HomeMy WebLinkAboutHuron Signal, 1850-05-16, Page 114 ,,. , . --"
TEN It li l L L IG tl t
rr AAAAm t;a• e S
•
VOLUME III.
Ipattrg.
From the Americas Citizen.
THE TIME TO DiE.
IT OAST or - -- 010.1..
Wb.s is it 1 wires ehildho- od is fresh se4 green,
Aso thesilvery lassie rugs clear,
Aad die Gooey brew with ilea settee sheen
Is free from the touch e( sate,
Is that the dee for the eye to close
Arad aha hp be hushed to its hart rote
Ah as! fee a gentle moihn's grief
Weald be shed o'er her early toot:
Aad the Ws of that &ewer would seem toe brief
Te be blighted by Death's field frost,
Whea dor spirit is fres as Ma soft wiod's
breath.
Oh week it sot chill at the thoeght■ of
death ?
When alit? when rook has subdued the g!re
Aad gam it • gentler toes.;
Aad the dreams et childhood Mm erased to be
Aod tM brow has more theugirifel grown,
And aim( speaks forth is the Mimosa eye,
Oh I tell roe, is this they, a time to die T
Ah no ! tor the youthful heart 1s warm,
Aad cold is the situ* grave :
And the tempest rode, sad the wintry storm
Would risere is their wildness rave:
Aad assay • lip would forget to smile,
If the Ivied were sleeping is death the while.
Wises Is 1t? when •`e shall have dim'd the eye.
Aadf.rmwed tM brow and eheek
Aad the sdlv.y treks which above them Fie.
O( seamy • wins. *peek:
Wald Ma woes wee rest from bis labors
Mee.
Aad dwell w more 'raid the haus of tura 1
Ab. so! thosgk du rummer of life be put.
And rime se the form hath told.
There is s spell o•ee the spirit net,
Whose isloesee weer grows old.
Thor is se age so the berms kurt—
Ob) when slaseld at alai, from its life depart?
LABOUR.
aT cosestea - V. ease.
Hr ! ye wheat tM un- it toil,
And strike the seesdi.g blow.
When from the burning iron's breast
TM sparks 8y to sad fro,
While aesureleg te the Mmmer's rise,
TtIll fire's istaieer gem —
Oh ! while ye feel 'tis hard to reit
Aed sweet the leas day through.
Rsrm cab. it is harder still
Ta have se work to do.
He ! r who till tM'tsbbera sotl,
Whale had bands Aide the plough.
Who heed helloed' dew Demmer son,
Wish burlier' .hock and brew—
Ye deem dm cares adtt chap to earth
From .Id.e time till Dow !
Bet whets ye ked 'tis Mrd to toil
Asd !sheer all day through,
Ream:ober 1t is Miler mitt
Te bargee Werk to do.
He ! ye wipe 'leech the see's him field—
Wha ride the restl.m ware,
Breda& w►.so gdlaet newel'. keel
Term 111. 5 yawaiag grave,
Armed whom hark the woltry wiede
Like friends .f fury rave
Ob ! while ye feel 'tie hard to toil
And labour long hoer. through,
Remembee it is border milt
T. haus* wort to d..
H. ! ye epee wbaw fevered cheeks
The keens glow i. bright,
Where meats' toil wears oat the day
Aad half the weary eight,
Who labour for the Goole .1 men,
Champions et trot sed right—
AMhough gee feet reef toil i. hard,
Ems with this glorious view,
Remember it is haler still
Te bars Nweektode.
Ile ! all who labour—all who strive—
Ye wield a lofty power :
Do with year might, do with you stresgtb,
Fill every (oldies hour !
The giorius pri.ikge to do
Tv maa's meet amble dewer,
Oh ! t. your .w • sesk's be tree!
A weep wombed life is thein
Wbe have se week to do.
AGRICULTURE.
air
THE ASH OP' PLANTS.
Cosdoesed from • ve- ry vateable and ela-
borate article in Morton's Cyclopedia of
Agriculture, now publishing by Meters.
Mackie k Son Glasgow.
•' when ordinary wood, or coal, or say
Plast is horsed, a certain amount eif isenm
b.etible matter remains behind, cepa-
dolly known as ashes. Them consist
of the misers!' asterisk, which the plants
forming the wood or coal have taken from
the soil, and retained within themselves.—
is feel they are u indispensable to the
growth of the plant, as the carbon and wa-
ter wbiett forms its principal bulk. With -
est their aid, many of the most important
eseatitwats of the plaint could not be pro
dosed, and on their presence depends much
of the valise of s Neil or a manure for the
growth of crepe. The composition and
ales the quantity of ashes is very mut-
ably seeereeg to the hied of plants
hem which they have been derived; bot,
within email thefts, they are constant for
the same ktsd of crops. It dose, Indeed,
son.titmes happen that one ingredient is
snbetilst.d for soother; bet he meth cats
the new .ubAasees has very moeb the Same
sheslee! cher icters and properttee as that
whiei it replaces."
The pertamelsr quo*iu of mineral Toed.
whish the diflbrest kiods of plants draw
Meer tis sea, are ansrtgirj Ue analy-
sis of their ashes; but. "it would he of little
nautical valeta Y ridgy Andy gent the
mese e1 the whole put; berm** d$A►rent
psty d tilt lut.ffjiAitpelly cos-
�A� {W d, resoIs1 iselmSS
�.. 1 cal 1 1011111
"THE GREATEST POSSIBLE GOOD TO TBR GREATR8T POSBIBLR NUMBER."
GODRRICH, COUNTY OF HURON, (C. W.) THURSDAY, MAY 16, 1850. ,
the tuber of the potatoe contains in it aslies
re much as eighty-six parts io the hundred
of the salts of potash and soda, while the
herb contains only four parts of the earns
basin. The herb of the potato. contain
as much as fifty -eine parte of the salts of
lime and magnesia, sed thirty-six part.. of
alien; while the tuber enese..es only (our•
teen parts of the former and none of the
latter."
Again; suppose • farmer has removed
twenty tone of turoips from an acre of hie
I int, and desires to ascertain the quentrty
of mineral food they have abstracted from
the soil, the simplest calculation mettles
him to arrive at the result. "Twenty
tons are equal to 44,800 lbs.; now s■ a
hundred parts or pounds of turnips contain
0.66 of ash by one analysis; 43,800 lbs must
contain, in round numbers, 295 lbs of ash.
The larger proportion of wheat consists of
alkalies, there being about 184 the of potash
alone."
" A good crop of barley is on an average
forty bushels per imperial acre, though fre-
queotly more, the estimated weight of the
bushel being fifty-two lbs; the weight of
theatre, as estimated to be, ono .fourth more
than the grain.
lo 2080 lbs of barley grata 49 the min. food,
In 4000 lbs do. straw 159 dn.
Total 808 lbs.
"The produce of a fair average crop of
oats may be takes at fifty bosh.le, weigh-
ing 40 pounds the bushel; the produce of
the straw, being taken at two-thirds more
than the grain.
in 2000 Ibe oat grain, SKIM mineral food.
la 33321bs oat straw, 170 lbs do.
^_
Total 22e lbs.
"Oats it will thus be seen extract a pro•
portiunstely largo quantity of inorganic in-
gredients from the soil. The ingredients
are is the following proportione:"—
P.ttash 9.72.•••32,54.•••42.26
Sods 1.44••••18.47••••17.9*
Magnesia•• 4.24.••. 6.48.•••10.88
Lime 2.87.•••13.71••••15.119
Phosphoric Aetd • 10.65. •.. 4.35... • 14.90
Sulphuric Aetd•••.0.75...• 5.54•••• 6.89
8tliea t7.30••••82.31••.109.61
Peroxide of iroe
and loee..1.92.... 8.65.... 9.27
Chloride of sodium 0.11, • • • .... 0.11
-
68.0 170.0 9117.00
Thee analyses confirm the notion Omar.
fathers, that • crop of barley or bur was
easier on the iaed than one of oats. • They
also enable the farmer to see et a glance,
what he must restore of inorganic material
to the land, is order to keep up its fertility.
Of courer, as the straw draws from the
land by far the larger proportion of the in-
organic meterial to the land, thou who are
is the habit of restoring great pert of it
saturated with urine, as a eon.titutent of
their farm -yard dung, will require a much
le.e quantity of inorganic manure than
those who sell It off the land, or even con•
sums it •11—as the Rev, Mr. !hatable
doe.—as fowl. And, as to the rine, our
or:mon to, that the most valuable form in
which it can be employed as ■ manure, is
when •bwrbed eo straw, chaff and what-
ever debris the homestead affords; our groat
aim in our own practice is sever to allow
the liquid, is Any other shape, to pees the
bye -door. A great object with the farrier
' Mold be, by all swam in hie power, to
iserease the bulk, as well as the quality
of his cereal crops: for in cooneetion with
abundant green crops, this will ensure
abundasee of the Mat m••rn•, whole a
starved soil perpectnates attrvatron.
BUTTER MAKING FOR MARKET.
a 0000 WSOUTIOT.
Mr. Edit.:—Yoe an aware that there ie
mach dittrre.ee in the quality of the better
venally sold in our town' and eines: and we
who make and, a well as these who bay, suffer
great injoniesaed incoaveaieoee, seating from
the fact that many purehasscs are not good
lodges of better, old cameos distinguish the
good from the bed, and bet very few are willing
to pay enough difference in price to compes•ate
those who take extra pains to produce • redly
nice a•tiele. Then spin butter often looks nice
in market, when on trial it is found bad, and iM
buyer does et kaow the sate of the maker .
'ender.
Now to remedy in part them evils, would it
n ot be well if each butter maker would sew •
stamp by which to mark the name or the initials
of the maker's same ea the rolls, and always
.ole the some ',tamp. This woold excite emelt'.
thee smug the batter makers; and teeert a bet-
ter gsmtity of butter; sod biome would sem
learn to direeimuste between them whom stamp
could be relied no f. • good article of butter,
old thew of doubtful sbareeter. Them stamps
ecoid sully be made by •e iagmelees mechanic,
If there woo • demand for theme WMt Osis\
yoga that piss, Mr. E41teel i
Reapeetfslly, u.,
Iii. R. CHOAT.
Millbrook, 0., Marsh S, 1850.
Remotes —We tbiak that the wggw,lem is
first rate : and Imps ermine of ewe good better
makers will wart the menet, at mow . ethers
will nese follow, sad Meer wbe asset . will
D IN tasks • gad artiste, will he sharer drives
eel ei the umbel -re Yue —Oki. Cadairearv,
IMPROVEMENT OF CLAY LANDS.
The change that has been wrought to the wet,
tenacious clay toils of Elegised and Scotl.od,
by means of thorough drooling, and trench or
sub -soil ploughing is truly ma,velbss. ',twee
improvements have been going on most rapidly
within the last dozen years, and the produce in
most instances has been doubled, ie some
trebled, and even quadrupled. Too much praise
cannot be given to Mr. Smith, o(Deanstou, who
ranks among those enterprising todividuale, that
first wakened up the public mind to the impor-
tance and practicability of these impruvemeats.
Although is Canada, an eapeoditure so large
as thee* operations cost in the old country, is not
required, sot would it be profitable, yet much
might be done,—sod we think meet Ire 4ea41,—
in this direction, before our Agnea!ture els
settle dowa ender any intelligible system ofcor-
rret principles, and fully remunerate our most
intelligent and spirited cultivators.
AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION.
We are happy to learn that at the College of
Cker•bly, measures are about to be adopted to
ensure Scientific Agricultural Edoeatioo. A
firm of 54 acres attached to the College, will
be cultivated on the but principles, and Agri-
eulterel Chemistry will be carefully studied.—
This uasgetneet we understood, is to take place
from the first day of May, 1750.—Montreal
Pilot.
O•cma RD,—Look well to peach tree', and
nes that the peach worm is not at work. Poor
boiling water on the lower part of the trunk
near the graved, and If a sufficient quantity be
used it will cook the worm without say iojary to
the tree : we have tried it fairly, and are well
eo•viaced that even three gallons of bailie(
water may be seed without any injury r to the
trees. Maoure tree' old re:olleet that they re-
gain) cultivation. Attend to preparation of
. eines early and graft such trees u require it.
Maeoax roe Eacrr Tiers.—Dr. Keeaieott
a leade•g eurserym.a asd fruit grower at ;Chi-
cago, mys for frit trees a•d especially. the
apple and quince, he has fated barnyard mammy
half decayed chips, charcoal and Gabes, mixed
serviceable. He had tried him but without bene-
fit, Incept u smell peaty spots. Yard manure
alone, p•rt.e.larly for peaches, plums sod cher-
ries, is deemed inpnous, and should not corse
is contact with the rootofany tree until! thrones•
ly rotted -
LINCOLN EI ECTION.
TRIUMPHANT RETURN -OF THE
HON. W.H. MERRITT ! ! !
Fronds* Journal and Eapreas.
On Saturday last, lbs day appointed fir
the Lincoln Election, we started for St.
Catbanner, to hear the speeches, see the
doings of opposition candidates, ' (if any
should venture eo to stultify themselves,)
and jut down such matters of interest as
might chance to turn up. 8t. Catharines
is one of. the prettiest Towns in Canada,
build on a high ridge, with t.be wetland Ca-
n al creeping round its base. It possesses
immense water power which is not wasted,
several well-built churches .which appear to
he put to good uses. numbers of neat stores
which are melted by plenty of customers,
and an intelligent population not at all
backward in improving the extraordinary
advantages which nature and art hare so
profusely. placed at their deposal. The
Town Hall, just completed, is a fine build-
ing, and would be an ornament to a much
larger place than 8t. Cotherinea. There
are two newspapers printed there—the
Journal and Constitutional, which are both
very creditable specimens of the Canadian
Press, and diffuse the usual weekly amount
of puhticai information. Si. Catherine'
may, without the slightest exagerailon, be
termed the Lovell of Canada, and promisee
yet to become as important a place, as
that noted reccplicle nfall the marriageable
maidens in the New England. On Saturday
morning a drizzling ram ,pet in, which con• I
tinued until after 12 o'clock, and seemed to
diminish -considerably the numbers of the
expected 'whence. At 1i o'clock W.
Krwesls,Li., Esq., Sherif, for rise United
Counties of Lincoln, Welland, and hist h-
mand, ascended a platform erected in the
Public Square, and read the Writ and Pro-
clamations, after which W. Woonat•rr, E.q.
proposed, andM DRAT, Eeq., seconded.
W. H. MKRIIITT, Esq., and n, other canal
Bete appearing, be was declared duly elect-
ed. The pelting ram rendered any attempts
at speaking there, • matter out of question,
and it was decided logo to the Town Hill,
en that the member (or Lincoln should have
an opportunity of explaining his views, and
those of the Government, upon the leading
questions of the day. The crowd scent -
Jingly made a rush for the building me•i-
tweeJ, and after being opened it was speed-
ily very well filled with such of the yeo-
manry of Lincoln, as eared to brave the
storm. We should seipjtoee that there
were between 600 of 800 perones prosiest.
Before giving the speech of Mr. Mu-
RITT, we would acknowledge the courtesy
displayed by the good people of 81. Catha-
rines, in providing for the convenience of
the Preto, and we cnmmesd their example
as worthy of imitation, by officials mneb
more aspiring, sed places poseeosi.g greater
ideas of their own importance. %V. Woos-
aotar, Req., havieg briefly .gots introdseed
the newly elected member :—
Mr. MwRUTT roue aad sad in substance
11
follow. —
There were hew men more fortunate in
retaining the confidence of their friends
than himself, and who enjoyed an equal for-
►esrasce from opponeuta. This was the
peened t1UN he bed bees returned for iria-
eole, and hot felt highly the boner, but It
was the first timeliest Ittihad as opportuni-
ty of addrw■img hie eewelhte.Rey as a mess.,
her of the Oovernis.st. Hitherto be bed
beim before them se • member for Limo'''.
bet sow every sae fres Gasp. to B•sd-
•
._ -ar
' wish felt interested in the result of this
election. He did nut come there to declare
that public feeling was fully satisfied—he
knew that there was great diecontsit
throughout the Country—he knew this be -
,
fore he pelted the Government at eli—and
told ba conetetuer.ts so at Cie la•t general
election. Bot it wad rho duty of the peo-
ple to art with judgement, not to look at
the airfare of 'hinge, and not to *imply
say ibis or that measure has created all the
IJuconient. Meng !
eserall were not in-
sane, and did not oppose governoterts with-
out some cause. He knew that there were
causes existent in Canada, and he would
endeavor briefly to point them out. The
Union Act was the first came : it origins.
ted without the conical of Canadian., and
placed Upper Canada in a peculiar pavilion.
The People of the Upper Province had eon
strutted Peiblic Works at great expense,
and then found another power tetertcring,
and saying that 'here woe absolute neceei-
ty on account of them, that the two pro, -
winces .hnuld be united. The Lower Ca•
Indians held the outlet to tie ocean, from
the great West. and this was the primary
cause of the Union. When the Union Act
was brought into operation. it did not con-
tain the nece..ary checks, and was iaesed
in England wtih)ut the tomcat., or concur-
rence of rho inhabitants of this Colony.—
Its greatest faelt was in treating a large
public debt. Before the Ilnior any member
cound ride in his place and propose a money
grant—the cen•equeoce sees that a I.rge
debt was incurred ; but 1;1,100,000 were
invested in gond works, with the exception
of about £350,000, and that sum was wast-
ed. After the Union the power of origina-
ting modes' bills was conferred upon the
Government. But this did not mend mat-
ters, for a pressure from without secured
the passage of measures of this description
and the result was seen in a heavy debt of
£4,000,000 now hanging over the Provence,
which was really Int worth mote than
£3,000,000. It was on this account that
the country had to pay heavy taxer, and
the Custom duties had been increased from
Se to 12 per cent. to pay the interest of the
debt. The Act, therefore, failed to produ-
cing the necessary checks, and discontent
bad followed as a matter of course. These
institutions existed before the present Gov-
ernment came into power, and the mischief
was worked before they took hold of the
rem. A similar state of things had existed
in NOW York, but there the had found a
'n
reedy by depriving the they
of
power to originate a debt, without passing
an act at the same time for collecting a suffi-
cient sum by direct taxation to pay it. A
wiser financial measure than this was never
adopted leder the canopy of heaven, and he
would gladly see it copied in Canada. He
ended distinctly to ingpresa upon the minds
of his heaters the important fact, that the
heavy taxation, of the Provence, bad tended
much to produce discontent. He was
anxious to see Canada prosperous, to see
her hghtly.tax.d her but energies at work
her resources developed, and beer the busy
hum of enterprise ringing through the land.
but her heavy debt must first be removed.
Ile would proceed to point, out a second
cause of diesatidaetion• He alluded to the
corn -law of 1845. That law wan passed in
1843, and Canadians could express no opio•
ton upon it until 1846. It removed
all protection from Canada, but (ailed to do
an act of justice to the Colon*. la oot se-
curing reciprocity with the United States.'
He entertained the same opinions now in
1850, that he did in 1849. He then was
in favor of rcmoamg all duties between
Canada and Great Britain, to establish a
complete tree trade between them, sod to
put discriminating dunes upon goods from
the fatted States. Ile then saw that with
the great public works of Canada, the free
trade eastern would be much to the advan-
tage of the country, and was strongly to
favor of reciprocity. as the proper way of
carrying et out. By raising a country to a
oar with other., was the only way to make
et contented. Et must possess equal advan-
tages and have as good markets. To obtain
these things was to make the Canadian peo-
ple more satisfied with their condition and
their government : until these things were
obtarued they never would be atis6ed with
any goverameat. Woes he saw that Great
Briton reduced Canada coequal competetioo
with other nauoo., and removed the protee-
uoo defies hitherto meting, he was con-
vinced that reciprocity must be obtained,
before .be could be •nro.perous. He was
not in favor of Protection in any was, man •
Ser, or shape, and thought that Great Bea-
ters bad as undoubted ,,8ht to remove the
Coto Laws—it would have been pre•..ump-
tuoua to base npp,•eed it—but she bad done
Canada a gnevous wrong, :n riot roc -
ding her right of acres. to the same market,
as other British rubjeets possessed. He
had .ser songhl eietee to remedy the error
by emdesvorimg to ►nag shoot Reciprocity
between this Country and the 1). tl. (Mr.
Merritt hers real as extract from'? skeet'
delivered by hits in the I loa•e of As•emblyin
18444)11e had replied to Mr C•yky then who
said that wh at prices in Europe would
sustain wires poses in Canada, that ex-
perience was spinet it, and showed t1,at
Canadians eoe!d not eerepete with Ru.eiane
'tale's admitted en lar,wshle term. to the
Amerman market. (Read another extract
coslarmeg thea' seaumests.) This was
what he emoted out to 1846, and it had
been realised. Cattle, wheat, pork, every
thing in fact, produced her., was IoW 20
par cent lower than en .the other side.
Thie Was nue element, among other*,
which prodne.d dissatisfaction. Some aid
that if the Americas markets were opened
to Canada. it would lead to eatrangems
from the Mather Cneetry. He bold mai
opposite opinion. and considered that Cams
da would be estranged only, by the Amer.
can markets reniaening closed. He had
never argued for protection on higher prices
than were given is the U. S., but for an
*quality of prices. WM. Cassabas* saw
that their American neighbors were teesrv-
ing more for their products than they, they
became dissatisfied but when they saw that
Hits dal#reser moos from the legislation of
eau, Huy naturally directed their murmurs
ardent the °overstate% twill it osodeav-
•
•
nred to bring, or did bring, about a change
These were the two abiding causes of die
eatidactinn here—the greater taxation and
the lower pores, than were to be found on
the other side. Ile was of opinion thai
Reciprocity would yet be obtained, how-
ever, and troutd give his reasons for think
in. an, The Americana mind to E:eglaud,
defy free, fifty times the arnouet of that
•evil from Canada, at a duty of 20 per cent ,
treat Retain can, en she is bound to do,
emery nut the principles of the Navigation.
Act, and virtually clots her port• to all eh,.
will rine fairly reeiprecaie with her, or her
ensseesir ns. The Americans would be ton
seneuble to remain under such a du•Jtao
rage, and would speedily agree to • r••cip
runty of trade with Canada, 11e credo
ark who paid this difference of price—their
high dut'os—net the ronviimer, but the
grower. the hard working former. ('aned%
was a prodneing, instead of a consuming
country, and her produce therefore ruffered
under the prceent .yvicnt. He would not
be snrprioce, however. to see the Recipro.
city B -II peeved before tee months were
neer, without env a'tempi at coercion, and
he knew that the Candle lien and Briliah
Gn,ernrncnts wcrc using etery effort to ob-
tain it. ile was convinced that Reetpriacity
must coma at en early dale either with
coercion or without. Ile knew that no ad-
ministration Deed expect to retain theeun6-
denee of the count re, whn neglected to use
every possible effort to obtain a fair ex-
change of commodities with the U.S., and
tie bring about this dented reciprocity. The
Anglo Saxon race would not listen to ex
cuses—they would ask "are yeti success-
ful,' and if the answer was in the negative,
they would try other men. But he
was sere that the people would be aatiefied
with t1ie conduct of the Government, upon
this, and all other points, during the ensu-
ing Session. It mutt be borne in mind
that the Ministry had many difficnities to
contend against last year, in addition to the
bad laws made by their predecessors.—
They had met extraordinary opposition,
and he acknowledged that much had been
left undone which ought to have been
done. They all remembered the indenmity
Bill—its pelissge waste crisis in the History
of Canada, and of Responsible Government.
It had been accompanied by an attempt of
the minority to rule the majority, and by
unexampled •riolenee ;• it had been debated
in Parliament, both here and in England,
and the result was a triumph o( Consti-
tutional Liberty, not only in Canada but
in Great Britain. They had all read Lnrd
John Ruesel'e speech, and from it would
be satisfied that Responsible Government
was no longer it name, but a reality. To
all intents and purposes they were now.
freemen. 1( an administration did not
meet the views of the people, they could I
drive them from power, and put other men in
their places. But they might ask "What
are the fruits of Responsible Government'"
and in reply he would ask "What do you
want?" First they might answer, "Re-
trenchment." Well, be had something to
tell them about that, which must meet
with their approval- An idea seemed to pre-
vail, that the Ministry were opposed to Re-
treochment. There could be nothing more
erroneous than this. All who knew him
were well aware that he had always • advo-
cated cheap government—he did so still,
and if he had thought the Administration
to eeomnny, he .would have resigned
long ago, and i1 he had supported an op-
position to retrenchment, he would never
have dared to appeal to his constituents
again. He'had given much attention. to
the subject,and was satisfied as to the result.
G.,vernment must rest upon public opinion,
and actin accordance with the wishes of
the people. Ile had authority to declare that
immediately on the opening of the Session,
the .iintatry would move for a committee,
TWELV1: AND 81X PENCE
/IT TR MOO Or TIM TEAR.
NUMBER XV.
with hlin as to its propriety. He now
- thought that advice was good. He had
lately paid great attention to this subject,
mad found that he bad never thoroughly un
deretood it before. (H• thea proceeded
to show throes lands were originally
set apart,) By selling the lands DOW re-
ns:oing at 10s. per acre, an income of
1;50,uu0 would be realized. Not an acre
of the lends had been already sold, with-
out investment of the proceeds in gov-
ernment sceuoties. This fund was public
property, and ae such under the control of
iM people. Ile thought that Canadians
Ivied a deep debt of gratitude to Lord John
of Toronto, who had preserved that fund in
its ',resert state. Under other hand. it
might all have been wasted and bat. 11e
contended that this fond was still under the
control of the people. and he did not regard
the Clergy Reserves as a settled question.
[lobed always voted for the application of
them, to educational purposes, and was one
of those who voted against the bill for *end-
ing the matter home for settlement. But
he considered it premature to agitate the
common just now, and he had to inform
them that the Clergy Reserves would not
be brought in ae a government measure
during the next Somme, but be left an
open question, although to bs brorght in
by a member of the government. When
they looked back upon the laude sold—about
115,000,000 acres—without providing for
educanon, they must think it a sad sight.
Ile thought that the system of appropri-
ating lands bed been wrong from the very
beginning. They bad established the Uni-
versity first, whereas they ought to have
provided for Common Schools first, then
grammar schools in every District, and then
the U.i.ernity. The Ministry bad endeav-
ored to remedy this groom neglect, by bring-
ing in a bill last session, appropriating
1,000,000 acres of public laude, for the sup-
port of a thorough school system. After
March 1st, 1851, no man would get an sere
of Crown Lands, without the money being
applied to the Common School fund. He
thought the. allowance of land grants to be
a great mistake, ■cad he would not wish to
see a continuance of the wrong system of
giving lands to the descendents of U. E.
Loyalists, who lived 60 years ago. He
would again express his hopes that the
Clergy Reserves question would not be
agitated until more important matters were
n ettled. He had shown them that the peo-
ple WOWS lestog none of the capital derived
from the sale of the Reserves, and consid-
ered it proper, that such matters as the set-
tlemsot of the other Crown Lands, and re-
ciprocal free trade, ought first to be atten-
ded to. The Banking question, and that
of Currency, he regarded as highly
important, and although not likely to
be brought in by the Adrnioietration du-
ring the present Session, it was proba-
ble that they would in the
one. 11e would like to see the Banking
Laws of Canada placed upon the same foot -
log as In the United States. There any
person wishing to commence a Bank, could
do so by purchasing public securities—lists
raised the 'aloe of public securities to an
extraordinary degree, and in some fuel .•_.--
he knew, le per cent. premium was re-
ceived on 6 per cent. stock. He would
also a•sirnilate the currency of Canada, to
that of the United States—he would have
a dollar worth a dollar, and not be Id.—
Thu would tend to make money easy.—
Ile would ask why Canada should not he as
prosperous as any other country? He New
some around bun who were in the country
before 1813. They would recollect that
Canada was far more prosperous then than
now. There were no restrictions In those
days. Produce used to go down to Mon-
treal from the West, money was plenty,
prices better. and wages higher. Why
was this? Because then there were so
1•rtffd to shut out American goods, and no
restrictions to ruin trade. Settlers need to
leave the wilderness of New York State,
and settle the Canadian Districts of Niaga-
ra, and Gore, and Home. Why should
they not return to that state of prosperity
agate, by pursuing the same means 1 Altar
the war o: 1812 or rather after 1815. the
re.tectivo policy commenced. Governor
Gore came and determined to keep out the
" Yankees"—restriction• were imposed—
die•atiefactinn cornn.nceJ—the oldest end
moat respectable colonists remonstrated—
and countries were settled all around, with
a population and wealth thus driven from
Canada. 11. would not say that Canada
had r of advanced, but elle had not done so
according to her deserts. Ile drew the
contrast to show the efTeets of the two eye-
tem.—freedom and restriction. Under the
one the country prospered, whilst under the
other it went down. To insure the old rats
of progression, they mus restore the old
system of free trade. There were two
great things necessary to make the coun-
try prosperous—lar, Retrenchment, to re-
duce taxes, and ■o allow the country to
become well Pooled: and end, the finishing
of the great chain of water communication
to the Atlentte, and the setting sport of a
find from their proceeds w illi which to pay
off the debt of the country. Ile would
show them how this was feasible. Some
e lloatoss had be. made as Id his accep-
tawee of the nets of Chief Commissioner of
Public Worke. He was obliged for the
tcreicrnees with which he had been treated
by the Pre.., --sad a1 the same time must
say that he regarded It as the duty of the
Fowith Estate to deenuwrs rnua•ily what
thee comae/erred wrnwg—but be would
state that his only object a accepting the
nAlre, woe from a Jerre to sen the Public
Works completes, and made as remunera-
t•ve as they ought to be. Every canal
meet M made to draw 10 feet of water, and
w hen this was done, it ennlel be'hewn that
eremite might go from Prescott to Mon-
treal is a mgbt sad a day, or over 200
melee in 94 hones. Much a navigation was
not In he egnslleel en the world. The Mee-
• e.irpe miirht have a rapid rn►reat down,
but that enrrrwl. had to be ascended again,
w Meese in the St. Lawrence there was the
advantage of the cornett down, and of the
'leek water up. When the chain was pro-
perly enepl.ted the bemuse would be
taken from New York State in opals ofall
composed from both sides of the house—in-
cludins Reformem,Tories mad "clear gots"
—and on which be would sit himself -,4o
take up every item of income and expendi-
ture to ascertain the amount of every salary
paid, and to report thereon to the House for
setion. ( Mr. Merrit read a resolution pro-
posed by Bir R. Peel in England.) The
resolution here would be similar to that,
and would be one of the 6r.l motleys made
on the aseernbhng of the Home. Every en-
gle subject mistime to .scams sad expendi-
ture, would Thee be ed, and the
greatest poesible publicity be given to the
*object. Whatever differences of opinion
there might he as to the extent to which.
Retrenchment should go, there eooid be
WOW ea 10 the mode of bringing it shout
and they might reel soured that the Moos
vv wn.IJ do all in their power to ef•ct it.
Much had been mkt about the Elective
Principle, sod it was rumored that there
was a majority is the eotintry deenans of
neem, it earned nut. They were aware
that Lord J, Russell wee about to gine an
Elective Legislative Conned to the Au.-
trahaoe, and if the Comtism wiahed for
*itch a change it was ant ltkcly they would
be oppeeed. They had now the power
of regulating their eon Government, and
could adopt any form they please -h. For flint
they had the authority of the Prentice, and
there was so ehaegw. after being properly
considered, which they rem?l not eTic'.—
Rut a duty devolved upon them to use this
power wish jndgmr'at, and as Intelligent
?mem, they ought 001 to expect everything it
owe—ft it to .ubve': everything at mite.—
The Elective L.pisla'tve Council required
grave consideration—ft was a Rom thing
and might work well, oe might mot. It sea.
a departure from the system of respom*ih I-'
gnvernmeet,and should riot be hastily adopt
ed. The f •►m of Government here now
was as democratic, as could be drawn by
man : it was lar moredemtteratic even than
the Repmhlican form. in a Repeablie they
elected men for a certain 1101e, and were
obliged to retain thea whether they aeled
rightly Of not, but here they emeld turn not
a Ministry in 1a hour. He meniboeed
these things to that the matter of 'elf gov-
ernment might be serion.ly considered by
them. He would eome now to the Clergy
Reserve*. Last year he was applied to
h several Committees from the Northern
owsships to moss is this atter, but he
And advised delay, and they bad coiserded
.0