was standing
in another part of the room.
Sure enough all six of them
soon got the hang of this, and •
there was much rushing to and
fro between work machine and
slot machine. Now came the
stiffest test of all, designed to
bring the chimps more into
line with the wroking man, who
does his work for money which
he will not spend immediately
but some time later. First of all
the work machine was made
available on its own, the slot ma-
chine only being brought in an
hour later. This delay was grad-
ually extended until chips work-
ed for one day could not be
spent until the next.
Once again the chimps Under-
stood, but the interesting thing
this time was that different in-
dividuals showed different re-
actions. There were the thrifty
ones, who were quite content
to work hard and save their
money until the opportunity
arose to spend it. Others,
though, obviously corresponded
to the human. spendthrift. They
were most reluctant to work un-
less they could claim an im-
mediate reward, and conse-
quently usually had, very little
money behind them when the
slot machine appeared.
Does security make people
less willing to work to' the best
of their ability? Hard to say,
but it seemed to be the case
with the chimps, even the more
thrifty ones. If he was broke
when. the work machine arrived,
the most energetic member of
the party 'usually worked very
hard, lifting the handle at least
100 times. 'But if he was given
thirty chips to start with he
would only bother? to work for
about a dozen more.
Money often brings out the
worst in man, and it seems to
have had a similar effect on
some of the chimps. With in.-
creased money came moral de-
gradation. Some attempted to
monopolize the work machine and
amass fortunes they could not
hope to spend, and although
they would not think of snatch-
ing food from each other, they
would stop at nothing in their
effdits to, rob one another of
chips. Husbands would approp-
riate the whole of their wives'
earnings, reluctantly returning
the odd'chip when they protest-
ed!:"
NOSE KNOWS per-
fect condition after 45 years,
this can of beans adds a final
chapter to a tragedy. During
current Antarctic explorations,
It was found in a cache where,
It had been left by Capt. Robert
Falcon Scott in 1911. The .food
was never used because the
party of five perished on their
return trip from the South Pole.
The can is held by Peter Scott,
son of the explorer, after it was
opened in Greenford, England.
How To Grow Dill
GIRL CRAZY? — Trying to get
a woman off his mind seems a
tough job for this nightmarish
Bliture in a surrealistic oil paint-
:rag exhibited in Antwerp, Bel-
glum, by Dutch painter Johan
Kaopmans. He calls it "Life
Without Issue" and says it por-
trays -a couple tired of each
other but hopelessly bound.
TRAIL-BLAZER—l'he public ',ill soon be able to-see a modell
of the very first home radio set ever put'on 'the market — way'
back in the radio dawn of 1905, Ina ceremony at Dearborn,.
Hugo Gernsback, 72-year-old inv,enfet, presented 'models of .
his transmitter •and receiver to the Henry Ford Museum. Germs,
back's right hand_ rests on the transmitter model. The entire
outfit cost $7.50 when it first went on sale.-
Vessels of Hope
It is a haPpy coincidence that
the good ships Susan Constant,
DisCovery and Godspeed, should
arrive in Washington on the first
day of spring, a time of hope
and renewal. Nominally,• the
journey, from England of the
pint-sized craft commemorates
the 350th anniversary of tile
arrival of America's first colon-
ists at Jamestown. But it is more
than that. The graceful replicas
also serve as a vivid reminder
that this land was settled by men
who dared to sail an uncharted
sea to an unknown destination
in vessels little bigger than a
lifeboat on a modern ocean liner.
Visitors will be able to inspect
the flagship, Susan Constant. A
tour of the ship should give, a
first-hand savor of the great
age of adventure and discovery.
in which the seeds of American
democracy were first planted on
Virginia's shores. The pilgrim-
age of the three wonderfully
named ships acts as a salty tonic
in a time :when anxiety and
timidity blind many of us to 'the
new horizons of adventure open-
ed by the atomic age.—Washing-
ton Post and Times Herald.
* * • *
Combine mushroOths, rice,
cheese and almonds in this Cas-
serole, cover it, and cook from
45 to 60 minutes without Watch-,
RICE-CHEESE CASSEROLE
'A cup canned inushrecinit,
Sterna and pieces
1 .•)a,nbiolenqffittni finely chopped
54.1- cup coarsely chopped al,
1 motablespoon butter
cup uncooked rice
2 ptaatserons finely chopped
1/2 cup grated cheese
1)4 teaspoon salt
Few grains pepper
1 teaspoon meat extract
11/2 cups boiling, water and
ninahrOOM liquid
Drain mushroom's and save
4'liquid, Lightly brown Mush-
l'enirts, (Mien and alinondS in
butter,. Add ride, parsley,' and
grated cheese : thoroughly,
need- mixture in baking dish.
Add Salt, pepper and Meat ex
tract to the water and Mile&
robin ligitid, and petit over ride
mixture. CoVer, sake At. 350 6
F • for 46-66 Minutes, de &ail'
ride IA done.
WEDDING DAY IN PRAGUE—Olyrnolo sham Harold Connally and •his bride; Czech ifilyroPle'
afar Olga Fikotova Ore flanked by CteCli othlelei Mr. and Mrs: Emil Z a to p ek a ftertheft,
marriage Prague. The CaririellyS were married in three ceremoniescivil, Catholic anci
PrOteStant, Thousands of Czechs left offices, shops and homes to cheer and dance in the.
iitree'tS d'i th., couple' wet: Wed in the biggest marriage the'cintient city h as teen' in hundred!.
Of years'
TASTE -FOR ART—Unlike the -tartlet-lore zoo's famed finger-paint-
'leg chimp Betiy, the Cincinnati zoo's thinipantee, proved a,
complete butt as an artist. He ate the art stuff but only
kterally, a'• session with, finger and eciriVas he produced no tdiabtd pairifirigt 7-1Utt gitibey shears. Then he' protedded 'fa.
filt &Wit Weilf trifle and started chewing: Up the datiVat.,
Unique Plastid -
Heart Valve •
Saves a Life
Criminals and pOlicemen are
not, always deadly enemies, This.
Was clearly ShOWn at the funeral
of an old policeman when Amelia
the, mourners there were several
shitty-eyed characters Who. were
certainly not fellow-officers 1.
In London, recently, detec-
tive who had served as a ser,
geant-major in the Commandos.
arrested a man for stealing
copper from a warehouse, Later,
court, the detective spoke on
behalf of his prisoner, He said
that the mart • had served with
hint. in. the Commandos where
he had found.. him to be honest,
dependable and highly courag-
eous.
"It was a shock for me," said
the detective," to have to arrest.
him on these charges." The
magistrate took a lenient view,
but told. the prisoner that he
owed his leniency to what the
detective had said,
In. New York, in 1940, a girl
was held up by three bandits
and robbed just outside her
home. At an identification par-
ade she picked out a man as
being one of the bandits, His
criminal record meant .that he
would get a very stiff sentence,
but a detective was positive that
the girl had made a mistake. He
spent all his spare time investi-
gating the case, tracked down a
crook with an amazing re-
semblance to the accused, and
secured the release of an
innocent man.
•
Stuffed ham slices, baked in
the oven, make delightful eat-
ing. Of course you can use your
own favorite recipe for the
stuffing, but this one, using pine-
apple is really something spe-
cial.
STUFFED HAM SLICES ,,
2 tablespoons. shortening
3 tablespoons chopped onions
1 quart soft bread crumbs
34 teaspoon salt
Dash pepper
1 (1 pound) can crushed pine-
apple, drained
2 center slices ham, 3/4 -inch,
thick
1/2 cup brown sugar
3/2 cup dry bread crumbs
2 tablespoons melted butter
•3/4, cup water
1 tablespoon dry mustard '
1 tablespoon vinegar.
Melt., shortening, in a skillet,.
add onions, and sauté until
tender. Combine With soft bread
crumbs, salt, pepper, and pine-
apple. Place 1 slice of ham in
shallow roasting pan. Spread
pineapple stuffing over it; cover
with second ham slice. Combine
brown sugar, dry 'bread crumbs,
butter, water, 'mustard, and
vinegar. Spread this mixture
over top ham slice. Bake at 350°
F. for 1 hour. Baste occasionally
with pineapple juice drained
from pineapple, 6-8 servings.
* * * ,
If ,you want to bake a whole,
or half ham, instead of ham
slices, serve it with the raisin
sauce. It's good too on slices, of
course.
RAISIN SAUCE
1/2 cup brown sugar
2 tablespoons cornstarch
I/8 teaspoon salt
2 tablespoons horseradish
1 tablespoon brown prepared
mustard
VI, cup vinegar
1 cup water
% cup raisins
Mix sugar, cornstarch, and
salt in a suacepan. Blend in
horseradish and mustard. Add
vinegar and water and heat un-
til mixture becomes clear and
thickened, stirring constantly.
Stir in raisins, Makes 1 1/2 cups
sauce.
If you have never had a big
clump of dill growing among
your flow.ers in a sunny, well
drained bed, you might be sur-
prised to know that this lovely
graceful fernlike plant is more
than merely a source of ripened
seeds to put into a pickle jar.
Not only will your dill season
some of those cucumbers when
pickling time comes around, but
you will find a soft stem, strip-
ped of its featherlike foliage,
chopped into one inch lengths
and dropped into a stew or laid
in your roasting pan, adds a
piquant and pleasing flavor to
many meat dishes.
To be sure, after you have put
just the right quantity of the
ripened seed, vinegar, and brine
into that jar you can label it
"Dill" and let it vie with your
•sour pickles, you sweet pickleS,
your "bread-and-butters." But
all the summer a big plant of
dill. in the flower bed, provides
such a wealth of feathery green
that it is a pleasing contrast to
the bright hues of your zinnias
and 'marigolds.
The dill looks very much like
asparagus, which flower lovers
often use with cut flowers. Fur-
thermore; it has a spicy, pungent
Odor, not so strong as that which
meets the nose when a jar of dill
pickles is newly 'opened, and it
is a fast growing plant. In fact
I begin cuting back our dill in
the early spring, or it would be
tee) big for the space,
It is an exceedingly generous
herb, for once you have raised'
One fairly gocid-sized plant, you
Will find any number of &nailer
dilly doming tip from the parent
stalk where its seeds have fallen
or been blown iii its
There Will be enough.small
Seedlings to give to many Of
yont gardening friendS, for once
their tittestioiv., "What 18 that?"'
has been answered, they too;
*111 *ant dill plants,