Clinton News-Record, 1972-01-13, Page 8—Clinton News-Record, Thursday, January 13, 1972
waiter of principle
11.111111111111111101111111.11111111111111111111111
BY J, CARL HEMINGWAY.
I don't know what I would do without T.V. I've had a firm
conviction on a couple of items that t have wanted to put forward
for some time but was hesitant to put them in print lest they be
discredited before enough people had a chance to consider them,
Fortunately on Country Canada, Roger Schwass, former farm
commentator over C,K.N.X. and now a sociologist, I believe entitled
to be called Dr, made the statement "We have always had end
probably Will always have fringe farmers with the inadequate income
but the really serious problem of to-day is the fact that top farmers,
who are good managers, have a large enough operation, have plenty
of credit, (yet), having taken advantage of all government assistance,
have to forego a reasonable return on their private investment in
order to have a decent living" Dr. Helen Abell, recognized as the
Most outstanding rural sociologist in Canada, who was also on the
program, voiced her agreement.
The second statement came from Pierre Burton on his program
over C,K.N.X. Sunday evening Jan,-2, 1972 "Politicians always run
at the back of the crowd," Surely farmers, at least, will agree with
him. Again, I think farmers should recognize by this time that, as far
as farmers are concerned, our goverriments manage to curve the
pitch enough that it never quite hits the mark:
Surely farmers must find it just a little bit inconsistent that our
departments of Agriculture have insisted that the only way way for
farmers to improve their position is to produce more, increase their
holdings, become more efficient yet when our Canadian economy
was faltering reduced production, increased unemployment was
recommended.
"What's sauce for the goose doesn't satisfy the gander."
The National Farm Marketing Legislation, recently passed by the
elected representives and now before the Senate, is a good example
of how far behind the farmers our MP's are. Over 10 years ago our
farm organizations were saying that producer controlled National
Marketing Boards were urgently needed. Now 10 years later, our
Government has finally caught up with the crowd or perhaps it
would be more correct to say that the tail of the parade has finally
arrived at Ottawa,
Apparently our elected representatives have introduced the
familiar "curve". The Senate has confirmed my suspicions that
farmer control is lacking and restriction of import dumping
ineffective in the legislation. We can only hope that the Senate is
able to amend the Bill to Make it reasonable and thereby justify its
existence.
It is high time that our government realize how dangerous
mis-handling of food production could be.
A couple of years ago I was talking to a good young farmer just
nicely set up in a viable beef feedlot operation with sufficient
acreage to produce his own feed supply and family help. He told me
that if the price of cattle dropped two cents per pound he would be
broke. The price did drop closer to four cents so he was broke yet he
still seems to be going as strong as ever.
The last two years haven't been particularly profitable to beef
feeders so who's financing him?
I don't think the banks are interested in that kind of financing so
it would seem that it must be some corporation in the food
processing or distribution chain. A farm supply and machinery
dealer gave me to understand that he had found many of the large
farmers in much the same position.
If food production falls into the hands of few mighty
corporations the farmer will become a farm labourer and the squeeze
will shift to the consumer.
Come to think of it the prospect of a farm labour union
bargaining for $8. or $9 dollars an hour might appeal to a lot of
farmers. However, I feel that the government that allows this to
happen can expect to be out of office for a long time.
Dairy holdback payment
changes announced
Agriculture Minister H. A.
(Bud) Olson today announced
further important changes in the
Canadian Dairy Commission's
holdback on payments to
shippers of manufacturing milk
and cream. These changes will
again improve the returns of
dairy producers,
(On November 3, the
Commission's rate of holdback
on payments to manufacturing
milk shippers on deliveries
within their quotas qas reduced
to 10 cents per hundred pounds,
retroactive to last April.)
According to today's
announcement, in provinces
under market sharing quotas, a
producer may now exceed his
market quota by 10 per cent
before the over-quota holdback
will take effect. This applies to
Ontario, Quebec, and since Dec.
1, to Prince Edward Island. In
these provinces, the holdback is
made from market payments to
producers.
In other provinces, the
holdback is made from direct
federal subsidy payments, based
on each producer's subsidy
quota. If all provinces were
under market sharing quotas, the
national total of the subsidy
quotas qould be about 70 per
cent of the total market sharing
quotas. For this reason, Mr.
Olson said, there will be a larger
allowance for over-quota
deliveries where the holdback is
made from subsidy payments.
The adjustment will permit
producers in provinces not under
sharing quotas to exceed their
subsidy quotas by 30 per cent
before the over-quota rate of
holdback will apply (i.e. in the
provinces of British Columbis,
Alberta, Saskatchewan,
Manitoba, New Brunswick, Nova
Scotia, and Newfoundland).
The changes in today's
announcement apply to both
manufacturing milk and cream.
"There has been some
question of the necessity of a
higher rate of holdback on
over-quota deliveries in a
situation where butter
production this year will be
slightly below Canadian
requirements," Mr. Olson said.
"The Dairy Commission has
consulted closely with dairy
producer organizations on this.
The consensus is that if the
supply management system of
which the dairy industry has
embarked, and which has been
of considerable benefit to
producers this year, is to work
effectively there has to be some
significant charge to discourage
excess production.
"However, as a special
measure in the circumstances of
this year, the payment programs
will be adjusted to allow
producers a margin of deliveries
in excess of their quotas before
the over-quota rate of holdback
is applied."
The Minister said, "I wish to
stress that this is a special
arrangement fOr the dairy year
ending next March 31. Dairy
producers should not interpret
this as indicating that a similar
arrangement will , apply next
year."
developed through the use of
up-to-date soil surveys, is the
most viable answer. And
cooperative coordination is the
key. Farmers and non-farm
persons must Ark together to
solve such mutual problems as
roadside erosion, eontrol,
flooding and silting, locating
proper recreation sites, highway
planning, sewage disposal and
location of housing and
industrial developments.
Through effective use of the
land-planning tools available
today, progress may be
measured in terms of what is
best economically and
ecologically.
Latest figures released by the
'Canada Department. of
Agriculture put the number of
farms for this nation at 430,522,
down more than 300,000 from
1941.
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Farm experts look
of legislation centering on
farmland preservation,'
AgricnItnral districts were
formed in New York, he Says,
because of pressure •from
non-farm developments moving
out of the urban centers using
areas of prime agricultural land,
and the threat that it may
happen in other areas. The land
in the agricultural district is
assessed at. farm-use value and
taxes are apportioned
accordingly.
In Pennsylvania, two laws are
currently on the books that
could have an effect on the state's
farmland preservation. One
makes reservations for individual
landowners to enter into
restrictive covenants for the
preservation of land in farm,
forest, water supply or open
spaces. The other authorizes the
state and counties to preserve,
acquire or hold land for open
space uses. Presently, as
Pennsylvania's constitution is
constructed, it is apparently
unconstitutional to grant
preferential assessment to
farmland in the state.
Farmers have traditionally
looked upon zoning and other
tools of land-use planning, such
as agricultural districts, with
distrust and disapproval. John
Cribbet, Dean of the College of
Law at the University of Illinois,
says the greatest area of conflict
in this problem is the rural-urban
fringe, Dozens of local units all
attempt to make land-use
planning decisions in one way or
another, but there is very little
coordination.
Many agricultural people
believe the price of putting up
with urban sprawl is .a price too
high to pay to remain in
farming. But to avert urban
sprawl, some farmers -- though
not particularly enthusiastic --
have begun to lean towalvi
community land-use planning
and zoning as the lesser of the
evils.
Zoning is an integral part of
city plans. However, knowledge
and understanding of this as a
rural practice is not common,
University of .Guelph's Hoffman
notes that zoning bylaws should
be positive, not negative. Steps
should be taken to develop
zoning bylaws which how
clearly the areas that are be
used primarily for agricuaure.
Other uses occurring within
agricultural areas should a there
at the invitation of ag culture
and on terms set 1 )y the
agricultural comm ity,
Hoffman concludes.
New, more effective tot for
broad scale land-use planning
have been developed in America.
Foremost among these are the
detailed soil survey maps
published by the United States
Soil Conservation Service (SCS),
in cooperation with individual
farmland
state agricultural experiment
stations and similar agencies.
Begun in the 1930% the newer
surveys interpret the basic soil,
water and geologic features of
each county.
Although highly technical,
newer surveys are written in
1.iiiguage that is easy to
understand. They are becoming
important tools for state, county
and community planning boards,
and for the engineer, lawyer and
builder as well. In some places,
soil surveys are being used to
locate highways, schools, factory
sites and recreation areas in
non-prime land spaces that are
unsuitable for home-building.
Soil surveys can detect areas that
won't _handle septic tanks or
tend to buckle or flood
basements,
In Maine, state SCS head
Donald Dinsmore travels the
state telling, local chambers of
commerce and other groups how
they can save money using the
soil surveys. One piece of
ammunition he uses is a survey
his soil scientists did of 53
schools. They found 52 of them
located, unnecessarily, on soils
that upped their construction
and maintenance costs.
PLANNING REQUIRED
Even though there. is
probably no perfect or absolute
solution to the problem of
proper land-use, it seems that a
combination of zoning,
at zoning to protect
Zoning is needed for
agriculture. But, according to
University of Guelph soil science
professor Douglas Hoffman, it
will have to be something other
than it is today.
Hoffman defines zoning as •
"the division of a community
into zones or districts according
to the present and potential use
of properties for the purpose of
controlling and directing the use
and development *of these
properties;" "Zoning can do a
job," says Hoffman. "It can
assist in controlling the
development of new areas —
places which were lightly
occupied in the past and are now
becoming densely settled."
Zoning has been attempted in
rural areas, and zoning bylawg
have been passed in several
Ontario townships. But,
paradoxically, these bylaws have
tended to hinder agriculture es,
opposed to helping it.
The bylaws, as they have been
designed, are restrictive. They
are concerned with separating
the farm community from the
encroaching suburban group and
have developed a large buffer
zone between the two. "Such a
goal is worthy of praise," says
Hoffman, "but it prevents the
enlargement of farm business,
i and may force the farmer from
the land."
Farmland is becoming scarce.
Canada's soaring population,
expected to increase by more
than six million by the 1980's,
coupled with expanding
immigration, urban problems,
new highway systems and an
ever-growing horde of
automobiles, is responsible for
what has come to be known. as
urban sprawl. New homes,
businesses and factories are
being pushed from urban areas
and, as they move to the
suburbs, farmland is being
displaced at an alarming rate.
SKYROCKETING PRICES
To some farmers, this means a
bonanza in the form of
skyrocketing prices for locations
for new factories, businesses and
subdivisiong. Others, particularly
older farmers, will be able to
look forward to a more
comfortable retirement as their
land values increase from the
urban push and community
development.
Thomas Beaver, who heads
North American operations of
Sperry Rand's New Holland
"Writ equipment division, says a
recent report prepared for his
company shows urban push in a
diff Brent light. The study points
that many farmers near towns
and cities, and some not so
close, have been selling off
highway-front lots just to keep
up with rising property taxes.
This means the breakup of prime
farm operating units to pay
taxes on land assessed at rates no
farm enterprise can afford to
pay. It can also mean the whole
gamut of nuisance and
deterioration that haphazard
urban sprawl can bring down on
a rural community.
In America, community
planning specialists such as Ted
Sidor of Oregon State
University, and John Quinn of
the University of Illinois, warn
that the tendency to gobble up
prime farmland for factories,
subdivisions, and other non-farm
developments can be
self-defeating to a community
and an entire area in the long
run. More often than not, they
say, it is not beneficial to the
orderly growth of a community.
The total long run 'cost of
locating the housing, the
industry and the developments
on other than prime land would
be far less to the community as a
whole.
TWENTY-SIX STATES
Ernest J. Cole, formerly with
the College of Agriculture at
Cornell University and now on
the staff of the National Farm
Consulting Service in Ithaca, N.
Y., says that some 26 states in
America now have various kinds
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LETTERHEAD ENVELOPES BROCHURES
STATEMENTS — INVOICES — BUSINESS CARDS
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The New Holland Division of
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assets of American agriculture
equal half the market value of all
U.S. corporations listed on the
New York Stock Exchange.
* * * Lealand Hill, Manager
Canada's farmers jointly have Elgin and Kingston
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